中华人民共和国海事局
2006年第3期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第41期)
科目：轮机英语试卷代号：806
适用对象：近洋航区750-3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮
（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）
答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题,
每题10分。
一、单项选择题
1. A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no ______.
A. cross-head
B. spark plug
C. connecting rod
D. cylinder
2.The abbreviation(缩写) "MIP" stands for ______.
A. middle indicating pressure
B. mean indicated pressure
C. mean indicated pitch
D. middle indicated power
3.Which of the listed conditions will affect the mean effective pressure the most in the cylinders of
a diesel engine?
A. TBN of the lubricating oil
B. Temperature of the lube oil
C. Completeness in the mixing of the fuel and air
D. Temperature of the cooling (sea) water
4.The most rapid period of fuel combustion occurring in a diesel cylinder should begin just before
the piston reaches top dead center and ______.
A. when fuel injection has been completed
B. when fuel vaporization has been completed
C. should continue through the afterburning period
D. should be completed after top dead center
5.The upper section of a piston is called the ______.
A. land
B. skirt
C. crown
D. plate
6.______arrangements have low temperature air and high temperature exhaust gas passing through
adjacent ports , causing temperature differential problems for the liner material.
A. Loop scavenge
B. Cross scavenge
C. Uniflow scavenge
D. Supercharge
7.The total air capacity for non-reversible main engines is to be sufficient for ______.
A. eight consecutive (连续的)starts
B. six consecutive starts
C. ten consecutive starts
D. twelve consecutive starts
8.Engine speeds at which resonance can occur are termed ______.
A. maximum speeds
B. full speeds
C. sea speeds
D. critical speeds
9.Which of the listed diesel engine operating conditions should be checked immediately after any
diesel engine is started?
A. Exhaust temperature
B. Lube oil level
C. Lube oil pressure
D. Water level in the expansion tank 10. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for ______.
A. friction clutches
B. disconnect clutches
C. reversing gears
D. reduction gears
11.Auxiliary boilers are divided into several classifications, one of which is ______.
A. water-tube supercritical circulation
B. water-tube forced circulation
C. fire-tube controlled circulation
D. fire-tube express circulation
12.Generating tubes in waste heat boilers are finned to ______.
A. reduce gas flow turbulence
B. prevent exhaust gas corrosion
C. increase the rate of combustion
D. increase the rate of heat transfer
13.If an operating auxiliary boiler has a water pH reading of 7, you should ______.
A. bottom blow the boiler
B. treat the water with caustic soda
C. treat the water with chemical scavengers
D. reduce the water alkalinity to recommended readings
14.Burner ignition failure in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler would be caused by ______.
A. a burned out solenoid in the oil supply valve
B. high temperature excess air
C. incorrectly setting the hot-well dump valve
D. an incorrectly positioned burner snubber(缓冲器)relay
15.When it becomes necessary to replace any tubes in a water-tube auxiliary boiler to eliminate leaks
at the tube seats, the replacement tubes should be ______.
A. stress relieved to ensure expansion when rolled
B. annealed to prevent cracking when rolled
C. fitted with a welded backing ring in the seat area
D. rolled, beaded, and seal welded around the bead edge
16. A positive displacement pump is that where the volume of the pump chamber is alternately
increased to ______and then decreased to ______.
A. draw the liquid in / force the liquid out
B. force the liquid out / draw the liquid in
C. suction/draw
D. deliver/outlet
17.Generally, centrifugal pumps operating without a positive suction head must be primed before
they will move liquid on their own. The priming is usually accomplished with a ______.
A. regenerative pump
B. rotating liquid piston pump
C. jet pump
D. turbine pump
18. A swing check valve is used in a pipeline to ______.
A. maintain a preset pressure on the line
B. closely regulate the amount of flow
C. relieve excessive pressure on the line
D. allow flow in one direction only
19.If the capacity of a centrifugal pump decreases gradually over a long period of time, you should
replace the ______.
A. packing gland
B. mechanical seals
C. lantern rings
D. wearing rings
20.In most pumps and pump motors, over-packing the ball bearings full of grease will result in
______.
A. moisture emulsification of the bearing grease
B. insufficient circulation and overheating of the bearing
C. proper grease circulation to cool the bearing
D. sliding friction between balls and races
21.An important consideration in selecting a lubricating oil for use in a refrigeration compressor is
for the oil to ______.
A. have a high viscosity index
B. mix readily with refrigerant
C. have a high freezing point
D. have a low pour point
22.The sensible heat of air is dependent upon the ______.
A. water vapor superheat
B. wet bulb temperature
C. saturation temperature
D. dry bulb temperature
23.If air at 95 ℃ dry bulb temperature and 50% relative humidity is conditioned to 75 ℃ dry bulb
temperature and 50% relative humidity, it is an example of ______.
A. cooling only
B. cooling and humidifying
C. cooling and dehumidifying
D. adiabatic （绝热的）cooling
24.Sludge may form in the crankcase of an air conditioning compressor as a result of ______.
A. bubbling refrigerant
B. overheating and oxidation
C. lowered operating temperatures
D. reducing the cloud or floc point
25.Oil water separators are used to ensure that ships don't discharge oil when pumping out _____.
A. ballast water
B. boiler water
C. bilge water
D. sewage water
26.When started, a complete oily water separating unit is first filled ______. The oily water mixture
is then pumped through the inlet pipe into the coarse separating compartment.
A. with dirty water
B. with clean water
C. by oily water
D. by mixed water
27.Which is the pollution prevention equipment?
A. booster pump
B. evaporator
C. incinerator
D. cooler
28.The ______is used to burn oil sludge.
A. clarifier
B. oil/water separator
C. incinerator
D. distiller
29.Most marine biological sewage treatment plants consist of all the following statements except
______.
A. aeration（通风） tanks
B. settling tanks
C. disinfection agent （消毒剂）
D. anaerobic bacteria（厌氧细菌）
30.In a purifier, the interface between the liquid seal and the oil should be positioned as close as
possible to ______.
A. the outlet of oil
B. the outlet of water
C. the bowl periphery
D. the center of bowl
31.The ______of the gravity disc is too big. It cause oil to flow through the water outlet. We
changed the disc and no oil is found in the water outlet.
A. gravity
B. diameter
C. circumference
D. cylinder
32.The condensers located in the various stages of a flash evaporator are cooled by ______.
A. distillate
B. seawater
C. brine
D. air
33.Why would a flash type distilling unit be more efficient when operated in cooler seawater
temperatures?
