Key words ＆expressions ★control[k?n'tr?ul]n. 控制
●be in control of sth.指挥，管理或控制
Who is in control of the plan?
●be under control 在控制之中
The fire has been under control.
火势已受到控制。
Don?t worry, everything is under control.
●be out of control 失去控制
The fire was out of control.大火失去了控制。
v.
●I can control it. =I can manage it. 我能对付(口语) Key words ＆expressions ★smoke [sm?uk]
①n. 烟（雾）full of smoke 充满烟雾
●There is no smoke without fire. 无风不起浪
●have a smoke 抽一只烟
smoker n. 抽烟的人
●heavy smoker 烟瘾重的人；nonsmoker 不抽烟的人
②v. 吸烟
●Don't smoke! = No smoking!
●He smoked heavily.
●smoking area / smoking room 吸烟室
●cigarette = cigar n. 香烟
Key words ＆expressions
★desolate[…des?l?t, ?des?leit] adj. 荒凉的
a desolate house 废屋
●desolate adj. 荒凉的（与地方相连，表示无人居住, 荒无人烟的）；极度孤独
的(与人相连时) a desolate hill
●lonely adj. 孤独的，荒凉的，偏僻的（与地方连表示孤零零的，但并不表示无
人居住）
Key words ＆expressions
★threaten ['θret?n]v.
①威胁
●threaten to do sth. 威胁着要做……（与人相连）；有迹象表明……
He threatened to make the photo public.
●threaten sb. with sth. 以……来威胁/恐吓某人
The thief threatened him with a knife.
②有……预兆
●It threatened to rain. 有迹象表明天要下雨了。
●联想：blackmail，steal，rob
Key words ＆expressions
★surrounding [s?'raundi?]
①adj. 周围的the surrounding country 近郊
②(pl.)n. 周围的事物，环境
school surroundings
●surround v围绕，包围，围住
I live in an old town which is surrounded by beautiful woods.
●atmosphere n. 大气层, 氛围(在周边的人文环境)
Key words ＆expressions
★destruction [di'str?k??n] n.
①破坏, 毁灭
The fire caused the destruction of my books.
②引起毁坏的原因
Pride was her destruction. 骄傲是她致命的弱点。●destructive adj. 破坏性的 a destructive fire
●destroy v. 破坏
●construct v. 建设(为……创造更好的条件)
●construction n. 建设, 建筑
●construction bank 建设银行
Key words ＆expressions
★flood [fl?d]
①n. 洪水, 水灾at the flood 涨潮，在最有利的时机
a flood of tears 泪如泉涌
②v. 淹没The room is flooded with water.
③v. 溢满Warmth flooded my heart.
row against the flood 逆水行舟
Key words ＆expressions
★authority [?:'θ?r?ti] n.
①当局(常复authorities) the healthy authorities
②权力，职权the authority for entering room
③权威人士，来源
She is an authority on Spanish.
Key words ＆expressions
★spray [sprei]v. 喷撒
●spray sth. over/on 往……上喷洒
●spray water over/on flower
●spray grass-seed over/on the ground
★grass-seed 草籽
●grassland 草地
●grass-seeder 草籽播种机
●grass roots 群众
Key words ＆expressions
★quantity ['kw?nt?ti] n. （数）量
●quantities of 大量的……
=in large quantity 大量
少量
●quality ['kw?l?ti]n. 质量
●sth. with good quality 具有好质量的东西
I prefer quality to quantity.
Key words ＆expressions
★root [ru:t, rut]
①n. 根，根茎the root of a tree
②n. 本质;根源the root of the problem
③v. 使立定不动；使固定
Fear rooted her to the ground.
●take root 生根
★century […sent?uri] n. 世纪；百年
●at the turn of the century 在世纪之交
Key words ＆expressions
★patch [p?t?]
①n. (平面上的)一片, 补丁(本意)
pants full of patches
● a patch of 一小片；patches of 许多片
patches of sunshine 斑驳的阳光
● a piece of / a bit of / a sheet of 一片，一块……
②v. 修补patch the roof
a bad patch 倒霉时期
a good patch 走运时期
Key words ＆expressions
★blacken ['bl?k?n]
①v. 变黑，发暗
The smoke has blackened the walls. 烟把墙熏黑了。
②诽谤
Jim blackened his deskmate by giving him names.
