历年考研英语真题长难句解析
历年考研英语真题长难句解析
1. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.
【译文】这不是昙花一现。在过去几年里，英国和美国的通货膨胀率始终低于预测水平。
【析句】这是一个并列句，前后用分号隔开两个子句，是递进关系。在第一句中，no可以用not a代替。在后一个句子中，inflation
是主语，lower是谓语系动词的表语， than expected和in Britain and America，以及前面的over the past couple of years都是介词短语作状语。
【讲词】a flash in the pan意为"昙花一现的人或事"。Many people believe that the young singer is a flash in the pan.(许多人认为那位歌手红不了多久。) When I first heard the news,I too dismissed it as a flash in the pan.(我一开始听到这个消息时，也认为这事长不了。)
2. Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States,since conventional measures suggest that both economies,and especially America's,have little productive slack.
【译文】经济学家对英美两国有利的通胀率感到特别诧异，因为传统的计量方法表明两国经济，特别是美国经济几乎没有生产萧条的时
候。
【析句】这是一个主从复合句。主句的主干是Economists have been particularly surprised。在表示原因的状语从句中，其宾语从句中especially America's economy是 both economies的同位语。【讲词】 conventional意为"普通的，常规的"。a conventional church wedding(传统的教堂式婚礼)，conventional symbols(常用的象征)，a conventional form of address(称呼的惯用形式)，conventional weapons(常规武器)。
slack可以作形容词、副词、名词和动词，其基本意思是"松懈;松弛;减弱"。a slack rope(一根未绷紧的绳子)，slack muscles(松弛的肌肉)，a slack worker(粗心大意的工人)。
3. The most thrilling explanation is,unfortunately,a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.
【译文】可惜的是，这最令人震惊的解释也有缺陷。一些经济学家认为，世界经济结构强有力的变化已经****了那个以经济增长和通货膨胀的历史关联为基础的旧的经济模式。
【析句】第一个句子相对比较简单。第二个句子的主干是Some economists argue，宾语是一个从句，而从句的宾语又跟了一个定语从句(that were based upon the historical link between growth
and inflation)，修饰the old economic models。
【讲词】upend一词由动词短语end up衍生而来，意为“结束，
****”。defective意为“有缺陷的;(智商或行为有)欠缺的”，或“有缺陷的人(物)”。 He is defective in moral sense.(他不能分辨邪正。)His speech can only be described as defective.(他的演讲很有不妥之处。)
4. “Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked Ti me Warner executives last week. “You have sold your souls,but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?”
【译文】参议员罗伯特?多尔上星期质问时代华纳公司高层人士时说：“难道这就是你们要成就的事业吗?你们已经出卖了自己的灵魂，难道你们还非要腐化我们的国家，威胁我们的孩子不成?”
【析句】这是一个有直接引语的复杂句。首先抓住核心句Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week，其前后是直接引语。这个直接引语的前半部分是一个一般疑问句，后面由两个转折关系的句子构成，由连词but连接。第二个分句中， but后面的句子是一个一般疑问句，由情态动词must引导，包括由and这个连词连接的两个并列部分(corrupt our nation和threaten our children as well)。
【讲词】 corrupt意为“(使)****;腐烂;贿赂”，既可作动词也可
作形容词。He was sent to prison for trying to corrupt a tax official with money.(他因企图向税务官员行贿而被判入狱。)You are corrupted at heart.(你心术不正。)The text was corrupted by careless copyists.(原文因抄写员粗心而有讹误。)
5. It's a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.
【译文】这只是在不同时期涉及责任、创作自由和公司底线问题的自我反省。
【析句】这是一个有定语从句的复杂句。主干为It is a
self-examination，that后面引导的是限定性定语从句，修饰
self examination，定语从句的宾语是一个of词组，跟着三个并列的名词短语，用来修饰和限定issues。at various times是插入语，作句子的状语。
【讲词】bottom line意为“底价;底线”。My bottom line is $3000.(我的底价是三千元。)The government's bottom line with regard to the trade issue has not changed.(政府关于贸易争端的底线并没有发生变化。) corporate意为“公司的;社团的;法人的;共同的”。They made a corporate effort to finish the job.(他们通过集体的共同努力完成这项工作。)corporate
responsibility(共同责任或法人责任)。
6. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing
Ice-T's violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet. 【译文】 1992年时代华纳公司因出品Ice-T乐队狂暴的说唱歌曲《警察杀手》后备受谴责时，莱文说说唱音乐只是街头文化的合法表达方式，它应该有自己的宣泄途径。
【析句】这是一个主从复合句，从句(when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T's violent rap song Cop Killer)表示时间;非限制性定语从句which deserves an outlet修饰street culture。
【讲词】 under fire意为“受到攻击;遭到抨击”。The minister came under fire when the accident happened.(在事故发生后，那位部长遭到了抨击。) I was under fire when the board reviewed my proposal.(在董事会讨论我的提案时，我遭到了批评。)
