.宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：
连词：
that (that常可省略),whether, if
代词：
who, whose, what ,which
副词：
when ,where, how, why等。
（一）that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）
可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：
例句：
注意事项：
当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。
例句：
I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.
在以下情况xxthat不能省略
1.当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。
例句：
He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tellyou.
2.当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。
例句：
Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and hisblack silk cap.
3.当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。
例句：
I can’t tell him that his mother died.
注意事项：
许多带复合宾语的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it 作形式宾语。
例句：
I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.
（二）由whether,if引导的宾语从句
由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。
例句：
只能用whether，不能用if引导的宾语从句
1.在带to的不定式前
例句：
We decided whether to walk there.
2.在介词的后面
例句：
I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.
3.在动词后面的宾语从句时
例句：
We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week
4.直接与or not连用时
例句：
只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句
1.if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”
例句：
2.if引导否定概念的宾语从句时
例句：
3.引导状语从句even if（即使）和as if（好象）时
例句：
He talks as if he has known all about it.
（三）连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：
see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt,wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。
英语中的连接代词有：
who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。例句：
Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?
英语中的连接副词有：
when,where,why,how，在句中担任状语的成分。
例句：
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
三.宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：
连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。
例句如下：
1.I don’t know what they arelooking for.
2.Could you tell me when the train will leave?
3.Can you imagine what kind of man he is?
四.宾语从句的时态
1.主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。
例句：
The headmaster hopes everything goes well.
2.主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
例句：
She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.
3.当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
例句：
The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.
五.宾语从句的特点
1.宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。
2.宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。
3.连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义，不充当句子成份，多数情况下可以省略。
4.whether和if都可引导宾语从句，但whether后可紧跟ornot；whether从句可作介词的宾语。
5.如果从句太长，可以用形式宾语it.
.宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有： 连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词：who, whose, what ,which 副词：when ,where, how, why 等。 （一）that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略） 可跟that从句做宾语的动词有： say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。 例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. 注意事项：当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。 例句：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that. 在以下情况中that不能省略 1.当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。 例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you. 2.当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。 例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap. 3.当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。 例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died. 注意事项：许多带复合宾语的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it作形式宾语。 例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time. （二）由whether,if 引导的宾语从句 由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下if 与whether是不能互换的。 例句：I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party. 只能用whether，不能用if引导的宾语从句
1.宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如： I hear(that)physics isn’t easy. I think(that)you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting. 2.宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即“连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。这里特别强调的是，它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述句的语序，不是疑问句的倒装语序。例如：You must remember what your teacher said．—Dad，do you know when the football game will start？—In half an hour. 3.Can you tell me______? A.what's the matter with him B.what the matter with him is C.what happened with him D.what with him happened Let me tell you______. A.how much is the car B.how much does the car cost C.how much did I pay for th e car D.how much I spent on the car正确答案是AD宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序.当从句的原句为what's the matter,what's wrong,what's happening,以及who,what作主语时，从句的语序不变.例如：I don't know what's the matter.can you tell me who is over there? 1．语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句＋连词＋宾语从句（主语＋谓语＋……）”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：1）连接词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有：who，what，which等。如：Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告诉我谁知道答案吗？ The small children don't know what is in their stockings．这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？ 2）连接词＋名词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如： He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好。 The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老师问我们房间里有多少人。 3）连接词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who（m），what，which，how many，how much，when，why，how，where，if／whether（在句中不充当任何成分）等。如： He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。 Could you tell me what I should do with the money？你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗？ 4）连接词＋名词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如： Do you know which class he is in？你知道他在哪个班吗？ She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。 特殊情况： 1.what is the matter… 2.what is wrong… 3.there be
【英语】宾语从句难题及答案(1) 一、初中英语宾语从句 1．一Do you know for vacation? 一Next month. A．when Mr. Cooper will leave B．when Mr. Cooper left C．when will Mr. Cooper leave D．when did Mr. Cooper leave 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：---你知道Mr Cooper什么时候去度假吗？---下个月。此题考查宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。根据句意及时间状语，应用一般将来时，故选A。 考点：考查宾语从句。 2．—I'd like to know ________ for the party. —I have no idea. A．why did she buy so little food B．what she has prepared C．whether will she dance D．when is she leaving 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：--我想知道她为晚会做了什么。—我不知道。答案A,C,D的语序是疑问语序，不正确。宾语从句的语序应该是陈述语序。故选B。 3．---Could you tell me _______? ---Sure. Walk straight along this street and you'll find it. A．how can I get to the museum B．where is the museum C．which is the way to the museum D．how far the museum is 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：--你能告诉我去博物馆的路吗？--当然，沿着这条街直走你就能发现它。根据句子结构分析，这是宾语从句，根据宾语从句的语序，疑问句要用陈述句语序，故排除A,B。根据答句Walk straight along this street and you'll find it.可知需要问怎么到达博物馆，而不是博物馆有多远，排除D, 故选C。 4．—Many people talk about “Didi”. I really wonder _______. —Just call to order a taxi through it on your mobile phone.
