[话题解读]“旅游与交通”是高中新课程标准24话题之一，该话题包括交通运输方式、国内
外旅游、交通规则、指路与问路、咨询与预订食宿、行程描述等方面。这些话题与学生的日常生
活关系密切。高考英语通过这些话题让学生了解旅游与交通的相关知识，培养学生热爱生活的健
康情操。
[高考探究]“旅游与交通”这个话题常与阅读理解、完形填空、七选五、语法填空等相结合进
行考查，分值所占比重较高。例如2016年全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解D篇；2016全国卷Ⅰ语法填空；2014年新课标全国卷Ⅱ完形填空；2014年安徽卷完形填空；2010四川卷完形填空等。
假设你是河南某旅行社业务营销主管李华，你的新西兰笔友Nick将于十月来中国旅游，特来信
询问有关旅游景点情况。请你根据以下信息，写一封回信，向Nick介绍该套时尚旅游产品。
下面是一套时尚旅游产品——“中原现代化新型农村游”的情况。
话题佳作
景点特色·避开城市喧闹，享受田园风光；
·新农村的住房以及娱乐设施(咖啡厅、酒吧、自由降落等)；
·提供农家食宿服务及家庭生活设备(汽车、游泳池、计算机、家用电器等)。
相关信息气候适宜，交通方便
参考词汇：娱乐、消遣的recreational；家用电器electrical household appliances 佳作欣赏
Dear Nick，
I’m glad to hear that you’re traveling to Henan Province in October.Now，I’d like to tell you something about a set of fashionable tourism products called “A visit to the Zhongyuan modern villages”．
As you know，the rural area is no longer what it used to be，so the visit to the Zhongyuan modern villages is a wise choice if you want to get away from the noisy city and enjoy a great view of the country scenery.Entering the village，you’ll find numbers of newly-built cottages and many recreational attractions such as pleasant cafes，lively bars and exciting free falls.Here you’ll be offered a “rural homestay”service and can even share cars，swimming pools，computers and many electrical household appliances as well.Besides，the nice weather and convenient transportation here can make your trip more enjoyable.
I’m looking forward to your coming.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua 名师点睛
本文思路清晰，语言准确。在行文过程中，宾语从句、表语从句、条件状语从句、过去分词短语
作定语、现在分词短语作状语，“make＋宾语＋宾补”等高级句式及结构和诸如as you know，no longer，get away from，enjoy a great view of，such as，as well，besides等高级词汇运用得恰到
好处，使文章亮点纷呈。
Ⅰ.写作必记单词
1．attract v t.吸引；引起→attractive adj.吸引人的，有魅力的→attraction n．吸引力；具有吸引力
的事物或人
2．block vt.阻塞；阻挡
3．book vt.预订；预约
4．delay vi.& n．拖延，延误，延期；耽搁
5．disadvantage n．不利条件；弱点
6．reserve v t.预订；保留→reservation n．预订；保留意见→reserved adj.预订的，保留的
7．satisfy v t.满足；使满意→satisfaction n．满意，满足→satisfied adj.感到满意的→satisfying adj.令人满意的
8．speed n．速度；v.(使)加速
9．trap n．陷阱；vt.使陷入困境
Ⅱ.阅读识记单词
10．abroad adv.在/到国外
11．accident n．事故
12．accommodation n．膳宿
13．agent n．代理人，经纪人
14．alternative n．选择；adj.可供选择的
15．amazing adj.惊人的→amaze vt.使吃惊；使惊讶→amazed adj.吃惊的；惊愕的
16．attractive adj.迷人的，有吸引力的
17．baggage/luggage n．行李
18．crash vt.& n．碰撞，撞击
19．crowded adj.拥挤的→crowd n．人群；观众；vt.挤满；使拥挤
20．destination n．目的地，终点
21．guidance n．引导；指导→guide n．向导，导游；vt.带领，引导
22．impressive adj.给人印象深刻的；令人钦佩的
23．insurance n．保险
24．pack n．包，捆；vt.打包，包装
25．passenger n．乘客，旅客
26．queue n．行列，长队
27．route n．路线；路程
28．scene n．风景；景色
29．site n．地点；遗址
30．spot n．地点；场所；vt.认出；发现
31．suitcase n．衣箱；手提箱
32．scenery n．风景，景色，风光
33．tourist n．旅行者，观光者→tour v t.巡回演出；n.观光；旅游→tourism n．旅游(业) 34．traffic n．交通；来往车辆
2018年全国普通高等学校统一考试 英语试题 （本试卷共12页。时间：120分钟总分：150分） 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡ 19. 15 B. ￡ 9. 18 C. ￡ 9. 15 答案是C。 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What does John find difficult in learning German? A. Pronunciation. B. V ocabulary. C. Grammar. 2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 3.Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bank. B. At a ticket office. C. On a train. 4.What are the speakers talking about? A. A restaurant. B. A street. C. A dish. 5.What does the woman think of her interview? A. It was tough. B. It was interesting. C. It was successful. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间
