英语因果关系表达法优选稿
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英文作文因果关系开头英文,Cause and effect relationships are an important aspect of our daily lives. Many things that happen to usare a result of certain causes, and understanding these relationships can help us make better decisions and avoid negative consequences. For example, if I don't get enough sleep at night, I will feel tired and unfocused the next day. This cause and effect relationship is clear and easyto understand.中文,因果关系是我们日常生活中一个重要的方面。
许多发生在我们身上的事情都是由某些原因导致的,了解这些关系可以帮助我们做出更好的决策,避免负面后果。
比如,如果我晚上睡眠不足,第二天我就会感到疲倦和无法集中注意力。
这种因果关系是清晰易懂的。
英文,In a broader sense, cause and effectrelationships can be seen in many aspects of life. For example, if a person consistently eats unhealthy foods and doesn't exercise, they are more likely to develop healthproblems such as obesity and heart disease. On the other hand, if someone maintains a balanced diet and exercises regularly, they are more likely to stay healthy and fit. This cause and effect relationship demonstrates the importance of taking care of our bodies and making healthy choices.中文,在更广泛的意义上,因果关系可以在生活的许多方面看到。
英语中表达因果关系的句子经典推荐521,与“我爱你”谐音。
每年的五月二十一号又被称为“表白日”。
在这一天,当你深情款款地对另一半说“我爱你”的时候,对方可能会反问你“你为什么爱我?”。
此时的TA一定期待你能给出一些具体的理由,诸如“我对你如此着迷是因为你太美了、我被你的善良勇敢深深打动、和你在一起的每时每刻都让我觉得如此开心。
”那今天就教大家如何用英语表达这些爱TA的理由。
写作中,我们在表明自己的观点之后就需要给出理由。
阐述理由是写作中的一个重要部分,那么积累一些常用的表达因果关系的句型的重要性就不言而喻。
在今天这个浪漫的日子,我们一起来学习5个表达因果关系的常用句型吧。
1.the reason for A is easy to recognize:B含义:A的原因很容易看出来,即B。
很明显,B就是A的原因。
B导致A出现,这是显而易见的。
……例句1:很明显,我对你如此着迷是因为你太美了。
The reason for my deep addiction to you is easy to recognize:you are so beautiful.例句2:这其中的原因很容易被认识到:孩子的天赋和性格往往跟父母的有些差距。
The reason for this is easy to recognize:there are always some differences between parents and children in terms of their talents and characters.应用指导:这个句型用于表示一种显而易见的因果关系。
使用时注意不要搞混原因和结果。
在这个句型中,A是结果,B是原因。
那A和B都可以由什么成分构成?记住A由名词、代词或名词性成分构成,B则是一个句子。
2.partly because of A,but principally because B含义:部分原因是A,但是主要原因是B。
英语作文模板因果关系英文回答:Cause and Effect Essay Template。
Introduction。
Begin with a hook to grab the reader's attention.State your thesis statement, which should clearly indicate the causal relationship between two or more variables.Body Paragraph 1。
Discuss the first cause that leads to the effect. Provide specific evidence to support your claim. Explain how the cause leads to the effect.Body Paragraph 2。
Discuss the second cause that leads to the effect.Provide specific evidence to support your claim.Explain how the cause leads to the effect.Body Paragraph 3。
Discuss the consequences or effects that result from the causes.Provide specific evidence to support your claim.Explain how the effects are linked to the causes.Counterargument。
Acknowledge and address any potential counterarguments to your thesis statement.Explain why your thesis statement is still valid despite the counterarguments.Conclusion。
因果关系英语四级作文In life, events and actions are often interconnected through cause and effect relationships. Understanding these relationships can help us comprehend the impact of our choices and behaviors on ourselves and those around us.Every action we take has consequences, whether positive or negative. For example, studying diligently can result in good grades, while procrastination may lead to poor academic performance. By recognizing these cause and effect relationships, we can make informed decisions and take responsibility for the outcomes.Moreover, understanding cause and effect can also help us navigate complex situations and relationships. By identifying the root causes of problems, we can address issues effectively and prevent them from reoccurring in the future. This analytical approach allows us to learn from our experiences and grow both personally and professionally.In conclusion, recognizing cause and effect relationships is essential for personal growth and success. By being mindful of the consequences of our actions, we can make better choices and create a positive impact on ourlives and the world around us.中文翻译:在生活中,事件和行为常常通过因果关系相互联系。
