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中考英语复习八年级(下) Units 3—4

中考英语复习八年级(下) Units 3—4
中考英语复习八年级(下) Units 3—4

八年级(下)Units 3—4单元重点回顾

续表

2.why don't you句

型用于提建议

编P150~P151)

Unit 3 Chores and

permission(家务和许

可)

Unit 4 Interpersonal

communication(人际

沟通)★

单元重难点突破

neither (八下Unit 3 P19)

【举例透析】

①She did not do any homework and neither did I.她一点作业都没有做,我也没有。

—He can't swim.他不会游泳。

—Neither can I.我也不会。

—They don't like it.他们不喜欢它。

—Neither does he.他也不喜欢。

—I'm not tired.我不累。

—Neither am I.我也不累。

(neither+情态动词/be动词/助动词+主语,是常见的倒装句型,表示“后者也不”。)

②Neither answer is correct.两个答案都不对。

[neither可作形容词,表示“两者都不”,放在__单数__(单数/复数)名词前。]

③Neither of them has/have a car.他们两个人都没有车。

(neither可作代词,常与of连用,表示“两者都不”。谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数。)

④Neither my father nor I am interested in the film.我父亲和我都对这部电影不感兴趣。

(neither…nor…表示“既不……也不……”;连接主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则。)

常见使用就近原则的句型或短语有:

there be; either…or…(意思为:__要么……要么……__);not only …but also…(意思为:__不仅……而且……__)。

(C)1.—Why don't you get used to the life in Beijing?

—______ the crowded traffic ______ the high living cost.The only reason is the badly polluted air.

A.Not only;but also B.Either;or

C.Neither;nor

(C)2.Neither of my friends ______ in Yibin.

A.living B.to live C.lives

(A)3.(2019南通中考改编)—What's the weather like in Kunming, Lucy?

—It's______ hot ______ cold. So Kunming is called “the Spring City”.

A.neither;nor B.not only;but also

C.either;or

could (八下Unit 3 P20)

【举例透析】

①—Could you play the piano when you were 5 years old?你5岁的时候会弹钢琴吗?

—Yes,I could./No,I couldn't.是的,我会。/不,我不会。

(could 是can的过去式,表示过去的能力。)

②—Could you come here soon?你能快点来这里吗?

—Sure.当然。

—Could you please not close the door?你可以不关门吗?

—I'm sorry.I have to.对不起,我不得不(关门)。

(could表示礼貌的请求。句型:Could you…?Could you please…?=Will you please…?否定:Could you please not do sth.?)

③—Could I use your bicycle?我可以用你的自行车吗?

—Yes,of course you can.是的,当然可以。

注意:a.用Could I…?表示请求对方准许时,对方回答不能用could,而要用can。对于这种请求的肯定和否定回答的常用语:

肯定: Sure./Certainly./Of course./With pleasure./No problem.

否定:I'm sorry, you can't./No,I'm afraid not.

b.Could you 后面经常接从句,从句要用__陈述句__语序。

(A)1.(新信息题)—Could you please ______ me ______ about the film The Captain(《中国机长》)?

—Certainly.

A.tell;something B.not tell;nothing

C.tell;anything

(C)2.—Could I watch TV?

—No,you ______.You ______ finish your homework first.

A.couldn't;can B.can't;can

C.can't;must

(B)3.(2019南通中考改编)—Could you please tell me ______?

—With pleasure. Wait a moment, please.

A.if the scarf looked nice on me

B.how I can order a robot online

C.that Guilin is worth visiting

辨析borrow与lend (八下Unit 3 P20)

【举例透析】

①Jack borrowed lots of money from his friends,but he never paid it back.杰克从他朋友那里借了很多钱,但是他从来没有还过钱。

(borrow作动词,意为“借”,用法:向某人借某物__borrow__sth.__from__sb.__,表示借入。)

②I lent that book to Lucy yesterday.=I lent Lucy that book yesterday.我昨天把书借给露西了。

(lend作动词,意为“借给;给予”,过去式__lent__,过去分词__lent__;用法:把某物借给某人lend__sb.sth.=__lend__sth.to__sb.__,表示借出。)

(A)—I ______ an interesting book from my classmate.

—Could you please ______ it to me?