必修一Unit 1Friendship Ⅰ.常考单词必背 1．upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.(upset，upset) 使不安；使心烦；打翻，碰倒；打乱 She was upset about losing her job. 她正为失去工作而心烦意乱。 Losing the ring upset her very much. 遗失戒指使她很心烦意乱。 [快速闪记] be upset about/over/at sth 为某事心烦 upset oneself about sth 为某事而烦恼 2．ignore vt.不理睬；忽视 Either she didn't see me wave or she ignored me on purpose.要么她没看见我招手，要么就是故意不理我。 [快速闪记] ignorant adj.不了解的，无知的 ignorance n．不了解，无知 3．concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到n．担心；关注；(利害)关系 The accident was concerned with the bus driver. 这次事故与公交车司机有关。 There is some cause for concern but no need for alarm. 是有点令人忧虑，但不必惊慌。 [快速闪记] concerned adj.担心的；关注的 be concerned about/for关心；担忧；挂念
be concerned with牵涉到……，与……有关 as/so far as...be concerned关于；至于；就……而言 4．power n．能力；力量；权力 The power was cut off and the street was entirely in darkness.断电后街道完全陷入了黑暗。 She was the one who had the power to hire or fire people.有权雇用或解雇人的是她。[快速闪记] (1)come to power上台，当权，表示动作，不能和一段时间连用。 (2)be in power当权，执政，表示状态，可以和一段时间连用。 (3)have the power to do sth 具有做某事的能力、权力 beyond/out of one's power某人力所不能及 5．settle vi.安家；定居；停留vt.使定居；安排；解决 They calmed down and settled their problem soon. 他们镇静下来并很快把问题解决了。 Mr.Wang settled down in America soon after he got there.王先生到美国后不久就定居下来了。 [快速闪记] (1)settle down舒适地坐下；安静下来；定居下来 settle down to sth/doing sth开始认真对待某事；定下心来做某事 (2)settlement n．解决；协议 6．suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历 We'll suffer hunger one day if we don't care about the farmland.如果我们不关注农田，将来我们会挨饿的。 [快速闪记] suffering n．痛苦；苦难sufferer n．患病者；受难者 7．pack vi.& vt.捆扎；包装；打行李n．小包；包裹 As soon as I graduated，I packed my bags and moved to the west of China.一毕业我就收拾行李去了中国西部。 A pack of reporters were waiting outside for the latest news.一群记者在外面等待最
〖解密〗2018年高考英语全国III卷真题解析 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A
Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens Visitor Information How to Get to Holker By Car: Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere — 20 minutes, Kendal — 25 minutes, Lancaster — 45 minutes, Manchester — 1 hour 30 minutes. By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports. Opening Times Sunday —Friday (closed on Saturday) 11:00am —4:00pm, 30th March —2nd November. Admission Charges Hall & Gardens Gardens Adults: ￡12.00 ￡8.00 Groups: ￡9.00 ￡5.50 Special Events Producers’ Market13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas. Holker Garden Festival 30th May The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening. National Garden Day 28th August
高考真题题组训练(八) Ⅰ.阅读理解(2016全国Ⅱ,B) Five years ago,when I taught art at a school in Seattle,I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student,and said:“Make something out of the Tinkertoys.You have 45 minutes today-and 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week.” A few students hesitated to start.They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided.Another group built something out of their own imaginations. Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time.His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home.I was delighted at the presence of such a student.Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students. Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside.I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.Without fail one would declare,“But I’m just not creative.” “Do you dream at night when you’re asleep?” “Oh,sure.” “So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.”The student would tell something wildly imaginative.Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads.“That’s pretty creative.Who does that for you?” “Nobody.I do it.” “Really-at night,when you’re asleep?” “Sure.” “Try doing it in the daytime,in class,okay?” 1.The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to .