A. Steam carryover between stages is reduced.
B. Evaporator vacuum is increased.
C. The amount of available flash steam is decreased.
D. Feed-water flow from the feed-water heater is increased. 34.Among the basic categories （种类）of equipment, which of the following are used to allow the
hydraulic energy to be controlled?
A. hydraulic pumps
B. valves
C. hydraulic cylinders
D. hydraulic motors
35.In a radial piston pump, reversal and control of fluid flow are accomplished by moving the _____.
A. central valve
B. radial plunger
C. floating ring
D. cylinder body
36.Cargo handling unit is rated according to the ______to be lifted.
A. cargo crane
B. jib
C. safe working load
D. oil pressure
37.Overheating of the hydraulic fluid in an electro-hydraulic anchor windlass can result from a/an
______.
A. overload on the pump motor
B. low fluid level in the reservoir
C. low fluid viscosity around the shaft seal
D. high oil level in the sump
38.______ are used for hauling in or letting out the wires which fasten the ship to the shore.
A. Cargo winches
B. Cargo hatches
C. Windlasses
D. Mooring winches
39.Pressure in an operating hydraulic system is developed ______.
A. only by the pump as its primary function
B. by resistance to the fluid flow through the system
C. by the thermal input to the system's fluid
D. solely by the charge applied by the accumulators
40.One factor that determines the frequency of an alternator is the ______.
A. number of turns of wire in the armature coil
B. number of magnetic poles
C. strength of the magnets used
D. output voltage
41.The magnetic field is provided by electromagnets so arranged that adjacent poles have ______.
A. opposite polarity
B. the same polarity
C. negative polarity
D. positive polarity
42.Prior to closing the breaker when paralleling two AC generators, the recommended practice is to
have the frequency of the incoming machine ______.
A. slightly less than the line frequency
B. the same as the line frequency
C. slightly greater than the line frequency
D. have nothing to do with the line frequency
43.Which of the following should be the first step in removing a generator from parallel operation?
A. Trip the generator off the switchboard.
B. Turn off all electrical equipment.
C. Remove the load from the 'off going' generator.
D. Increase the cycles of the generator staying on the line.
44. A generator is prevented from becoming motorized by the use of a/an ______.
A. over-speed trip
B. reverse power relay
C. back pressure trip
D. governor controls
45.Current changing in direction and rising and falling in value is ___ .
A. D.C.
B. A.
C. C. generator
D. fresh water generator
46. A transformer in an electric circuit serves to ______.
A. generate its own electrical power
B. transform electrical energy into mechanical energy
C. increase or decrease circuit voltage as required
D. convert AC to DC
47.The emergency generator or emergency battery is connected to ______on most ships.
A. distribution boards
B. section boards
C. emergency switch boards
D. main switch boards
48.Electrical leads and insulation on a motor should be painted with ______.
A. heat-resisting acrylic
B. heat-resisting aluminum
C. insulating varnish
D. insulating white lead
49.An electrical device which prevents an action from occurring until all other required conditions
are met is called a/an ______.
A. limit
B. monitor
C. modulator（调节器）
D. interlock
50.Electric circuits are protected against short circuits by means of a/an _______.
A. diode(二极管)
B. amplifier
C. circuit breaker
D. capacitor（电容器）
51.When there is a fire in a large electric motor, normally the very FIRST step is to ______.
A. secure the electric supply
B. ventilate area to remove smoke
C. start the fire pump and lead out hose
D. apply foam
52."Stand by an engine" means ______.
A. "prepare to stop the engine"
B. "assemble an engine on its bedplate"
C. "make an engine ready for starting"
D. "dismantle an engine"
53.During UMS rounds, a duty engineer notices that the fuel oil overflow observation glass is full of
oil. Should he___.
A. stop all F.O. transfers immediately, and inform the chief engineer.
B. make a sounding of the F.O. overflow tank and decide if there is enough capacity to leave it
until the following morning.
C. call a motorman and have him sound the F.O. overflow tank periodically during the night.
D. start the F.O. purifier
54.Bridge orders must be ______and a record of any required changes in speed and direction should
be kept.
A. slowly carried away
B. carried out with a period of delay
C. promptly carried out
D. paid by the captain
55.One precaution to take prior to working in a freshly painted compartment where there are an
excessive amount of paint fumes, is to ______.
A. take shallow breaths of air
B. ventilate the area
C. wear a breathing apparatus while working
D. keep a charged fire hose handy
56. A class 'C' fire is burning ______.
A. diesel oil
B. magnesium
C. dunnage
D. electrical insulation
57.Convection spreads a fire as a result of ______.
A. transmitting the heat of a fire through the ship's metal
B. burning liquids flowing into another space
C. heated gases flowing through ventilation systems
D. the transfer of heat across an unobstructed space
58.While on watch in the engine room, you hear a continuous sounding of the general alarm. Which
of the following actions should you take?
A. Make an entry in the official logbook.
B. Open the master control valves on the fixed CO 2 system.
C. Start the fire pump and check discharge pressure.
D. Secure auxiliary condenser overboard discharge.
59. A fireman's outfit carried onboard cargo vessels, must have a ______.
A. canister-type gas mask
B. fresh-air breathing apparatus
C. self-contained breathing apparatus
D. combustible gas indicator
60.While loading bunkers, you notice oil on the water near the vessel. What should you do first?
A. Stop loading
B. Notify the harbor administration.
C. Determine if the vessel is the source of the pollution.
D. Start the main engine and put them in gear to disperse the spill.
61.During ______, the starting air valves should be closed to prevent the engine from turning.
A. overhaul
B. engine stand-by
C. blowing down
D. slow-turn start
62.Preventive maintenance (预防维修)_____.
A. should not be carried out during the watches.
B. can only be carried out in port.
C. is a kind of maintenances carried out prior to the occurrence（事故发生）
D. is a kind of maintenances carried out after the occurrence
63.The certificate for the refrigerating plant will ______soon. I'd like to extend its validation now.
A. update
B. finish
C. outdated
D. expire
64.Which of the following operations must be entered on the Oil Record Book Part I?
I. Routine discharge at sea of bilge water containing oil from the machinery spaces
II. Bunkering of fuel oil
A. I only
B. II only
C. both I and II
D. neither I nor II
65.“Inability to provide for the first watch at the commencement of a voyage and for subsequent
relievin g watches persons who are sufficiently rested and otherwise fit for duty.” is considered to be one of the detainable deficiencies under ______.
