语篇型语法填空解题技巧-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII
语篇型语法填空解题技巧
根据四川高考教育改革方案，2016年英语考试将采用全国卷，届时将才用新题型---------语篇语法填空。现笔者根据自己的研习理解对该题型的答题提出一些有益建议。
一、语篇型语法填空题的题型特点
根据《大纲说明》，语篇型语法填空题的形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写的单词不得多于3个。考生须灵活运用语法知识，判断各空白处应填写的内容。本题型材料贴近真实情景，上下文内容丰富，对考生精细阅读能力和语法运用能力要求较高，而且该题型在高考卷中所占的分值为15分，地位举足轻重。
语篇型语法填空包括短文体和对话体两种形式，命题分“无提示词”和“有提示词”两种题型。
1. 无提示词题型，即没有提示词的纯空格题型。一般有6个或7个小题，考查了代词、冠词、关联词（连词）和介词等]
2. 有提示词题型，即要求用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。一般有3个或4个小题，考查谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词或副词的比较级、词类转化等。
二、语篇型语法填空题的解题技巧
With nations in West Africa 1 (face) the biggest and most complex outbreak of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever in history, Top U.S. health officials discussed 2 (far) aid with leaders from Liberia, Sierra Leone and Nigeria who are attending the U.S.-African Leaders Summit in Washington this week. There is no known cure for Ebola, 3 is spread through contact 4 bodily fluids and causes symptoms including fever, headaches, vomiting and diarrhea, and can lead to internal bleeding. Medical 5 (supply) and expertise are badly needed to combat a disease that at least 900 people have been killed and more than 1700 6 (infect) . Two Americans who contracted Ebola while working in a clinic in Liberia are receiving experimental antibody treatments after medical evacuation to the
U.S. .“ 7 further testing proves the antibodies effective, they may offer hope against future cases of the disease in Africa, but they are 8 (like)to be ready for widespread use in the current outbreak. ” medical experts say.
语篇型语法填空题答题技巧特别提示：
1. 若空格在句首，要大写单词的首字母（题7）。
2. 要特别注意语境中连词和连接性副词的合理使用（题7）。
3. 遇到谓语动词（一般为“有提示词”形式），一定要充分考虑文章或对话的上下文，根据语境确定正确的时态、语态和语气形式（题6）。
4. 遇到非谓语动词（一般为“有提示词”形式），一定要关注空格所在句子的句式特点，考虑该空格处所填词所充当的句子成分及其与其逻辑主语的关系，从而确定正确的非谓语动词形式（题1）。
5. 考查形容词和副词一般为“有提示词”形式，通常要考虑词性转换、比较级、最高级以及加前缀变成否定词等（题2、8）。
6. 考查名词一般为“有提示词”形式（也可能无提示词），主要考查根据括号中所提示的形容词、副词或动词进行词性转换或是考查名词所有格的用法（题5）
7. 若空格前后都是句子（一个主谓结构就为一个句子）或前后都是并列单词或短语，应选填连词（题3、7）。
8. 冠词（一般为“无提示词”形式）主要出现在名词之前，尤其是泛指“一”，或特指某个人或事物;泛指用a/an，特指用the。
9. 代词（一般为“无提示词”形式）主要考查人称代词、物主代词、不定代词、反身代词以及it的用法。需要注意：形容词性物主代词后必须加名词; 名词性物主代词作主语、宾语，本身就相当于名词，后面不需再加名词。
10. 当空格后的名词在句中不作主语、表语或动词宾语时，应选填介词，并要注意介词的“搭配”内容。（题4）
总之，要想在高考中解答好语篇型语法填空题，就要掌握好它的题型特点和解题技巧，还有平时大量的实战训练也是少不了的。
自测题组 Passage 1-2018辽宁大连一模 答案 [语篇解读]在东汉初,随着佛教传入中国,人们开始雕刻石狮子。如今,在传统建筑大门口以及桥梁之上常见到石狮子的雕塑。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/2817638073.html,monly设空处修饰动词,故填副词。commonly广泛地;通常。common为形容词,意为“常见的;共同的;共有的”。 2.is regarded设空处在句中作谓语动词。be regarded as被看作;被当作。根据语境可知本句为一般现在时态。 3.officials句意:石狮子也被用来表明官员的等级。由介词of可知此处用名词作宾语,official 官员,为可数名词,根据语境可知用复数。 4.at at the beginning of...在……初;在……开始时。 5.the因为特指佛教的传入,故在前面加定冠词the。 6.which设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代先行词the lion,在从句中作主语,故填关系代词which。 7.bravery设空处作介词of的宾语,与power和good luck并列,故填名词。bravery勇敢。 8.to decorate句意:因为同样的原因,以石狮子雕像来装饰桥梁也非常流行。It在句中作形式主语,用不定式短语作真正的主语。 9.best在以石狮子来装饰的桥梁中,最为著名的就是卢沟桥。根据语境可知此处用最高级, 表示“最为著名的桥梁”。 10.built设空处作定语,修饰the Lugou Bridge,因为the Lugou Bridge与build之间为被动关系, 故由过去分词作定语。 长难句The earliest stone lions were sculpted at the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty with the introduction of Buddhism into ancient China.在东汉初,随着佛教传入古代中国,最早的石狮子被雕刻出来。 本句为简单句。句子使用了被动语态,at the beginning of...以及with短语在句中作状语。 高级语块 1.regard...as...把……当作…… 2.represent vt. 代表;象征 3.keep off使不接近
（1） In the United States, there were 222 people ____1____ (report) to be billionaires(亿万富翁) in 2003. The ____2_____ of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money ____3____ starting the company Microsoft. Mr. Gates was only 21 years old _____4____ he first helped to set up the company in 1976. He was a billionaire _____5___ the time he was 31. ____6____, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even ____7____ (young) ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. ____8____ of these child actors made over a million dollars ___9____ (act) in movies before they were 14. But ___10___ youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn und T axis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited (继承) a billion dollars when he turned 18! (2) Finishing their shopping at the mall, a couple discovered that their new car ____1_____ (steal) .They filed a report____2____ the police station and a detective drove them ____3____ to the parking lot to look for evidence. To their ____4____ (amaze), the car had been returned ___5____ there was a note in it that said: “I apologize for taking your car. My wife was having a baby and I had to rush her to the ____6_____. Please forget the inconvenience. There are two tickets ____7____ tonight's Mania Twain concert.” Their faith in humanity restored. The couple attended ____8____ concert. But when they returned home, they immediately found ____9______their house had been ransacked (洗劫). On the bathroom mirror was ____10_____ note: “I have to put my kid through college somehow, don't I?” (3) People _____1___ (live) in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred _____2_____ in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary, for example, contains four ___3___ five hundred thousand words. But we do not need ____4____ these. To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words. ____5_____ you leave school, you will learn only one thousand or more. The words you know are called your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary ______6___ (big). Read as many books as we can. There are a lot of books _____7____ (write) in easy English. You will enjoy them. When you meet _____8____ new word, look it ____9_____ in your dictionary. Your dictionary is your _____10_____ (much) useful book. (4) When you are in England you must be very careful in the streets ____1_____ the traffic drives on the left. Before you cross a street you must look to the right first _____2____ then the left. In the morning and in the evening when people go to or come from ____3____, the streets are very busy. Traffic is most ____4___ (danger) then. When you go by bus in England, you have to be careful, ____5____. Always
Exercise (建议用时：35分钟；实际用时：分钟) 阅读理解 How much television do you watch? Did you really give an honest answer? A recent study shows that people aren't totally truthful about their television－watching habits. The study in question was conducted at Ball State University in the US.Researchers there wanted to find out how much television people view according to their age.The study was paid for by a council associated with the Nielsen Company, which determines television ratings.The conclusions were that people spend more than 8 hours a day looking at a screen.This included cell phones and computers，but the majority were television screens. There are three interesting things about this study.The first is that people are exposed to more than one hour of advertisements per day.The second is that even with access to DVDs and internet videos, television is still the most popular media source.The third is that the amount of screen－watching people do is relatively the same from the ages of 18－65. So, if everyone is watching television, why lie about it? Well, if someone admits they watch television for five or six hours, they could be considered a couch potato.Michael Phillips, one of the study's main researchers, says, “There's a social stigma(污名) for people who watch too much television.Sometimes, however, watching the latest reality show or the funniest sitcom(即situation comedy) gives co－workers and friends fun things to talk about.” Even if you do watch a lot of television, perhaps we can use this study as a reason to be honest with ourselves about how much time we spend in front of the television.I mean, after all, everyone else is doing it… ( )1.Why do people lie about how much TV they watch? A．Because the show they watched is not the latest. B．Because they may be laughed at by co－workers or friends. C．Because they don't want others to know what they watched. D．Because there's something negative attached to watching too much TV. ( )2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the study?