第一部分必修一Module 1 Ⅰ. 完形填空导学号58082016 I had worried myself sick over Simon's mother coming to see me. I was a new __1. C__，and I gave an honest account of the students' work. In Simon's case, tthe grades were awfully low. He couldn't read his own handwriting. __2. D__ he was a bright student. He discussed adult subjects with nearly adult comprehension. His work in no way reflected his __3. A__. So when Simon's mother entered the room, my palms(手掌心) were sweating. I was completely__4. D__for her kisses on both my cheeks. “I came to thank you，”she said, surprising me beyond speech. __5. B__me, Simon had become a different person. He talked of how he__6. B__me, he had begun to make friends, and for the first time in his twelve years, he had__7. D__spent an afternoon at a friend's house. She wanted to tell me how grateful she was for the__8. B__ I had nurtured(培养) in her son. She kissed me again and left. I sat, stunned (惊呆), for about half an hour, __9. D__ what had just happened. How did I make such a life－changing difference to that boy without __10. A__knowing it? What I finally came to __11. A__ several months before, when some students were 12. C reports in the front of the class, Jeanne spoke __13. B__，and to encourage her to raise her voice, I had said, “Speak up. Simon's the expert on this. He is the __14. D__ one you have to convince, and he can't hear you in the __15. C__ of the room. ” That was it. From that day on, Simon had sat up straighter, paid more attention, __16. A__ more, and became happy. And it was all because he __17. C__to be the last kid in the last row. The boy who most needed __18. A__ was the one who took the last seat that day. It taught me the most __19. D__ lesson over the years of my teaching career, and I'm thankful that it came __20. B__and positively. A small kindness can indeed make a difference.
限时训练 一、阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。(14分) 把往事调成花色 王健 很多日子是随阳光一起开放的，很多心情也是随花朵一起明媚的。 闲暇的时候，我总喜欢一个人背着相机来往于城市和乡村之间。在一个乡村古老的街道上，我看到了一堵石墙上花开烂漫，眼前一亮，我知道那将会是一个写满故事的小院。 主人是一个戴着眼镜的老者，正用放大镜认真地看着报纸，他坐在门口，A身体有些蜷曲，像棵老藤。很难相信，在这样的村庄里会有这么一个学者一样的老人。他的文雅、淡然，安静和自若的神态，让我感觉他和这些花、这个小院就是一个密不可分的整体。 耳聋，面善，和蔼可亲，很善谈，他生活在自己沉静的世界里，却出现在我的视野中。通过那些花，我知道了他是个95岁高龄的老人，以前做过教师。难怪他身上有股与众不同的味道呢！ 他告诉我，墙头上这些艳丽的花是凌霄，已经有几十年的历史了，去年有人想花1 000元买走，他没舍得。他继而又补充道，如果多点儿我就卖掉它，卖些钱好给老伴治病。 数落起这些花就好像数落着自己的子女。这些是兰，这些是莲，这是栀子，这是何首乌……我突然就想起鲁迅先生笔下的百草园，诗情画意里有一段美丽的故事。 然后他便开始数落那些子女，仿佛在数落着自己院里的那些花草。 我很想从这个高寿的老人口中知道幸福的定义。我问幸福是什么，他听不清：什么？ 后来他告诉我幸福是“什么”。
我没懂，他笑：什么都是幸福。小时候想上学堂，以为那就是幸福，后来就去了。后来想当教员，以为那就是幸福，后来真就当了教员。退休了，想安养晚年就是幸福，于是有了这满院花香相伴。现在有人能欣赏我的这些花，我也很幸福。 那么你幸福吗？他回答，我满足于我人生的任何一件事情，无论成败得失。就像我养的这些花，花开花谢，它们不会长开不败，却能在最美的时候开放…… 终于明白一个无私、无欲的老人的幸福观。能够像他院中的花一样，顺从自然、与世无争、坦然处世，就是一种美丽和幸福。 他，何尝不是开在这尘世间的一朵浮莲，B甚至是一棵开满花朵的老藤？ 他把我当作客人，我把这里当作我内心的家园，仿佛一杯茶汁泼出的茶园，至今梦里尚带几分茉莉香。而且他的花香弥漫的脸，是媚人的，沧桑中写着“生活”两个字。如果你仔细地去读，会读出更多的内容。 赏过凌霄，闻过芝香，也饮过菊花，愿意在这远离世俗的地方喝醉。感觉阳光、童年、往事和爱，还闪亮在老屋的深处，只是感觉偶尔等一个人，是偶然的缘分。在多年后，10年或者20年时给它浇水，叶年年青翠，花年年明艳，而眼睛却暗了…… 人生莫过于此：头发掉了，牙齿没了，眼睛花了，耳朵聋了，内心却十分明亮。如今，往事皆调成这满院的花色，花开了，年年更新，心就是不老的，还有爱和希望，快乐和幸福。 我突然看到那暗淡的老屋里，窗台上竟然摆放着一瓶栀子花！一个年迈老人对生活之爱，远远浓于这满院的花香，我要告诉你那是心香呵！是生命之香！ 我独自走在乡间，一位蜷曲的老人，一座破旧的老屋，一些美丽的花，美好的事物走在我的前面，我记得那老人的话：“我要把我的那些花安放在冬天的前面……”
绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will James do tomorrow? A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman? A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave? A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30. 4. How does the woman go to work? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 英语试题第1页（共14页）