知识总结： 宾语从句的重难点主要有三点：引导词、语序和时态。 连词的选择 that和what 【高考示例】 1. We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have ___________we have here and treat food nicely.（2010福建卷） A. that B. which C. what D. whether 2. As a new graduate, he doesn’t know_____it takes to start a business here.（2010天津卷) A. how B. what C. When D. which 3. Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will need for the coming season. （2010山东卷） A. why B. what C. how D. which 4. I want to be liked and loved for ______I am inside. （2010北京卷） A. who B. where C. what D. how
考点解析： 以上四题均考查what引导的宾语从句，连接代词what在宾语从句中既起连接作用，又在从句中充当成分，即主语，宾语，表语或定语；而连接词that只起连接作用，在宾语从句中不充当任何成分，常可省略。所以我们在面对这类考题时： 首先，应判断从句部分是否缺主语，宾语，表语或定语。如果缺这些成分的话，首先考虑who, whom, what, which和whose等，但要区别后三者做定语时的用法区别。which 引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。 第二，如果题干中不需要填入代词，需要结合语境考虑是否需要填入疑问副词when, why, where, how, whether, if等。宾语从句表示不肯定或疑问，如“是否”、“是不是”、“能否”等，就用连词if/whether来引导。 第三，如果根据语境，宾语从句是个陈述句，不需要填入疑问副词，那就用连词that 引导。 例4的难点在于我想别人喜欢我是因为“我”的内在，也就是“我”inside的品质。只有what可以指代是什么。很多同学误选A，错误地用中文语言习惯去做英文题。whether和if 【高考示例】 … but it didn't matter that I would win or not．（NMET短文改错） 此题很显然是考查 whether和if引导宾语从句的差别。答案是将that改为whether。在使用whether和if引导宾语从句时，应注意以下几种情况：
宾语从句应注意三点： ①引导词，陈述句一般由that引导，这时的that可以省略；一般疑问句则由if或whe-ther引导；而特殊疑问句则由特殊疑问词引导。②时态，主句是现在时态，从句可用所需要的任何时态；但如果主句是过去时态，从句时态所表示时间一般往前移一个时间段。 ①如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如： I have heard（that）he will come back next week. ②如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。如： He said（that）there were no classes yesterday. 注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：He said that light travels much faster than sound. B.人称的变化和标点的使用 1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如： “May I use your knife？”He asked me. →He asked me if he might use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. →He asked me if I knew her telephone number. ③语序，宾语从句永远要用陈述句顺序。①陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如： He is an honest boy. The teacher said. →The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy. ②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：Does he work hard？I wonder. →I wonder if/whether he works hard. When did he leave？I don’t know. →I don’t know when he left. 注意：有些疑问句本身就是陈述语序 1.Who went there yesterday? Mary wanted to know. →Mary wanted to know who went there yesterday. 2.What’s the matter with the clock? He wondered. →He wondered what was the matter with the clock. A)if和when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一下。如： If it rains tomorrow，I won’t come. （时间状语从句） I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. （宾语从句） B)从句的简化 1. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常 简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如： She found that the wallet lay on the ground. →She found the wallet lie on the ground. She found that the wallet was lying on the ground. →She found the wallet lying on the ground. 2. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等， 且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如： She agreed that she could help me with my maths. →She agreed to help me with my maths. 3. 在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间 接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如： Can you tell me how I can get to the station？ →Can you tell me how to get to the station？ 变人称，语序为陈述语序，标点，时态看看下面的题 1).How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改 为含有宾语从句的复合句) Could you tell me how ______ _____ on with his new classmates? 2).What is he doing there? Mother didn't know. (改为含有宾语从句的复 合句Mother didn't know what _______ ______doing there. 3).Y ou'd better ask your mother whether is it cheap enough before you try it on.(改错) 4)What's his name? I asked him.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句）I asked him what _______ _______ _______. 5)Why didn't he look happy? Could you tell me?(改为含有宾语从句的 复合句) Could you tell me why _______ ______ look happy? 6)Does he still live in that street? I don't know(改为含有宾语从句的复 合句) I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street. 7)Whose children is the old woman looking after?Did you find out? （改 为含有宾语从句的复合句）Did you find out whose children the old woman ______ _______ after? 8)The moon moves round the earth. My sister told me.（同上）My sister told me ______ the moon_______ round the earth. 9) I think it is not going to snow tomorrow.（改错） 10). "Do you want to try something new。" Tom's mother asked him.(同 义句转换) Tom's mother asked him________ ________ ________to try something new. 练习题 1)These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong. 2)Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound. 3)There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know. Jack didn’t know ______ th ere ______ ____ a meeting in five days. 4)Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French. 5)Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games. 6)Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao _______ _______ ______ _____ _____ homework yet. 7)How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows? Who knows _____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture? 8)Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car? 9)What does he often talk about? The girl wondered. The girl wondered _____ _____ often ________ about. 10)Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know. I don’ t know _______ _______ at the door so loudly. 11. Does he still live in that street? I don't know. I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street. 12. What's his name? I asked him. I asked him what _____ _____ ____ ______. 13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me. Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________. 14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _______ they ______ fried chicken. 15. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know. I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.
