1 FIM Fault Isolation Manual故障隔离手册
2 AMM Aircraft Maintenance Manual飞机维护手册
3 WDM Wiring Diagram Manual线路图手册
4 SSM System Schematics Manual系统原理图手册
5 SRM Structure Repair Manual结构修理手册
6 CMM Component Maintenance Manual (Overhaul Manual)部件维护手册（大修）
7 NDT Non-Destructive Test Manual无损探伤手册
8 CPM Corrosion Prevention Manual防腐手册
9 PPBM Power Plant Buildup Manual动力装置手册
10 BITE Built-in Test Equipment Manual自检手册（Only for CRJ）
11 SB Service Bulletin服务通告On Line
12 SL Service Letter服务信件On Line
民航机务专业术语
1、the airframe 机身,结构
2、The front (fore) part 前部
3、The rear (aft) part 后部
4、port 左旋(舵)
5、starboard 右旋(舵)
6、the inboard engine or inboards 内侧发动机
7、the outboard engine or outboards 外侧发动机
8、the nose 机头
9、the belly 腹部
10、the skin 蒙皮
11、the windscreen or windshield 风挡
12、the wing 机翼
13、the trailing edge 机翼后缘
14、the leading edge 机翼前缘
15、the wing tip 翼尖
16、the control surface 操纵面
17、ailerons 副翼
18、flaps (inboard flap,outboard flap,leading edge flaps) 襟翼（内侧襟翼，外侧襟翼，前缘缝翼）
19、spoilers (inboard\outboard spoiler)(spoiler down\up) 阻力板，扰流板（内、外侧扰流板）（扰流板放下、打开）
20、slats 缝翼
21、elevators (elevator control tab) 升降舵（升降舵操纵片）
22、rudder (rudder control tab) 方向舵（方向舵操纵片）
23、flap angle 襟翼角
24、flap setting 襟翼调整
25、the full flap position 全襟翼位置
26、a flapless landing 无襟翼着陆
27、the landing gear 起落架
28、stabilizer 安定面
29、the nose wheel 前轮
30、gear locked 起落架锁定
31、the wheel well 起落架舱
32、the wheel door 起落架舱门
33、a tyre 轮胎
34、to burst 爆破
35、a deflated tyre 放了气的轮胎
36、a flat tyre 走了气的轮胎
37、a puncture 轮胎被扎破
38、to extend the flaps (to retract the flaps) 放下襟翼（收上襟翼）
39、gear extention (gear retraction) 起落架放下（起落架收上）
40、The gear is jammed. 起落架被卡死。
41、The flaps are jammed. 襟翼被卡死。
42、the emergency extention system 应急放下系统
43、to crank the gear down 摆动放下起落架
44、the brakes 刹车
45、disc brakes 刹车片
46、an anti-skid device 防泄装置
47、an arresting gear 制动装置
48、thrust reversers 推力换向器
49、The brakes are unreliable 刹车不可靠。
50、Braking action is poor. 刹车状况不好。
51、brake wear 刹车磨损
52、to overheat 超温（过热）
53、to bring the plane to a stop 使飞机停下
54、the passenger cabin 客舱
55、the floor 地板
56、the ceiling 顶棚
57、the galley 机上厨房
58、the toilets 厕所
59、the lounge 休息室
60、the partitions 隔墙
61、the interior fittings 机上用具
62、oxygen mask 氧气面罩
63、the cargo-hold 货舱
64、a nacelle 引擎机舱
65、a pod 发动机吊舱
66、the air inlet or intake 进气道
67、water ingestion 注水
68、the fan blades 风扇叶片
69、the LP and HP compressors 低压和高压压缩机
70、the compressor blades 压缩机叶片
71、the nozzles 喷管（嘴），排气管
72、the exhaust section 排气部分
73、thrust reversers 反推器 74、the RPM (revolution per minute) 转速（转每分）
75、to set the engine to idle 慢车
76、to give full throttle (or power) to the engine 全油门（风门）
77、to throttle up the engine 加油门
78、throttle down (or back) the engine 收油门
79、vibration 振动
80、to overheat 超温
81、The engine is low on power. 马力小
82、engine surge 发动机喘振
83、engine shutdown 停车
84、engine flame out 发动机熄火
85、engine feathered 顺桨
86、fuel system 燃油系统
87、fuel tanks 油箱
88、fuel lines 油路（管）
89、fuel pump 油泵
90、oil pressure indicators 滑油压力表
91、oil temperature indicator 滑油温度表
92、hydraulic system 液压系统
93、air-conditioning system 空调系统
94、cooling 冷却
95、heating 加热 96、the fans 吹风器
97、pressurization 增压泵
98、electrical system 电器系统
99、a DC generator 直流发电机
100、a AC generator 交流发电机
101、flight control system 飞行操纵系统
102、to dire 俯冲
103、to level off 拉平
104、to stall 失速
105、a slipping turn; a skidding turn 打地转
106、belly landing 迫降
107、force landing 强迫降落
108、vortex generators 涡流产生器
109、balance tab 平衡片
110、control column 驾驶杆
111、low range radio altimeter system 低高度无线电高度表系统112、altitude alerting system 高度警戒系统
113、height indicator 高度表
114、radio altimeter 无线电高度表
115、receiver transmitter No1 发动机一号
116、Doppler navigation system 多卜勒导航系统
117、Ground speed and drift indicator 地速和偏流显示器118、transponder receiver 应答机接收机
119、transponder decoder 应答机译码器
120、transponder encoder 应答机编码器
121、transponder transmitter 应答机发射机
122、transponder modulator 应答机调制器
123、Reply mode A or B. 回答方式A或B。
124、Altitude interrogation mode C 高度询问方式C。125、Identity interrogation mode B 识别询问方式B。126、code indicator 代码显示器
127、transponder selector switch 应答机显示电门128、code selector switches 代码选择电门
129、altitude reporting switch 高度报告电门
130、mode switch 方式电门
131、Identification button 识别按钮
132、weather radar 气象雷达
133、DME indicator 测距机指示机
134、Loran receiver 罗兰接受机
135、interphone system 内话系统
136、passenger address system 广播系统