Unit 1 Art Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Here I will introduce some books to you. Cook Yourself Young By (author) Elizabeth Peyton-Jones Want to look and feel 10 years younger? Keen to remove bags under your eyes, and other unpleasant symptoms of ageing? Long to lose weight and stay slim? All you need is to change what you eat and to COOK YOURSELF YOUNG. In her revolutionary new book, Cook Yourself Young, a health expert Elizabeth Peyton-Jones explains how simply by changing the way you cook you can make yourself look younger and live a healthier, more balanced life. Celebrations and Special Days By (author) Ellen Lawrence In Celebrations and Special Days, young readers will join children around the world as they celebrate religious festivals and special family days, such as weddings and coming of age ceremonies. From Holi to Hanukkah, Easter to Ramadan, readers will join families as they prepare special meals, decorate their homes, and take part in the special times that shape our lives. The Story of the Lost Child By (author) Elena Ferrante “Nothing quite like this has ever been published before，” said The Guardian newspaper about the Neapolitan Novels in 2014, “Those Who Leave and Those Who Stay, the third book in the series, was an international bestseller and a New York Times Notable Book of the Year.” Its author was considered as one of the greatest novelists of our time by the New York Times Book Review. This fourth and final installment in the series raises the bar even higher and indeed confirms Elena Ferrante as one of the world's best living storytellers. 【解题导语】本文是说明文，介绍了三本书的相关信息。 1．Which book should you buy if you want to look young? A. Cook Yourself Young. B. Celebrations and Special Days. C. The Story of the Lost Child. D. New York Times Book Review. 答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据Cook Yourself Young部分最后一句中的“by changing the way you cook you can make yourself look younger”可知，Cook Yourself Young这本书介绍了如何通过健康的饮食来使人们保持年轻，故A项正确。 2．Who is Celebrations and Special Days intended for? A. Old people. B. All the people. C. Young people. D. Middle-aged people. 答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据Celebrations and Special Days部分第一句中的“In Celebrations and Special Days, young readers will join children around the world”可知，Celebrations and Special Days这本书的阅读对象是年轻人，故C项正确。 3．What can we learn about Elena Ferrante? A. She is the greatest novelist in the US. B. Her books sell best at the present time. C. She is the author of Celebrations and Special Days. D. She belongs to the best living storytellers. 答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“and indeed confirms Elena
限时训练 题组一仿用句式 1．命题(话题)式仿写]依照下面的示例，根据语境，仍以“年”为话题，另写两句话，要求句式与示例相同。(6分) 小时候，年是一碗香气四溢的猪肉，是一件崭新漂亮的衣裳，是一挂噼啪震响的鞭炮；长大后，________________，____________，________________；年老了，________________________，________________，__________________。 答案：年是一张分量沉重的车票是一杯味道醇厚的美酒是一份孝老爱幼的责任年是一缕悠远绵长的回忆是一种翘首以盼的渴望是一场儿孙绕膝的欢聚 2．命题(话题)式仿写]在文学家的笔下，常见的事物也能显现出它们独特的魅力，使读者回味无穷。请仿照例句，从“白云”“瀑布”中任选一个，用富有文采的语言描述，至少运用两种修辞手法。(4分) 小草：雨过天晴，小草犹如刚受了委屈而又活泼可爱的顽童，倔强地昂起头，擦干眼泪，向着太阳微笑。 答：____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 答案：(示例一)白云：白云在天空顽皮地嬉戏着，有时像白蝴蝶翩翩起舞，有时像小白兔向前奔跑，有时像魔术师迅速变了脸孔。 3．自由(开放)式仿写]仿照下面的示例，自选话题，另写三个句子，要求修辞手法、句式与示例相同。(6分) 小草伸出稚嫩的纤手，向你描绘原野的新绿； 树叶掬起温润的阳光，向你展示森林的生机； 溪流吟唱欢快的歌曲，向你诉说春天的故事。