●-en后缀表示动词，译为“使……变得……”
weak adj. 虚弱的——> weaken v. 使……变弱，削弱
●Widen loosen whiten deepen darken…..
Language points
1、Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control.
◆fight sth. 和……作搏斗
●fight for freedom为自由而战
●fight a good fight 打了一场漂亮的仗
●have a fight win a fight ,lose a fight
●get it under control 表示“使它得到控制”
Language points
2、A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around.
◆a short time before和a short time ago都可以与段时间相连
● a short time before 不久以前，从过去某一点时间算起，一段时间以前（同义词组：a short while before, not long ago）
● a short time ago 过去某段时间，从现在算起，一段时间以前
●great trees 参天大树
◆cover
●she covered her face with her hands.
●Don't judge the book by its cover.
◆for miles around 方圆几英里（around表示“在周围，向四周”）
This is the only modern building for miles around.
Language points
3、Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills.
●rise up (from) 从升上来
●smoke rise up (烟、雾)弥漫
●rise to one's feet 站起身
●rise in the world 出头，发迹
●the rise and fall of the Roman Empire 罗马帝国的兴衰
●The sun rises in the east.
Language points
4、Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well.
◆winter was coming on 冬季即将来临(季节的来临的通用表达式)，come on
的过去进行时形式表示的是过去将来时，它在这里表示季节的“到来，来临”：◆for 因为，由于（用于主句之后，补充说明理由）
●I' ll follow his advice, for he is a doctor.
下面两个词也可以表示原因：
●As it is raining, let' s stay at home.
●Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive.
◆wash away 冲掉，冲走，洗掉
● A wooden bridge was washed away by the flood.
Language points
5、When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities
ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly.
◆put out 扑灭
●order 定购We can order some more books online.
●命令，吩咐order sb to do
He ordered the army to circle the enemy.
◆type强调与其他同类的东西有明显不同的特征的种类，与kind有区别Language points
6、The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain.
●plant seed /sow seed 播种
7、By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root.
●take root 表示“生根”，这个短语也可以表示某处思想/想法等“扎根”：
●This type of grass takes root easily.
●The idea has taken root in his mind.
Language points
8、In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries
patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil.
◆in place of 替代，取代(只能指代位置、空间，原来放的东西现在不在了)
Jane answered the phone in place of Mary.
●in place 恰当的，在恰当的位置上
I like to have everything in place.我喜欢样样事都恰得其所。
●out of place 不得其所
His dress was out of place at the ceremony.
●take the place of = replace
Who will take the place of Mr White? 谁将代替怀特先生？
●instead of 替代+没做的事
Instead of staying home, I went to school. （此句就不能用“in place of”，而指地点空间时，既可以用“in place of”也可以用“instead of”。）Grammar
一、构成：had been+现在分词
二、concept
1、过去完成进行时用于强调某动作在过去更早的某一段时间内一直在进行，并对过去某一时刻产生结果。与它经常连用的表示时间的词有before, for, since ,all day等.
She was very tired.She had been typing letters all days.
I’d been racing horses for years before I met my wife.
Grammar
1.构成，had+过去分词
2.概念，它表示过去某时或某动作发生之前已经完成的动作或情况，
即“较早的过去”。常用的连词有when, after,as soon as,(not) until,by that time,(never) before,already,for,since,just等。
After he had said goodbye to us all, Captain Alison started his journey. 除此之外还常与连词no sooner…than和hardly…when连用。
He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.
Grammar
过去完成进行时与过去完成时的比较
1、过去完成时和过去完成进行时有时可以替换使用：
Dan had worked/had been working for the firm for fifteen years when I first met him.
我第一次遇到丹时，他已在该公司干了15年了。
2. She had cleaned the office, so it was very tidy.
她已经打扫过办公室了，所以很整洁。
(强调结果)
She had been cleaning the office, so we had to wait outside.