Why Do We Learn English我们为何学英语As the society is developing fast and China has joined the WTO,English is becoming a “bridge” of communication between China and the world outside.With the wide use of the Internet,it is necessary for people to learn English.Now,besides the native speakers,the number of people studying and using English is larger and larger in theworld.English has become a real world language.As a middle school student,we learn English not only for the need of going to a high school and finding a job in the future,but also for the developing of our country.The Advantage of Bicycle Riding骑单车的好处Bicycle riding has many advantages.It is the least expensive way of travelingapart from walking.If you travel by bicycle,you don’t have to buy gas as you must when you drive cars.Besides,it develops much less mechanical troubles than a car.Bicycle riding is especially good for health.It is good exercise.If you go to work by riding a bicycle instead of driving or taking a bus,you can have a better chance of getting enough exercise you need everyday.Bicycling is also good for our environment.It is less noisy and does not pollute the air.I am glad to have ridden a bicycle to school when I studied in the high school.Why Should We Play我们为什么需要游乐Play is an important part of life.Some people ever think that the purpose of life is play.Most Americans spend their holidays playing and more people come to believe that play is the lubricant of life.Open the newspaper,and you will see a great deal of news aboutmovies,concerts,art exhibitions,television programs and all kinds of sport events.Indeed,if you will just step outside,you will see people heading for the park for picnic or taking their children to the zoo.During the weekends,life is play.Why Do We Need to Reduce the Population。
因果关系法英语作文Cause-and-Effect Essay.English Answer:In the intricate tapestry of life, events are intertwined in a cause-and-effect relationship. Understanding this relationship is crucial for comprehending the consequences of our actions and predicting future outcomes. A cause is an event or action that triggers a subsequent event or outcome, known as the effect. This relationship is not merely a linear progression but often involves multiple interconnected causes and effects, forming a complex web of causality.Establishing causality requires careful analysis and consideration of multiple factors. Correlation does not equate to causation, and coincidental occurrences or spurious relationships can obscure the true cause-and-effect dynamics. Researchers employ rigorous methods, suchas controlled experiments, observational studies, and statistical analysis, to determine the direction and strength of the causal relationship.Identifying causes and predicting effects empowers individuals and societies to make informed decisions, mitigate potential risks, and harness opportunities. In the realm of science, understanding cause-and-effect relationships has led to advancements in medicine, technology, and our understanding of the natural world. In social and behavioral sciences, grasping the causes of social phenomena enables us to develop effective policies and interventions to address societal challenges.However, establishing causality can be a complex and elusive endeavor. Unforeseen variables, hidden biases, and the complexities of human behavior can introduce uncertainty into the process. Therefore, it is essential to approach cause-and-effect analysis with a critical mindset, acknowledging the limitations of our knowledge and the potential for alternative explanations.中文回答:因果关系法的定义。
英语写因果关系作文模板英文回答:Introduction。
In the realm of human understanding, the concept of causality plays a pivotal role in unraveling theintricacies of the world around us. By exploring the relationships between events, we seek to discern the underlying mechanisms that govern their occurrence and sequence. Causality forms the backbone of scientific inquiry, allowing us to establish logical connections and derive meaningful conclusions from complex phenomena.Cause and Effect Relationships。
