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阅读理解专项复习推理判断题所谓推断，就是根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，推断出未知的信息。
即把有关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。
据以推断的有关文字可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句子，甚至是全文。
此类考题一般针对短文内容和考生应有的常识，文章中虽然没有明确的答案，但考生在理解全文的基础上可以进行推理和判断其答案。
推理判断题主要包括推断隐含意思、推断目标读者、推断写法意图等。
但以推断隐含意义的题居多。
推断隐含意义的题干中常含infer(推断)，suggest(暗示)，imply(暗示)，indicate(暗示)，conclude(推断，得出结论)等词语。
解题技巧既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。
1.解答这类题的一般步骤是：(1)定位信息：通过寻读找到相关信息点。
(2)字面理解：理解相关信息点的字面意义。
(3)深层理解：结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。
2.选择答案时，注意排除以下干扰项，以便缩小选择范围：(1)不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点，要严格按照阅读材料中所提供的信息进行推理；(2)推理的根据来自于上下文；(3)如果某选项中的内容是阅读材料的简单重复，那它就不是推论，也就不是正确答案；(4)如果某选项所表达的内容与经验相吻合，文中却没有涉及，那它属于主观臆断的结论，也不是正确答案；(5)如果某个选项表达的内容虽在文中提到，但很片面或很不完整，那也不是正确答案；(6)文中的虚拟语气和情态动词(should, must, may, etc.)往往能流露出作者的弦外之音，这有助于我们确定正确答案；(7)注意作者在文章中的措辞，比如作者在形容词前用了too, excessively, rather则常带有否定的口气；(8)某些过渡词(例如：however, but, on the contrary, what’s more)后面所表达的内容往往能反映作者的观点和态度。
高考英语考点解析复习讲义及练习题阅读理解推理判断2 Sport not only is physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism fromcoaches, parents, and oth- er teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount ofanxiety or stress for young athletes (运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological (心理上的), and research has indicated (暗示) that it can lead to bum out. Bum out has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable ex- periences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperatewith others, make friends, and gain oth- er social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngs ters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw(缺陷) in themselves.Coaches and parents should also be cautious (小心)that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today's youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coachesfocus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances. Pos- hive (正面的) reinforcement (强化) should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive rein- forcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to bum out.1. An effective way to prevent the bum out of young athletes is_______.A. to reduce their mental stressB. to increase their sense of successC. to make sports less competitiveD. to make sports more challenging答案: A指导：这是一篇探讨心理、教育问题的议论文。
学科教师辅导讲义学员编号：年级：课时数：学员姓名：辅导科目：学科教师：授课阅读理解3推理判断主题授课日期时段教学内容考点破解【推理判断】;【建议：因下面的微技能分析都是选取高考真题，所以建议在讲解该部分时确保学生都已做过相应的完整真题；如果是讲完该部分微技能再做完整真题，会让学生失去做题的真实感。
】1.推断隐含意义More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年) before going to university. It used to be the “year off”between school and university. The gap-year phenomenon originated with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.…That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education…△What do we learn about the gap year from the text?A. It is flexible in length.B. It is a time for relaxation.C. It is increasingly popular.D. It is required by universities.解析：1. C 推断隐含意义。
专题34 阅读理解之推理判断关键词：阅读理解,推理判断,上下文推理,语境难度系数：✱✱✱✱推荐指数：✱✱✱✱✱【基础回顾】考点归纳：做出简单判断和推理（即推理判断题）阅读文章的主要目的是获取信息，即作者所要传达的信息。
在实际的阅读活动中，有时需要根据文章提供的事实和线索，进行逻辑推理，推测作者未提到的事实或某事发生的可能性等。
基础必读：推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。