A.borrowed;lend B.borrowed;lent

C.lent;borrow

in order to (八下Unit 3 P22)

【举例透析】

①In order to finish writing his new book on time,he often stayed up late last year.为了按时写完他的新书,去年他经常熬夜到很晚。

②In order not to make a difference to his own health,he keeps on running every morning.为了不影响他自己的健康,他坚持每天早晨跑步。

(in order to do sth.表示“为了做某事”,可用于句首或句中。否定结构为:__in__order__not__to__do__sth.__。)

He keeps writing English diaries __in__ __order__ __to__(为了) learn English well.

allow (八下Unit 4 P25)

【举例透析】

①My parents don't allow me to hang out with my friends.我父母不允许我和朋友闲逛。

(allow作动词,意为“同意;允许”,用法:允许某人做某事__allow__sb.to__do__sth.__。)

②I am not allowed to stay out past ten.我不被允许在外面待到十点以后。

[(不)被允许做某事__be__(not)__allowed__to__do__sth.__]

(A)Boys and girls, attention,please! Without permission,children are not allowed ______ alone here.

A.to swim B.swimming C.swim

instead (八下Unit 4 P27)

【举例透析】

①Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.相反,他看他想看的任何东西一直到晚上很晚。

He is tired.Let me do it instead.他累了,让我来代替他做。

(instead作副词,意为“代替;然而;相反”。位于句首或句末。)

②I walked to school this morning instead of taking the bus.今天早上我是步行去学校的而不是乘公共汽车。

I came instead of my brother.我是代替我哥哥来的。

Who would like to solve this problem instead of him?谁想来代替他解决这个问题?

(instead of 介词短语,意为“代替;而不是”。后面接名词,代词,v.-ing;位于句首或句中。)

(C)1.It's raining now.I would like to watch TV at home instead of ______ soccer outside.

A.play B.to play C.playing

(A)2.—May I use your computer,Mr.Black?

—Go ahead.I will use my iPad ______.

A.instead B.although C.since

辨析offer与provide (八下Unit 4 P27)

【举例透析】

①The little boy offered his seat to an old woman on the bus.=The little boy offered an old woman his seat on the bus.

那个小男孩把他的位置让给了一位老妇人。

(offer作动词,意为“主动提供”;用法:为某人提供某物offer__sb.sth.=__offer__sth.__to__sb.__。)

②He offers to help me with my homework.他主动提出帮助我做家庭作业。

(主动提出做某事__offer__to__do__sth.__)

③The school provided food for the students.=The school provided the students with food.这所学校为学生提供食物。

(provide作动词,意为“提供”,出于某种责任和义务为某人提供某物;用法:为某人提供某物__provide__sb.with__sth.__= __provide____sth.__for__sb.__。)

(B)1.It is not the parents' job to provide kids ______ help all the time. Kids also need to offer help ______ their parents sometimes.

A.to;with B.with;to C.with;with

2.政府为农村的学生们提供免费的伙食。

The government __provides__ free food __for__ the students in the countryside.

3.他们为我们提供了所需要的所有书籍。

They __provided__ us __with__ all the books we need.

4.她主动给了我一杯茶。

She __offered__ me a cup of tea.

return (八下Unit 4 P28)

【举例透析】

①She will return me the book tomorrow.= She will return the book to me tomorrow.她明天将把书还给我。

(return作动词,意为“归还;回来”;用法:还给某人某物__return__sb.sth.__=__return__sth.__to__sb.__。)

②We returned to school at five.=We went back to school at five.我们五点返回了学校。

(return to=go/come back to,表示返回到某地。)

(B)1.—When did you ______ to school yesterday?

—In the afternoon.

A.return back B.return C.returned back

2.你必须将书按时还给图书馆。

You must __return__ the books __to__ the library on time.

高频话题写作指导

烦恼与建议

◆话题解读

中学生处于特殊的成长时期,既没有完全脱离家庭的影响,又逐步形成了自己独特的人生观、世界观和价值观。所以,很多中学生都在学习或生活上存在一定的烦恼,如学习效率的提升、与家人及朋友相处等方面。另外,就一些具体的事例、朋友的烦恼等提出自己的意见或建议,也在生活中非常常见,所以这个话题的写作非常贴近中学生的日常生活,也是中考作文容易考到的一个话题。如2019年达州英语中考作文写一封回信帮朋友解决烦恼;2019年郴州英语中考作文说出你的烦恼;2018年北部湾英语中考作文我的建议等。写作形式往往以书信或电子邮件为主。

◆写作素材包

常用作文开头语:

1.My name is Mary.I am a middle school student from No.15 Middle School.(自我介绍)

【试一试】今天我将把我的好朋友介绍给大家认识。

__Today__I'll__introduce__my__good__friend__to__all__of__you.__

2.I have something annoying to tell you and hope to get some help.(have sth.to do有某事要做)

【试一试】我有一些麻烦事要解决。

__I__have__some__trouble__to__solve.__

3.I'd like to hear from you about some of my trouble.(hear from收到某人来信)

【试一试】我期待不久后收到你的来信。

__I'm__looking__forward__to__hearing__from__you__soon.____

常用作文中间语:

1.Tom is not old enough to go to school.(enough to do sth.足够做某事)

【试一试】我没有足够的时间完成我的家庭作业。

__I__don't__have__enough__time__to__finish__my__homework.__

2.When I want to ask them questions on math,they often say they can't do it,either.