At its core, causality involves the identification of two distinct elements: cause and effect. A cause is an event, action, or condition that brings about another event, action, or condition known as the effect. The relationshipbetween cause and effect is often expressed in the form of "if-then" statements. For instance, if a seed is planted in fertile soil and given water, then it will germinate and grow into a plant.Types of Causality。
英语作文因果分析法模版English:The cause and effect analysis method is a powerful tool for examining the relationships between events or phenomena. In this method, one identifies the root causes of an event or situation and traces how they lead to certain effects or outcomes. Firstly, it is crucial to clearly define the event or phenomenon under examination. Then, one can start by identifying the immediate causes that directly contribute to the event. These are the most visible and easily identifiable factors. However, to truly understand the situation, it's essential to delve deeper into the underlying causes, which may not be immediately apparent. These root causes are often systemic or structural issues that create a fertile ground for the event to occur. Once the causes are identified, it's important to analyze the causal relationships between them and the effects they produce. This can be done through techniques like causal loop diagrams or fishbone diagrams. Understanding these relationships enables one to not only address the immediate symptoms but also implement long-term solutions by tackling the root causes. Additionally, cause and effect analysis helps in predicting future outcomes by understanding howchanges in one variable can impact others. By applying this method systematically, organizations can make informed decisions, improve processes, and mitigate risks effectively.中文翻译:因果分析法是一种检查事件或现象之间关系的强大工具。
因果法英语作文模板英文回答:Causality。
Causality is the relationship between a cause and an effect. A cause is an event that makes something else happen, while an effect is the result of a cause. For example, if you drop a glass on the floor, the cause is the dropping of the glass and the effect is the breaking of the glass.Causality is a complex concept that has been studied by philosophers and scientists for centuries. There are many different theories of causality, but no single theory is universally accepted. Some of the most common theories of causality include:The Humean theory of causality states that causalityis simply a regular succession of events. In other words,an event is a cause of another event only if it is always followed by that other event.The Aristotelian theory of causality states that causality is the relationship between a cause and an effect that are both necessary and sufficient for each other. In other words, an event is a cause of another event only ifit is both necessary (i.e., the effect would not have happened without the cause) and sufficient (i.e., the cause is the only thing that could have produced the effect).The counterfactual theory of causality states that causality is the relationship between a cause and an effect that would not have happened if the cause had not occurred. In other words, an event is a cause of another event onlyif the effect would not have happened if the cause had not occurred.Causality is an important concept in many different fields, including philosophy, science, law, and medicine. It is used to explain why things happen and to make predictions about the future.中文回答:因果关系。
英语因果关系表达法Company Document number:WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT表示因果关系的英语表达法英语中表示因果关系的方式很多。
除原因状语从句之外,名词、介词、连接副词、主动词、并列连词和从属连词等也都可以用来表示逻辑上的因果关系。
一、名词表示逻辑上的因果关系常用的表示因果关系的名词有result,cause和 reason等。
例如:Ken's illness is the result of drinking heavily.肯生病的原因是酗酒。
What was the cause of the air crash导致那起空难的原因是什么二、介词表示逻辑上的因果关系从结构来看,介词分为简单介词和复杂介词。
简单介词通常由一个单词构成,而复杂介词通常由两个或两个以上的单词构成。
简单介词和复杂介词都可以用来表示因果关系。
1.简单介词常用的表示因果关系的简单介词有from,at, through和with等。
例如:He felt very powerless from lack of money.由于缺钱,他感到很无奈。
My mother always rejoices at my success.母亲总是为我的成功而欣喜。
2.复杂介词常用的表示因果关系的复杂介词有due to, because of, owing to, thanks to, as a result of, in consequence of, on account of和in view of等。