这种题型包括判断题和推理题。
这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。
做好该题型要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。
推理判断题常常可以分为如下几类：（1）细节推断。
如时间、地点、人物关系等；（2）逻辑推断。
根据已知的结果推断导致结果产生的可能原因；（3）目的、意图、态度推断。
根据文章的论述，推断作者的写作目的以及作者情感态度；（4）预测想象推断。
文章没有明确说明，要求根据语篇对文章可能涉及的内容进行预测判断。
推理判断主要的设题方式有：（1）It can be inferred from the passage (or the last paragraph) that…（2）It can be learned from the passage (or the last paragraph) that…（3）It can be concluded from the passage (or the last paragraph) that…（4）It implies that…（5）Where would you most probably find this passage?（6）What would the author most likely continue to talk about in the next paragraph(s)? 【技能方法】推理判断主要的解题策略有：（1）根据不同文体，推断目的意图。
高考英语专题讲义【阅读理解（4）】◆推理判断题推理判断题要求考生根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理, 推断出作者没有提到的或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。
旨在考查考生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力。
这类试题包括有很多种, 但广东自主命题10年来, 主要考查了推断隐含意义、推断目标读者、推断写法意图、推断观点态度等, 其中重点是推断隐含意义。
这类试题的题干中常含infer(推断), suggest(暗示), imply(暗示)等词语。
[技巧点拨]解答这类题的一般步骤是：[经典例题]阅读下列文段，从题中所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
（2014新课标I）In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900.27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?A. It was ignored by the public.B. It was declared too late.C. It was unfair.D. It was strict,解析：用题干中的关键词law进行寻读，发现关键句是最后一段第一句后半部分but by then，no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years；理解字面意思：但是到这个时候，在这个州已十年未见大群的旅鸽了。
高中英语知识点归纳阅读理解推理与判断的技巧英语是学生们必须掌握的重要学科之一。
在高中英语学习中，阅读理解是一个非常重要的考试项目。
为了帮助同学们更好地应对阅读理解题目，我将归纳一些关键知识点和推理与判断的技巧，希望对同学们的学习有所帮助。
一、关键知识点：1. 阅读理解的题型：阅读理解题型通常包括长篇阅读理解、短篇阅读理解和七选五阅读理解等。
同学们在做题时要了解不同题型的要求，并学会灵活应用对应的解题技巧。
2. 核心词汇：阅读理解题目中会涉及一些核心词汇，如原因、结果、因果关系、对比、选择等。
同学们要能够准确理解、分析和判断这些核心词汇所表达的意义和关系。
3. 文章结构：阅读理解文章往往包含引言、主体和结论等部分。
同学们需要注意文章的结构，理清主次关系，抓住每个部分的要点。
二、推理与判断的技巧：1. 识别文章的目的：通过分析文章的开头和结尾，可以推断出文章的目的是什么，有助于正确理解文章内容。
2. 注意文章的线索词：通过识别文章中的线索词，如表示转折、因果、对比等的连接词，有助于把握文章的逻辑关系和推理思路。
3. 掌握主旨大意：阅读理解题一般都会要求同学们总结文章的主旨大意。
在阅读文章时，要着重关注作者的观点、态度以及重要信息，弄清文章主要表达的内容。
4. 分析事实与观点：阅读理解题中，作者可能陈述一些事实和自己的观点。
同学们要分辨哪些是客观事实，哪些是主观观点，并能准确理解作者的意图。
5. 使用上下文推断词义：遇到生词或不熟悉的词汇时，同学们可以根据上下文的语境推断词义，提高对文章内容的理解。
6. 注意细节和事实：阅读理解题中常涉及到具体的事实细节，同学们要仔细阅读，找到并理解相关信息，以保证回答问题的准确性。
以上是关于高中英语知识点归纳阅读理解推理与判断的技巧的一些介绍。
同学们在备考过程中，应多加练习，熟悉各类题型的解题方法，提升自己的阅读理解能力。
希望这些技巧对同学们的学习能够有所帮助，祝愿大家在英语学习中取得好成绩！。
高考英语阅读理解题型分析、提问方式及解题方法阅读理解分析：高考英语阅读题，阅读选材广泛，各种文体各占一定的比例，在内容上贴近生活，语言能够体现当代英语的特点，语篇逻辑经得起推敲，与学生的阅读水平相吻合。
阅读理解设计题目的结构难度基本稳定，方式大致相同。
但词汇总量加大，阅读速度提高，且非考纲词汇有所增加，长难句有所增加。
时文报道类、科普知识类、应用广告类、史地文化、短篇故事、说理小品、幽默小品是高考热门文章。
阅读理解主要要掌握两个方面的问题：(1)了解高考阅读理解题型和出题方法；(2)熟悉高考英语阅读理解解题方法和技巧。
关键词：阅读理解、题型分析、解题策略一.阅读理解高考英语阅读理解题型的分值要占高考英语总分的40/150，是所有题型中占分比例最大的一道题，在阅读理解上是否得高分，是能否取得高考英语好成绩的关键。
国家教委考试中心每年都在全国范围公布当年英语学科的《考试说明》，《考试说明》对阅读理解的要求做了明确的规定，阅读理解部分主要测试考生以下能力：1、掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；2、了解用以阐述主旨的事实和有关细节；3、根据上下文判断大纲附表以外的某些词汇和短语的意义；4、既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文之间的逻辑关系；5、根据所读材料进行一定的判断，推理和引申；6、正确领会作者的观点和态度。
二.题型分析及解题方法（一）事实细节题1.题干提问方式1）According to the passage ,who/what /which/when/where/why/how many/how much/how long/how soon/how often等等。