1. The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.
【译文】巨大的宇宙云的存在，实际上是使二十年代首创的大爆炸论得以保持其宇宙起源论的主导地位所不可缺少的。
【析句】本句的主干为The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang，过去分词短语first put forward in the 1920s在句中作后置定语，修饰前面的the Big Bang。【讲词】Big Bang是天文学的一个名词，应该译成“大爆炸”或“大
爆炸理论”。put forward意为“提出”。The Council has put forward valuable concrete proposals on energy conservation.(委员会提出了宝贵而具体的节能意见。)China has put forward three historical sites for UNESCO heritage
list.(中国提交三个历史名胜申请成为联合国教科文组织的世界遗产。)
UNESCO的全称是the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization。
2. Astrophysicists working with ground based detectors at the South Pole and balloon borne instruments are closing in on such structures,and may report their findings soon.
【译文】天体物理学家使用南极陆基探测器及球载仪器，正越来越近地观测这些云系，也许不久会报告他们的观测结果。
【析句】本句为连词and引导的并列分句，主语为Astrophysicists，现在分词短语(working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments)是主语的后置定语，两个并列谓语分别为are closing in on such structures和may report their findings soon。
【讲词】to close in on意为“接近”或“快要”。AOL is closing in on launching video VoIP.(美国在线很快将推出网络视频电话。)Deadly bird flu virus is closing in on Europe.(致命的禽流感正在接近欧洲。)
ground based意为“陆基”，即基于陆地，也可以说land based。以类似方式组成的单词还有web-based(基于网络的;网上的)，如web-based email system(网络在线电邮系统)。
3. Unlike most of the world's volcanoes, they are not always found at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earth's surface; on the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of a plate.
【译文】和世界上大多数火山不同的是，它们并不总是在构成地球表面的巨大漂流板块之间的边界上出现;相反，许多热点处于板块较深的内部。
【析句】这是一个由两个分句组成的并列句，中间由分号隔开。在前一个分句中，Unlike most of the world’s volcanoes是一个形容词短语，修饰句子的主语they。定语从句(that make up the earth’s surface)修饰the great drifting plates。第二个分句结构较简单，注意many of them是指many of the hot spots。【讲词】make up意为“化妆;补足;拼凑;组成;编造”等。He made up an excuse for his absence in class, which was found out.(他编了一个借口没来上课，结果被发现了。)I’ll make up the difference in the bill.(我来补上帐单的差额。)You have to make up the lost time by studying harder.(你应该更加努力学习，以弥补失去的时间。)He kissed his wife and made up with her.(他吻了妻子，和她和好了。)
4. The complementary coastlines and certain geological features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined.
【译文】互相吻合的海岸线和某些似乎跨越海洋的地质特征会使人想到这两个大陆曾经是连在一起的。
【析句】这个单句的主语是the complementary coastlines and certain geological features，后面跟了一个定语从句(that seem to span the ocean)，从句中that充当的是主语。全句的表语名词reminders跟了一个of短语结构，其中包含一个表示地点的从句。【讲词】 reminder的意思是“暗示;有提醒作用的人或物”。The museum serves as a reminder of the crimes committed against the people of Nanjing.(纪念馆提醒人们不要忘记南京人民所遭受的暴行。)
span作名词表示“跨度;范围”，作动词时意为“横越”。Richard Carleton, an award-winning journalist whose career in Australian television spanned 40 years, died on Sunday.(理查德·卡尔顿星期天去世，这位多次获奖的记者曾在澳大利亚的电视机构工作了40年。)The Thames is spanned by many bridges. (泰晤士河上架设了许多桥梁。)
5. If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the
Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory.