例如:Due to hard work, they won promotion由于工作努力,他们得到了晋升。
The football match was cancelled because of the heavy mist.这场足球比赛因大雾而被取消。
三、连接副词表示逻辑上的因果关系连接副词在分句之间起连接作用,充当连接性状语。
表示因果关系的英文写作范文Expressing Cause and Effect Relationships in WritingEffective communication often relies on the ability to clearly explain the relationships between different ideas or events. One of the key ways writers can do this is by using language that expresses cause and effect. Demonstrating how one thing leads to another, or how certain conditions result in particular outcomes, helps readers better understand the logical flow of information.There are a variety of linguistic tools writers can employ to convey cause and effect. Certain transition words and phrases can signal these types of relationships, guiding the reader through the logic of the text. Common examples include "because," "since," "as a result," "consequently," "therefore," and "thus." Using these terms appropriately can strengthen the coherence and flow of a piece of writing.Beyond transition words, writers can also utilize more comprehensive cause and effect structures. One common approach is the use of the"if-then" construction. This involves stating a condition or cause, then specifying the resulting effect or consequence. For instance, a writer might say "If temperatures continue to rise due to climate change, then we can expect to see more extreme weather events like hurricanes and droughts." The "if" portion introduces the cause, while the "then" portion outlines the effect.Another useful technique is the problem-solution format. In this structure, the writer first identifies a problem or issue, then explains the factors that contributed to or caused that problem. This is followed by a discussion of potential solutions or responses to address the underlying causes. This approach not only demonstrates comprehension of causal relationships, but also shows the writer's ability to think critically about complex issues.When using cause and effect language, it's important for writers to be as specific and clear as possible. Vague or imprecise causal claims can confuse readers and undermine the logic of the argument. Writers should strive to identify the key factors or variables that lead to particular outcomes, and explain those connections in a step-by-step manner.It's also worth noting that cause and effect relationships are not always simple or straightforward. In many cases, multiple causes can contribute to a single effect, or a single cause can lead to variouseffects. In these situations, writers may need to use more nuanced language to capture the complexity of the causal dynamics at play. Phrases like "one of the reasons," "a contributing factor," or "a potential outcome of" can help convey these more intricate relationships.Overall, the ability to effectively express cause and effect is an essential skill for writers across a range of disciplines. Whether crafting persuasive arguments, analyzing historical events, or explaining scientific phenomena, the judicious use of causal language can enhance the clarity, coherence, and persuasiveness of the written work. By mastering these techniques, writers can guide readers through the logical flow of ideas and help them better understand the underlying relationships between different concepts and occurrences.。
因果关系在英语中被称为"cause and effect"。
它是一种逻辑关系,意味着某个事件(原因)导致了另一个事件的发生(结果)。
在英语中,常常使用一些连词来表达因果关系,例如:
1. because(因为)
This happened because of that.(这是因为那个原因导致的。
)
2. since(既然)
Since you're not feeling well, you should stay at home.(既然你身体不舒服,应该呆在家里。
)
3. as a result(结果)
She forgot to set the alarm clock, as a result, she missed her flight.(她忘记设置闹钟,结果错过了飞机。
)
4. so(所以)
He was tired, so he went to bed early.(他感到疲惫,所以早早上床睡觉了。
)
5. therefore(因此)
The weather was bad, therefore the game was cancelled.(天气不好,因此比赛被取消了。
)
这些词汇和短语可以帮助我们在英语中清晰地表达因果关系,使我们更容易理解和描述事件的发展和结果。