137、HF communication systems 高频电讯系统138、UHF communication systems 甚高频通讯系统139、voice recorder system 录音机系统
140、navigation system 导航系统
141、Pilot’s Mach Airspeed Indicators 驾驶员的马赫空速表
142、Vertical speed indicators 垂直空速表
143、Flight director indicator 飞行指示仪
144、Course deviation indicator 航道罗盘
145、air speed indicator 空速表
146、Automatic pilot 自动驾驶
147、Anti-icing system 防冰系统
148、throttle system 油门系统
149、tachometer indicator 转速表
150、Engine vibration indicator 发动机震动指示表
151、Forward thrust reverser controls 前反推装置操纵
152、Aft thrust reverser controls 后反推装置操纵
153、engine oil system 发动机滑油系统
154、Oil temperature indicator system 滑油温度指示系统
155、Oil quantity indicating system 滑油油量指示系统
156、oil pressure indicator 滑油压力表
157、starting system 启动系统
158、Emergency exit hatch 紧急出口窗
159、Outward opening emergency exit hatch 外开式紧急出口门
160、Door warning system 门警系统
161、Landing gear control handle 起落架操纵手柄
162、Control handle up, gear retracting door open. 操纵手柄向上，起落架收上时舱门
打开。
163、Control handle up, gear up and locked, door closed. 操纵手柄向上起落架收上并锁住舱门关闭。
164、Landing gear warning horn 起落架警告喇叭
165、Main (Nose) gear emergency extension system 主（前）起落架紧急放下系统 166、nose wheel steering control 前轮转弯操纵
167、Nose wheel steering hydraulic system 前轮转弯液压系统
168、Brake hydraulic system 液压刹车
169、Pneumatic brake system 空气刹车系统
170、Parking brake 停留刹车
171、fuel receptacle 加油接头
172、Pressure fueling station 压力加油仓口
173、usable fuel 可用燃油
174、main tank 主油箱
175、reserve tank 副油箱
176、fuel tank arrangement 燃油箱分布
177、fuel boost pump 增压泵
178、fuel quantity indicator 油量指示泵
179、fuel tank filler cap assemblies 燃油箱加油口盖
180、filler cap adapter 加油口盖接口
181、drip stick 量油尺
182、hydraulic system 液力系统
183、Auxiliary hydraulic pump 副液力泵
184、air condition system 空调系统
185、main cabin air condition 主舱空调
186、engine fire extinguishing system 发动机灭火系统
187、fire extinguisher bottle 灭火机
188、fire detection system 火警探测系统
189、pitot tube anti-icing 空速管防冰
190、control cabin window anti-icing system 驾驶舱风挡防冰系统191、De-icing system (De-icer) 除冰系统（除冰器）
192、window panes pilot’s (captain’s) 正驾驶风挡玻璃
193、window heat control unit 风挡加温控制器
194、windshied wiper system 风挡括水系统
195、captain’s windshield wiper 正驾驶风挡括水
196、wing anti-icing 机翼防冰
197、autopilot 自动驾驶
198、external power receptacle 外部电源插座
199、forward toilet drain (Aft toilet drain) 前厕所泄放口（后厕所泄放口）200、Pneumatic ground service air connection 地面空气充气接头201、Water system filler 加水口
202、Conditioned air ground system connection 空调系统地面接头203、control system 操纵系统
204、elevator shaking 升降舵松动
205、Aileron response sluggish. 副翼反应迟钝。
206、Aircraft rolling right and left. 飞机左右摇摆。
207、Cockpit wind shield broken. 驾驶舱挡风玻璃破裂。
208、rate of climb indicator 升降速率表
209、elevator trim indicator 升降舵调整片指示表
210、gyro horizon 陀螺地平仪
211、Hydraulic pump failure. 液压泵失效。
212、electric pump 电动泵
213、turbo pump 涡轮泵
214、auxiliary pump 辅助泵
215、nose taxi lamp 前滑行灯
216、right navigation lamp 右航行灯
217、Anti-collision lights (flashing beacon) 防撞灯（闪光灯）
218、weather rad scanner antenna 雷达扫描天线
219、antenna tilt control 天线俯仰控制
220、May we go on board to see your cockpit? 我们上飞机看看驾驶舱好吗？221、May we go on board to visit your aircraft? 我们上飞机参观一下好吗？
222、We want to know some data (performance) of this kind of aircraft, such as: 我们相了解这种飞机的一些数据，比如：
223、wing span 翼展
224、length overall 全长
225、height overall 全高
226、wheel track (undercarriage track) 主轮距
227、wheel base 前后轮距
228、
the minimum of the steering (turning) radius (minimum ground turning radius) 最小转弯半径（地面最小转弯半径）
229、the height of the cabin door (passenger door’s height to sill) 客舱门离地高度230、the size of the cabin door (passenger door’s height and width) 客舱门尺
寸 231、maximum ramp weight 最大滑行重量
232、basic operating weight 基本重量
233、maximum take-off weight 最大起飞重量
234、maximum landing weight 最大着陆重量
235、maximum zero-fuel weight empty 最大无油重量
236、maximum payload 最大业载
237、fuel load (reserve fuel \residual fuel) 载油量（备份油量、剩余油量）
238、the total weight of fuel, fuel consumption and endurance 总燃油量耗油量与续航时间
239、maximum level speed 最大平飞速度
240、maximum cruising speed 最大巡航速度
241、economical cruising speed 经济巡航速度 242、long-range cruising speed 远程巡航速度
243、stalling speed (flaps down,up\at maximum landing weight\at sea level) 失速速
度（襟翼放下或收上，以最大着陆重量，在海平面）
244、never-exceed speed extreme speed 极限速度
245、service ceiling (practical ceiling\operating ceiling) 实用升限（使用升限）246、take-off run 起飞滑跑长度
247、landing run 着陆滑跑长度
248、take-off distance 起飞距离（使用场地长度）