A. the SOLAS Convention
B. the MARPOL Convention
C. the STCW Convention
D. the LOAD LINE Convention
66.The fire drill must, as far as practicable, be conducted as if _____.
A. there is a minor emergency
B. there is an actual emergency
C. there were an actual emergency
D. there were a minor emergency
67.STCW78/95 Convention describes that ______are laid down for the certification of engineer
officers in charge of a watch in a traditionally manned engine room, or the designated engineer in
a periodically unmanned engine room.
A. available minimum requirements
B. available (可用的) maximum requirements
C. mandatory minimum requirements
D. mandatory（强制的maximum requirements
68.When the machinery spaces are in the periodic unmanned condition, ______shall be immediately
available and on call to attend the machinery space.
A. the chief engineer
B. the designated engineer from shipyard
C. the designated duty officer in charge of the engineering watch
D. the designated surveyor from classification society
69.The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ensure that all machinery involved with the
maneuvering of the ship can be immediately be placed in the manual mode of operation when notified that the ship is ______.
A. at anchor
B. at unsheltered anchorage（开敞锚地）
C. in congested（拥挤的） waters
D. in an open road-stead
70.According to the international regulations concerning the prevention of pollution of sea areas
from ships, the disposal into the sea of all plastics is ______.
A. welcome
B. admitted in some special sea areas
C. prohibited
D. acceptable
71.One of the methods NOT usually allowed in cleaning up oil spills in china is ______.
A. skimmers
B. straw
C. dispersants
D. sawdust
72.The main objective of the SOLAS Convention is to specify _____ for the construction, equipment
and operation of ships, compatible (一致的)their safety.
A. at most references
B. at least references
C. maximum standards
D. minimum standards
73.The requirements of the ISM Code may be applied to____ .
A. only oil tankers
B. only passenger ships
C. only containers
D. all ships
74.Each ship shall carry on board a ship security plan approved by______.
A. the chief engineer officer
B. the master of the ship
C. the manager of the company
D. the Administration
二. 关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）
While carbon dioxide is used in some extinguishers as an inert propellant the gas is also used extensively as a blanketing agent. In a carbon dioxide portable extinguisher, the carbon dioxide is in liquid form and is at a pressure of 6 bar at 20℃ , necessitating （迫使）a far stronger container. This type of extinguisher can only be recharged ashore. To check for leakage a record should be kept of the weight of the extinguisher. Alternatively the liquid level can be determined by using a special instrument which uses a radioactive（放射源） source and a Geiger-Muller counter to detect the
gas/liquid interface although this method is usually only used on large fixed CO 2 installation.
This could be lethal （致命的）if discharged accidentally in a confined space and for this reason this type of extinguisher in not allowed in the accommodation.
75. Which of the following statements is not true ?
A. Carbon dioxide is usually used as a propellant.
B. Carbon dioxide is usually used as an extinguishing gas.
C. If the carbon dioxide is used as a blanketing agent, it should be pressurized.
D. The carbon dioxide extinguisher can only be used ashore.
76. In what state is the carbon dioxide in the portable extinguishers?
A. powder
B. dry ice
C. liquid
D. gas
77. How do you detect the leakage of a carbon dioxide portable extinguisher?
A. to record gas pressure.
B. to measure its weight.
C. to measure its liquid level.
D. to monitor the radioactive source.
78. The reason that the carbon dioxid e extinguisher can’t be used in the accommodation is that
__________ .
A. carbon dioxide is a toxic gas
B. carbon dioxide is an inertial gas
C. there is a radioactive source in the extinguisher
D. it has no effect in a confined space.
三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）
79.（修理单）打开油水分离器，对内部进行清洁，然后进行15ppm警报试验。
80. (轮机日志)20点30分进入长江，重油换成轻油，海上速度换成港口速度。
1、(C)会使泵的允许吸上真空度增加的是： A. 降低大气压力 B. 增大泵内压降 C. 减少液体密度 D. 提高液体温度 2、(C)会使泵的允许吸上真空度降低的是： A. 增大大气压力 B. 减少泵内压降 C. 增大液体密度 D. 降低液体温度 3、(D)离心泵在实际工作中，当泵的流量小于设计流量时，两叶片间液体的相对速度： A. 将增加 B. 将减少 C. 为迎水面增加，背水面减少 D. 为迎水面减少，背水面增加 4、(C)离心泵在实际工作中，当泵的流量大于设计流量时，两叶片间液体的相对速度： A. 将增加 B. 将减少 C. 为迎水面增加，背水面减少. 为迎水面减少，背水面增加 5、(A)为获得较大的离心泵压头，不可能的途径是： A. 提高叶轮的出口a2 B. 减小叶轮的出口a2 C. 增大叶轮外径 D. 增加转速 6、(B)为获得较大的离心泵压头，可能的途径是： A. 提高叶轮的出口a2 B. 减小叶轮的出口a2 C. 减小叶轮外径 D. 降低转速 7、(D) 当离心泵输送液体粘度增加时，_____ 不会增加。 A. 流阻 B. 圆盘摩擦损失 C. 沿程摩擦损失 D. 冲击损失 8、(B) 当离心泵输送液体粘度增加时，_____ 损失会增加。 A. 冲击 B. 圆盘摩擦损失 C. 泄漏 D. 涡流 9、(A) 蜗壳式离心泵，其流量大于额定流量时，泵内液体压力变化规律为： A. 从泵舌处至扩压管逐渐下降 B. 从泵舌处至扩压管逐渐上升 C. 一样 D. 不一定 10、(B) 蜗壳式离心泵，其流量小于额定流量时，泵内液体压力变化规律为： A. 从泵舌处至扩压管逐渐下降 B. 从泵舌处至扩压管逐渐上升 C. 一样 D. 不一定 11、(A)当比转数同为10?40时，旋转泵效率_____ 心泵。 A. 略高于 B. 略低于 C. 远高于 D. 远低于 12、(B) 当比转数大于40时，以下说法对的是： A. 离心泵效率略高于旋转泵 B. 离心泵效率远高于旋转泵 C. 离心泵效率略低于旋转泵 D. 离心泵效率远低于旋转泵 13、(D) 在高压头的喷射泵中，主要的能量损失发生在： A. 喷嘴 B. 吸入室 C. 混合室 D. 扩压室 14、(C) 中、低压头的喷射泵中，主要的能量损失发生在： A. 喷嘴 B. 吸入室 C. 混合室 D. 扩压室 15、(A)圆柱形混合室喷射泵与圆锥形混合室喷射泵相比，_______ 。 A. 前者效率较低 B. 后者效率较低 C. 前者用在高扬程 D. 后者用在中、低扬程 16、(A) 高比转数离心泵的叶片数 ___ 。 A. 少 B. 多 C. 没有规定 D. 视叶轮大小而定 17、(B) 低比转数离心泵的叶片数 ___ 。 A. 少 B. 多 C. 没有规定 D. 视叶轮大小而定