因果关系法英语作文英文回答:Establishing a causal relationship between two variables is a fundamental aspect of research and analysis. By identifying the cause-and-effect relationship, we can gain valuable insights into the mechanisms that drive specific outcomes and make informed decisions based on that knowledge.In determining causality, it is crucial to distinguish between correlation and causation. While correlation indicates a relationship between two variables, it does not necessarily imply that one variable causes the other. Establishing causation requires meeting several criteria, including the presence of a temporal relationship, the absence of other plausible explanations, and the ability to demonstrate that altering the cause variable leads to a change in the effect variable.One of the most common methods for determiningcausality is through controlled experiments. In an experiment, the researcher manipulates the independent variable (the cause) and measures its impact on the dependent variable (the effect). By randomly assigning subjects to experimental and control groups, the researcher can control for potential confounding variables and isolate the effect of the independent variable.In addition to controlled experiments, observational studies can also provide evidence for causality. Observational studies involve observing and recording data without manipulating variables. However, due to the lack of experimental control, it is more challenging to establish causality from observational data. Researchers must carefully consider the potential for confounding variables and employ statistical techniques to account for them.In some cases, it may be possible to determinecausality through logical reasoning. Deductive arguments use general principles to draw specific conclusions, while inductive arguments use specific observations to infergeneral principles. By carefully evaluating the evidence and applying logical reasoning, researchers can sometimes establish causality without conducting experiments or observational studies.Establishing causality is a complex and challenging task, but it is essential for understanding the relationships between variables and making informed decisions. By carefully considering the criteria for causality and employing appropriate research methods, researchers can increase the likelihood of drawing valid conclusions about cause-and-effect relationships.中文回答:建立两个变量之间的因果关系是研究和分析的基本方面。
探索因果关系:英语作文的万能模板In the realm of academic writing, the ability to establish and articulate clear causal relationships is paramount. A well-constructed causal argument not only enhances the coherence and logic of a paper but also helps the reader to better understand the complexities of a given topic. To this end, I present a versatile template for English essays that focuses on causal analysis.**Introduction**Begin by introducing the topic and highlighting its relevance. Briefly outline the background information necessary to set the stage for your argument. Identify the specific causal relationship you wish to explore and provide a tentative thesis statement indicating your position on the matter.**Paragraph 1: Cause Analysis**In the first body paragraph, delve into the cause of the phenomenon you are discussing. Use specific examples and evidence to support your analysis. Be sure to explainhow the cause leads to the effect you are considering. Link your examples back to the overall theme of your essay.**Paragraph 2: Effect Analysis**The second body paragraph should focus on the consequences or impact of the cause you identified in the previous paragraph. Discuss how the effect manifests inreal-world scenarios and how it affects individuals or society at large. Draw parallels between your examples and the broader context of your topic.**Paragraph 3: Causal Linkages**In this paragraph, establish the causal linkage between the cause and effect you have discussed. Use transitional phrases to connect your ideas smoothly. Argue why the identified cause is responsible for the observed effect and how this relationship is significant in understanding the overall picture.**Conclusion**In the conclusion, summarize your main points and reiterate the causal relationship you have been discussing. Restate your thesis and highlight the importance ofunderstanding this causal link. Leave the reader with afinal thought or insight that ties back to your essay'smain theme.**中文翻译****探索因果关系:英语作文的万能模板**在学术写作领域,建立和阐述清晰的因果关系至关重要。