语篇型语法填空解题技巧 根据四川高考教育改革方案，2016年英语考试将采用全国卷，届时将才用新题型 ---------语篇语法填空。现笔者根据自己的研习理解对该题型的答题提出一些有益建议。 一、语篇型语法填空题的题型特点 根据《大纲说明》，语篇型语法填空题的形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写的单词不得多于3个。考生须灵活运用语法知识，判断各 空白处应填写的内容。本题型材料贴近真实情景，上下文内容丰富，对考生精细阅读能力和语法运用能力要求较高，而且该题型在高考卷中所占的分值为15分，地位举足轻重。 语篇型语法填空包括短文体和对话体两种形式，命题分“无提示词”和“有提示词”两种题型。 1. 无提示词题型，即没有提示词的纯空格题型。一般有6个或7个小题，考查了代词、冠词、关联词（连词）和介词等] 2. 有提示词题型，即要求用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。一般有3个或4个小题，考查谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词或副词的比较级、词类转化等。 二、语篇型语法填空题的解题技巧 With nations in West Africa 1 (face) the biggest and most complex outbreak of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever in history, Top . health officials discussed 2 (far)aid with leaders from Liberia, Sierra Leone and Nigeria who are attending the Leaders Summit in Washington this week. There is no known cure for Ebola, 3 is spread through contact 4 bodily fluids and causes symptoms including fever, headaches, vomiting and diarrhea, and can lead to internal bleeding. Medical 5 (supply) and expertise are badly needed to combat a disease that at least 900 people have been killed and more than 1700 6 (infect) . Two Americans who contracted Ebola while working in a
语法填空 Passage 1 Mike: Sue, there you are. Have you got time for a little chat? Sue: Of course. What is it, Mike? Is something wrong? Mike: No, not really. Well, you remember Miguel who 1 ( stay) with us last summer? Sue：No. But I remember you telling me about him. He was fond of sightseeing, ___2___he? Mike: That’s right. Well, I got a letter from him this morning and he invited me____3___( spend) a holiday with his family this year. They get a big house on the river, and they’ve got a boat. Yo u know how crazy I am 4 boats. Sue:Mike, that’s great. 5 a wonderful chance for you! Mike: Yes, but it’s not that simple. Sue：What’s the problem? Mike: It’s Celia. You see, we 6 ( save) to go on a trip together this year. Sue: Ah, I see. You don’t want to disappoint her, of course. Mike:That’ s right. She’d be so upset. She’s really been doing all sorts of jobs in h er free time. She’s really been expecting a holiday. It seems so 7 (fair). Sue: Look, Mike. First, you must tell Celia about the 8 (invite). She’ll understand your problem. But why don’t you tell Miguel about the very plan______9____you have already made with Celia? 10 might even suggest a good way to settle the problem.