【译文】假如那些小热点看上去同预计的一致，那就意味着又一科学理论获得了胜利，这种理论完善了大爆炸论，亦称宇宙膨胀说。【析句】本句是一个主从复合句，从句是if引导的条件从句，主句是that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea，a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory是another scientific idea的同位语，其中过去分词短语(called the inflationary universe theory)是a refinement of the Big Bang的后置定语。
【讲词】refinement意为“提炼，精致，文雅”。A refinement of the Big Bang意思是the refined Big Bang theory,说明这种学说或理论完善了大爆炸论。此外，the inflationary universe theory 应翻译成“宇宙膨胀理论”或“宇宙膨胀说”。
inflationary意为“膨胀的”，其动词形式是inflate。He was inflated with his success in the exams.(他因在考试中取得好成绩而洋洋自得。)对应名词inflation可以表示“通货膨胀”。Inflation erodes the purchasing power of the families with lower income.(通货膨胀使低收入家庭的购买力不断下降。)
6. Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
【译文】宇宙膨胀说虽然听似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理学中一些公认的理论在科学上看来可信的推论。许多天体物理学家七、八年来一直认为这一论说是正确的。
【析句】本句是一个主从复合句，Odd though it sounds是个倒装的条件句，其正常的语序应该是Though it sounds odd。主句是由连词and 连接的两个并列分句。应注意代词it指代cosmic inflation。另外，for the better part of a decade的意思是for more than half of a decade，故翻译成“七八年”。
【讲词】 plausible意为“似是而非的”，即听上去奇特，但是却是有道理的。a plausible excuse(看似有理的借口)。I think that is a plausible conclusion based on what we now know.(我认为根据我们所了解的情况，这个结论其实并没有什么道理可言。)
下载毙考题APP 免费领取考试干货资料，还有资料商城等你入驻 邀请码：8806 可获得更多福利 2018考研英语长难句解析：每日一句(136) 2015年真题Section I Use of English 第6段第2句 Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to see that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population. 译文：尽管所有的对象都选自欧洲裔的人群，但还是刻意小心确保包括朋友和陌生人在内的所有研究对象都从相同的人群中选取。 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。主干结构是：care(主语)+ was taken(谓语)。不定式结构to see+ that引导的宾语从句做目的状语;宾语从句中，主语是all subjects, friends and strangers做all subjects的同位语, were taken做谓语，介词短语from the same population做状语。句首是由Though引导的让步状语从句;从句的主语是all the subjects ，谓语是were drawn，介词短语from…extraction做状语。 词汇指南 drawn[ dr?n](adj.)疲惫的,憔悴的;愁眉苦脸的(超纲词汇)(dra=druɡ-草药，wn=wild-野生的→ 就像晒干的野生草药一样干枯的——引申为疲惫的,憔悴的;愁眉苦脸的。) 考点搭配：drawn-out battle 旷日持久的战争(2012年-阅读4) extraction[ik?str?k??n](n.)提取物，抽样;抽出，拔出(超纲词汇)(2015年-完型)(extract-抽出,拔出;摘录，ion-名词后缀→提取物，抽样;抽出，拔出) 1个派生词： ●extract [iks tr?kt](v.)抽出,拔出;摘录(CET-6、考研词汇)(2008年-阅读4、2015年-完型)(ex-向外，tract-词根,拉扯,抽拉→ 向外拉扯、抽拉出来——即抽出,拔出，引申为摘录。因为所谓摘录就是从整篇文章中所抽出的一部分精华内容。) 考试使用毙考题，不用再报培训班
考研英语长难句解析 长难句 The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court’s judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should “reconsider” its State Stre et Bank ruling. (2010 Text2) 难句分析 主句 The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order 主语谓语宾语 宾语从句1 that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court’s judges 从属连词主语谓语宾语 宾语从句2 that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should “reconsider” its 从属连词主语定语从句系动词表语从句
本句为多重复合句，句子主干为The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order，stating that...and that...现在分词短语作宾语order的后置定语，说明order的内容。其中stating后面由and并列两个that引导的宾语从句，从句1中由并列连词rather than并列两个名词短语all 12 of th e court’s judges和a typical panel of three，作by的宾语。从句2中主语one issue后面是省略引导词that的定语从句，表语是whether引导的表语从句。