她一直在打扫办公室，所以我们不得不在外面等着。
(强调动作一直在进行)
Grammar
过去完成进行时与过去完成时的比较
3、需要表示某个工作已经完成时，只能用过去完成时.
When I got home, I found that Jill had been painting her room.
我回到家时，看见吉尔在粉刷她的房间。（工作尚未完成）
When I got home, I found that Jill had painted her room.
我回到家时，吉尔已经粉刷过她的房间了。（已完成）
When I arrived, they’d already put the fire out.
我到达时，他们已经把火扑灭了。（不可用过去完成进行时）Exercises
1. they received the parcel that they ___ for a long time.
A. expected
B. have expected
C. had been expecting
D. had expected
2. He __ more than 5,000 English words when he entered university at the
age of 15.
A. has learned
B. would have learned
C. learned
D. had learned
3. She didn?t pass the exams because she___ her lessons well.
A. wasn?t prepared
B. wasn?t been prepared
C. hadn?t prepared
D. was preparing
4. We ___ four thousand new words by the end of last years.
A. had learned
B. have learned
C. learned
D. will have learned Special difficulties
1、control and check
(1)control(vt.)表示“指挥”、“控制”、“支配”、“管理”等，
The Sawyers control this firm.
索耶一家控制着这家公司。
control (n.)表示“控制（能力）”、“支配（能力）”等。
They finally got he fire under control.
他们最终控制住了火势。
（2）check (vt.)表示"检查“、”查看“
They are going to check our passports.
他们将要查看我们的护照。
Special difficulties
2..great and big,
它们都有大的意思，但great通常与重要性有关系，表示“伟大的”、“重大的”、"重要的“等含义，big则较为口语化，表示体积、规模等方面的”大“。
Frank has just made a great decision.
弗兰克刚作出一项重大的决定。
This picture is said to be painted by a great painter.
据说这幅画是一位伟大的画家画的。（不可用BIG)
Sam is a big man.
萨姆是个大块头。
Your house is bigger than mine.(不用great )
你家的房子比我家的大。
Special difficulties
3.、soil and ground
soil主要用于指“土”、”土地“、”土壤“
Heavy rain will wash away the soil from desolate hills.
大雨将把泥土从荒凉的山丘上冲走。
Trees and grass grow quickly in rich soil.
草木在肥沃的土壤里生长迅速。
ground含义较广。它除了可以表示”土地“、”土壤“外，还可以表示”地面“、”场地“等。Don't sit on the ground.
不要坐在地上。
He threw the cup to the ground.
他把茶杯摔在地上。
There is a foorball ground in our university。
我们大学里有一个足球场。
Text
●环境保护environmental protection
●保护森林forests protection
●We have only one Earth after all.
●You can?t touch music…but music can touch you.
●你触碰不到音乐，但音乐能触动你。
新概念英语第一册测试题（lesson1-lesson60） 一，根据要求变换。（10分） 1,I（宾格） 2.dish（复数） 3.tall（反义词） 4.young（反义词） 5.white（反义词） 6.she（宾格） 7.housewife（复数）8.child（复数） 9.swim（现在分词）10.is not（缩略形式） 二，按要求改写下列句子。（10分） 1.there are some watches on the table.（改为否定句） 2.There is a knife in the box.（改为复数） 3.There is an apple in the fridge.(对划线部分提问) 4.The boys are playing football in the park.(改为一般疑问句) 5.Mr.Zhang is my teacher.(改为一般疑问句) 三，A,用a,some或any填空。(5分) 1，I have_____new bike.2,There is_______milk in the glass. 3,Is there______bread in the kitchen?5,I want______coffe. 5,There is______apple on the table. B，用in,at,on,under填空。（5分） 1,Those books are_____the shelf.2,I have dinner_____the evening. 3,My father plays basketball______Sunday.4,They go fishing_____weekends. 5,There is a dog_____the table. 四，用恰当的词填空。（10分） 1，Those girls aren’t Chinese.They come from Germany.They’re_________. 2，That is my English magazine.Give it to_____,please. 3，---Is there____milk on the table?---No,there isn’t. 4，In our village all the shops aren’t______at lunchtime.They are closed. 