2）其他的提问方式2.常见的事实细节题有如下：1）排序题方法：首尾定位法2）图形辨认题方法：按文索图法（找出描绘图形的语段惊醒文图对照）3）数字换算法方法：列表推算法（找出与文章相关的数据列表或推算）4）表格理解题方法：文表分析法（把题干，选项，和表格对照分析）5）应用广告类事实信息题方法：题干定位法（直接阅读题干，在文中找答案，不必读全文）（二）推理判断题1.题干提问方式1）It can be concluded /inferred that :2)The writer suggests/implies that :3)What is the writer’s /author’s purpose/attitude toward …?4)The passage proves that:5)This passage is most probably taken from :6)Which of the following statements is true/not true/right/not right/wrong/not wrong/false/not false?7)Which of the following is mentioned/not mentioned?8)All of the following are true /false?9)We can infer that __________.10）It can be inferred from the passage that __________.11）The passage implies that __________.12）The passage suggests that __________.13）It can be concluded from the passage that __________.2.方法在通读全文的基础上，进行事实推测，因果推测，人物性格/态度/观点推测，预测想象推理，作者写作要意图推测。
命题点3 推理判断本类考题解答锦囊每篇文章都有一定的写作目的，作者往往期待读者读了文章后知道应当怎样去做某些事情或按某种方式思考问题。
这层意思通常并不是在文章申明确表达出来，而是隐含在文章之中。
这就要求读者在阅读过程中去沟通外现的和内含的，已述的和未述的含义。
这就需要仔细的阅读和认真的思考，在通盘理解文章的基础上去领会作者的言外之意，去掌握语言的微妙之处，真正欣赏和理解阅读的东西；阅读中的推论是很常见的，我们所读的一切几乎都可以做出程度不同的推论。
凡推断出的内容在文章中都没有明确叙述，但却暗含在文字之中。
因此在进行推断时，必须以有关的文字部分作为推理的前提和依据。
所谓推断，指根据推测而加以判断；而推测总是根据已知的信息推断出未知的信息。
即把有关的文字作为已知部分，从中推断出未知部分。
据以推理的有关文字部分可能是词或句子，也可能是若干句，甚至全文，要想做出精确的推断，必须注意以下四点。
1．细心地了解文章中所提供的全部信息和信息的各个方面。
2．分析已知的信息，用正确的观点，借助于一些常识，最大限度地捕捉到信息的本质。
3．注意词、句子的本义和与之有关的其他意义。
4．根据己知信息，即短文或有关的文字部分，做出的推断必须与作者的原意相符，切忌以自己的观点取代作者的原意。
推理判断往往包括数据事实推断，常识推断，逻辑结论以及推断作者的写作目的、态度、倾；向等几种类型。
1．数据事实推断：这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节。
是比较简单的推断。
首先在原文中找到据以推理的有关文字部分，对与数字有关的推断，只需简单推算，即可得出结果。
对与事实有关的，要加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。
例题：House prices in England increased sharply between 1971 and 1972. The following records how much a house in Chelsea London, had risen in price since 1955:Take No. 29 Smith Terrace for example. In 1955,Jane Grey sold for ￡2,000. Mrs Bowena Black bought it for ￡4,900 and sold it nine years later to Bill and Dreen White for ￡22,950. Now four years later. 1)The price of the house was as high in 1972 as in the yearJane Grey sold it.A. about ten timesB. twiceC. 150 percentD. fifteen times2)Mrs Bowena Black made a prof it (利润)of______.A. ￡2,900B. ￡8,典型例题￡7,典型例题 D. ￡18,典型例题Of all the tenants,who earned most?A. The Whites.B. Jane Grey.C. Mrs Black.D. Mr White.4)When did Mrs Black buy the house?A. 1971.B. 1972C. 1968.D. 19595)Jane Grey lived at No. 29 Smith TerraceA. for four yearsB. for nine yearsC. between 1971 and 1972D. before 19556)If MrS B1aCk had waited four years to setl the house She would have earned as much as_______.A．￡28，000 B．￡18，000 C．￡30，000 D．￡25，100以上各题的推理前提均可在原文中找到。
第1题的正确答案须从“In 1955，JaneGrey s典型例题￡2，000，”“…inl972，the house is valued at￡30，000；”这两句话推知，D项对。
第2题的正确答案应从“Mrs Bowena Black bought it for￡4，900and sold it nine years later to Billand Dreen White for￡22，9500'得知D项对。
第3题的正确答案应从“…Jane Grey sold for￡2，000．Mrs Bowena Black bought it for￡4，900 and so1d it nine years later to Bill andDreenWhitefOr￡22，950．”推知，MrsBlack获利最多。
第4题须从“Mrs Bosena Black…and sold it nine years…NOW four years later，inl972…．”得知Mrs Black是在1959年买的房子，故D项为正确答案。
第5题可从“Inl955，Jane Grey so1d it for￡2，000．”推知D项正确。
第6题须从“Mrs Bowena Black．．．￡4，900”“．．．the house is valued at￡30，000”两句话推知D项为正确答案。
2．常识推断：有些时候，文章里并没有提供任何可据以推断的材料，或虽有提供，但却不足以推出正确的未知事实。
这时便须根据平常积累的有关知识来进行推断。