英语作文因果关系模板英文回答:Cause-and-Effect Essay Template。
Introduction。
Hook: A compelling statistic, anecdote, or questionthat grabs the reader's attention。
Thesis statement: Clearly state the specific cause-and-effect relationship that will be explored in the essay。
Body Paragraphs。
Topic sentence: Introduce the specific cause being examined。
Evidence: Provide concrete examples, data, or expert opinions to support the claim。
Analysis: Explain how the evidence demonstrates the cause-and-effect relationship。
Transition: Lead into the next topic sentence, which will examine the effect。
Topic sentence: Introduce the specific effect being examined。
Evidence: Provide concrete examples, data, or expert opinions to support the claim。
Analysis: Explain how the evidence demonstrates the cause-and-effect relationship。
Transition: Lead into the next topic sentence, connecting the current effect to the subsequent cause (optional)。
英语中的因果关系探析因果关系是英语中的一种重要的衔接关系,本文从用法入手,用列举例句的方法探讨和总结英语中包括连词、动词、介词、动词短语、副词等引起的各类因果关系。
先看一组表示因果关系的连词: for ,since ,as ,because ,它们的语气强弱依次为 Because → since → as →for. 其中because ,since , as 均为从属连词,引导原因状语从句;而for 是并列连词,引导并列句。
1.because 表示直接原因,它所表示的原因通常是听话人所不知道的,其语气最强,常用来回答 why 的提问,一般放在主句的后面,有时也可放在主句的前面,也可以单独存在。
如:( 1)I did it because he told me to. 是他吩咐我才做的。
(2)Justbecause I don’t complain,people think I’m satisfied.就因为我不发牢骚,大家便以为我满意了。
(3)Why is sheabsent?她为什么缺席?Because she is sick.因为她生病了。
此外,在强调句型中,表示原因只能用because,如: 4)It was because I missed the early bus that I was latefor school. 我上学迟到是因为我没有赶上早班车。
2.since 侧重主句,从句表示的理由已经显然或者已经为听话人所知,常译为“因为”、“既然”,语气比 because 稍弱,通常置于句首,但有时也位于句中,表示一 ?N含有勉强语气的原因。
如:( 5)Since he asks you,you’ll tell him why.他既然问你,你就告诉他为什么吧。
(6)Wethought that ,sincewe were in the area,we’d stop by and see them.我们想,既然到了这个地方,就该顺便去看看他们。
表示因果关系的英文写作范文英文回答:Causality is a fundamental concept in scientificinquiry and human reasoning. It refers to the relationship between a cause and its effect, where the cause is an event or action that brings about the effect. Establishing causality is crucial for understanding natural phenomena, drawing inferences, and making decisions.The concept of causality has been studied by philosophers, scientists, and statisticians for centuries. In philosophy, Aristotle's four causes (material, formal, efficient, and final) provide a framework for understanding the different aspects of causality. In science, the methods of experimental design and statistical analysis are used to establish causal relationships between variables.One of the challenges in establishing causality is distinguishing it from correlation. Correlation refers tothe statistical association between two or more variables, but it does not necessarily imply causality. For example, just because two variables are positively correlated does not mean that one causes the other. Other factors may be responsible for the correlation.To establish causality, it is necessary to fulfill the following criteria:Temporal precedence: The cause must occur before the effect.Covariation: The cause and effect must be related such that changes in the cause are associated with changes in the effect.Eliminating alternative explanations: Other factors that could potentially explain the relationship between the cause and effect must be ruled out.Establishing causality is not always straightforward, especially in complex systems where multiple factorsinteract. However, by carefully designing experiments and applying statistical techniques, researchers can increase the likelihood of drawing valid conclusions about causal relationships.中文回答:因果关系是科学探究和人类推理中的一个基本概念。
英语因果关系表达法文件管理序列号:[K8UY-K9IO69-O6M243-OL889-F88688]表示因果关系的英语表达法英语中表示因果关系的方式很多。
除原因状语从句之外,名词、介词、连接副词、主动词、并列连词和从属连词等也都可以用来表示逻辑上的因果关系。
一、名词表示逻辑上的因果关系常用的表示因果关系的名词有result,cause和 reason等。
例如:Ken's illness is the result of drinking heavily.肯生病的原因是酗酒。
What was the cause of the air crash导致那起空难的原因是什么二、介词表示逻辑上的因果关系从结构来看,介词分为简单介词和复杂介词。