249、landing distance 着陆距离（使用场地长度）
250、the maximum and normal rate of climb and descending 最大与正常上升、下降率
251、the maximum routing (range) 最大航程
252、the number of passenger seats 旅客座位数目
253、the maximum take-off power 最大起飞功率（推力）
254、the maximum except take-off power 额定功率
255、surplus power 剩余功率
256、take-off characteristics 起飞性能
257、radius of action 活动半径
258、aerodrome practice (test flight\trial race) 本场飞行训练（试飞、试航）
259、ground roop 打地转
260、nose over 拿大顶 261、crash onto runway 摔毁在跑道上
262、drift off the R/W (running off the edge of the R/W) （侧风影响）偏离跑道（飞机偏出轨道）
263、short of R/W (undershoot run) 场外接地（提前接地）
264、over run the R/W (run off\out of the R/W) 冲出跑道（滑跑冲出跑道）265、sideslip landing 带侧滑着陆
266、single engine landing (two-engine landing) 单发着陆（双发着陆）267、belly landing (All-gear-up landing) 机腹着陆
268、crash landing 摔机着陆（尤指机腹着陆）
269、emergency landing 紧急着陆
270、forced landing (distress landing) 强迫着陆
271、abnormal landing 不正常着陆
272、cross wind landing 侧风着陆
273、down wind landing (upwind landing) 顺风着陆（顶风着陆）
274、tail-wind landing (head-wind landing) 顺风着陆（顶风着陆）
275、heavy-weight landing 大载重着陆
276、high-speed landing 大速度着陆
277、short landing 短距滑跑着陆或是目测低的着陆
278、short-field landing (short approach) 短跑道着陆（小航线进场着陆）279、one-wheel landing 单轮着陆
280、off-field landing (outside landing) 场外着陆
281、touch and go landing (follow through take-off) 连续起飞
282、full-stop landing 全跑道着陆（滑跑到全停的着陆）
283、taxi-back landing 滑回的着陆（着陆后滑回起飞线，区别于连续起飞着陆）284、abandon the take-off (abort the take-off) 中断起飞
285、abandoned (aborted\refused\rejected) take-off 中断的起飞
286、reject the take-off 停止起飞
287、all-engine (power units) operating take-off 全发起飞
288、engine cut out take-off 单发停车起飞
289、cross wind take-off 侧风起飞
290、down wind take-off 顶风起飞
291、up wind take-off 逆风起飞
292、full-flap take-off (flapless take-off) 全襟翼起飞（不放襟翼起飞）
293、full throttle take-off 全油门起飞
294、full power take-off 全推力（最大功率）起飞 295、rolling (running) take-off 直接起飞（不在跑道头停留的起飞）
296、spot take-off 定点起飞
297、minimum interval take-off 保持最小间隙起飞
298、maximum-performance take-off (short field take-off) 最大性能起飞（指滑跑距离最短的起飞、短距起飞）
299、marginal take-off 安全边缘起飞（没有足够安全保证的起飞）
300、full-gross-weight take-off 最大起飞重量起飞
301、full-loaded take-off 满载起飞
302、heavy weight take-off 重载起飞
303、high gross weight take-off 重载起飞，大起飞重量起飞
304、overload take-off 超载起飞
305、flight (flying) trim 飞行配平
306、A/C trim 飞机配平
307、automatic trim 自动配平 308、level flight (horizontal flight) 平飞309、level turning 平飞转弯
310、shallow (smooth\wide\gentle) turn bank 小坡度转弯（坡度小于25度）311、medium turn bank 中坡度转弯（坡度25-45度）
312、steep (sharp) turn back 大坡度转弯（坡度45-70度）
313、normal turn 标准转弯，正常转弯（转弯角速度为3度/秒，坡度约为15度）314、turning point (bank\time) 转弯点（坡度、时间）
315、pivoting turn 原地转弯（指飞机在地面上）
316、taxiing turn 滑行转弯
317、cross wind turn 一转弯
318、down wind turn 二转弯
319、turn to base (turning base) 三转弯
320、turn to final (turning final\final turn) 四转弯
321、base turn 三四转弯（连续做三四转弯）
322、approach end of the runway 跑道进入着陆端
323、down wind end of the runway 跑道顺风端
324、departure end of the runway 跑道起飞离地端
325、upwind end of the runway 跑道逆风端
326、take-off end of the runway 跑道起飞端
327、touch down end of the runway 跑道着陆接地端
328、rollout (stop) end of the runway 着陆跑道停止端
329、accident 事故
330、grade of accident 事故等级
331、serious accident\catastrophe\fatal accident\disastrous accident 一等事故；机毁人亡事故
332、accident 二等事故
333、break down minor accident 三等事故；一般事故
334、accident report 事故报告
335、air accident investigation 飞行事故调查
336、field investigation 野外调查、事故现场调查
337、on-the-spot investigation 事故现场调查
338、accident data recorder 飞行事故记录器
339、crash recorder 事故记录器
340、accident data recorder (tape) 飞行事故记录器（记录带）
341、crash-protected recorder 能防毁的飞行记录器
342、stainless steel tape flight recorder 不锈钢带飞行记录器
343、cockpit recorder 驾驶舱内记录器
344、cockpit voice recorder 驾驶舱内录音机
345、tower tape 塔台录音磁带
346、transfer recording 复制录音
347、TV recording 电视录象
348、video tape recorder 磁带录象机 349、video recording 录象
350、video tape recording 磁带录象
351、air (avition) accident\flight (flying) accident 飞行事故、空中失事
352、avoidable accident (preventable accident) 可避免的事故（可防止的事故）353、collision accident (mid-air collision accident\air-to-air collision) 空中相撞事故354、near-miss (near collision) 危险接近
355、potential accident （飞行）事故征候
356、human error accident 操作错误事故（人为事故）
357、pilot-caused accident (pilot factor accident\pilot error accident) 飞行员责任事故（驾驶错误事故）
358、domestic operation accident international operation accident 国内航线飞行事故（国际航线飞行事故）