5，---What are you______?---I’m washing my clothes. 6，The sun rises in the east and sets in the______. 7,---Is that tin of tobacco______me”---Yes,but smoking is not good for our health. 8,---Is that bag heavy?---No,it isn’t.It is quite______. 9,I’ve got a bad cold,I think I must go and see a______. 10,Mike is a sales rep.He______bikes at a big store. 五.单项选择。(15分) ()1.________is this shirt? A.Who B.Where C.Whose D.When ()2.Can you________a bookcase? A.make B.play C.drop D.catch ()3.Are you________,too? A.France B.French C.America D.Americas ()4.She’s________under the tree.A.stand B.sit C.standding D.sitting ()5.The aeroplane is flying________the river. A.in B.on C.over D.through
L.1 1．五大基本句型2．零冠词精讲背诵 L.2 1.现在进行时与一般现在时2．感叹句的基本结构精讲 L.3 1.“给予”动词带双宾精讲背诵 L.4 1．现在完成时2．Accept vs.receive3.excited vs. exciting知识点和第五课重复，可以不讲 L.5 1.一般现在时与过去完成时的区别2．In 3 minutes vs. in 3 minutes’time3. 带way的短语精讲课文：背诵课文 L.6 1.in vs.on2.不定冠词的一般用法3 动词词组搭配精讲课文：背诵 L.7 1.expect的用法2．过去进行时3．When, while and as4. 小品词（副词vs介词）精讲 L.8 1.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级2．谓语动词的单复数确定精讲：背诵 L.9 1.基本时间介词的用法：at, in, on, during, through, till, until2 时间表示法次精讲 L.10 1.被动语态2．名词所有格，双重所有格（37）3.made in, made of, made from, made by精讲;鼓励背诵，加强语感 L.11 1.deserve的用法2．不定式作宾语动词后是否需要先加一个名词或代词次精讲：适合背诵L.12 1．一般将来时可以不讲 L.13 1.将来进行时和一般将来时的区别精讲 L.14 1．Except, except for, apart from次精讲 L.15 1.afford的用法2.interrupt的用法3．直接引语与间接引语精讲：背诵 L.16 1．Remind的用法2．Fail的用法3．if条件句精讲：背诵 L.17 1.in spite of2.介词的用法in, 3 情态动词精讲：鼓励背诵L. 18 1.have的多种用法（助动词，完全动词）2．关于give的词组自学课文L. 19 1.hurry的用法2．Can vs may; can vs could; may vs might3. might as well次精讲：设置场景，组对背诵 L.20 1.动名词充当主语和宾语2．Instead of vs. instead精讲：背诵 L.21 1.含助动词的被动语态2．Come into3.drive的不同用法4．Home vs. house次精讲 L.22 1 课后介词搭配练习文章次精讲 L.23 1.there is vs. it is自学课文
新概念英语第二册第61课:Trouble with the Hubble Lesson 61 Trouble with the Hubble哈勃望远镜的困境First listen and then answer the question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。 What is the special importance of a telescope in space? The Hubble telescope was launched into space by NASA on April 20,1990 at a cost of over a billion dollars. Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble. The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because its main mirror was faulty! NASA is now going to put the telescope right, so it will soon be sending up four astronauts to repair it. The shuttle Endeavour will be taking the astronauts to the Hubble. A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs. Of course, the Hubble is above the earth's atmosphere, so it will soon be sending us the clearest pictures of the stars and distant galaxies that we have ever seen. The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe. By the time you read this, the Hubble's eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures. 参考译文 哈勃望远镜于1990年4月20日由国家航空航天局发射升空，耗资10多亿美元。从最开始哈勃望远镜就有问题。它传送给我们的图像很令人失望，因为它的主要镜子有误差。国家航天局准备纠正这一错误，为此将把4名宇航员送入太空修复望远镜。“奋进”号航天飞机将把宇航员送上哈勃。当宇航员进行必要的修复工作时，“奋进”号上的一只机器手将抓住望远镜并托住它。当然，哈勃位于地球的大气层之外，因此，它很快就会给我们传送我们所见到过的、有关行星和远距离星系的最清晰的照片。哈勃将告诉我们有关宇宙的年龄和大小的许多事情。等到你读到这篇文章时，敏锐的哈勃望远镜已经为我们送来了成千上万张精彩的照片。