简单介词通常由一个单词构成,而复杂介词通常由两个或两个以上的单词构成。
简单介词和复杂介词都可以用来表示因果关系。
1.简单介词常用的表示因果关系的简单介词有from,at, through和with等。
例如:He felt very powerless from lack of money.由于缺钱,他感到很无奈。
My mother always rejoices at my success.母亲总是为我的成功而欣喜。
2.复杂介词常用的表示因果关系的复杂介词有due to, because of, owing to, thanks to, as a result of, in consequence of, on account of和in view of等。
例如:Due to hard work, they won promotion由于工作努力,他们得到了晋升。
The football match was cancelled because of the heavy mist.这场足球比赛因大雾而被取消。
三、连接副词表示逻辑上的因果关系连接副词在分句之间起连接作用,充当连接性状语。
常用的表示因果关系的连接副词有hence, therefore, thus, accordingly和consequently等。
例如:My mother is ill, hence I must go home now.因为妈妈病了,所以我现在必须回家。
It rained,therefore the game was put off.因为下雨,所以比赛延期举行。
四、主动词表示逻辑上的因果关系英语主动词分为单词动词和词组动词。
单词动词是指由一个单词构成的动词,而词组动词则是指由两个或两个以上的单词构成的动词。
单词动词和词组动词都可以用来表示逻辑上的因果关系。
1.单词动词常用的表示因果关系的单词动词有cause, make和impel等。
例如:The cold weather caused many animals to die.由于天气寒冷,许多动物都被冻死了。
Her death made him very sad.她的去世令他很难过。
2.词组动词常用的表示因果关系的词组动词有result in, stem from, bring about和lead to等。
例如:The talks resulted in destroying a lot of missiles.谈判的结果是许多导弹被销毁了。
Their discontent stemmed from low pay and poor working conditions.工资低和工作条件差是他们产生不满情绪的原因。
五、并列连词and表示逻辑上的因果关系有时,and连接的两个并列谓语可以表示逻辑上的因果关系:前一个谓语表示原因,后一个谓语说明结果。
例如:He drank too much and was ill.他喝了太多的酒,生病了。
He tried hard and passed the final examination successfully.由于学习努力,他顺利通过了期末考试。
六、从属连词表示因果关系从属连词分为简单从属连词、复杂从属连词、关联从属连词和边际从属连词。
这四类从属连词都可以用来引导原因状语从句。
1.简单从属连词简单从属连词即单词从属连词。
常用的表示因果关系的简单从属连词有because, as, since和for等。
例如:Mary was scolded by her English teacher because she was late again.玛丽因为再次迟到而受到了英语老师的批评。
As she lacked money, she decided not to go to school again.因为缺钱,所以她决定不再上学了。
2.复杂从属连词复杂从属连词通常由两个或两个以上的单词构成。
常用的表示因果关系的复杂从属连词有in that, now that和in as much as等。
例如:I'm very sad now, in that my girlfriend left me.我现在很难过,因为女朋友离开了我。
Now that you've arrived, we can begin.既然你已经到了,我们可以开始了。
3.关联从属连词关联从属连词是指由两个关联词构成的从属连词。
常用的表示因果关系的关联从属连词有seeing(that)…therefore,和since(表示“理由”)… then/in that case等。
例如:Seeing(that)the weather is bad therefore we have to stay at home.因为天气不好,所以我们不得不呆在家里。
Since I don't complain then/in that case people think I'm satisfied.因为我没发牢骚,所以人们就以为我很满意。
4.边际从属连词边际从属连词是指实际上起着从属连词作用的某些结构。
常用的表示因果关系的边际从属连词有on the ground(s)that, by reason that和for fear (that)等。
例如:They look down on me on the grounds that I am very stupid.因为我很笨,所以他们看不起我。
I didn't attend the meeting by reason that I was ill.我因病没有参加那个会议。
七、非限定短语表示因果关系非限定短语包括不定式短语、-ing分词短语和-ed 分词短语。
非限定短语能充当主语、主语补语、宾语、宾语补语和状语等多种成分。
作状语时,非限定短语可以表示逻辑上的因果关系。
1.不定式短语Mary seemed very surprised to meet me.玛丽碰见我好像很吃惊。
We were surprised to find her surrounded by five boys.看到她被五个男孩围在中间,我们感到很惊讶。
2.-ing分词短语Not knowing his address, we didn't go to his house yesterday.因为不知道地址,所以昨天我们没去他家。
Knowing English well, he talked to the foreigner without any difficulty.他英语很好,所以与那位外国人交谈没有任何困难。
3.-ed分词短语Machine used, they worked more efficiently机器的使用使他们的工作效率更高了。
Hit by a stone yesterday, he is in hospital now.他昨天被一块石头砸着了,所以现在正躺在医院里。
八、无动词短语表示因果关系一个主谓结构中如果没有任何形式的动词或动词词组作谓语,那么这个主谓结构就是无动词短语。
无动词短语可以作修饰性状语,具有多种功能,其中之一就是表示因果关系。
例如:Afraid of hurting his feelings, I didn't mention it.由于怕伤害他的感情,我没有提那件事。
Unable to find appropriate words to express myself, I left silendy.由于一时找不到合适的词语来表达,我悄悄地离开了。
九、定语从句表示因果关系有些从句从语法结构上看是定语从句,但从语义上看却兼有原因状语从句的功能。
例如:I don't like that city, which is too noisy.我不喜欢那个城市,因为它太嘈杂了。
Man can't live On the moon, where there is no water or air.人类不能在月球上居住,因为那里既没有水,又没有空气。
十、特定的句子结构表示因果关系1.“..., it is that...”结构表示因果关系在“..., it is that...”结构中,逗号前的从句提出假设,逗号后的主句则对提出的假设或加以说明,或给出原因。
例如:If I scold you, it is that I love you.我骂你,是因为我爱你。
If he doesn't go, it is that the weather is too terrible.如果他没去,那是因为天气太糟糕了。
2.“not that..., but that...”结构表示因果关系“not that.., but that...”结构的意思是“不是因为……,而是因为……”,其中的that相当于 because。
例如:Not that I want to learn, but that I don't have the heart to make them disappointed.不是因为我想学习,而是因为我不忍心让他们失望。
Not that I was afraid of him, but that I had no choice.不是因为我怕他,而是因为我别无选择。
3.“be+adj.+that...”结构表示因果关系“be+adj.+that...”结构也常用来表示因果关系,其中的形容词一般是glad, sorry, annoyed, disappointed, surprised, ashamed和delighted等。
例如:I'm glad that he's feeling better.我很高兴他感觉好点了。