359、gear accident (gear-up landing accident) 起落架故障飞行事故（未放起落架着陆事故）
360、gear retraction accident （地面）收起落架事故
361、gross overload accident 超载事故
362、
high-ground-hitting accident (collide with high ground\crash into high ground) 与高地相撞事故（撞在高地上毁坏）
363、aircraft-mountain collision 飞机撞山
364、ground accident 地面事故
365、taxi accident (taxi collision accident) 滑行事故（滑行相撞事故）
366、head-on collision accident （空中）对头相撞
367、take-off accident 起飞事故
368、turbulence accident 尾流事故
369、landing accident 着陆事故
370、stalling (stall out) accident 失速事故
371、survival (survivable) accident 人员幸存事故
372、unexplained accident 原因不明的飞行事故
373、accident-free 无事故的
374、explosive accident （空中）爆炸事故
375、material failure accident 设备故障飞行事故
376、man-made accident 人为的事故
2. Flight Operations:
13 AFM Aircraft Flight Manual飞机飞行手册
14 OM Operations Manual飞机操作手册
15 QRH Quick Reference Handbook快速检查单
16 WB Weight and Balance Manual重量平衡手册
17 DDPG Dispatch Deviation Procedure Guide派遣偏差指南
18 FCTM Flight Crew Training Manual机组乘员训练手册
19 PEM Performance Engineer’s Manual性能工程师手册
20 FRM Fault Reporting Manual故障报告手册
3. Maintenance Planning:
21 MPD Maintenance Planning Data Documents维护计划数据文件
22 TC Maintenance Task Card维护工卡
23 MIIR Maintenance Inspection Intervals Report维护检查间隔报告
4. Spares:
24 AIPC Aircraft Illustrated Parts Catalog飞机图解部件目录
25 Standards Books Boeing标准件手册
5. Facilities and Equipment Planning:
26 FEPD Facilities and Equipment Planning Document设施、设备计划文件
27 Special Tool and Ground Handling Equipment Drawings特殊工装、地面搬运设备图纸
28 ARD Airplane Recovery Document飞机恢复文件
29 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning飞机特性和机坪计划
30 Crash, Fire and Rescue Document坠毁、起火和急救文件
31 EHD Engine Handling Document发动机搬运文件
6. Extended Range Operations:
32 Configuration, Maintenance and Procedures for Extended Range Operations Document延程操作的构型、维护和程序
常见银行英语词汇account number 帐号 depositor 存户 pay-in slip 存款单 a deposit form 存款单 a banding machine 自动存取机 to deposit 存款 deposit receipt 存款收据 private deposits 私人存款 certificate of deposit 存单 deposit book, passbook 存折 credit card 信用卡 principal 本金 overdraft, overdraw 透支 to counter sign 双签 to endorse 背书 endorser 背书人 to cash 兑现 to honor a cheque 兑付 to dishonor a cheque 拒付 to suspend payment 止付 cheque,check 支票
cheque book 支票本 order cheque 记名支票 bearer cheque 不记名支票 crossed cheque 横线支票 blank cheque 空白支票 rubber cheque 空头支票 cheque stub, counterfoil 票根 cash cheque 现金支票 traveler's cheque 旅行支票 cheque for transfer 转帐支票 outstanding cheque 未付支票 canceled cheque 已付支票 forged cheque 伪支票 Bandar's note 庄票，银票 banker 银行家 president 行长 savings bank 储蓄银行 Chase Bank 大通银行 Citibank 花旗银行 Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行Banque de I'IndoChine 东方汇理银行
飞机 A/C（是airc raft 的英文缩写形式） 航前检查 pre flight check 航后检查 postflight check 短停检查 transi t check 定检 scheduled m aintenance 发现 found或revealed （注：对已发生事情的描述常用过去式） 故障 trouble 或 failure 或 fault 失效 fail 或 malfunction 不工作 inoperative 缩写INOP 工作不稳定 rough 工作稳定 smoothly 排故 troubleshooting 为了排故 for troubleshoo ting 不能fail to…或can’t 根据 refer 或 per to 或according to； 维护手册 AMM 更换 replaced 件号 part number 缩写P/ N 时控件 time control part 拆下 removed 安装 installed 上件 part on
下件 part off 放行标准 DDG（是dispatch deviation guide的英文缩写形式） 最低设备清单 MEL（是mini mum equipment list的缩写形式） 同意放行 dispatch approv ed 或 released 因为 due 或 because 因停场时间不足 due time short 没有备件 lack parts 或 no spare parts available 或 no parts in stock 待件 wait for parts 申请保留 apply for reser vation 保留故障 defer defect 保留项目 defer item 保留期限 due time 关闭保留项目 close defer red item 撤消保留项目 rescind def erred item 前部 forward 缩写fwd 后部 after 缩写aft 左 left 缩写L 或 LH 右 right 缩写R 或 R H 上面 upper 下面 lower 内侧 inboard 缩写 I/B 外侧 outboard 缩写 O/B
1. 现金业务：cash business 2. 转账业务：transfer business 3. 汇兑业务：currency exchange business 4. 委托收款：commission receivables 5. 发放贷款：loans 6. 贷款收回：loan recovery 7. 贷款展期：loan extension 8. 办理银行汇票：apply for bank drafts 9. 收息：interest 10 托收：collection 其他相关：帐目编号account number 存户depositor 存款单pay-in slip 存款单 a deposit form 自动存取机 a banding machine 存款deposit 存款收据deposit receipt 私人存款private deposit 存单certificate deposit 存折deposit book 信用卡credit card 本金principal 透支overdrafts overdraw 双签 a counter sign 背书to endorse 背书人endorser 兑现to cash 兑付to honor a cheque 拒付to dishonor a cheque 止付to suspend payment 支票cheque ,check 支票本cheque book 记名支票order cheque 不记名支票bearer cheque 横线支票crossed cheque 空白支票blank cheque rubber cheque 空头支票cheque stub, counterfoil 票根