《高中英语语法填空》教学设计 一．教学目标 1.知识技能 （1）通过本课的学习使学生了解语法填空的常考考点和清晰的解题思路，掌握分析句子结构的方法。 （2）将句子语法结构分析和句子意义能有机结合去解题。 2.情感态度 通过将考点细分逐个突破鼓励学生打破“我不行”的心理暗示，提高学生学习的自信心。 3.能力目标 通过对考点的细分和总结让学生有更为清晰的解题思路。 二．重点 了解语法填空的常考点与解题思路，掌握分析句子结构的微技能。 三．难点 将句子语法结构分析和句子意义有机的结合去解题。 四．学生情况 学生掌握基本的语法知识。 五．教学与学习过程 Step1.介绍语法填空的要求 Step2.介绍语法填空的解题思路 1.纯空格试题 2.给出动词的试题 3.词类转换题 Step3.介绍语法填空的方法 1.根据句子结构，确定词性 2.根据上下文意义及语法，确定词性：冠词，代词，连词，介词，谓语动词，非谓语动词，词性变化。 Step4.纯空格试题 1.名词前设空：（1）冠词，形容词性物主代词，名词所有格，介词或 one,some,any,other等代词 （2）常用and,but,or,so等连词 （3）缺主语或宾语：名词，代词 Step5.给出了动词的试题 若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态和语态。 若是非谓语动词，用doing,done,to do等形式。 Step6.词类转换题 （1）转换为形容词（2）转换为名词（3）转换为副词Step7.其他常考类型 Step8.语法填空做题思路总结。 1.根据语法知识进行填空 2.根据逻辑关系进行填空 3.根据语片标志进行填空 Step9.Let’s practise 六作业：完成资料相关练习
高考英语语法填空题考点分析与解题技巧 语法填空题的设置是全国卷高考英语试题的一项创新，它将语法知识的考查置于一篇英语短文中，通过设置纯空格题填空和给词填空两种形式来表现，突出考查了学生通过语境运用语法知识的能力，更能客观、准确地考量学生的语法知识水平.此题虽然只有15分，占英语全卷分数的十分之一，但也是英语考卷的重要组成部分，不容忽视.要想此题有好的发挥，学好语法，注重运用必不可少，这是基础；了解考点，掌握解题技巧才是确保得分的关键. 一、语法填空题命题原则及考点分析. （一）命题原则： 1.短文题材：题材多样，或体现文化内涵、文化交往，或给人以启迪等. 2.短文长度：约200词，一般不超过12句话，设10个空，句首不设空. 3.短文难度：没有超出课标的生词，但有课标单词的派生词，此题考查考生在特定语境中语法的分析和运用能力. 4.考点设置：只能填一个词的纯空格题：设6-7个小题；用所给的词填空题：设3-4小题.纯空格题通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等词；给词填空通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级、此类转换等，答案可能是一个单词、两个单词或两个以上单词. 5.常常会出现所填词位于句首，目的是考查该单词的第一个字母要大写. （二）考点分析：语法填空题主要考查的是语法和上下文的连贯性，而语法是重点.它主要考查的内容为高中英语大纲要求的基本语法知识、词汇、习语和较为简单的英语表达方式的掌握情况.具体考点和命题特点如下： 1．每一个空格的设置都必定涉及到某一条或某几条语法规则，不会单纯考查单词的拼写和词组的用法. 【例1】In Greece women had little freedom.Wealthy women hardly left their houses,but they ___(allow) to attend weddings and some festivals. 【解析】因allow 与 they 在逻辑上是动宾关系，要用被动语态，用 be
2016-2018高考真题展示 Passage 1(2018课标全国Ⅱ) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Diets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 1 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 2 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 3 (actual)behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 4 (improve)water quality. Corn uses less water 5 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)run-off. This switch has decreased 6 (pollute)in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total7 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the govern- ment8 (start) a soil-testing program9 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放)of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 10 (feed)its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,”says the bank’s Juergen Voegele. 答案 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。自2011年以来,随着中国人的饮食结构的变化,在中国种植玉米的数量显著增加,而种植水稻的数量下降了。 1.has grown句意:自2011年以来,中国种植玉米的数量超过了水稻。本题考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中时间状语Since 2011可知,此处使用现在完成时,且主语为单数,故填has grown。 2.the句意:在过去的25年里,玉米的产量已经激增了将近125%,而水稻的产量只增长了7%。本题考查冠词。over the past 25 years在过去的25年里。 3.actually句意:对于肉类的喜爱实际上是这一变化背后的原因:中国的玉米有很重要的一个作用就是,用来饲养鸡、猪和牛。本题考查副词。此处需用副词作状语,故用actual的副词形式actually。 4.to improve句意:玉米产量增长的另一个原因是:政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来提高 水质。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。此处“提高水质”为鼓励农民种玉米的目的,故使用动词不定式作目的状语。 5.than句意:玉米用水量比水稻少,造成更少的化肥流失。本题考查介词。根据句中的less 可 知,此处表示比较,故使用介词than。 6.pollution句意:这种变化已经减少了中国主要湖泊和水库的污染,使人们的饮用水变得更 安全了。本题考查名词。空格处作decreased的宾语,故使用pollute的名词形式pollution。 7.global句意:根据世界银行的统计,中国占了全球化肥总消耗量的大约30%。本题考查形容词。空格处作fertilizer consumption的定语,故使用globe的形容词形式global。 8.started句意:中国农业部发现在2005年和2011年之间,化肥的使用减少了770万吨。2005年 政府启动了土壤检测项目,它向农民推荐特定的化肥。本题考查时态。关系副词when=in 200 5,由此可知此处使用一般过去时。