2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语Ⅲ卷 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分） 第一节（共15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分30 分） A Welcome to Holker Hall & Garden Visitor Information How to Get to Holker By car: Follow brown signs on A590 from. J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere--20 minutes, Kendal--25 minutes, Lancaster-- 45 minutes, Manchester-- l hour 30minutes By rail: the nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth. Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports. Opening times Sunday-Friday（closed on Saturday） 11:00 am-4;00pm, 30 March-2nd November. Admission Charges Hall & Gardens Gardens Adults: ￡12.00 ￡8.00 Gropes: ￡9.00 Special Events Producers Market 13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas. Holker Garden Festival 30th May The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in the gardening. National Garden Day 28th August Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide. Winter Market 8th November This is an event for all the family! Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment. 21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester? A. 20 minutes. B. 25 minutes. C.45 minutes. D. 90 minutes. 22. How much should a member of a tour group pay a visit to Hall & Gardens? A. ￡12.00. B. 9￡.00. C. ￡8.00 D. ￡5.50 23. Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show? A. Producers Market. B. Holker Garden Festival C. National Garden Day. D. Winter Market B Cities, usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped
高考真题题组训练(四) Ⅰ.阅读理解(2016全国Ⅲ,C) If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around.It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month.The day itself is on October 21,but since it has caught on,events now spread out over most of October around Britain. Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see,and often taste,a wide variety of apples.To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets,it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence,such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.Although it doesn’t taste of anything special,it’s still worth a try,as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else. There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions.One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette,but you’ll need a warm,sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it,so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it. At the events,you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions,and because these are family affairs,children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games. Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit,including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园).If you want to have a real orchard experience,try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale,near Faversham in Kent. 1.What can people do at the apple events? A.Attend experts’ lectures. B.Visit fruit-loving families. C.Plant fruit trees in an orchard. D.Taste many kinds of apples. 2.What can we learn about Decio?