修改过程装备与控制工程专业英语翻译Unit 16 压力容器及其部件 压力容器时不泄露的容器。它们有各种尺寸。最小的直径不到一英寸，最大的直径能达到150英尺甚至更大。某些是埋在地下或海洋深处，多数是安放在地上或支撑在平台上，还有一些实际上是在航天飞行器中的贮槽和液压装置中。 由于内部压力，容器被设计成各种形状和尺寸。内部的压力可能低到1英寸，水的表面压力可能达到300000多磅。普通的单层表面建筑压力是15到5000磅，虽然有很多容器的设计压力高出或低于这个范围。ASME锅炉和压力标准中第八卷第一节指定一个范围从15磅在底部到上限，然而，内部压力在3000磅以上，ASME 标准，第八卷第一节，指出考虑特殊设计的情况是必要的。 压力容器的典型部件描述如下: 圆柱壳体在石化工业中对于结构压力容器圆柱壳体是经常被用到的，它是很容易制造、安装并且维修很经济。虽然在一些场合应用载荷和外压控制，要求的厚度通常由内压决定。其他因素如热应力和不连续压力可能有要求厚度决定。 成型的封头许多的端封头和过度部分有设计工程师选择。用一种结构相对另一种依靠很多因素，如成型方法、材料成本、和空间限。一些经常应用的成型封头是: 带凸缘的封头这些封头通常在较低压力的压力设备中，例如汽油罐和锅炉。有些也应用在较高压力的但是较小直径的设备中。设计和结构的许多细节在ASME 标准，第八卷第一节中给出。 半球形封头通常，在一个给定温度和压力下半球形的要求厚度是相同直径和材料圆柱壳体的一半。假如我们用镍和钛昂贵的合金建造实心或覆盖形半球形封头，这样是很经济的。假如使用碳钢，然而，由于这高价的制造费用就不比凸缘形
飞机A/C（是aircraft 的英文缩写形式） 航前检查preflight check 航后检查postflight check 短停检查transit check 定检scheduled maintenance 发现found或revealed（注：对已发生事情的描述常用过去式） 故障trouble 或failure 或fault 失效fail 或malfunction 不工作inoperative 缩写INOP 工作不稳定rough 工作稳定smoothly 排故troubleshooting 为了排故for troubleshooting 不能fail to…或can’t 根据refer 或per to 或according t o； 维护手册AMM 更换replaced 件号part number 缩写P/N 时控件time control part 拆下removed 安装installed 上件part on 下件part off 放行标准DDG（是dispatch deviatio n guide的英文缩写形式） 最低设备清单MEL（是minimum equ ipment list的缩写形式） 同意放行dispatch approved 或rele ased 因为due 或because 因停场时间不足due time short
没有备件lack parts 或no spare pa rts available 或no parts in stock 待件wait for parts 申请保留apply for reservation 保留故障defer defect 保留项目defer item 保留期限due time 关闭保留项目close deferred item 撤消保留项目rescind deferred item 前部forward 缩写fwd 后部after 缩写aft 左left 缩写L 或LH 右right 缩写R 或RH 上面upper 下面lower 内侧inboard 缩写I/B 外侧outboard 缩写O/B 内侧发动机inboard engine 外侧发动机overboard engine 起落架landing gear 缩写LDG 主轮main wheel 前轮nose wheel 测试test 通电测试power-on test 安装测试test for installation 操作测试operational test 系统测试test for system 正常normal 或OK 异常abnormal 在空中in flight 在地面on ground 地面检查GND check 试车检查running-up test （同机）对串件interchanged…with…
银行常用英语短句 1. Good morning, sir. What can I do for you? Hi, Mr, Jones. Can I help you? Excuse me, madam, but may I help you? Sir (miss), may I help you? 先生/女士/小姐, 请问，我可以为您做些什么吗？ 2. Hello! 您好 3. How nice to see you again! I’m glad to see you again! It’s good to see you again! 很高兴再见到您！ 4. Pardon? I beg your pardon. Beg your pardon. Would you mind repeating your question,please? 能再说一遍吗？ 5. I’m sorry, but would you please speak more slowly. I couldn’t catch your meaning (follow you). 对不起，能否请您说得再慢些，我没能明白您的意思。 6. Do you mean that ….? 您指的是….吗？
7. Would you like to open a current account or a time saving account? 您想开立一个活期账户还是定期账户？ 8. How much do you want to deposit (draw) your money? 您想存（取）多少钱？ 9. What is your name? 请问叫什么名字？ 10. May I ask your nationality? 请问您的国籍？ 11. Might I ask your passport number? 请问您的护照号码？ 12. Would you mind if I ask your account number? 请问您的账号？ 13. 如果对于顾客拜托我们的事，我们能够完成的话，那么我们可以回答：Yes, sir(madam). Certainly, sir(madam). Of course, sir(madam). All right, sir(madam). With pleasure, sir(madam). 14. 如果对于顾客拜托我们的事，我们不能完成的话，那么我们可以回答：I’m sorry, sir(madam), but…… I’m afraid we cannot help you ,because……
abrasiveness 研磨；腐蚀absolute 绝对的accumulate 堆积；积累 acid 酸；酸性的，酸味的actuator 执行机构 adjust 调整；调节agitation 搅拌 air preheater 空气预热器 air register 空气调节器airflow 气流 alkali 碱 allowance 公差，容差，容许量alloy 合金 alternating current 交流电 angle 角度，角 apparatus 装置，仪器，仪表application 应用 artificial 人造的；仿造的assembly 装配 atmospheric 大气的，大气层的austenite 奥氏体 automation 自动化，自动操作auxiliary 辅助设备，附属机构backflow 回流 baffle 挡板；折流板；隔板batch 一批，批量 bearing 轴承 bellow 波纹管 belt 带；腰带；地带blade 叶片 blower 鼓风机 boiler 锅炉
bolt 螺栓 bonnet 阀盖，阀帽，机罩box furnace 箱式炉 brittle 易碎的，脆弱的burner 燃烧器 bushing 轴衬；套管butterfly valve 蝶阀capacity 容积 carbon steel 碳钢，碳素钢casing 机壳 cast 浇铸 catalyst 催化剂category 分类，种类cavity 腔；洞，凹处centrifugal force 离心力chamber 腔，室，船舱check valve 止回阀checklist 检查表，清单classify 分类；分等clockwise 顺时针方向的coating 涂层，覆盖层coefficient 系数 coil 盘管，线圈 coking 结焦，焦化 column 圆柱，柱形物combination 结合 combustion 燃烧，氧化 component 成分；组件；零件composition 组成，成分 compressor 压缩机 concentration 浓度 concentric 同轴的，同心的