宾语从句练习题(含答案) 一、初中英语宾语从句 1．—Do you know ? —Let me see. I remember it was on March 18th. A．why did they move here B．why they moved here C．when did they move here D．when they moved here 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 试题分析：句意：---你知道他们什么时候搬到这儿吗？ --让我想想。我记得那是在三月十八日。在宾语从句中只能用陈述句语序，不能用疑问句语序。结合答语中I remember it was on March 18th可知该选D。 考点：考查宾语从句。 2．—I'd like to know ________ for the party. —I have no idea. A．why did she buy so little food B．what she has prepared C．whether will she dance D．when is she leaving 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：--我想知道她为晚会做了什么。—我不知道。答案A,C,D的语序是疑问语序，不正确。宾语从句的语序应该是陈述语序。故选B。 3．---The light in the professor’s lab was still on at 11:00 o’clock. Do you know ? ---maybe at midnight again. A．how long has he worked B．why does he stay up so late C．if he is busy studying D．when he stopped working 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意“-教授实验室的灯仍然亮着，你知道他什么时候停止工作吗？-可能再一次到半夜”。本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除A和B；且根据maybe at midnight again可知，应问“他何时停止工作”，故选D。 4．— Could you tell me ________? I must find him. — Sorry. I have no idea. But he was here just now. A．where Tom was B．where Tom has gone
宾语从句变化四要素 2. He asks m ne. Are they play ing a game?3、语序：宾语从句的语序都为陈述句do/does did 1、时态：语序 2、引导词：that if/whether特殊疑问词 主过从过：含有宾语从句的复合句中， 3. Where is the hospital? He told me.4、人称：根据需要（了解）从句原形宾语从句 主句用一般过去时，从句必须要用过去f试一试，我能行陈述句（that）+陈述句 时的某种时态。 4.Who bought the pen? He won dered. 1. Tom said. He is readi ng a book.一般疑问句if+陈述句 （特殊情况主过从现：从句如果是自f f特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+陈述句语序 然现象、客观规律等除外）宾语从句变化四要素 2. He asks me. Are they play ing a game?3、语序：宾语从句的语序都为陈述句 时态变化2、时态：f语序 从句原形宾语从句主过从过：含有宾语从句的复合句中， 3. Where is the hospital? He told me.4、人称：根据需要（了解） 一般现在时一般过去时主句用一般过去时，从句必须要用过去f试一试，我能行 一般将来时过去将来时时的某种时态。 4.Who bought the pen? He won dered. 1. Tom said. He is readi ng a book. 现在进行时过去进行时（特殊情况主过从现：从句如果是自f f 现在完成时过去完成时（了解）然现象、客观规律等除外）宾语从句变化四要素 2. He asks me. Are they play ing a game? am/is was时态变化3、时态：f are were从句原形宾语从句主过从过：含有宾语从句的复合句中， 3. Where is the hospital? He told me. have/has had一般现在时一般过去时主句用一般过去时，从句必须要用过去f will would一般将来时过去将来时时的某种时态。 4.Who bought the pen? He won dered. can could现在进行时过去进行时（特殊情况主过从现：从句如果是自f do/does did现在完成时过去完成时（了解）然现象、客观规律等除外）宾语从句变化四要素 2、引导词：that if/whether特殊疑问词am/is was时态变化4、时态： 从句原形宾语从句are were从句原形宾语从句主过从过：含有宾语从句的复合句中， 陈述句（that）+陈述句have/has had般现在时般过去时主句用一般过去时，从句必须要用过去 一般疑问句if+陈述句will would一般将来时过去将来时时的某种时态。 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+陈述句语序can could现在进行时过去进行时（特殊情况主过从现：从句如果是自 3、语序：宾语从句的语序都为陈述句do/does did现在完成时过去完成时（了解）然现象、客观规律等除外） 语序2、引导词：that if/whether特殊疑问词am/is was时态变化 4、人称：: 根据需要（了解）从句原形宾语从句are were从句原形宾语从句 试一试，我能行陈述句（that）+陈述句have/has had般现在时般过去时 1. Tom said.He is readi ng a book.一般疑问句if+陈述句will would一般将来时过去将来时 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+陈述句语序can could现在进行时过去进行时