教材梳理册子必修一 烛之武退秦师 一、文言实词 1.多义实词 (1)鄙 (2)许 (3)说 (4)辞 (5)微 答案:(1)把……当作边邑/边远的地方/浅陋,见识少,眼光短/自谦之词;(2)答应/表处所,地方/赞同/表约数;(3)通“悦”,高兴/陈说/杂说,一种文体;(4)推辞/告别/推脱;(5)没有,用来表示一种否定的假设或条件/暗暗地/稍微,略微/低贱,卑下。 2.通假字 (1)无能为也已．( ) (2)行李之往来,共．其乏困( ) (3)秦伯说．( ) (4)失其所与,不知．( ) 答案:(1)“已”同“矣”,了;(2)“共”通“供”,供给; (3)“说”通“悦”,高兴;(4)“知”通“智”,明智。
3.古今异义词 (1)若舍郑以为东道主 ．．． 今义:请客的主人 古义: (2)行李 ．．之往来 今义:出门所带的包裹、箱子等 古义: (3)共其乏困 ．． 今义:疲劳 古义: (4)微夫人 ．．之力不及此 今义:妻子 古义: 答案:(1)东方道路上(招待过客)的主人;(2)出使的人;(3)缺少(的东西);(4)那人,指秦穆公。 4.词类活用 (1)晋军．函陵,秦军氾南( ) (2)越国以鄙．远( ) (3)既东封 ．．郑( ) (4)与郑人盟．( ) (5)越国以鄙远．( ) 答案:(1)名词作动词,驻军;(2)名词意动用法,把……当作边邑;(3)名词作状语,在东边;名词使动用法,使……成为疆界;(4)名词作动词,结盟;(5)形容词作名词,边远的地方。 二、文言虚词 1.以 2.而
3.焉 4.其 5.之 答案:1.连词,因为;介词,拿,用;连词,表顺承;连词,表顺承;介词,把。2.连词,才,表顺承;表修饰,连词;表顺承,连词。3.啊,句末语气词,表感叹;疑问代词,为什么;疑问代词,哪里;兼词,于之。4.代词,指代“使者”;代词,指代“那件事”;代词,自己的;语气词,还是,表商量。5.代词,他们,指秦军;结构助词,的;主谓间助词,取消句子独立性,不译;宾语前置的标志,不译。 三、文言特殊句式 1.夫晋,何厌之有( ) 2.以其无礼于晋( ) 3.晋军函陵( ) 答案:1.宾语前置句;2.状语后置句;3.省略句。 四、文言句子翻译 1.是寡人之过也。 译文: 2.越国以鄙远,君知其难也。 译文: 3.焉用亡郑以陪邻? 译文: 4.邻之厚,君之薄也。 译文: 5.若舍郑以为东道主,行李之往来,共其乏困,君亦无所害。
[即时演练] A 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 These days our society develops rapidly and forces people to rush. It appears that people have got used to being in a hurry. However, it’s better for people to take their time and live their life at a slower pace than to hurry to get things done. The main reason that convinces us to oppose doing work in a hurry is the possibility of doing wrongs in a rush. When people do their jobs or take action in a hurry, they can’t make a sound decision and probably regret later. As the saying goes，“Haste makes waste.”We should think carefully before making a decision and do our work less quickly. We should not make mistakes by doing work hurriedly. Slowing down the pace of life helps people enjoy their life better. For example, taking a train to some place certainly will take more time than taking a plane. However, taking a train makes people have enough time to get to know a lot of new friends. Besides, it allows people to fully enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. On the contrary, being in a hurry will make us lose chances of enjoying our lives. Finally, slower life pace provides better health conditions for us. As is known to all, taking action in a hurry bothers people and raises their stress. People think if they are not in a hurry, they will become a loser and that annoys them. But being in a hurry can hurt people both physically and mentally. According to some studies, people who have a slower pace suffer fewer diseases, tend to be happier and live much longer than those whose life is tense, even if the former finish jobs more slowly than the latter. In short, working quickly will bring about more material benefits to make our society more advanced. Yet, much stress can’t bring enjoyment, friends and health, which are much more important than money and other material advantages. Therefore, take your time and live your life at a slower pace. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ One possible version： To live life at a slower pace is better than to live life in a hurry. There are three reasons for this.Firstly, doing things in a hurry will raise the possibility of making mistakes.Secondly, being in a hurry will not give people enough time to enjoy their life.Thirdly, doing things in a hurry raises people’s pressure and therefore is bad for their health.In brief, it is better for people to live life at a slower pace than to live life in a hurry. B