新概念英语第二册课堂笔记第五十一课lesson 51 reward n 报偿 virtue n 美德 diet n 节食 forbid v 禁止 forbidden hurriedly adj 匆忙地 embarrass v 使尴尬 guiltily adv 内疚地 strict adj 严格的 reward v 给奖赏 occasionally adv 偶而地 give sb reward给...报偿 reward sb with sth用...奖赏... reward sb for sth因为...给某人奖赏 ...reward him for the first prize strongpoints 长处，merit优点 shortpoints短处weak points弱点 go on a diet be on a diet forbid sb to do sth：禁止某人做某事 allow sb to do允许某人做某事 Forbidden City lost：一个动词地过去分词可以作为形容词用broken glass被打破地玻璃embarrassing：令人尴尬地embarrassed:感到尴尬 sth embarrass sb you embarrassed me你让我感到尴尬embarrassment to my embarrassment让我感到尴尬的 be strict with sb my father is strict with me be strict in sth on the occasion偶尔 sometimes偶尔 at times偶尔 How often do you visit your parents off and on偶尔 now and again偶尔
新概念英语第二册：第7课课文详解及语法解析 课文详注 Further notes on the text 1.…detectives were waiting at the airport all morning. ……侦探们在机场等了整整一上午。 all 一般直接加表示时间的单数名词构成副词短语，如：all day (整整一天)，all night(整夜)，all week(整星期)，all winter(整个冬天)，all year(整年)等。但不说all hour。 whole在表达同样的意思时一般要加冠词或数词，如：a whole day/ year(一整天/年)，two whole weeks(整整两星期)。 2.…someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. ……有人向警方报告，说有人企图偷走这些钻石。 that后面的部分为动词tell的宾语从句。从句中的时态为过去将来时(would)。 3.When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield. 当飞机到达时，一些侦探等候在主楼内，另一些侦探则守候在停机坪上。 (1)这个长句子由3个部分组成：when引导的是整个句子的时间状语从句;some of…building为主句;while 引导的是动作与主句的动作同时实行的时间状语从句。while作为连词表示“和……同时”、“当……时候”时常常引导一个过去实行时从句。(cf. 本课语法) (2)地点状语 on the airfield 与第一句中的 at the airport 意义相近。注意介词on和at的不同搭配。
新概念英语第二册语法 总结 Revised as of 23 November 2020
《新概念英语第二册》语法总结 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Wang is looking for you. 一位姓王的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如：a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine.
NCE 2 Lesson 61 Trouble with Hubble (将来完成时) 1.英汉互译 哈勃望远镜发射空间 10亿有错误的宇行员抓 大气层遥远的星系宇宙 鹰眼机器手‘奋进‘号航天飞机造价为从最开始哈勃望远镜 把,……修好送上把……带到…… 到……为止大量，许多哈勃望远镜的困境 2.选词填空（cost，pay, take ,spend） ①What do these jeans _____________ , please? ②He _________ two hours doing his homework yesterday. ③The new bomber was developed and built at a _____________ of $ 5 billion. ④The company have decided to _____________ exactly $ 9,999 for the car. 5.How much did your new glasses _____________? 6.It __________ me two hours to go to work by bus yesterday. 7.They __________ two thousand dollars on this new car. 3.用将来完成时改写（will have done）
①The electrician (finish) the job by 12 o’clock today. ②By 12 o’clock he (work) on the system for over three hours. ③By this time next week we (have) four more English lessons. ④By 2010 I (learn) English for about 15 years! ⑤By the end of this year our teacher (teach) history for about 20 years. ⑥By the end of the year our teacher (taught) history to thousands of students. 完形填空： Traffic rules(规则) help to keep people1．The pedestrian(行人) has as many rules to 2as the driver of a car．You should walk on the sidewalk(人行道)．Always be careful 3you walk across the road．If you like riding a bike，don’t ride in the middle of the road or run 4 red traffic lights．When you ride a bike with a friend，don’t look around．If you drive a car，you should 5at the traffic lights．You must always 6 a seat belt(安全带)．Without belts，