例: Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly.If metal is heated and then cooled very quicky, for example by dipping it in water, it will be very hard but also very brittle(脆)--that is, it will break easily. Metal that has been annealed is soft but does not break as easily. It is possible to make metal as hard or as soft as is wished, by annealing it. The metal is heated, and allowed to cool slowly for a certain length of time. The longer the heated metal takes to co ol slowly, the softer it becomes. Annealing can also be used on other mate rials, such as glass. Why do people put hot metal in water?A. To make it hard.B. To make it soft.C. To make it cool. B. To make it brittl 从文中“by dipping it in water，it will be very hard but also very brittle.”这一信息还不足以推出正确答案。
然后根据物理常识，在制造各种工具时，往往采取淬火这一工艺，其目的是使金属变硬以便制成锋利的工具。
即可推出选项A为正确答案。
3．逻辑结论：这类推断比前两种困难得多。
在阅读过程中，读者必须对文章的全部事实或细节作通盘考虑，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论。
结论是根据事实作出的惟一决定。
要想从一个句子，一个段落或一篇文章中得出正确的结论，读者必须学会善于思考，不断提高自己的逻辑思维能力。
例Have you ever heard of a sport called tubing? Hundreds of people float down a rushing river at once in old truck-tire tubes. Sometimes many hold hands. At first the ride is bumpy and frightful, for the narrow river rushes swiftly. Then the river widens and grows calm. Never try tubing alone or in rapids, however.The story suggests that tubing________.A. should not be done in moving waterB. is done mainly by truck driversC. costs a lot of moneyD. can be dangerous根据文中内容数百人乘坐着旧卡车，轮胎在湍急的河水中向下游漂去，颠簸而可怕，可推知这项运动是十分危险的。
D项为正确答案。
4．推断作者的写作目的、态度，文章的语气等：这类推断要求对论述对象持何种态度、思想倾向作出判断。
如作者对所陈述的观点是赞成，还是反对，对记叙或描写的人或事等是喜欢，或是厌恶；是同情或是冷漠。
作者的这种态度和感情色彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含在字里行间，或者流露于修饰的词语之中。
因此要做好这类推断须综观全文，掌握主题思想，并以此为推理的前提，还要注意文章的措辞，把握文章论述的基调。
例: Some people are never right. They never have good luck. They usually do the wrong thing a nd say the wrong thing. And even if what they say or do is OK, they as a rule say it or do it at the wrong time. So these people always have problems. They often break dishes. They sometimes miss buses and airplanes.Mr Neff is different. He is always right. He is never wrong. He usually has good luck. He seldom has problems. He never breaks dishes. He never misses buses or airplanes. Even if he does miss them? it is always'the fault of the buses or the airplanes.Mr Neff knows almost everything. He doesn't ask questions? he answers questions. He never says, "I don't know."I don't know Mm Neff. It seems that not many people know her. I sometimes wonder about her. Is she always right? Or maybe she is always wrong? Dces she often break dishes or miss buses?Does she have problems? I wonder.1)Which of the following do you think gives the most important trait (特性) of Mr Neffs character?A. He is a very wise man.B. He plans everything well.C. He is moral and upright.D. He is very satisfied with himself.2)Which of the following do you guess is true of Mrs Neff?A. She probably obeys her husband in everything.B. She probably feels very proud to be a help of her husband.C. She probably quarrels with her husband all the time.D. She probably feels very happy to have such a successful husband.3)Which of the following best describes the writer's attitude towards Mr Neff?A. He finds Mr Neff hard to understand.B. He thinks Mr Neff wonderful.C. He feels pity for Mr Neff.D. He does not like Mr Neff.以上各题的答案均没有直接表述在短文里，必须从字里行间悟出作者的言外之意。