中华人民共和国海事局 2006年第3期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第41期) 科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805 适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮 （本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟） 答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。 一、单项选择题 1. A diesel engine is similar to a gasoline engine except that the former has no ______. A. cross-head B. spark plug C. connecting rod D. cylinder 2. A diesel engine which is rated for normal operation at a crankshaft speed of 800 RPM, is commonly classed as a ______. A. slow-speed diesel B. medium-speed diesel C. high-speed diesel D. constant-speed diesel 3.Which of the diesel engine components listed increases air density and helps to improve engine operating efficiency? A. Impeller B. Compressor C. After-cooler D. Exhaust diffuser 4.For a given size engine, the two-stroke/cycle diesel engine will deliver more power than a four- stroke/cycle diesel engine because ______. A. it has a longer power stroke B. more air gets into the cylinder each stroke C. it develops twice as many power strokes at the same speed D. higher combustion pressure is developed 5.The intake valves in a diesel engine are reseated by ______. A. cam followers B. push rods C. combustion gases D. valve springs 6.According to the way the energy of the exhaust gases is utilized, pressure-charging can be divided into two main systems, namely, the constant-pressure system and ______. A. the pulse-phase system B. the pulse Doppler system C. the pulse system D. the pulse interval system 7.An over-speed safety device is usually fitted to a generator engine for______in the event of over- speed. A. cutting power off the engine B. increasing the fuel pump setting C. braking the crankshaft D. stabilizing the ship speed 8.What preventative maintenance should be done frequently to diesel engine starting air receivers? A. Drain the accumulated moisture. B. Test the relief valves. C. Watch the temperature to prevent fluctuations in pressure. D. Clean the interior to remove oil and foreign matter. 9.Immediately after any diesel engine is started, the engineer should check the ______. A. crankcase pressure B. lube oil pressure C. seawater pressure D. exhaust temperature 10. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for ______. A. friction clutches B. disconnect clutches C. reversing gears D. reduction gears 11.In motor ship, ______is often used to recover some of the heat carried in the exhaust gases from the main engine. A. an diesel oil heater B. a waste heat boiler C. a fresh water generator D. a donkey boiler 12.An exhaust gas bypass is installed on a waste heat boiler in order to ______. A. bypass exhaust gas at high loads to prevent excessive back pressure B. bypass a portion of the exhaust gas at peak loads for better efficiency C. recycle exhaust gas to the turbocharger D. minimize moisture condensation in the boiler gas passages at low loads 13.Prior to lighting off a cold automatically fired auxiliary boiler, you should ______. A. check and regulate the water level B. close the air cock once fires are lit C. blow down the gage glass D. assure protective steam flow 14.Flame failure in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler can mostly result from a/an ______. A. incorrect electrode setting B. incorrect nozzle position C. clogged fuel nozzle D. broken high tension lead 15.Waterside scale in a fire-tube boiler may cause ______. A. increased heat transfer B. fireside erosion C. high steam demand D. overheated tubes 16.Which of the following will be the advantage of a centrifugal pump as compared with a reciprocating pump? I. Its discharge is continuous; II. It has no internal valves; III. Upon accidental closing of discharge valve, excessive pressure will not build up A. I, II B. II, III C. I, II, III D. II only 17.Why are removable sleeves installed on centrifugal pump shafts? A. They make it easier to replace the pump shaft packing. B. They can be economically replaced as they wear out. C. They can be removed when it is necessary to lighten the weight of the pump. D. They increase the strength of the shaft. 18.If one of the bilge system manifold valves does not properly seat, the ______. A. bilge well connected to that valve, plus the second bilge well being pumped will be completely emptied B. bilge system will lose vacuum and prevent the other bilges from being pumped out C. bilge well aft connected to that valve will siphon(虹吸) its contents to the forward bilge wells D. discharge pressure will be too high. 19.Which of the listed statements is correct concerning the starting of centrifugal pumps? A. They should always be started with the discharge valve closed. B. They should always be started with the discharge valve opened. C. A priming pump is always required to flood the impeller suction. D. They should always be started with the sealing line valves closed. 20.The simplest method to use for determining if a centrifugal pump is operating as designed, is to ______. A. closely observe the pump discharge temperature B. close off the discharge valve, and watch for a rise in pressure C. momentarily close off the suction valve, and watch for a rise in pressure D. use a clamp on ammeter and compare the readings to past records