机务实用英语词汇 轮档挡好-- Chocks in 地面电源设备接好--Ground power connected 收到-- Roger 现在关闭发动机--Shutting down engines 准备牵引-- Ready for pushback 所有舱门已关好--All doors checked closed >松刹车-- Brakes off 松刹车-- Release parking brakes 刹车已松-- Brakes off 刹车已松-- parking brake Released 可以牵引--Clear for pushback 23号跑道起飞--Runway( or face)two three 05号跑道起飞--Runway( or face)zero five 牵引完成--Pushback complete 刹车--Brakes on 刹车--Set parking brake 刹车刹好--Brakes on 刹车刹好-- Parking brake set 准备启动1（或2）号发动机--Start number one(or two) 可以启动1（或2）号发动机--Clear number one(or two) 已经供气（如需气源车）--Pressure on 启动结束--Start complete 断开地面设备-- Disconnect ground equipment 插销移开--Ping Removed 稍等--Standby Air Conditioning System （空调系统） PACK空调主件 HOT BLEED AIR热引气 OUTLET DUCT外流管 BYPASS V ALVE旁通活门 RAM AIR 冲压空气 INLET SCOOP 进气口 TRIM AIR V ALVE 调节空气 PACK FLOW SWITCH空调主件流量 EXTRACTOR FAN 排气风扇 GUARDED FLAP 有保护盖的导片 ISOLATION V ALVE 隔离活门 “LIGHT OUT”AUTO POSITION “灯灭”自动状态 BLOWER 鼓风机 EXTRCTOR排风扇 OVERBOARD 机外 ONBOARD机上 OPEN-CIRCUIT开路
1.现金业务：c a s h b u s i n e s s 2.转账业务：transfer business 3.汇兑业务：currency exchange business 4.委托收款：commission receivables 5.发放贷款：loans 6.贷款收回：loan recovery 7.贷款展期：loan extension 8.办理银行汇票：apply for bank drafts 9.收息：interest 10托收：collection 其他相关： 帐目编号account number 存户depositor 存款单pay-in slip 存款单a deposit form 自动存取机a banding machine 存款deposit 存款收据deposit receipt 私人存款private deposit 存单certificate deposit 存折deposit book 信用卡credit card 本金principal 透支overdrafts overdraw 双签a counter sign 背书to endorse 背书人endorser 兑现to cash 兑付to honor a cheque 拒付to dishonor a cheque 止付to suspend payment 支票cheque ,check 支票本cheque book 记名支票order cheque 不记名支票bearer cheque 横线支票crossed cheque 空白支票blank cheque rubber cheque 空头支票 cheque stub, counterfoil 票根 cash cheque 现金支票 traveler's cheque 旅行支票 cheque for transfer 转帐支票 outstanding cheque 未付支票 canceled cheque 已付支票
Reading Material 6 Stainless Steel Stainless steels do not rust in the atmosphere as most other steels do. The term "stainless" implies a resistance to staining, rusting, and pitting in the air, moist and polluted as it is, and generally defines a chromium content in excess of 11 % but less than 30%. And the fact that the stuff is "steel" means that the base is iron. Stainless steels have room-temperature yield strengths that range from 205 MPa (30 ksi) to more than 1725 MPa (250 ksi). Operating temperatures around 750 C (1400 F) are reached. At the other extreme of temperature some stainless steels maintain their toughness down to temperatures approaching absolute zero. With specific restrictions in certain types, the stainless steels can be shaped and fabricated in conventional ways. They can be produced and used in the as-cast condition; shapes can be produced by powder-metallurgy techniques; cast ingots can be rolled or forged (and this accounts for the greatest tonnage by far). The rolled product can be drawn, bent, extruded, or spun. Stainless steel can be further shaped by machining, and it can be joined by soldering, brazing, and welding. It can be used as an integral cladding on plain carbon or low-alloy steels. The generic term "stainless steel" covers scores of standard compositions as well as variations bearing company trade names and special alloys made for particular applications. Stainless steels vary in their composition from a fairly simple alloy of, essentially, iron with 11% chromium, to complex alloys that include 30% chromium, substantial quantities of nickel, and half a dozen other effective elements. At the high-chromium, high-nickel end of the range they merge into other groups of heat-resisting alloys, and one has to be arbitrary about a cutoff point. If the alloy content is so high that the iron content is about half, however, the alloy falls outside the stainless family. Even with these imposed restrictions on composition, the range is great, and naturally, the properties that affect fabrication and use vary enormously. It is obviously not enough to specify simply a "stainless steel.” Classification the various specifying bodies categorize stainless steels according to chemical composition and other properties. However, all the stainless steels, whatever specifications they conform to, can be conveniently classified into six major classes that represent three distinct types of alloy constitution, or structure. These classes are ferritic, martensitic, austenitic, manganese-substituted austenitic, duplex austenitic ferritic, and precipitation-hardening. Each class is briefly described below. (1) Ferrous stainless steels: This class is so named because the crystal structure of the steel is the same as that of iron at room temperature. The alloys in the class are magnetic at room temperature and up to their Curie temperature (about 750 C; 1400 F). Common alloys in the ferrous class contain between 11% and 29% chromium, no nickel, and very little carbon in the wrought condition. (2)Martensitic stainless steels: Stainless steels of this class, which