初中英语宾语从句知识点：宾语从句语序宾语从句的语序：在复合句中，宾语从句部分要用陈述语序。 （1）陈述句作由that引导的宾语从句时，语序不用调整。 （2）一般疑问句作宾语从句时，其结构为whether / if ＋陈述句。原一般疑问句的主语前如果是助动词do / does / did，应去掉，谓语动词应改为其相应的形式；原一般疑问句的主语前如果是dont / doesnt / didnt，则直接将其放到主语之后；原一般疑问句的主语前如果是be 动词、情态动词或其他助动词，则应将其放到主语之后。如： Does he like apples? I dont know. ----- I dont know whether he likes apples. He asks: Is Tom a diver? ----- He asks whether Tom is a driver. （3）特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，如果疑问词作主语或主语的定语，其语序不用变化；如果疑问词充当其他句子成分，则宾语从句的结构为连接代词/ 连接副词＋陈述句。如： Who can answer the question? I want to know. ----- I want to
know who can answer the question. Whose book is on the desk? We all know. ----- We all know whose book is on the desk. When will they arrive? Please tell us. ----- Please tell us when they will arrive.
最新宾语从句难题及答案(1) 一、初中英语宾语从句 1．Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ________？ A．where is the bank nearest B．where is the nearest bank C．where the nearest bank is 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：-打扰一下，先生，你能告诉我最近的银行在哪里吗？where is the bank nearest形式错误，nearest是形容词最高级，应该放在名词前面，而且这个宾语从句中应使用陈述语序；where is the nearest bank是疑问语序，在宾语从句中应使用陈述语序；where the nearest bank is是where引导的宾语从句，从句中使用的是陈述语序，故应选C。 2．—Could you please tell me _____? —Find out which you can’t remember, memorize them and then practice them in reading. A．how many words and expressions I should remember B．how I could remember so many words and expressions C．how I can remember so many words and expressions 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查宾语从句，句意：“-你能告诉我怎么能记住这么多单词和表达吗？-找出你记不起的东西，背下来，然后在阅读中练习。”，观察句子，属于宾语从句，那么从句的语序应该是陈述语气，并且主句的时态为一般现在时，那么从句的时态应该根据具体情况而定，结合句意应该使用一般现在时，故选C。 3．—Can you tell me _____________? —Of course. Japan. A．what’s his job B．where does he come from C．where he is from D．what language he speaks 【答案】C 【解析】 这题考查疑问句做宾语从句的用法，宾语从句要变成陈述句语序，在根据答语：Japan，说明是问从哪里来的。选C。 4．— Could you tell me ________? I must find him. — Sorry. I have no idea. But he was here just now. A．where Tom was B．where Tom has gone C．where can I find Tom D．where Tom has been
英语宾语从句用法详解初中英语分类练习——宾语从句 复习目标：1、掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词 2、掌握宾语从句的语序——主句+连接词+主语+谓语 3、掌握宾语从句，主句与从句在时态上的呼应。重点：语序和时态呼应难点：语序和时态呼应；疑问词+不定式的转化；状语从句的辨析 一、宾语从句的连接词： 1、连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。eg. He knew (that) he should work hard. 2、连词if 、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。eg. Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present. He asked me whether or not I was coming. 一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided. ②在介词前：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain. ③与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not. 3、连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, how，它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in. I wonder where he got so much money. 【注意】1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。eg. I don’t know how I should do with the presents. è I don’t know how to do with the presents. 2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型. 二、宾语从句的语序：宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see?(╳) Can you tell me who(m) we have to see?( √) The teacher asked the students what they