船舶辅机题库 船用泵基础知识 1. 泵的扬程大，不一定________就大。 A．克服吸、排管路阻力的能力B．能吸上液体的高度 C．能克服的吸、排液面压差D．能排送液体的高度 2. 下列泵中属于容积式泵的是________。 A．往复泵B．旋涡泵C．喷射泵D．离心泵 3. 关于泵的下列说法中不准确的是________。 A．泵的转速即为原动机转速 B．泵的扬程通常大于能使液体上升的高度 C．泵的工作扬程即为泵的排、吸口能头之差 D．泵的流量通常标注单位时间排送液体体积 4. 泵铭牌上标注的流量通常是________。 A．单位时间排送液体的重量B．单位时间排送液体的质量 C．单位时间排送液体的体积D．泵轴每转排送液体的体积 5. 泵铭牌上标注的流量是指________流量。 A．实际排送的B．可能达到的最大 C．额定工况的D．最低能达到的 6. 锅炉汽压为0.5 MPa，其水位比热水井水位高2 m，其给水泵排压为0.55 MPa，吸压为 -0.05 MPa，则该泵管路阻力约为________（设1 MPa≈100 m水柱高）。 A．2 m B．3 m C．8 m D．10 m 7. 某水泵吸、排管径和压力表高度相同，工作时吸入压力为-0.05 MPa，排出压力为0.55 MPa，其工作扬程约为________（设1 MPa≈100 m水柱高）。 A．60 m B．55 m C．50 m D．铭牌标示扬程 8. 锅炉汽压为0.5 MPa（≈51 m水柱高），其中水位距热水井液面高为2 m，锅炉给水泵的 管路阻力以泵静扬程10%计，其工作扬程约为________。 A．2 m B．51 m C．53 m D．58.3 m 9. 某水泵运行时进口压力为0.05 MPa，排出口压力为0.25 MPa，则水泵的扬程约为 ________（设1 MPa≈100 m水柱高）。 A．20 m B．25 m C．30 m D．35 m 10. 当泵的工作管路和吸、排液面高度既定时，泵工作正常时工作扬程与________无关。 A．泵的流量B．排出阀开度C．排出液面压力D．几何吸高 11. 泵在系统中的工作扬程与________无直接关系。 A．额定扬程B．排出液面压力C．泵的流量D．吸入液面真空度 12. 泵的轴功率是指________。 A．原动机的额定输出功率B．泵传给液体的功率 C．泵轴所接受的功率D．泵实际排出的液体在单位时间所增加的能量 13. 流量既定且均匀时，泵的吸入压力基本上不受________影响。 A．吸上高度B．吸入液面压力C．吸入管直径D．泵的型式 14. 泵的有效功率是指________。 A．原动机的额定输出功率B．泵传给液体的功率 C．泵轴所接受的功率D．泵实际排出的液体在单位时间所增加的能量
ICU“三管监测”培训考核 科室：姓名： 一、单选题 1、留置导尿管感染控制措施错误的是：( ) A、严格执行留置导尿管的适应症，只有在必须时才能使用，并尽早拔除。 B、不使用抗菌药物作连续膀胱冲洗预防感染。 C、集尿袋应高于膀胱水平。 D、定期作病原学检查。 2、发生医院内尿路感染最常见的诱因是（） Ａ、长期卧床Ｂ、留置导尿管Ｃ、膀胱冲洗Ｄ、膀胱内注射 3、院内尿路感染中，与长期留置导尿管的相关者占？（） A、70% B、80% C、90% D、100% 4、有关最大无菌屏障是指？（） A、洗手 B、无菌隔离衣及无菌手套 C、大的无菌单覆盖 D、以上皆是 5、病人经血管介入性操作后，发热＞380C，局部有压痛、无其它原因可解释，临床可诊断为：（） A、输血相关感染 B、局部感染 C、血管相关性感染 D、败血症 6、紧急状态下血管导管置管，若不能保证有效的无菌原则，应当在（）小时内尽早拔除导管。（） A 12 B 24 C 48 D 36 7、呼吸机相关肺炎是指无肺部感染的病人，在入院（）小时后并发的肺部感染。
A 12 B 24 C 36 D 48 8、以下哪项不属于V AP的危险因素。（） A 误吸 B 静脉营养 C COP D D 应用抗酸药物或H2受体阻滞剂 9、半卧体位是防止口咽部分泌物的吸入的重要措施，气管插管病人预防V AP半卧体位应采取（）为宜。 A 15～25度 B 20～35度 C 30～45度 D 35～55度 10、保护胃粘膜特性为预防V AP手段之一，以下哪项无助于保护胃粘膜特性。（） A 尽可能的给予肠内营养 B 使用PPI，预防消化道出血 C 使用硫糖铝来预防应激性溃疡的发生 D 对于重症患者，要保持抗休克及低氧血症与降低V AP发生率的平衡 二、多选题 1、预防泌尿道感染的措施包括（） A．严格掌握导尿指征，减少不必要的导尿； B．导尿时无菌操作，留置尿管采用封闭式无菌引流； C．保持尿液引流通畅，尽量缩短尿管留置的时间； D．对长期卧床、慢性疾病、免疫功能低下的病人，要提高机体的抵抗力；E．做好会阴部护理。 2、下列哪些情况不应当进行置管操作（） A 患疖肿、湿疹等皮肤病的医务人员 B 患感冒、流感等呼吸道疾病的医务人员 C 携带或感染多重耐药菌的医务人员 D 主治医师以下的临床医师
第二部分安全生产管理习题 一、单项选择题与答案 每小题有4个备选答案，在4个选项中，只有1个是正确答案。 1．安全生产管理是实现安全生产的重要( )。 A．作用 B．保证 C．依据 D．措施 正确答案：B 2．安全是( )。 A．没有危险的状态 B．没有事故的状态 C．舒适的状态 D．生产系统中人员免遭不可承受危险的伤害 正确答案：D 3、( )年，建设部要求全国四级以上施工企业要在所属的施工现场开展安全达标活动。 A．1981 B．1985 C．1991 D．1995 正确答案：C 4、( )年，建设部《建筑安全生产监督管理规定》要求
地区和县以上城市成立建筑安全监督机构。 A．1985 B．199l C．1995 D．1998 正确答案：B 5．《关于学习和推广上海市文明工地建设经验的通知》是( )年由建设部发出。 A．1994 B．1995 C．1996 D．1997 正确答案：C 6．我国安全生产的方针是( )。 A．安全责任重于泰山 B．质量第一、安全第一 C．管生产必须管安全 D．安全第一、预防为主正确答案：D 7．( )将“安全第一、预防为主”规定为我国安全生产管理的基本方针。 A．劳动法 B．产品质量法 C．安全生产法 D．刑法 正确答案：C 8．《建设部关于贯彻落实国务院(关于进一步加强安全生产工作的决定)的意见提出，到( )年，全国建筑系统安全生产状况稳定好转，死亡人数和建筑施工百亿元产值死亡率有一定幅度的下降。
A．2005 B．2007 C．2010 D．2020 正确答案B 9．《建设部关于贯彻落实国务院(关于进一步加强安全生产工作的决定)的意见提出，力争到( )年，全国建设系统安全生产状况实现根本性好转，有关指标达到或者接近世界中等发达国家水平。 A．2005 B．2007 C．2010 D．2020 正确答案：D 10．( )监督，是“群众监督”最基本的监督形式。 A．新闻 B．工会 C．职工代表大会 D．行政 正确答案：B 11．依据《建设工程安全生产管理条例》，施工单位应当设立安全生产( )机构，配备专职安全生产管理人员。 A．检查 B．监督 C．监理 D．管理 正确答案：D 12、垂直动输机械作业人员、安装拆卸工、爆破作业人员、起重信号工、登高架设作业人员等特种作业人员，必须按照国家有关规定经过（），并取得特种作业操作资格证书后，方可上岗作
三管轮考试 集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-
中华人民共和国海事局 2006年第2期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题 (总第40期) 科目：轮机工程基础试卷代号：822 适用对象： 750KW及以上船舶二/三管轮（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分， 考试时间为100分钟） 答题说明：本试卷试题均为单项选择题，请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡 要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。每题1分，共100分。 1. 装配图中，运动极限位置轮廓线应用 ______线表示，而相邻辅助零件轮廓线应 用______线表示。 A.双点划/双点划 B.点划/双点划 C. 双点划/虚划 D.双点划/点划 2. 物体的三视图是一个物体的三面投影，简 单来说，就是： A.高对正、长平齐、宽相等 B.长相 等、高平齐、宽相等 C.高对正、宽平齐、长相等 D.长对 正、高平齐、宽相等 3. 物体在正立投影面（Ｖ）上的投影，称为 ______。 A.主视图 B.俯视图 C.左视图 D.侧视图 4. 关于三视图中的主视图，说法正确的是： A.表示物体的正面形状投影，反映了物体的 长度和高度 B.表示物体的顶面形状投影，反映了物体的 长度和宽度 C.表示物体的左面形状投影，反映了物体的 高度和宽度 D.表示物体的底面形状投影，反映了物体的 长度和宽度 5. 在三视图中，物体的后面对应于左视图的 ______。 A.上方 B.下方 C.左侧 D.右侧 6. 投影面的平行面中，不包括______。 A.水平面 B.侧平面 C.正平面 D.正垂面7. 在三投影面体系中，若物体上的直线垂直 于水平面，则该直线为______，在______ 投影为反映实长的竖线。 A.铅垂线/侧立面 B.水平线/正立面 C. 侧垂线/水平面 D.铅垂线/水平面 8.若图样上机件的线性尺寸是实际机件相应 线性尺寸的1/5，则在标题栏中的比例标 注应是： 9. A. 5：1 B. 1：5 C. 1/5 D. 5 比1 10.根据下图给出的主视图和左视图，选择正 确的俯视图。 11. 10. 根据下图所示的主视图和俯视图，选择正 确的左视图。 11. 根据下图所示的左视图和俯视图，选择正 确的主视图。 12. 设正四棱柱的顶面是水平面，若截平面是 正垂面，且不同时通过顶面和底面，则其 截交线的俯视图不可能为______。 A.三角形 B.四边形 C.五边形 D.六边形 13. 国家标准规定的图纸幅面中，______最 大，______最小。 A. A5/A1 B. A5/A0 C. A1/A5 D. A0/A5 14. 根据下图所示的立体图，指出其正确的三 视图。