关于民航英语一些常用词汇 1 . handle /'hendle/ v. 处理 2 . item/'aitэm/ n.项目，条款，术语 3 .origin /'oridgin/ n.起源，由来 4 .desination/desti'nei∫эn/ n. 目的地 5 .departure/di'pa:t∫э/ n. 离开 6 .economy class 经济舱 7 .business class 公务舱 8 .first class 头等舱 9 .essential/i'sen∫эl/ a. 基本的 10.offer/'ofэ/ v. 提供 11.route /ru:t/ n. 路线 12.reasonable/'ri:znэbl/ a. 合理的 13.direct flight 衔接航班
14.according to 根据 15.purpose/'pэpэs/ n. 目的 16.available/э'veilэbl/ a.可利用的 17.high season 旺季 18.in that case 那样的话 19.recommend/,rekэ'mend/ v. 推荐 20.standby /'standbai/ v.候补 In the reservation office,the agents whose job is to handle telephone reservations for passengers should know some important items. 呼叫中心负责处理电话预定的工作人员应该掌握一些重要的术语。 First,passenger's name; 首先，顾客的姓名； Second,the number of Identification Card; 其次，顾客的身份证； Third,origin and destination; 第三，出发地和目的地； Fourth,departure time and arrival time; 第四，离港和到达时间；
中国各大银行的英文缩写 中国人民银行——PBC (The People's Bank of China) 中国建设银行——CCB(China Constuction Bank) 中国农业银行——ABC(Agricultural Bank of China) 中国工商银行——ICBC(Industrial and Commercial Bank of China) 中国银行——BOC（Bank of China) 中国民生银行——CMBC（China Minsheng Banking ） 招商银行——CMB(China Merchants Bank ) 兴业银行——CIB (Industrial Bank ) 北京市商业银行——已经改名北京银行——BOB(Bank of Beijing) 交通银行——BCM(Bank of Communications) 中国光大银行——CEB(Chian Everbright Bank) 中信银行——CCB(China CITIC Bank) 广东发展银行——GDB(Guangdong Development Bank) 上海浦东发展银行——SPDB/SPDBank(Shanghai Pudong Development Bank) 深圳发展银行——SDB(Shenzhen Development Bank) 国家开发银行－CDB （China Development Bank） 汇丰银行——HSBC（Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation） 华夏银行——HXB（HUA XIA BANK ） 恒丰银行——（EVERGROWING BANK ） 中国建设银行——CCB(China Constuction Bank) 中国农业银行——ABC(Agricultural Bank of China) 中国工商银行——ICBC(Industrial and Commercial Bank of China) 中国银行——BOC（Bank of China) 中国民生银行——CMBC（China Minsheng Banking Co., Ltd） 招商银行——CMB(China Merchants Bank Ltd) 兴业银行——CIB (Industrial Bank Co., Ltd) 北京市商业银行——已经改名北京银行——BOB(Bank of Beijing) ＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊ 补充几个： 交通银行——BCM(Bank of Communications) 中国光大银行——CEB(Chian Everbright Bank) 中信银行——(China CITIC Bank) 广东发展银行——GDB(Guangdong Development Bank) 上海浦东发展银行——SPDB/SPDBank(Shanghai Pudong Development Bank) 深圳发展银行——SDB(Shenzhen Development Bank) 中国建设银行——CCB(China Constuction Bank) 中国农业银行——ABC(Agricultural Bank of China)
英语词汇银行业务一般业务 ATM:n.自动柜员机 automatic bill payment:自动转帐服务 balance:n.余额；差额 bank account:银行账户 bank holiday:银行公休日；国定假日 banking:n.银行业务 banknote:n.纸币；钞票 certificate of deposit:定期存款 checking account:支票存款账户 deposit:n.存款 discount rate:重贴现率 Individual Retirement Account:个人退休账户 interest:n.利息 safe-deposit box:(银行)保险箱 savings account:储蓄存款账户 signature:n.签名 teller:n.(银行)出纳员 transfer:v.转帐 wire:v.汇款 withdraw:v.提款 商务英语词汇办公室：影印 enlarge :v.放大 jam :v.卡纸 lighten :v.变淡 make a copy of :影印一份…… original :n.原稿 percentage :n.百分比 reset :n.重新设定 scroll down :向下卷动 size :n.大小；尺寸 smudge :n.脏污 streak :n.刮痕 toner :n.碳粉 two-sided :a.双面的 warm-up time :热机时间 商务英语词汇保险：保单 compulsory :a.强制性的 coverage :n.承保范围 expiration :n.期满；截止 insurance :n.保险 insurer :n.保险公司
To sum up总而言之 Dosums算术 Safety protectionof crane起重机的安全保护Productive maintenance生产维修 Equipment service specification设备维修规程Periodic service of equipment 设备的定期检查Regional service of equipment设备的区域维修Dropping your pants降低产品价格求购 Lose face 失面子 Green light 可行的 Save one's neck免受处罚 Stare from scratch白手起家 Keep a good house受到好的招待 For a song 便宜的 Never say under不肯承认 Put onair摆架子 Encroach upon染指 Get snubbed碰钉子 Show magnanimity更高姿态 Dawdle a long待工 Small a rot 感到不妙 Covet money 贪财 Not reveal one's silver in pocket 财不外露Make a humble fortune 理财有方 Regard money as one's life 爱财如命 A mass great fortune 一大笔财富 Unit 2 Commodity inspection商品检测 Plant model selection设备模具的选择(设备选择) Investment plan of plant设备投资计划 Plant renewal 设备的更新 Open-case inspection 开箱检查 Claim for equipment 索赔(设备) Cross over structure 跨越结构 Static strength 静力强度分析 The lion share 最大的分量 Think tank 智能团 Anoutright majority 绝大多数 Live up to a promise 实现，守诺言 Chief Representative行政专家 Chief executive行政主管 Department manager 部门主管