考研英语长难句经典例子解析 来源：文都图书 考研英语的长难句在广大考生心中一直是一个超级大难点，数不清的生词，看不明白的句型和混乱的时态都让考生脑袋大了不止一圈儿，所以今天这篇文章就和大家分享一下攻克长难句的技巧。以《考研英语长难句解密》中的一句超长的长难句为例。 【经典长难句】 The increase in numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of house work and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire. 【词汇突破】 have to do with…与…有关 Economic necessity 经济需求 pool of single women workers 单身女工的资源 high marriage rates 高结婚率 【参考译文】20世纪，在家庭外被雇佣的女性人数增加了，这与其说是由于家务活的机器化和闲暇时间的增加，还不如说是由于女性自身的经济需求和由于高结婚率。正是高结婚率减少了单身女工劳动力资源的数量，而在这之前很多情况下，她们是雇主们会雇佣的唯一女性。 像书中的解句顺序一样，攻克长难句首先应该拿下句中的生词和短语，这是基础，是盖房所需的砖瓦，然后再攻克句法，拿下房屋结构，这样再对照参考译文，以前觉得很难的长难句就“柳暗花明又一村”了。希望大家首先消除内心对长难句的恐惧心理，静下心来好好分析，好好学习，争取早日拿下长难句，拿下考研英语！加油！
2019考研英语长难句解析(57) ( 2011年真题Section ⅡReading Comprehension Part A Text3 第1段第1句) We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and Growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus. 译文：我们往往把二战后的几十年视作繁荣和发展的时代，数以百万计的士兵回到家乡，靠着政府对退役军人的资助读大学或在婚姻登记处排队办理结婚手续。 分析：本句的主语是We，谓语是tend to think of，宾语是the decades，由as引导的介词短语是该宾语的补足语。decades 后面的现在分词短语immediately following 做后置定语修饰decades ，time后的介词短语of 则是修饰time的后置定语。本句的第二部分是with引导的伴随状语，该伴随状语由with soldiers returning ，going and lining 组成。本句的难点在于对think of as 这一结构以及伴随状语中三个并列部分的理解。 词汇指南 tend [tend](v.)走向,趋向;倾向;照料,看护(CET-4)(t=to-去，end-末端,尽头朝末端去、伸展即走向,趋向，引申为倾向;照料,看护。) 考点搭配：tend to 倾向于(2008年-阅读1) 1个派生词： ●tendency [ tend?nsi](n.)趋势,趋向;倾向(CET-4)(2010年-阅读3)(ency-名词后缀) marriage[ m rid?](n.)结婚,婚姻;婚礼(中考词汇)(marri=marry-结婚，age-抽象名词后缀结婚,婚姻;婚礼) 3个扩展词： ●marry [ m ri](vt.)娶,嫁(vi.)结婚(中考词汇)(2006年-阅读1)(mar=march-三月，r-双写，y-名
第五讲特殊句式及长难句解析 1．简单句、并列句、复合句 从句: 名词性：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 形容词性：定语从句 副词性：状语从句--- 时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、比较、方式 2．省略句、比较结构、倒装句、分割结构 英语中还有一些特殊句式，出现在阅读理解中，势必会成为我们理解文章的障碍。但是，特殊句式还是有语法规律的，因此，如果我们能熟练应用特殊句式的语法规律，在阅读中一眼就能识别并领会这些特殊语法现象，障碍就基本克服了。 1.省略句 资料47 To err is human; to forgive, divine. Brevity is the soul of wit. 文体畅晓，其智乃见。（省略是将句子中的赘述部分删去，避免重复，使句子更简洁，加强表达内容的连贯性和逻辑性。被省略的部分大多是主语、谓语或谓语中的助动词等。文章中的省略现象会使句子成分短缺，造成句子不完整，如果看不出句子中省略了什么成分，就容易造成对文章的理解困难。 省略句一般只有当各组成部分有共同的成分才可能出现省略。对于这类句式，其难点在于发现省略成分，一旦找出并补充完整，句意理解就会大大简化。 省略句如果出现在翻译中，在翻译的时候，一定要把省略的部分翻译出来，否则会扣分。A：and 连接的并列句的省略 材料48页：Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.（2002） 分析：很明显，and with it possibly the only way to solve our problem，是一个省略句，with 做状语一般表示伴随，这一个分句只有一个状语加一个名词结构，构不成一个完整的句子。实际上，与前句相同的成分才会被省略，前一句的谓语部分是：will continue to be rejected. 所以，后一分句补充完整就是：with the rejection of the technology of behavior, possibly the only way to solve our problem will continue to be rejected. 练习：1. The reasons for poverty are many, but for the most part center on illiteracy, the lack of opportunities and in some cases pure laziness. (主语the reasons) 2.He majors in English, and I, in French. (谓语major ) 3.Self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismay. (省略主谓) B：状语从句中的省略 规则：当主句的主语与从句主语一致时候，且从句的谓语动词是Be动词时候，从句可省略主谓。See 材料48页1. 让步状语从句2 时间状语从句 3．If handled properly and not misused, the clone technology will only bring more benefit than disaster to mankind. (条件状语从句) 4．Some people look as if afraid of nothing. (方式状语从句) 5．The computer is still not yet able to do the work as well as an intelligent secretary. （比较）真题例句1 Actually we know of no type of astronomical body in which the conditions can be favorable to life except planets like our own revolving round a sun. 这是复合句。in which引导定语从句，修饰astronomical body. 介词except引起的短语作