中华人民共和国海事局 2007年第1期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第42期) 科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805 适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮 （本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟） 答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。 一、单项选择题 1.The ______engine is used for alternators and some times for main propulsion with a gearbox to provide a propeller of between 90 to 120 rpm. A. four-stroke B. two-stroke C. slow speed D. reversible 2.The discharge flow of a reciprocating pump is ______. A. steady B. in pulsation C. continuous D. large 3.The cetane number of a diesel fuel oil indicates its ______. A. viscosity B. acid content C. heating value D. ignition quality 4.Always ensure that the turning gear is______, even at the quay, the wave from other ships may turn the propeller and thus the engine. A. disengaged B. engaged C. assembled D. disassembled 5.Camshafts are usually driven by timing gears or ______. A. push rods B. chain drives C. rocker arms D. flywheels 6.The cylinder oil is pumped into the cylinder (via non-return valves) when the piston rings pass the lubricating orifices, during______. A. the upward stroke B. the downward stroke C. the power stroke D. the suction stroke 7.The total starting air capacity required for reversible main engines is to be sufficient for a least ______. A. six consecutive(连续的) starts B. eight consecutive starts C. ten consecutive starts D. twelve consecutive starts 8. A dirty diesel engine oil filter element can best be detected by ______. A. visual inspection of the elements B. the pressure drop across the filter C. high lube oil sump temperature D. decrease in oil viscosity from the filter 9.Before a marine diesel engine is started the cylinders and pistons must be ______. A. cooled to appropriate temperature B. warmed up gradually to appropriate temperature C. opened up and renewed D. ground and polished 10. A controllable pitch propeller on a diesel driven vessel eliminates the need for ______. A. friction clutches B. disconnect clutches C. reversing gears D. reduction gears 11.The maximum pressure developed by a waste heat boiler is determined by the main engine exhaust ______. A. gas composition B. gas temperature C. pressure D. timing 12.______continuously extract the crankcase atmosphere, via a pipe system, and move it past a sensitive and accurate opacity (不透明)measuring track. A. The oil mist detectors B. The smoke detectors C. An oily water monitor D. Oil discharge monitoring and controlling system 13.The water in a steaming auxiliary boiler should be tested daily for ______. A. dissolved oxygen B. chlorides C. sludge D. dissolved nitrogen 14. A firebox explosion in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler may be the result of ______. A. excessive purging before lighting off B. insufficient trail for ignition period C. a faulty transformer in the ignition circuit D. insufficient purging after lighting off 15. A feed pump for an auxiliary boiler might lose suction if the ______. A. boiler water level is low B. feed-water is too hot C. boiler steam demand is low D. feed-water is too cold 16.The gear and screw pumps are classified as______. A. variable stroke pumps B. multistage pumps C. positive displacement pumps D. triple-ported pumps 17.The pressure of a liquid leaving the pump can be referred to as the ______. A. total head B. discharge head C. net positive suction head D. suction head 18.Which of the valves listed will be cycled from fully open to fully closed when the handle is turned 90 degree? A. A rising stem gate valve B. A globe stop valve C. A check valve D. A butterfly valve 19. A pump shaft that is bent or distorted should normally be ______. A. repaired by a suitable welding process B. straightened by applying heat and torsion C. reconditioned by metallizing and machining D. replaced with a satisfactory spare 20. A centrifugal pump may fail to deliver water when first started if the ______. A. water seal pipe is plugged B. pump is not primed C. seal ring is improperly located D. impeller is flooded 21.Which of the following conditions must exist for heat to flow from one object to another? A. The two objects must be in physical contact. B. The two objects must be the same size. C. There must be an existing temperature differential. D. There must be an existing weight differential. 22.The dew point of air is reached when the wet bulb temperature is ______. A. twice the dry bulb temperature B. 10℃ above the dry bulb temperature C. 5℃ above the dry bulb temperature D. equal to the dry bulb temperature 23.If air at 95 ℃ dry bulb temperature and 50% relative humidity is conditioned to 75 ℃ dry bulb temperature and 50% relative humidity, it is an example of ______.