语篇型语法填空题的形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性（形容词，副词，名词，反义词）、动词时态、名词单复数、连接词、介词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。 一 One of my father's favorite 1 (say) as I was growing up was “Try it!” I couldn't say I didn't like something, 2 it might be, until after I tried it. Over the years I've come to realize how much of my success I owe to my 3 (accept) of those words as one of my values. My first job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I determined what I wanted to do as a career . 4 (actual) I believed I would work for a few years, get 5 (marry), stay home and raise a family, so I didn't think the job I took mattered that much. I couldn't 6 more mistaken. I mastered the skills of that 7 (begin) level position and I was given the opportunity (机会) to move up through the company into 8 (differ) positions. I accepted each new opportunity with the thought, “Well, I'll try it; 9 I don't like it I can always go back to my 10 (early) position.” But I was with the same company for the past 28 years. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 二 Mum: (putting on her coat) I have to go down to the shop for more bread. Alan: Why? Mum: I'm not sure what 1 (happen). I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table 2 I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because they're 3 (go). Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad. I'm sure he was in the kitchen 4 (early). Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished 5 (make) them, so he couldn't have done it. 6 , he couldn't carry a plate of sandwiches as well as all his tennis stuff, so I'm sure 7 wasn't him. Alan: (opening the fridge door) Well, it wasn't me. But Mum, look! Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of 8 fridge? Mum: Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I 9 (put) them in there when the phone rang. Oh, dear. I really must be losing my 10 . Now, why did I put on my coat? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
语法填空题型导学案 【课题】语法填空应试导练（第1课时） 【学习目标】 1. 理清句子结构的语法性和句子意义的逻辑性； 2. 能分清句子的构成成份（句子的基本成分和扩展成份）； 3. 明白句子成份之间的一致性（如：主谓一致、时态一致等）； 【学习重点】 根据上下文填入一个词（动、名、代、冠、介、连、形、副) 【学习难点】 谓语动词的时态及语态；非谓语动词用法及变形；词性的正确使用及转化。 【方法指导】 一、（见PPT） 1、题型再认识： 英语考试大纲说明样题 2、试题要求： 阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 3、试题特点： 07—12三年语法填空题的语篇材料均为故事类题材，文字浅易，篇幅不长（2 00词左右；07年197个词，08年179个词，09年198个词)，材料中没有生僻和超纲的词汇，句子结构也不很复杂。语法填空题的内容不仅涉及语法结构，还包括构词法、篇章连贯和意义对句子结构的制约作用。 4 前四类词用的较多, 且每年都不可缺少。 【预习导学】思考： 面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎样入手呢? （1）三步完成: 概读理解–分析填空–连贯检查 （2）了解语法：词法、句法、章法、惯用法 【学习内容】
一、预习情况反馈： Group A 考查点: 定冠词,不定冠词, 物主代词的用法 3. There once were a goat and a don key…. So the farmer killed [40]______ g oat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. (07惠州一模) 5.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was [35]____ shy , nervous perfectionist. (08深圳二模) 1.The little boy pulled [33]_______ right hand out of the pocket … (07深圳一模) 归纳: 无提示词; 可数名词单数之前(翻译法). Group B 考查点: 各类复合句中连词、引导词的用法 2. It was not long [39]_______ the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised at what she saw. (07深圳一模) 4. But nothing changed until midterm, [39]________ Mary Anne, a student tea cher, was appointed to our classroom. (08深圳二模) 归纳: 无提示词,两个主谓结构连接. Group C 考查点: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配 3. In short, I believe that it is [39] _______ great use to keep a dairy in Engl ish… (07深二模) 5. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back [34]_______t he girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever see n. (08深圳一模) 归纳: 无提示词, 与名词相连构成介宾短语做状语,补语等, 与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语. Group D 考查点: 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致 1. I was certain she would like it because I [39] _______ (tell) by my classm ates that she loved hot food. (07广州一模) 6. His fear of failure [36]________ (keep) him from classroom games that oth er children played with joyous abandon. (08深圳二模) 归纳: 有提示词, 与主语构成主谓结构. Group E 考查点: 非谓语动词及变形的使用 2. We must also consider the reaction of the person [32]__________ (receive) the gift. (07广州一模)
2021新高考英语语法填空专题解析及方法指导 I.题型研读 ◎命题宗旨 语法填空题于2014年首次出现在高考新课标英语试卷中，它标志着把英语基础知识放在一句话中做单项选择的时代的终结，标志着在语篇中考查语言基本功的时代已经到来。 ◎材料词数 短文体200词左右；对话体(广东卷)180词左右。 ◎命题方式 ＊提示词类 要求改变词的呈现形式(偶尔也可以不改) ＊纯空格类 要求填“小词”，指的是体型短小、实际含义不是很大、又不可或缺的词汇。如冠词、连词、介词、代词、副词、引导词、以及特殊句式中涉及到的小词。 ◎考查重点 词法、语法、句法、语篇 II. 语法填空题满分指南 ◎提示词类 1.动词的考点分布研究
a.做谓语 On my way to school, A boy on a bike caught(catch) my attention. It was(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. If the new students are accepted (accept),many universities will offer an instruction program for them to get to know the procedures. b.做非谓语 It took years of work to reduce (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. While there are amazing(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual. One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about being(be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and disappointed(disappoint). When she got home with her small but well chosen(choose) present in her bag, her parents were already at table having dinner. The bell rang again, and then she heard her letter-box being pushed(push) open. Generally speaking(speak),they can meet people’s needs very well. c.考查词性转换 ＊动词变成形容词 I was so excited that I couldn’t sleep last night. I fell asleep(sleep) at about two o’clock in the morning. Suddenly, all fear was gone(go) and I backed up and unlocked my car door.
语篇型语法填空解题技巧 一、语篇型语法填空的形式 在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容，所填写词语不得超过三个。 二、语篇型语法填空的测试点 主要包括动词时态、语态、情态动词、非谓语动词、名词、形容词、副词、连词、冠词、代词、介词、复合句、强调句、感叹句、倒装句、反意疑问句、省略句、定于从句的连接词和it 的用法等。 三、语篇型语法填空的解题思路 考生在对题目进行作答之前，要先对题干进行详细阅读，检查题目中是否有提示词语存在；而后判断出所填词语在句子中所充当的句子成分，例如，主语、谓语等；最后根据其所充当的句子成分，加之其所处句子的语态等，选择词语的正确形式，例如，动词的现在分词或者过去分词，或者形容词的比较或者最高级的使用等。 在句子中没有提示词或者标志词存在时，考生要根据句子中所填词语的位置，判断所填词语的词性，例如，连接词、定冠词或者不定冠词、代词或者介词等。定冠词以及不定冠词的位置通常在名词之前，起到对名词进行限制的作用。而代词则分为形容词性物主代词、名词性代词、指示代词和不定代词等。在运用介
词的时候，往往考查介词的固定搭配，其中包括动词、形容词等与介词的搭配。 语法填空的题目虽然难度相对较大，考查范围相对较广，考生失分现象较为严重，但是只要考生能够清楚地了解这类题目的命题特点和命题规律，掌握答题的技巧，在备考的过程中有针对性地多加练习，熟练语法的运用，及时对经验进行总结，加强在语篇情境下的语法应用能力，在考试中就能提高语法填空题的准确率，取得较为理想的成绩。 四、语篇型语法填空例题 例一、对话体 Mum: (putting on her coat) I am going to go down to the shop for more bread. Alan: Why? Mum: I am not sure what 1 (happen). I made some sandwic hes earlier and left them on the table 2 I went to answ er the phone. But someone must have taken them because they’re 3 (go). Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad. I’m sure he was in th e kitchen 4 (early). Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finis hed 5 (make) them, so he couldn't have done it. 6 , he