2021考研英语经典长难句分析 考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了，看看哪些是该注意的，下面由我为你精心准备了“2021考研英语经典长难句分析”，持续关注本站 将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯! 2021考研英语经典长难句分析 A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure “gender parity” on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.(2020年text3) 分析长难句，我们贯穿始终的分析方法便是四步法： 一、寻标志，断长句 1.我们常用的标志有标点、从属连词、并列连词以及长的名词性短语。以这一长难句为例，我们可以依照逗号来断句，将整个句子分为三个结构。结构一：A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad;结构二：to ensure “gender parity” on boards and commissions, 结构三：provide a case in point. 二、抓住干，识修饰 说到句子的主干，无非就是句子的主谓宾，句子的核心是谓语，这一长难句中的谓语动词是provide，也许有同学会觉得sponsored也是一个动词，但是我们细心观察后面跟的是by这样的介词，这让我们想到了很熟悉的结构——N.+定语。所以这个句子虽然很长，但却是一个简单句，只有一套主谓宾。主语是A pair of bills，宾语是a case，sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad是定语，修饰限定bills，to ensure “gender parity” on boards and commissions,也是定语，修饰限定前面的bills。
考研英语长难句翻译分析 对于考研学子来说，现阶段考研英语的主要复习任务是攻克词汇和语法长难句，在此为各位考生归纳总结了长难句的要点，希望能对大家有所帮助。 1、While warnings are often appropriate and ne ___ssary — the dangers of drug interactions, for example — and ___ny are required by state or federal regulations, it isn't clear that they actually protect the ___nufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. [译文] 尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告—许多警告还是按州或联邦 ___规定要求给出的，然而（我们）并不清楚，如果顾客受到害时，这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。 [分析] 在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect the ___nufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured 是主句。主句用了一个形式主语 it，真正的主语是 that 引导的从句，而 that 从句之后是一个 if 引导的条件从句。从句由两个部分组成，中间用 and 连接。破折号之间的部分是举例说明 warnings的内容。注意： ___ny
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2511325507.html,/menu/201209/198057.shtml 2012 1. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that weaken the court's reputation for being independent and impartial. 【分析】复合句。主句主干为justices acted。in several instances 和in ways作状语，that 引导定语从句修饰ways。 【译文】然而，在一些情况下，法官的行为方式削弱了法院保持中立且公正的名声。 【临摹】不同于硅谷的那些企业，印度这些公司在思路上可能更有创意。 2. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court's decisions will be accepted as impartial judgements. 【分析】复合句，主句为That kind of activity makes it less likely, it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that 引导的名词性从句。 【译文】这类行为使得法院的裁定被认为是公正判决的可能性有所下降。 【词法拓展】
it 作形式宾语放在动词与宾语补足语之间，指代不定式、动名词、从句等，此时，it 无实际意义。这种情况只能用于能以名词或形容词作宾语补足语的动词后面，如feel, consider, find, believe, make, take, imagine, suppose, think, deem, regard, count 等。3. At the very least, the court should make itself subject to the code of conduct that applies to the rest of the federal judiciary. 【分析】复合句。At the very least在句首作状语，that 引导定语从句修饰the code of conduct。 【译文】至少，法院应当服从适用于联邦司法系统其余部门的行为准则。 4. They gave justices permanent positions so they would be free to upset those in power and have no need to cultivate political support. 【分析】复合句。主句为They gave justices permanent positions, so 引导目的状语从句，从句主干为they would be free...and have no need...。 【译文】他们给予法官们终身任期，以便法官们能自由地推翻当权者，且无需拉拢政治支持。 5. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social concepts like liberty and property. 【分析】复合句。主句为Constitutional law is political。because 引导原因状语从句；其中分词短语rooted in... 作定语修饰choices, 介词短语like liberty and property 修饰concepts。