试题（项目管理） 一、判断题 1.架桥机架设箱梁时，五级以上大风环境下不得架梁。（） 答案：× 2.客专线使用的CRTSⅡ型板式轨道板是由CRTSⅠ型板式轨道板演 变而来的一种新型无砟轨道板。（） 答案：× 3.集团公司在建工程项目对外部劳务队伍实行准入证制度，对准入 证的审核实行工程开工前一次审核通过。（） 答案：× 4.板式无砟轨道标准板混凝土浇筑时应采用侧振方式进行振捣。（） 答案：× 5.营业线施工分为天窗作业和非天窗作业.( ) 答案：× 6.台阶法一般适用于Ⅲ～Ⅴ级较软或节理发育的围岩的隧道开挖。 ( ) 答案：× 7.国内外普遍采用压实度来表示路基承载能力，其值越大，承载能 力越大，反之越小。（） 答案：× 8.铁路工程Ⅰ类变更设计中重大方案变更须报集团公司技术中心审 核，定稿后报集团公司工程管理中心核备。（）
答案：√ 9.工程项目质量控制因素包括：人员、材料、机械、方法、环境。 （） 答案：√ 10.项目管理中最重要的任务是进度控制。（） 答案：× 11.根据国务院发布的《特种设备安全监察条例》，电焊机属于特种设 备。（） 答案：× 12.在人口稠密地区进行强噪声作业时，须严格控制作业时间，一般 在晚10点至次日6点之间停止作业。（） 答案：√ 13.项目管理工作中，安全控制的主要对象是作业人员。（） 答案：× 14.国家安全生产基本方针是“安全第一，以人为本”。（） 答案：× 15.安全生产管理必须把握好“六关”：措施关、交底关、教育关、防 护关、检查关、改进关。（） 答案：√ 16.施工中必须执行“四不伤害”制度内容包括：不伤害自己、不伤 害别人、不被别人伤害、监督别人不伤害他人。（） 答案：√
2008年第6期海船船员适任统考试题（总第46期） 科目：轮机维护与修理试卷代号：873 1．滑油变质，柴油机主轴承的轴承合金烧熔的故障属于——故障。 A．管理性B．突发性C．磨损性D．渐进性 2．船机磨损故障期的特点是 A．故障率低B、故障率随时间延长而增加 C．时间较长D．故障率随时间延长而降低 3．全寿命维修的核心思想是要求产品在————所耗费用最少。 A．全寿命周期内B．使用过程C。修理阶段D．研制过程 4．船舶机械有计划保养系统PMS对耐用型设备、低值设备、非生产型设备采用A．定时维修方式B．事后维修方式 C．定期维修十视情维修D。视情维修方式 5．按规定周期结合坞内检验和保持船级的“年度检验”进行的检验修理是——。 A．小修B．航修C．检修D．大修 6．为了减小摩擦与磨损．可在摩擦副间加入某种物质，使摩擦阻力降低的措施称之为。 A润滑B．摩擦C。磨损D．摩擦学 7 船舶机器在实际运转中，在、工况时摩擦副难以实现或保持液体动压润滑。 A．起动B．起动、停车C．低速运转D．高速运转 8．利用摩擦表面的相对运动产生楔形油膜或挤压油膜来承受外部载荷并隔开摩擦表面，这种润滑称为 A．流体动压润滑B．流体静压润滑C．强力润滑D．油脂润滑 9．摩擦表面间的机械作用主要表现形式是 I、变形11、剪切Ill、挤压Ⅳ、拉伸V、弯曲 AⅡ＋ⅢBⅠ+Ⅱ+Ⅲ．C.Ⅰ+Ⅲ+ⅣD．Ⅰ＋Ⅲ＋IV＋V 10．在摩擦过程中，运动副工作表面上的氧化膜不断地脱落使运动副零件金属损失的现象是一种磨损。 A腐蚀B．微动C．疲劳D．化学 11．影响船机零件磨粒磨损的主要因素有 A磨粒B．摩擦副材料C．润滑油粘度D．磨粒和摩擦副材料 12．柴油机正常运转时气缸套与活塞环的摩擦表面间可能产生的磨损类型有一。 I、粘着磨损Ⅱ、腐蚀磨损Ⅲ、磨粒磨损IV、疲劳磨损V、微动磨损 A．1＋11＋111．B.Ⅰ＋Ⅱ＋ⅤC．Ⅰ＋ⅢD．Ⅰ十Ⅳ＋V 13．燃油中含有较高的————是引起气缸套产生磨粒磨损的重要原因。 A钒钠含量B．铝硅含量C．硫含量D．灰分含量 14．下图为气缸套磨损后的纵截面形状和磨损示意图，其中属于异常磨损的有 A.（b）、（e）、（f）B．（b）、（e）、（f）、（g） C．（a）、（b）、（c）、（d）D．（b）、（）、（d）、（e）、（f）、(g) 15.磨合时，气缸润滑油的碱值越高，发生拉缸的概率 A越大B．越小C．为零D．100％ 16．为了减少船舶柴油机气缸套磨损，在日常管理中应保证气缸良好润滑条件，并Ⅰ、加强气缸油品质的选择和净化处理Ⅱ、控制气缸套的壁温Ⅲ、定时定量供油 Ⅳ、保证气缸套磨合运转符合要求V、保证气缸油的碱值与燃油匹配 A．Ⅰ＋Ⅱ＋ⅢB．Ⅰ＋Ⅱ＋ⅤC．Ⅰ＋Ⅲ＋ⅤD．Ⅰ十Ⅳ十Ⅴ17．柴油机正常运转时，连杆大端轴承与曲柄销颈之间形成润滑状态。 A．边界B．流体动压C．流体静压D．混合 18．柴油机正常运转期间，主轴承轴瓦烧熔通常是由于 A．材质不佳B．滑油中含水C，滑油品质稍差D．螺栓预紧力过大19．柴油机曲轴采用钢质材料，轴瓦瓦村选用轴承合金，这种材料匹配主要是为了减少 A磨粒磨损B．粘着磨损C．腐蚀磨损D．疲劳磨损 20．高温腐蚀是属于腐蚀。 A．电化学B．化学C．宏观D．微观 21．依金属腐蚀过程的特点分为腐蚀和腐蚀。 A金属／非金属B．化学／电化学C．全面／局部D．均匀／不均匀22．柴油机燃烧室零件发生高温腐蚀的条件除了燃用重油外，主要还有A零件温度高B．冷却水温度过低C．润滑不良D．零件材料差23．防止化学腐蚀的措施，正确的是 A．安装锌块B．涂覆盖层保护C．电化学保护D．进行介质处理24．金属与含氧量不同的介质接触，在氧浓度较高处金属的电极电位较为极。 A．低／阳B．低／阴C．高／阳D．高／阴 25．金属材料由于表面膜不完整，在电解质溶液中发生腐蚀。 A．化学B．宏观电化学C．微观电化学D．电偶 26．黄铜制件在酸性溶液或盐溶液中的脱锌是腐蚀。 A宏观电化学B．电偶C．应力D．微观电化学 1