宾语从句： 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。通俗的说就是一个句子做另一个句子的宾语. 主要跟在及物动词和介词之后。一般由“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其它”构成，其语序是述句语序。 如何判断： 1．可以从整个句式看,宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。 2．从引导词看。if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义为“是否”，when 充当宾语从句的连接词时，意为“什么时候”。 3．从时态看。if和when作连接词时，引导宾语从句要注意：从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。 所以宾语从句的三大要素：时态语序引导词 前世今生： I know you . you are right.→I know you are right. /I know that you are right. ?引导词 ?that (后面是述句) I believe that you are an honest boy. ?what which who I don’t know what they are going to d o. what are they going to do？ whose whom Tell me whose PSP it is.（whose PSP is it？） where when Can you tell me where he lives? where does he live? Why how I know why he was late. (why was he late？)
（特殊疑问句） ?if / whether（一般疑问句/是否） I want to know if Miss Gao is back. Is Miss Gao back？ ?另外，含how的词组也可引导宾语从句。主要有how old，how many，how much， how long，how often，how far等。如：Do you know how old he is？ ?语序：宾语从句的连词后要用述句语序。（主谓语句，即引导词后面直接跟主语）Who can tell us ———— over there? A．what they talk about B．what do they talk about C．what are they talking about D．what they are talking about 注意： what was the matter这个比较特殊，特殊疑问词在句中做主语时从句不改变语序。 ?时态 ?主过从过：主句是过去的时态，从句要变成相应的过去的时态。从句动词过去式。 一般现在时→一般过去时；一般将来时→过去将来时；现在进行时→过去进行时；现在完成时→过去完成时 ?主现从随便：主句是一般现在的时态，从句根据句子选择。 She says that she is a policewoman. She said that she a policewoman.
宾语从句 Teaching Aims：让学生通过学习宾语从句，能正确做题，并能在交际及写作中正确运用。 Main and Difficult Point s:时态中的细化角度，以及含宾语从句的反意疑问句。 Analysis: 宾语从句在初中语法中是重点，中考选择题必有一道。 Teaching Procedure: 1定义的角度：在复合句中充当宾语成分的句子叫宾语从句。 eg I know you. (主+谓+宾） I know(主+谓+宾语从句) 2 从解题的角度： ①语序的角度：从句总是要用陈述句的语序（主谓不倒装） What are they talking about ? I want to know. ?I want to know what they are talking about. How can I get to the train station ? Can you tell me? ?Can you tell me how I can get to the train station? ②从时态的角度： a .如果主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何一种时态。 I know you are a teacher. (一般现在时) I know you were a teacher three years ago.（一般过去时） I know you will be a teacher next year. (一般将来时)(主现从任) b.如果主句是一般过去时，从句就要根据时间状语而用相应的过去的某种时态。 I heard you had a bad cold.（一般过去时） He asked me what I was doing last night (过去进行时) He told me that he had finished his homework last night.（过去完成）
1.宾语从句的概念 2.宾语从句的用法 二、重点、难点 宾语从句的引导词、语序、时态。 1. 2. 二、语序 宾语从句要用陈述语序，即：连接词+主语+谓语+其他。 当宾语从句表示否定意义，主句主语为第一人称、谓语动词是think/believe/suppose/guess 等时，一般将否定词not转移到主句的谓语中，这种现象叫“否定的前移”。但翻译时，仍否定从句，并且变反意疑问句时，反意部分时态和人称与从句的时态和人称一致。 【例句】 I don’t believehecanworkoutthemathproblem.我认为他做不出那道数学题。 Idon’tthinkheisright,ishe?我认为他不对，是吧？ 三、时态
宾语从句的时态一般受主句时态的影响。当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句可以根据具体情况用适当的时态。 当主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态。 但当从句表示的是名言、客观真理或自然现象等时，其时态一般不受主句时态的限制，均用一般现在时。 【例句】 Iwanttoknowhowhecameyesterday.我想知道他昨天是怎样来的。 SheaskedifhewasleavingforBeijingsoon. 她问他是否会很快离开去北京。 Lucytoldhersonthatleavesturnyellowinautumn.露西告诉儿子，秋天树叶变黄。 四、宾语从句与简单句的相互转化 1.+不定 Idon 2./动词的 3.that 1.— — C.howlongarewegoingtobeaway D.howlongwearegoingtobeaway 2.Idon’tknow__________theycouldpasstheexamornot. A.that B.what C.which D.whether 3.Parentsshouldlettheirchildrendo__________. A.whatdotheylike B.whattheylike C.whatwilltheylike D.theylikewhat 4.OurEnglishteachertoldusthatlight__________muchfasterthansound. A.traveled B.travels C.travel D.traveling 答案：1-4DDBB