Lesson 60 The future 【New words and expressions】future n. 未来，前途 fair n. 集市fortune-teller n. 算命人crystal n. 水晶relation n. 亲属impatiently adv. 不耐烦地 ★relation n. 亲属 ①n. （事物间的）关系，关联（不可数） I know little about the relation of/between time and space. Is there any relation between the hot snake and the forest fire? ②n. （国家、人民等之间的）关系，往来（可数） Friendly relations have been developed between the two cities. They have broken relations with that firm. ③n. 亲戚，亲属（可数） A near relation of yours is coming to see you. 【Text】 At a village fair, I decided to visit a fortune-teller called Madam Bellinsky. I went into her tent and she told me to sit down. After I had given her some money, she looked into a crystal ball and said: 'A relation of yours is coming to see you. She will be arriving this evening and intends to stay for a few days. The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. A woman you know well will rush towards you. She will speak to you and then she will lead you away from this place. That is all.' As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me. 'Where have you been hiding?' she asked impatiently. 'Your sister will be here in less than an hour and we must be at the station to meet her. We are late already.' As she walked away, I followed her out of the fair. 【课文讲解】 1、A relation of yours is coming to see you. a relation of yours 您的一个亲戚（双重所有格） 句中的现在进行时并不表示目前正在进行的动作，而表示将要发生的事情。 2、The moment you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise. the moment = as soon as 一……就……（在这个连词引导的时间状语从句中要用一般现在时来表示将来时） 3、That is all. 在口语中表示“完了，就这些，事情就是这样”。 He borrowed some money from me. That’s all. 他向我借了些钱，仅此而已。 4、As soon as I went outside, I forgot all about Madam Bellinsky because my wife hurried towards me. 这句话中的all 是代词，表示“一切，全部，所有的事”，它作主语时被视为单数： All I can remember is her name. hurry towards sb. 向某人匆匆走去 5、Your sister will be here in less than an hour and we must be at the station to meet her. must be表示用现在时态指将来的状况，这句话也可变成： We must go to the station to meet her. 【Key structures】表示将要发生的事情 在英语中，现在进行时也可用来表示为将来安排好的活动和事件。这种用法通常需要一个表示时间的状语（往往是不久的将来）。arrive，come，go，leave 等动词的进行式经常有这种用法，表示行程安排有关的“将到达，_____ 将离去”等意思： He’s arriving this evening.
Lesson 61 Trouble with the Hubble 一、阅读课文 The Hubble telescope was launched into space by NASA on April 20,1990 at a cost of over a billion dollars. Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble. The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because its main mirror was faulty! NASA is now going to put the telescope right, so it will soon be sending up four astronauts to repair it. The shuttle Endeavour will be taking the astronauts to the Hubble. A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs. Of course, the Hubble is above the earth's atmosphere, so it will soon be sending us the clearest pictures of the stars and distant galaxies that we have ever seen. The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe. By the time you read this, the Hubble's eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures. (161 words) 二、单词解析 https://www.doczj.com/doc/1413463178.html,unch [l??nt?] v. 