中华人民共和国海事局 2006年第1期航行于长江干线船舶船员适任证书全国统考试题（总第07期） 科目：船舶辅机试卷代号：2208 适用对象：二等船舶三管轮 (本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为60分，考试时间100分) 答题说明：本试卷试题为单项选择题和是非题，请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑,每题1分，共100分。 一、单项选择题 1. 泵的排出压力为1MPa，它能将水输送至大约______米高度。 A. 1 B. 10 C. 100 D. 1000 2. 泵的吸入压力（P S），饱和蒸汽压力（P V）泵不发生汽饱的条件是______。 A. P S＞P V B. P S＜P V C. P S＝P V D. P S≥P V 3. 小型往复泵经常使用夹布胶木作活塞环，安装前必须注意的问题是： A. 不得用热水浸泡 B. 用热水浸泡使之发胀 C. 必须用滑油浸泡 D. 必须用细砂纸打磨 4. 解决往复泵排量脉动较为经济实用的办法是______。 A. 采用多作用泵 B. 采用多缸泵 C. 增加泵的转速 D. 设置空气室 5. 电动往复泵一般情况下均采用40号机油润滑，工作时滑油温度的最高值为______。 A. 70℃ B. 60℃ C. 50℃ D. 80℃ 6. 往复泵泵缸内发生异响的原因不包括______。 A. 活塞松动 B. 缸内有异物 C. 安全阀跳动 D. 活塞环断裂 7. 齿轮泵运行中吸入管漏气是产生噪声的主要原因，可用______的方法检查漏气点。 A. 煤油白粉法 B. 烛火法 C. 涂油法 D. 手触摸法 8. 齿轮泵的旋转方向箭头不清，如何判断吸、排油方向？ A.根据泵的吸、排管路来决定 B.根据泵的主、从齿轮旋转方向和吸、排口直径的大小判定 C.根据油箱的位置来决定 D.根据泵的安装地点来估定 9. 齿轮泵在起动和运行中，管理者应注意的是：①保持吸入系统清洁畅通，防止堵塞②起 动前应确保泵内有油③机械轴封必须一滴不漏④起动前必须先开足吸入、排出截止阀A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 10. 当齿轮泵的轴向间隙超过规定值时，应采用的方法是______。 A. 增加泵体与端盖的垫片调节 B. 连接螺栓的松紧度调节 C. 减少泵体与端盖的垫片调节 D. 磨削齿轮端面来调节 11. 冬季起动螺杆泵时，为防止电机过载，而起动前应该： A. 开足排出阀，关闭吸入阀 B. 开足吸入阀，关闭排出阀 C. 开足吸入阀、排出阀、旁通阀 D. 开足旁通阀，关闭吸入阀、排出阀12. 测量叶片泵轴向（端面）间隙的正确方法是______。 A. 压铅法 B. 观察法 C. 比较法 D. 塞尺测量法 13. 水环泵是属于______。 A. 叶轮式泵 B. 往复式容积泵 C. 回转式容积泵 D. 喷射泵 14. 拆检水环泵时，特别注意叶轮和侧盖间的端面间隙，其值一般为______。 A. 0.01～0.025mm B. 0.1～0.25mm C. 0.25～0.5mm D. 1～2.5mm 15. 阻漏环磨损，内部漏泄增加，会造成离心泵： A. 起动后不能供液 B. 流量不足 C. 电机过载 D. 振动过大和产生异声 16. 离心泵串联时，各泵的型号不一定要相同，但_____应相近，否则就不能使每台泵都处于高 效率区工作。 A. 额定功率 B. 额定转速 C. 额定流量 D. 锁定压力 17. 离心泵在船上不用作______。 A. 冷却水泵 B. 压载舱泵 C. 燃油泵 D. 舱底水泵 18. 双侧吸入式叶轮的离心泵在理论上有______特点。 A. 适合于大流量、高压头场合 B. 流量大，轴向推力可相互平衡 C. 流量大，径向推力可相互平衡 D. 流量大，所以容积效率较高 19. 在更换填料轴封的填料时，填料应切成______。 A. 平切口 B. 阶梯形搭口 C. 45°斜切口 D. 直切口 20. 引水装置失灵，会造成离心泵______。 A. 起动后不能供液 B. 流量不足 C. 电机过载 D. 振动过大和产生异声 21. 闭式旋涡泵是由______组成。 A. 开式叶轮和闭式流道 B. 开式叶轮和开式流道 C. 闭式叶轮和闭式流道 D. 闭式叶轮和开式流道 22. 喷射泵的喷嘴出口截面与混合室进口截面的距离过长会导致______。 A. 被引射流体太多 B. 被引射流体不足 C. 汽蚀 D. 工作流体流量增加 23. 喷射泵不具备______的特点。 A. 工作效率低，但质量轻、尺寸小，完全没有运动部件 B. 能输送各种液体 C. 工作流体与引射流体在扩压室进行动量交换 D. 起动迅速、流量均匀、吸入能力较强 24. 运行中的活塞式空压机一旦发生冷却水中断现象，不正确的应对措施是： A. 停机后，风冷 B. 停机后让其自然冷却 C. 立即供水冷却 D. 停机 25. 空压机对贮气瓶充气，运行一段时间后，空压机的四个循环过程可能出现的变化为______。 A. 无变化 B. 循环四个过程的时间逐渐延长 C. 进气、膨胀过程时间逐渐缩短，排气、压缩过程时间逐渐延长 D. 排气、吸气过程时间逐渐缩短，压缩、膨胀过程时间逐渐延长 26. 直列式双缸两级活塞式空压机的气缸体与曲轴箱的连接方式为______。