1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields. 结构分析:句子的主干是This will be particularly true…。since引导原因状语从句。此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰the high-energy American fashion。在定语从句中，that做主语，makes做谓语，it做形式宾语，不定式短语to combine few farmers with high yields则是真正的宾语（不定式短语内部to combine是主干，few farmers是宾语，with high yields 是状语），possible做宾语补足语。this指代前句中提到的这种困境。energy pinch译为“能源的匮乏”;in…fashion译为“用…方法、方式”。 译文：这种困境将是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏，高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去，而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。 2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter，we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison. 结构分析:句子的主干是we must be sure…。since引导原因状语从句the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter。主句中又有that引导的宾语从句that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a“valid”or“fair”comparison。此宾语从句中又套嵌一个由介词with+which引导的定语从句with which we are comparing our subjects 修饰先行词the scale。scale在此处意为“尺度、衡量标准”。 译文：既然对智力的评估相比较而言的，那么我们必须确保，在对我们的对象进行比较时，我们所用的尺度能够提供“有效的”或“公平的”比较。 精品文档
1. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent is the American antelope, or pronghorn. 美洲羚羊，或称叉角羚，是该大陆典型的草原动物。 2. Of the millions who saw Haley’s comet in 1986, how many people will live long enough to see it return in the twenty-first century? 1986年看见哈雷彗星的千百万人当中，有多少人能够长寿到足以目睹它在二十一世纪的回归呢？ 3. Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial expressions. 人类学家们已经发现，恐惧，快乐，悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人类是共通的。 4. Because of its irritating effect on humans, the use of phenol as a general antiseptic has been largely discontinued. 由于苯酚对人体带有刺激性作用，它基本上已不再被当作常用的防腐剂了。 5. In group to remain in existence, a profit-making organization must, in the long run, produce something consumers consider useful or desirable. 任何盈利组织若要生存，最终都必须生产出消费者可用或需要的产品。
2018考研英语长难句解析：每日一句(44) 2006年真题Section ⅡReading Comprehension Part A Text 1 第5段 Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power. 译文：罗德里格斯指出，全世界偏远山村的孩子都是阿诺德·施瓦辛格与加思·布鲁克斯这样的超级巨星的影迷和歌迷，然而一些美国人却担心，居住在美国境内的许多移民不受国家同化力的影响。 分析：本句是由转折连词yet连接的两个并列分句，两分句均为主语+谓语+宾语从句的结构。第一个分句的主干结构是Rodriguez notes that…;在谓语notes后由that引导的宾语从句中,children是主语，are是系动词，fans of superstars是表语，in remote villages around the world是修饰主语的后置定语，like…是修饰superstars的定语。第二个分句的主干结构是some Americans fear that…，谓语fear后由that引导的宾语从句,从句中immigrants是主语，remain 是系动词，immune 是表语,to the nation’s assimilative power是状语，主语后面的现代分词短语living within the United States是修饰它的后置定语。 词汇指南 children[ t?ildr?n](n.)(child的复数)孩子们(中考词汇)(child-小孩、儿童，ren=eren-复合后缀,表人——其中en-表人举例：citizen-公民、warden-看守人、maiden-少女) remote[ri m?ut](adj.)相隔很远的,遥远的;偏远的,偏僻的;关系疏远的(CET-4)(re-一再、反复，mot-词根,动,移动，e-后缀 → 一再地移动、离出发点越来越远的——即相隔很远的,遥远的，引申为偏远的,偏僻的和关系疏远的等含义。) 1个形近词： ●remold [ ri: m?uld](v.)改造,重塑(= reshape)(超纲词汇)(2003年-阅读1)(re-重新，mold-模型→ 重新定型——即改造,重塑。) village