发射；发起；发动 NASA plans to launch a satellite to study cosmic rays.美国国家航空航天局计划发射一颗卫星来研究宇宙射线。 The fact that he is gone has given more weight to fears that he may try to launch a civil war. 他已离开这一事实让人更加担心他可能要发动一场内战。 We launch a big advertising campaign to promote our new toothpaste. 我们发动了一场声势浩大的广告宣传攻势来推销我们的新型牙膏。 n.发射；发行；投放市场 product launch新产品发布会 the launch of the space shuttle航天飞机的发射 the launch of a campaign 运动的发起 2. at a cost of “以……价格”，同钱币名词连用。 He ordered the costumes from Japan at a cost of about $200 (89 pounds) each. 他从日本定购服装，每套大约200美元（89英镑）。 The stoves are designed to have a lifetime of up to three years at a cost of about fifteen dollars. 这个灶具的最常使用年限为3年，造价约15美元。 对比at the cost of 以……为代价 The fire was put out at the cost of a fireman’s life. 这场火灾是以一位消防队员生命的代价才扑灭的。 It is a little like medieval justice: sometimes innocence can be proved only at the cost of a career. 这有点象中世纪的司法制度；有时候，只是牺牲一个人的前程，才能证明他无辜。 3. faulty ['f??lti] adj.不完美的，有缺陷的 We traced the trouble to a faulty transformer. 经追查，我们发现问题出在一台有缺陷的变压器上。 She took the faulty radio back to the shop and demanded a refund. 她将有毛病的收音机拿回商店去要求退款。 adj. 错误的
NEW CONCEPT ENGLISH BOOK 2 practice : 训练, progress : 进步 If you practice more, then you can make great progress. 五项综合训练技能listening : 听力 speaking : 说话 grammar : 语法writing : 写作 reading : 阅读 translation : 译knowledge +skills Lesson 1 A private conversation 【New words and expressions】（12） private conversation theatre seat play loudly angry angrily attention bear business rudely adj. 私人的n. 谈话n. 剧场，戏院n. 座位n. 戏adv. 大声地adj. 生气的adv. 生气地n. 注意v. 容忍n. 事adv. 无礼地，粗鲁地 ★private adj.私人的 ①adj. 私人的 private life 私生活 private school 私立学校 It’s my private letter. （如果妈妈想看你的信）It’s my private house. （如果陌生人想进你的房子）②adj. 普通的 private citizen 普通公民 I’m a private citizen. （citizen n. 公民）private soldier 大兵 《Private Ryan》（《拯救大兵瑞恩》） public adj. 公众的，公开的（private的反义词）public school 公立学校public letter 公开信 public place 公共场所 privacy n.隐私 It’s privacy. 这是我的隐私!(不愿让别人知道的)
新概念英语二册语法详解和总结 《 一、学习前的准备 《新概念英语第二册》旨在全面训练学生的4项技能、理解、口语、阅读、写作。使学生具有使用语言的能力。一般来说，具有以下知识便可进入《新概念英语第二册》的学习： 1、动词be与have现在时与过去时的基本用法。 2、现在进行时，能够识别并懂得如何构成。 3、一般现在时：能够识别；懂得动词第3人称单数上添加-s, -es, 或-ies 后缀。 4、一般过去时：能够识别并会运用常见的规划动词与不规则动词的一般过去时形态。 5、过去进行时：能够识别。 6、现在完成时（一般）：能够识别。 7、过去完成时：能够识别。 8、将来时：能够认识并运用going to, shall与will构成将来时。 9、助动词：can, may与must的基本用法；能够识别could, might与would 的形式。 10、能够用do/does/did等助动词造疑问句与否定句；能运用疑问代词与副词。 11、能够回答以助动词与疑问词开头的问句。 12、副词：能够用-ly与-ily后缀组成副词；能够识别well, hard, fast等特例。 13、冠词：定冠词与不定冠词。懂得a/an/the的基本用法；some, any, no, much, many, a lot of 接可数、不可数名词的用法。 14、名词：能够用-s, -es，-ves后缀组成名词复数形式；会用常见的不规则复数形式：men, women, children, teeth r等形式。 15、代词：人称代词、所有格代词、反身代词；所有符号“'”加s('s)。 16、形容词：基本用法；规则的比较级；不规则的比较级：good, bad, much 与little. 17、介词：常见的地点、时间、方位介词的用法。 18、关系代词：能够识别并使用who/whom, which/that。 19、this/that; these/those。 20、省略形式：it's, I'm, isn't, didn't等。 21、There is/it is; there are/they are。 22、祈使句。 23、一周7天的名称、日期、季节、数字、时辰（今天、昨天、明天等）。 24、报时。 二、新概念英语第二册语法知识总结和详解 1.简单句的结构: 主语+谓语+宾语+状语（地点状语+方式状语+时间状语） 时间状语还可以放在句首
