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最新人教版七年级下册英语10单元知识点总结及练习题

最新人教版七年级下册英语10单元知识点总结及练习题
最新人教版七年级下册英语10单元知识点总结及练习题

一、词汇拓展

(1)special adj.特殊的;特别的n.特色菜;特价品

→specially ad.特意地;专门地

(2)different adj.不同的;有区别的→ difference n.区别;不同

(3)luck n.运气;幸运→lucky adj.幸运的;运气好的

→luckily adv.幸运地;运气好地

(4)true adj.真实的;确实的→truly ad.真实地

→truth n.真实;真相

(5)worry v.担心;忧虑→ worried adj.担心的;着急的

(6)child n.孩子;小孩→children a.孩子们;小孩

二、短语归纳

(1)would like 想要同want

(2)beef and tomato noodles牛肉西红柿面

(3)what kind of 什么种类的

(4)the number of... ......的数量

(5)orange juice 橙汁

(6)order form订购表

(7)four bowls of 四碗.……

(8)make a wish 许一个愿

(9)come true 实现;或为现实

(10)blow out 吹灭

(11)cut up切碎;切断

(12)be short of 缺少;短缺

(13)be popular with 受到……欢迎

(14)all of..……中的全部

(15)in one go一次,一口气同at a time

(16)Can I help you?你要点什么吗?同What can I for you?

(17).May I take your order?我可以给你点菜吗?

(18)a large/big bowl of...一大碗......

(19)what size bowl of...多大号碗的

三、知识点fish

(1)fish既可作可数名词,也可以作不可数名词。用作可数名词指鱼的条数时,单复数相同。

例如:I bought two fish in the market.

(2)fish用作可数名词指鱼的种类时,复数形式是fishes.

例如:There are many kinds of fishes in the lake.

(3)fish作不可数名词,意为“鱼肉”。

Do you like fish or eggs?你喜欢吃鱼肉还是鸡蛋?

(4)fish 还可以作动词,意为“钓鱼”。

Let’s go fishing tomorrow. 让我们明天去钓鱼吧。

四、知识点special

(1)special作名词时,意为“特色菜、特价品、特别的事物”等。

例如:The train is a special for the football game.

The menu changes regularly and there are daily specials to choose from.

(2)special还可以做形容词,意为“特殊的, 特别的,特色的”。

His accent is quite special.

五、知识点order

(1)order 作名词,意为“点菜”,是可数名词;词组take one’s order意为“点菜”。例如:May I take your order?

拓展:order 作名词时,还可以表示“顺序、次序”。例如:

The names are in alphabetical order.

My mother likes order in our home.

(2)order 作动词,意为“命令、要求、订购货物”等。例如:

The police ordered them to wait right there.

Shall I order a taxi for you?

六、知识点

would like + sth. / to do sth. / sb. to do sth 想/想要/愿意…=want to do sth.

---What would you like to drink? ---I’d like a cup of tea.

She wouldn’t like to do that.

I’d like you to go there with me.

七、知识点blow

blow 不及物动词,意为“吹”;词组blow out 意为“吹灭”。后接名词时,名词可以放在词组的中间也可以放在out的后面;后接代词时,代词必须放在词组的中间。例如:

The wind blew out the candle. 风吹灭了蜡烛。

The wind blew the match out. 风把火柴吹灭了。

The wind blew it out. 风把它吹灭了。

八、知识点

make sb. /sth. do sth. 意为“使某人做某事”。

make sth/sb+adj 意为“使/让某人(某物)怎么样”。例如:

The boss makes us work eleven hours a day.

She often makes him happy.

九、知识点

a number of表示“许多……”+名词复数+谓语动词复数

A number of students of our school have read that magazine.

A number of wild animals have been found in the forest.

the number of表示“……的数量”+名词复数+谓语动词单数。

The number of students in our school is 1,500.

十、知识点

what size 询问尺寸、大小,“多大尺寸,什么号码的”。size 是名词,可以表示物品的大小、尺寸、号码。

1)---你要多大号码的鞋?---我要38码的。

---What size shoes would you like?