3.My parents don't seem to care about me.(care about关心)

【试一试】关心老人是我们的责任。

__It__is__our__duty__to__care__about__the__old.__

4.My cousin took my school things without my permission and didn't return them.

5.I can't get on/along well with my classmates.

6.We often fight with each other for something meaningless.

7.You need to sit down and communicate with your parents.

常用作文结束语:

1.Could you please give me some advice?

2.Would you help me to solve this mess?

3.I hope things can work out.

◆典例剖析

在英语课上,老师将组织以“说出你的烦恼(speak out your worries)”为主题的交流活动。假如你是李华,请根据以下信息,用英语写一篇发言稿,说出你的烦恼和愿望。

要点:1.父母对自己太严格;

2.家庭作业太多;

3.没有真正的朋友可以谈心。

要求:1.词数90左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数);

2.短文须包含所有信息,可适当发挥。

Hello, everyone,

I am Li Hua. I'm not happy recently. I have some worries.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

That's all. Thank you!

【审题指导】这篇文章可采用一般现在时进行写作,以第一人称的口吻进行叙述。内容包括三个方面,字数不够时可进行一定拓展。

【写作导图】

I Have Some

Worriesparents→too strict;give me

much pressure

homework→too much homework;

no free time

friends→no true friends;

feel lonely

【参考范文】

Hello,__everyone,

__I__am__Li__Hua.__I'm__not__happy__recently.__I__have__some__worries. My parents are too strict with me. They think I have to study all day and I have to get good grades. If I fail an exam, they are so worried that the world seems to be its end. They give me too much pressure on my study. Besides, there is so much homework. I always spend a lot of time finishing my homework. I don't have enough time to relax myself. How tired I am! What's more, I don't have a true friend. When I am in trouble, I don't know whom I can talk with. I'm a little bit lonely and I really want a good friend. Can you give me some advice?

That's__all.__Thank__you!

【名师点评】本文的亮点之处有:1.用语准确生动,使用了短语be strict with sb.; spend time doing sth.等短语以及感叹句;2.使用besides, what's more等连接词,使文章更为连贯和通顺;3.叙事清楚,要点完整。

◆模拟写作

生活节奏加快,竞争日益激烈,让大多数中学生在生活和学习中或多或少地产生了压力,如何应对压力是大家不可回避的问题。请你根据班上同学情况,写一篇题为“Less Pressure, Better Life”的作文,谈谈你的看法。

要点:1.同学们普遍存在的压力什么;

2.我的压力是什么;

3.我是如何解决的。

要求:1.90词左右;

2.所给的开头和结尾不计入总词数。

Less Pressure, Better Life

Pressure is a serious problem in today's life. __Students__in__our__class__are__under__too__much__pressure.__Some__students__can't__get__on__well__with__the ir__classmates.__While__others__may__worry__about__their__exams.__I'm__always__under__pressure,__too.__My__p arents__want__me__to__be__a____top__student__in__class.__So,__they__send__me__to__all__kinds__of__after-school __classes__on__weekends.__Last__Sunday__evening,__I__had__a__talk__with__my__mother.__I__told__her__I__was_ _not__lazy__and____I__also__cared__about__my__scores.__But__I__was__too__tired.__I__needed__some__time__to_ _relax.__My__mother__agreed__with__me__at__last. I think having a conversation with my parents is necessary to solve the problem.

直击中考

一、单项选择。

(A)1. ______ you please say it again? I didn't hear it.

A.Could B.May C.Might

(A)2.(2019宜昌中考改编)—Lucy, you can't use the phone ______ we are far from the gas(天然气)station.

—OK, I won't do that again.

A.until B.when C.although

(C)3.(2019三黔联考改编)You'd better take the map with you ______ you won't get lost.

A.as long as B.as soon as

C.so that

(B)4.(2019连云港中考改编)US scientist Edward T.Hall said that in a conversation between two people, 65% of ______ is done through body language.

A.pronunciation

B.communication

C.introduction

(C)5.(2019河池中考改编)My parents don't allow me ______ TV on school nights.