account number 帐号depositor 存户 pay-in slip 存款单 a deposit form 存款单 a banding machine 自动存取机to deposit 存款 deposit receipt 存款收据private deposits 私人存款certificate of deposit 存单deposit book, passbook 存折credit card 信用卡 principal 本金 overdraft, overdraw 透支 to counter sign 双签 to endorse 背书 endorser 背书人 to cash 兑现 to honor a cheque 兑付 to dishonor a cheque 拒付 to suspend payment 止付cheque,check 支票 cheque book 支票本 order cheque 记名支票bearer cheque 不记名支票crossed cheque 横线支票blank cheque 空白支票rubber cheque 空头支票cheque stub, counterfoil 票根
cash cheque 现金支票 traveler's cheque 旅行支票 cheque for transfer 转帐支票 outstanding cheque 未付支票 canceled cheque 已付支票 forged cheque 伪支票 Bandar's note 庄票，银票 banker 银行家 president 行长 savings bank 储蓄银行 Chase Bank 大通银行 Citibank 花旗银行 Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行Banque de I'IndoChine 东方汇理银行 central bank, national bank, banker's bank 中央银行bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行 member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行 discount bank 贴现银行 exchange bank 汇兑银行 requesting bank 委托开证银行 issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行 advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行 negotiation bank 议付银行 confirming bank 保兑银行 paying bank 付款银行 associate banker of collection 代收银行
Reading Material 2 Shear Force And Bending Moment In Beams Let us now consider,as an example ,a cantilever beam acted upon by an inclined load P at its free end [Fig.1.5(a)]. If we cut through the beam at a cross section mn and isolate the left-hand part of the beam as free body [Fig.1.5(b)] ,we see that the action of the removed part of the beam (that is ,the right-hand part) upon the left-hand part must be such as to hold the left-hand part in equilibrium. The distribution of stresses over the cross section mn is not known at this stage in our study ,but we do know that the resultant of these stresses must be such as to equilibrate the load P.It is convenient to resolve the resultant into an axial force N acting normal to the cross section and passing through the centroid of the cross section,a shear force V acting parallel to the cross section, and a bending moment M acting in the plane of the beam. The axial force ,shear force, and bending moment acting a across section of a beam are known as stress resultants. For a statically determinate beam,the stress resultants can be determined from equations of equilibrium. Thus ,for the cantilever beam pictured in Fig.1.5,we may write three equations of statics for the free-body diagram shown in the second part of the figure. From summations of force in the horizontal and vertical directions we find ,respectively, N=P cosβV=P sinβ N=P cosβV=P sinβ And,from a summation of moments about an axis through the centroid of cross section mn ,we obtain: M=Px sinβ Where x is the distance from the free and to section mn,thus, through the use of a free-body diagram and equations of static equilibrium,we are able to calculate the stress resultants without difficulty. The stresses in the beam due to the axial force N acting alone have been discussed in the text of Unit.2;now we will see how to obtain the stresses associated with bending moment M and the shear force V. The stress resultants N,V and M will be assumed to be positive when they act in the directions shown in Fig.1.5(b).this sign convention is only useful,however ,when we are discussing the equilibrium of the left-hand part of the beam. If the right-hand part of the beam is considered, we will find that the stress resultants have the same magnitudes but opposite directions [see Fig.1.5(a)] . Therefore,we must recognize that the algebraic sign of a stress resultant does not depend upon its direction in space, such as to the left or to the right, but rather it depends upon its direction in space ,such as to the left or to the right, but rather it depends upon its direction with respect to the material against which it acts. To illustrate this fact, the sign conventions for N, V and M are repeated in FIig1.6, where the stress resultants are shown acting on an element of the beam. We see that a positive axial force is directed away from the surface upon which it acts