---I’d like Size 38.

2)这件T恤有点小,你能给我一件大号的吗?

This T-shirt is a little small for me. Would you like to show me a larger size?

十一、知识点语法:

名词复数的变化规律

一、名词复数的构成方法及读音规则

1.一般情况加–s:例如:map—maps; drink—drinks; roof—roofs; park—parks; 例如:boy—boys; show—shows; zoo—zoos;

panda — pandas; car —cars; singer—singers;

例如:girl—girls; pen—pens; friend—friends; bag—bags; lab — labs; room —rooms;

2.以s, sh, ch, x等结尾加–es, 如:

bus—buses watch—watches box—boxes brush—brushes

match—matches fish—fishes

3.以辅音字母+y结尾,变y 为i,再加es。例如:

baby—babies; strawberry—strawberries country—countries; story—stories family—families; city—cities

但以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数。

two Marys the Henrys

boy—boys; monkey— monkeys;

play—plays; holiday—holidays

4.以o结尾的名词,变复数时:

1)无生命的加s, 如:

photo---photos, zoo---zoos piano---pianos, radio---radios ;

2)有生命的加es, 如:

potato---potatoes, tomato---tomatoes, hero---heroes(英雄),

5.以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时:

1)加s,如:belief---beliefs(信仰,信任)roof---roofs (房顶)scarf---scarfs / scarves (围巾)

2)去f, fe 加ves,如:

half---halves (半)knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves

wife---wives life---lives(生命)thief---thieves shelf---shelves (架子)self---selves(自己)

二、名词复数的不规则变化

1.child---children,foot---feet,tooth---teeth, goose---geese(鹅),

mouse---mice(小老鼠),man---men,woman---women,

注意:由一个词加man 或woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women。

an Englishman--two Englishmen。

但German不是合成词,所以复数形式为Germans.

2.单复同形。如:

deer鹿,sheep 绵羊Chinese---Chinese; Japanese---Japanese

3.集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。

people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people(一个人),a police,a cattle;(但是可以有:a people : 一个民族)

但在表达“一个…”时,可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle .

4.以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:

1)maths(英:数学),politics(政治),physics(物理)等学科名词,虽然后有-s,但是为单数形式。

2)news 为不可数名词。

3)the United States,the United Nations 视为单数。

4)以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。例

5.表示由两部分构成的东西,只有复数形式。

glasses; trousers; pants; shorts; shoes;compasses(圆规)scissors(剪刀)等,若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双); suit(套)。

a pair of glasses “一副眼镜”;

two pairs of trousers “两条裤子” 等。

6.另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思。如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼。

三、表示“某国人”的单复数变化:

1.加-s的词:

German---Germans (德国人)

Russian---Russians(俄罗斯人)

Roman---Romans (罗马人)

American---Americans

Arab---Arabs (阿拉伯人)

2.有变化的词有:

Frenchman---Frenchmen; Englishman-Englishmen

四、合成名词变为复数时:

1.第一个或最后一个词变成复数。

girl friend---girl friends (女朋友)

boy student---boy students (男学生)

grown-up---grown-ups (成年人)

passer-by---passers-by (过路人)

son-in-law ---sons-in-law(女婿)

2.构成合成名词的两个词都要变为复数。

man servant---men servants (男仆人)woman teacher---women teachers man doctor --- men doctors

可数名词和不可数名词

①本单元的可数名词:eggs, apples, strawberries, oranges, onions, dumplings, drinks, carrots,

②本单元的不可数名词:rice, porridge, beef, mutton, broccoli, juice

③本单元的既是可数又是不可数的名词;chicken, salad, ice cream, cabbage, soup, dessert, fish

一、用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Many children like to eat __candies______(candy).

2.He is so __lucky______(luck) this time.He gets the ticket.

3.The wind is __blowing______(blow) heavily.It's going to rain.

4.I'd like two __cups______(cup) of green tea.

5.There __is______(be) some beef and tomatoes in the noodles,do you like the noodles with beef and __tomatoes______(tomato)?

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