A.watch B.watches C.to watch

二、(2019南充中考)还原句子。

阅读下面短文,把A、B、C、D、E五个句子填入文中空缺处,使短文内容完整、正确。

Stanford is a world famous university on the west coast of the US.1.__E__, because the poor boy died of a strange disease.

Tourists are often surprised at the beauty of Stanford. Among the green trees, buildings with yellow walls and red tops make up a beautiful picture. 2.__C__. That's because they were the favorites of Mrs. Stanford.

3.__D__. It stands at the center. It was built by Mrs. Stanford to remember her husband who devoted himself to the university. There, students and teachers can communicate with God, and they can also hold great activities, such as concerts and celebrations.

4.__B__. It is the landmark of the university. A man named Hoover had done a lot for the university. The things he once used can be seen on the first floor. On the top of the tower, tourists can have a good look at the whole campus.

As one of the world top universities, Stanford has many subjects that stand among the top ones in the world. 5.__A__. If you want to study computer in a university abroad, maybe it is your best choice.

三、完成句子。

根据中文意思完成英语句子,每空一词。

1.(2019抚顺中考改编)你能告诉我如何删除手机里的无用信息?

Can you tell me how to __cut____ ____out____ the useless messages in the mobile phone?

2.(2019抚顺中考改编)每天他一起床就读英语。

He reads English as soon____as____ he____gets____ up every day.

3.(2019达州中考)正如专家所说:“学习效能的好坏取决于你的学习习惯。”

As the experts said, “ Whether or not you can study well__depends__ ____on____ your learning habits.”

4.(2019连云港中考改编)昨天下午我哥哥花了两个小时安装卧室的一盏新灯。

Yesterday afternoon my brother__spent____ two hours __fixing__ a new light in our bedroom.

5.(2019新疆建设兵团中考改编)我们两个昨晚都没洗碗,我们儿子洗的。

____Neither____ ____of____ us did the dishes yesterday but our son did it.

四、(2019德州中考改编)综合填空。

阅读下面短文,根据汉语、音标、单词、首字母和语境提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词,要求意义准确、拼写正确。

With its black-white coat, the animal is one of the most precious(珍贵的) animals in the world. It is native to China, proudly called the “1.__national__(nation) treasure”. 2.____Its____(it) name is Panda. The name of “Panda” no w refers to(指的是) the giant panda.

In China, besides the Great Wall and the Terracotta Army, the giant panda also 3.__attracts__(吸引) the world-wide

tourists.

As the most 4.____famous__/'fe?m?s/ animal of China, the giant panda appears in the logo(标志) of the World Wide Fund for Nature(WWF). It also has 5.__more__(many) chances than other animals to be the mascot(吉祥物) of

international games held in China. And it shows up as an actor on the big screen, such as Kung Fu Panda.

The giant panda is regarded 6.____as__ the symbol of peace. In Japanese history records, the Tang Dynasty 7.____sent__(send) a couple of bears and seventy pieces of fur as national gifts to Japan. 8.__The____ “two bears” were giant pandas.

One female panda usually has only one baby, and it is not easy for wild pandas to have twins anyway. If you want to see them, you'd better go to Chengdu. Why? 9.Because__ the main breeding(繁育) centers were built around this area. Certainly some city 10.__zoos__(zoo) also have giant pandas, such as Beijing Zoo, Chongqing Zoo, etc.

The giant pandas are such lovely creatures(生物). More and more people become fans of them.

五、(2019镇江中考)信息摘录。

阅读短文,然后完成内容摘要。一空一词。

An 11-year-old blind girl is proud of walking alone every day to and from school. Why? She has to walk past so many barriers(障碍物) in her way. The girl's home is near the school, yet her mother follows her without letting her know.

The case of the girl shows the barrier-free facilities(设施) are not enough in her city. Many other cities are short

of barrier-free facilities as well. There's no well-designed path for the blind. In fact, in the early 2000s, some cities started to build barrier-free facilities for disabled people. However, almost 20 years later, only a few large cities have had facilities of high quality.

It's common that sidewalks are taken up with barriers. Few workers are sent to move them away, so it's dangerous for the blind to walk on them. Also, some other barrier-free facilities are badly destroyed(毁坏). Only a few workers are assigned(分配) to do the task of repairing the broken ones.

Some ideas can make a difference—build more barrier-free facilities and employ more workers to protect them—but hard to be put into practice, because both of them require money. In a word, more money is needed to carry on with the work. It's our duty to make life easy for disabled people, so that they can live without barriers some day.

请完成精练本第32~33页作业

人教版八年级英语下册第四单元知识点归纳总结.doc

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