句子一： For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances. 句子分析： 第一、句子可以拆分为三段：For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, / and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been / had he grown up under more favorable circumstances. 第二、句子的结构： 1)主干结构是并列句they do not compensate for..., and thus do not tell... 2) how able是表语前置，正常语序是：an underprivileged youngster might have been how able 3)最后一个句子是虚拟语气句的倒装结构：had he grown up under more favorable circumstances等于If he had grown up under more favorable circumstances 第三、词的处理： hey 指示代词，测试 compensate for 弥补 gross social inequality 明显的社会不公 and thus 因此 ell 说明 underprivileged 贫困的、物质条件差的
考研英语典型长难句及解析之三 1. We assumed that there were forces of attraction between molecules which varied rapidly with the distance so that the attraction between molecules that were more than a few ten millionths of a millimeter apart was very small but became considerable when the molecules approached more closely. 结构分析:句子的框架是We assumed that there were forces of attraction…。that引导宾语从句。此宾语从句中套嵌一个由which引导的定语从句修饰先行词forces of attraction; so that the attraction between molecules…是so that结构引导的结果状语从句;在此状语从句中，除主干结构the attraction…was very small but became considerable…，又有that were more than a few ten-millionths of a millimeter apart做定语从句修饰先行词molecules和when the molecules approached more closely做状语从句，修饰…but became considerable。considerable译为“相当大（或多的）”。 译文：我们曾经假定，分子之间存在着引力，这种引力随着分子之间距离的不同而有显著的变化，因而，在间距为千万分之几毫米的分子之间的引力是很小的，但是分子靠得很近时，这种引力会变得相当大。 2. This need is enshrined in the concept of sustainable development，which means that we must，for the benefit of coming generations，leave enough environmental space so that these generations will be able to address their needs and fulfill their aspirations. 结构分析:句子的框架是This need is enshrined in the concept of sustainable development…。其后紧跟着一个which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词sustainable development。此定语从句的谓语动词means又套嵌一个that引导的宾语从句，即we must…leave enough environmental space。此宾语从句中又有so that结构做此从句的目的状语。be enshrined in意为“被深深地珍藏（或铭记）在…”，此处转译为主动语态“纳入到”。sustainable development译为“可持续发展”。 译文：这一需要被正式载入可持续发展的概念之中。所谓可持续发展是指:为了子孙后代的利益，我们必须保留足够的生存环境空间，- 1 -
1.This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. 词汇突破：cognitive 认知的（后天习得的） Intuitive 先天的 和以上这组单词概念相同的表达还有： Nature先天；nurture后天；born ;先天的；made 后天的；innate天生的；Acquired后天习得； Determine 决定 Coupled with 相当于and,想类似的表达还有along with ; combined with等。 主干识别：句子的主语是This success和later research ；谓语是led; 宾语是Ericsson; 不定式短语to conclude 做状语；主干结构是：this success and later research led Ericsson to conclude that … 其他成分：在research后面接一个现在分词短语做后置定语，在这个现在分词短语中that引导的从句做showing 的宾语；在不定式短语中that引导的从句做conclude的宾语；mo re…than结构翻译 为与其说，不如说。 微观解析：由于主语中的第二个并列成分比较长，且是用两个逗号隔开的，在阅读的时候可以跳读；把This success和动词led先连起来然后再来解析其他成分。 译文赏析：这种成功和后来表明记忆本身并不是先天决定的研究使爱立信总结道，记忆的行为与其说是一种先天的行为不如说是一种习得的行为。 2.It is not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers. 词汇突破：visualize 想象 Figure out 发现和找出 Suits 使…适合 主干识别：句子主语是由how引导的一个主语从句，it是句子的形式主语；句子主干为: How …is not obvious. 在主语从句中主语是capacity，谓语是suits 宾语是one ; 其他成分：状语为to answer…主语后加上两个动词不定式做后置定语；动词不定式中的宾语questions 后面接一个that引导的定语从句。 