新概念英语第二册第51课听力：Reward for virtue Lesson 51 Reward for virtue对美德的奖赏 First listen and then answer the question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。 Why did Hugh's diet not work? My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. The list included most of the things Hugh loves： butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate; and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets! 参考译文 我的朋友休一直很胖，但是近来情况变得越发糟糕，以致他决定 节食。他是一星期前开始节食的。首先，他开列了一张长长的单子， 上面列了所有禁吃的食物。这张单子上的绝大部分食物都是休喜欢吃的：黄油、土豆、米饭、啤酒、牛奶、巧克力和糖果。昨天我去看望 了他。我按响了门铃，当看到休仍和往常一样胖时，我并不感到惊奇。他把我领进屋，慌忙把一个大包藏到了桌子下面。显然他感到很尴尬。
Lesson（课）grammar（语法）words（单词）1简单陈述句的语序12 2一般现在时5 3一般过去时11 4现在完成时6 5一般过去时与现在完成时7 6冠词4 7过去进行时13 8比较级5 9介词短语7 10被动语态（一般过去时）11 11复习2-10课关键句型6 12一般将来时6 13将来进行时5 14过去完成式7 15间接引语5 16条件句9 17情态动词must用法5 18have用法3 19can和may的用法6 20动名词5 21被动语态4 22后面可以跟of, from, in和on的动词4 23复习12-21课关键句型4 24复习2-23课难点7合计21个语法项目157个单词
Lesson（课）grammar（语法）words（单词）25书信写作+ 并列句的语序5 26书信写作 +作文 + 一般现在时复习13 27书信写作 + 作文 + 一般过去时复习15 28书信写作 + 作文 + 现在完成时复习6 29书信写作 + 作文 + 一般过去时&现在完成时区别10 30书信写作 + 作文 + 冠词&不定代词复习8 31书信写作 + 作文 + used to用法8 32书信写作 + 作文 + 形容词比较级最高级用法复习6 33书信写作 + 作文 + 介词用法复习13 34书信写作 + 作文 + 被动语态复习2 35书信写作 + 作文 + 26-34课复习10 36书信写作 + 作文 + 一般将来时复习8 37书信写作 + 作文 + 将来完成时9 38书信写作 + 作文 + 过去完成式6 39书信写作 + 作文 + 直接引语和间接引语10 40书信写作 + 作文 + 条件状语从句6 41书信写作 + 作文 + mast, have to, need用法复习6 42书信写作 + 作文 + have用法复习13 43书信写作 + 作文 + can & be able to用法13 44书信写作 + 作文 + 动名词用法复习9 45书信写作 + 作文 + 被动语态复习6 46书信写作 + 作文 + 后面可以跟of, from, in和on的动词复习12 47书信写作 + 作文 + 36-45课复习9 48书信写作 + 作文 + 26-45课复习6合计24篇作文练习209个单词
逐句精讲新概念英语第二册:第61课哈勃望远镜的困境 Lesson 61:Trouble with the Hubble 新概念英语2课文内容： The Hubble telescope was launched into space by NASA on April 20,1990 at a cost of over a billion dollars. Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble. The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because its main mirror was faulty! NASA is now going to put the telescope right, so it will soon be sending up four astronauts to repair it. The shuttle Endeavour will be taking the astronauts to the Hubble. A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs. Of course, the Hubble is above the earth's atmosphere, so it will soon be sending us the clearest pictures of the stars and distant galaxies that we have ever seen. The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe. By the time you read this, the Hubble's eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures. 新概念英语2逐句精讲: 1、The Hubble telescope was launched into space by NASA on April 20,1990 at a cost over a billion dofturs. 哈勃望远镜于1990年4月20日由国家航空航天局发射升空，耗资10亿多美金。 语言点1 日期写法比较： 1) 中式写法：年/月/日 2) 英式写法：日/月/年 3) 美式写法：月/日/年 语言点2 at a cost of over a billion dollars 花费了10亿多美金 真题测试测试语言点：冠词的使用 On May 5, 2005, at ( )World Table Tennis Championship, Kong Linghui and Wang Hao won the gold medal in men’s doubles with( ) score of 4:1. (2005 年髙考江苏卷，第21题) A: a; a B: 不填; the C. a;不填 D. the; a; 答案：选D 分析：World Table Tennis Championship特指世界杯兵兵球锦标赛，前 应用定冠词the; with a score of..指“以的比分”;所以选D。