难点揭秘：这个句子是一个由形式主语it引导的主语从句，其中难点为需要识别出主语从句中的动词suits.译文赏析：构思物体和找出数字模型的能力是如何让一个人去回答那些连最好的诗人和哲学家都回避的问题的，这点我们还不是很清楚。 3．Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters, whether it’s knowing when to guess or what questions to skip. 【词汇突破】Toil through (辛苦的经历) 名词：Winston Churchill: "Blood, Toil, Tears and Sweat”(丘吉尔演讲) sweat and toil （汗水和辛苦） He succeeded after years of toil. (他经历数年的辛劳之后成功了) SAT 美国高考全称为scholastic assessment test 学术性评估测试 testify 证实 matter 这里是动词，重要；sth matters 事情很重要； 【主干识别】anyone 为句子的主语，will testify 为句子谓语，that引导一个宾语从句； 【其他成分】that 引导的宾语从句中test-taking skill 为主语，matters 做谓语，whether 引导一个状语从句
毙考题APP 2018考研英语：经典语法长难句解析（100） No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professional and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word amateur does carry a connotation that person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not share its values. 【分析】 冒号将句子一分为二，前面分句中No clear-cut distinction是主语，can be drawn是谓语部分，后面是介词短语。后面分句是对前面的解释。Nevertheless表明两句话之间的逻辑关系，the word amateur 是主语，does carry是谓语，同时也是强调的写法，a connotation是宾语。后面that引导同位语从句，其中is和may not share用and连接。 【词汇】 clear-cut 清晰的，轮廓鲜明的 distinction 区别，差别注意：显赫、声望的含义也是考试的重点 例如a writer of distinction 一位卓越的作家 academic distinctions学术上的荣誉 amateur a.业余爱好者 connotation 含蓄，内涵[carry a connotation 意味着] is fully integrated into充分融入(integrate v. 使一体化，结合) 【译文】科学领域的专业人员和业余爱好者之间划不出泾渭分明的界线：因为任何规则都有例外。然而，业余一词的确意味着相关人员不能充分融入职业科学界，尤其未能分享科学圈子的价值。 考试使用毙考题，不用再报培训班 邀请码：8806
考研英语备战：经典长难句解析（3） 考研的冲刺复习阶段已经开始了，考试初试时间相较之前提前了整整一周，考生经过尽快适应最后的紧张节奏，跟上考研时间调整的步伐。考研英语长难句是考研英语复习中很重要的一环，凯程考研英语老师为大家在冲刺阶段总结一些经典长难句进行分解解析，希望能通过这篇文章让大家快速对英语长难句有一个提升。 But while admitting to the fullest extent the wonderful achievements of labor, and recognizing the fact that men of the most distinguished genius have invariably been found the most indefatigable workers, it must nevertheless be sufficiently obvious that,without the original endowment of heart and brain, no amount of labor, however well applied, could have produced a Shakespeare, a Newton, a Beethoven, or a michelangelo. 词汇突破：to the fullest extent 完全 indefatigable 不知疲倦的 distinguished genius 杰出的天才 Invariably 总是，不变的 Endowment天赋 主干识别：it must nevertheless be sufficiently obvious that… 其他成分：while 引导的两个现在分词短语充当的让步状语： while admitting to the fullest extent the wonderful achievements of labor, and recognizing the fact that men of the most distinguished genius have invariably been found the most indefatigable workers that 引导一个主语从句： without the original endowment of heart and brain, no amount of labor, however well applied, could have produced a Shakespeare, a Newton,a Beethoven, or a Michelangelo. 其中主干为：no amount of labor could have produced a Shakespeare, a Newton, a Beethoven, or a Michelangelo. 注意：no amount of labor could have produced... = amount of labor could not have produced... 其他成分：without the original endowment of heart and brain状语 however well applied 状语 参考译文：但是，我们虽然在一方面最大程度的承认劳动所创造的辉煌成就，也承认最杰出的天才永远是最不疲倦的辛劳着，但同时，有一点也是很明显的，那就是，如果没有心智固有的天赋，无论付出多少劳动，也无论这些劳动运用的有多么恰当，也无法创造出像莎士比亚，牛顿，贝多芬，米开朗基罗这样杰出的人物。 凯程考研： 凯程考研成立于2005年，具有悠久的考研辅导历史，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答