英语学习与中国文化的传播
摘要：英语学习与中国文化的传播看似是没有多大关系的两个概念。但世界上的所有事物都有着千丝万缕的联系，英语学习与中国文化的传播也不例外。自20世纪80年代中国改革开放以来，一直持续着经久不衰的英语学习热潮，这对中国文化的传播有哪些影响呢？本文即从利与弊两方面进行简要的分析，不当之处，敬请专家学者批评斧正。
关键词：英语学习中国文化传播
随着全球经济一体化进程的加快，中国越来越融入到世界的大家庭中，中国人学习英语的热情越来越高涨，英语学习在中国有了越来越普及的趋势，上至八十老翁，下到童稚幼儿，每个人的嘴里都能说出一两句英语，英语学习已成为大多数人升学、评级乃至有更大的发展的关键，也是社会对个人能力的重要评价标准。中国文化受到英语文化的强势冲击，代表中国文化精髓的国学更是首当其冲。这样的英语学习的热潮，对中国文化的继承、发展和传播，又有怎样的影响呢？
英语是当今世界的通用语，其伴随现代西方文明的发展而确立了在世界各民族语言中强势地位。在英语中，希腊语和拉丁语词汇构成了词汇基础，其他的欧洲语种对英语的形成也都产生过影响，可以说英语也是在吸收其他语系精华的基础上才逐步形成了今天的完备体系。这样一种强势的语言，对中国文化的传播的影响，不可谓之不大。总的说来，其影响有利也有弊。下面就做一些具体的分析：
一、英语学习对中国文化的传播的有利影响
在一定程度上讲，学习英语与中国的文化传播并不矛盾，学好英语不仅使文明能够了解西方文化，学习更多先进的科学技术，而且能够促进中国的传统文化更好地在世界范围内传播。
（一）借助英语在西方国家传播中国文化。中国文化博大精深，整日浸润其中的中国人都不一定能说的清楚，道得明白，更何况那些研究中国文化的外国人？尤其对中国文化的精髓——古代文化，由于对文言文的理解困难，导致英语无法翻译或者言不及义、文不对题的状况屡屡发生。也正是因为中国五千年历史的神秘性，国外学者对中国文化的理解不透彻，致使中西方的文化交流出现了很多误解。随着全球化进程的加快，中国在世界上的影响力越来越大，我们必须要让世界认识一个正确的中国，这就要求我们广大的青少年学生必须要学好英语，以便更好地将中国文化传播到世界各地，使全世界的人民都了解中国，了解中国古老的文明和传统文化。
（二）通过英语学习西方文化，有助于中国文化的传播。中国文化一直讲究“融会贯通、兼收并蓄”，西方文化包括美国文化也是有很多长处的，对于西方优秀的科技、管理以及文化等方面的先进成果，我们中国人一百多年来一直在努力学习和借鉴。通过学习英语，我们可以更加深入地了解西方文化，从而取长补短，共同发展，汲取西方文化的精华，弥补中国文化的不足之处，相互融合，丰富中国文化的内容，同时可以找到东西方文化的相同点和切入点，更好地向世界人民传播中国文化。
（三）学好英语，与国外友人共同研究中国文化，促进中国文化的传播。随着中国影响力的不断增加，汉学热在世界范围内的不断兴起，世界上有越来越多的人开始研究中国文化，并且因为文化背景的不同，国外学者从全新的角度对中国文化进行了阐述和理解，他们的经验和成就都值得我们借鉴，但是只有学好英语，才能与他们交流沟通，以更好地理解中国文化，诠释中国文化，传播中国文化。
（四）学好英语，用英语进行交流交际，每个人都可以更好地传播中国文化。英语学习在中国是一股热潮，每个让你都或多或少地学习了一些英语知识，随着我们的出入国门，走向世界，我们本身所潜藏中国传统文化的积淀，就会在与外国朋友的交往中不断体现出来，这也是我们进行中国文化传播最好的途径。所以说，我们每一个普通人，都是与西方文化进行交流沟通的使者，只要我们学好英语，和外国朋友做好交流，随着我们的一举一动，中国文化就会在不经意间传播开来，形成潜移默化的影响。
二、英语学习对中国文化传播的不利影响
事物的发展都是有其两面性的，凡事有利就有弊，英语学习也不例外。因为英语已经成为社会对个人能力评价的硬性指标，也成为很多人提升自己的门槛。所以绝大多数的父母为了自己的孩子能够更好地适应将来社会的发展，能够出人头地，做出一番事业，从小就培养孩子的英语学习技能，把孩子送到各种各样的辅导班、训练班中去学习，反而忽略了对孩子进行母语教育，更不要说有中国传统文化的熏陶了。这样培养出来的孩子，有可能因为不堪英语学习的重负，而厌学、弃学，最终成为废材；而另一种可能，即孩子西化严重，满心都是英语文化，不论好坏，一概接受，已经完全丢弃中国传统的道德与文化，长此以往，中国文化就会出现断代，后果是十分可怕的。试想，如果一个民族，它赖以生存的文化消失了，那么这个民族也就没有了存在的意义，也就会很快湮没在历史的滚滚车轮中。这是一个不言自明的事实，文化一旦中断，历史也就中断了。这样的后果是我们每一个有责任心的中国人不希望看到的。
三、在英语教学中渗透中国文化
在实际的英语教学中，老师可以将中国文化有机地渗透在各个教学环节中，以达到“润物细无声”的教学效果。
（一）课堂引导，渗透中国文化。中西方文化有很多的差异，我们在教学生学习英语时，可以将这种差异进行对比，以加深学生的印象。如我们在教学生“打招呼”时，英语一般是：“Hello, how are you?”汉语的打招呼一般是：“吃了吗？”这样，学生既学到了英语礼仪，也巩固加深了对中国文化的理解。
（二）课下熏陶，学习中国文化。在学校和教室的板报和宣传栏内，把中国的古诗和名言警句用英语翻译出来，在中英文对照中学好两种语言。同时可以组织丰富多彩的各种活动对学生进行语言与文化的熏陶，以达到良好的教学目的。
综上所述，英语学习对中国文化的传播的影响是巨大的。我们应该发扬其有利的一面，在世界范围内更好地传播中国文化，让越来越多的人认同并学习中国文化；同时要加强国学教育，深化中国文化在青少年学生身上的烙印，尽量消除学习英语造成的不良影响，使广大青少年学生不但要学好英语，融入开放的世界，同时带着自身的文化积淀走向世界舞台，促进中国文化的传播。
参考文献：
1、周莹莹、王跃洪，中国文化对英语学习的负迁移影响，《考试周刊》2007年第38期
2、周小凤，文化差异对英语学习的影响，《现代教育教学探索杂志》2009年第5期
3、王琳，“中国英语”和中国文化教学，《时代文学（双月版）》2007年第6期
Part I Wisdom and Beliefs Unit 1 Confucian thought on heaven and humanity Confucius (551-479 BC), known in China as Kongzi, given name Qiu and alias Zhongni, was a native of Zouyi (present-day Qufu in Shandong Province) of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). A great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism, Confucius is an ancient sage to the Chinese people. His words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their students in The Analects (Lunyu). Confucius on Heaven: the source of Everything In the Shang (1600-1046 BC) and Zhou (1046-256 BC) dynasties, the prevalent concept of “Heaven”was that of a personified god, which influenced Confucius. Generally, however, Confucius regarded “Heaven”as nature. He said, “Heaven does not speak in words. It speaks through the rotation of the four seasons and the growth of all living things.” Obviously, heaven equaled nature, in the eyes of Confucius. Moreover, nature was not a lifeless mechanism separate from humans; instead, it was the great world of life and the process of creation of life. Human life was part and parcel of nature as a whole. Confucius on People: ren and li Ren and Li are the two core concepts of Confucius’s doctrine about people. When his students Fan Chi asked him about ren, Confucius replied, “love people”. This is Confucius’ most important interpretation of ren. Love for the people is universal love. Confucius further emphasized that this kind of love should “begin with the love for one’s parents”. He believed no one could love people in general if they did not even love their own parents. Confucius regarded “filial piety and fraternal duty”as the essence of ren. The Doctrine of the Mean (Zhongyong) quotes Confucius as saying, “ The greatest love for people is the love for one’s parents.” He also said, “Children should not travel far while their parents are alive. If they have no choice but to do so, they must retain some restraint.” He did not mean that children should not leave their parents at all. What he meant was that children should not make the parents anxious about them while away from home. Confucius said again, “Children should think often of the age of their parents. They should feel happy for the health and longevity of their parents. They should also feel concern for the aging of their parents.” By ren, Confucius meant universal love based on love for one’s parents. How should people love one another then? Confucius said, “One should be aware that other people may have similar desires as oneself. While fulfilling one’s desires, allow others to fulfill their desires as well.” He further said, “Do not do toward others anything you would not want to be done to you.” Thus from oneself to one’s family, from family to society, one should extend love to all people. Mencius (c. 372-289 BC), a great Confucian scholar, best summarized ren as, “loving one’s parents, loving the people, loving everything in the world.” Li refers to rituals, traditions and norms in social life. Of these, Confucius regarded burial rituals and ancestral worship rituals as the most important, because they rose from human feelings. He said, “A child should not leave his parents’ bosom until he is three years old.” He naturally love his parents. The ritual of wearing mourning for a deceased parent for three years was an expression of the child’s love and remembrance. Confucius on the State of life
一、过年由来- - 中国古时侯有一种叫”年”的怪兽，头长尖角，凶猛异常，”年”兽长年深居海底，每到除夕，爬上岸来吞食牲畜伤害人命，因此每到除夕，村村寨寨的人们扶老携幼，逃往深山，以躲避”年”的伤害．今年的除夕，乡亲们都忙着收拾东西逃往深山，这时候村东头来了一个白发老人对一户老婆婆说只要让他在她家住一晚，他定能将”年”兽驱走．众人不信，老婆婆劝其还是上山躲避的好，老人坚持留下，众人见劝他不住，便纷纷上山躲避去了．当”年”兽象往年一样准备闯进村肆虐的时候，突然传来白发老人燃响的爆竹声，”年”兽混身颤栗，再也不敢向前凑了，原来”年”兽最怕红色，火光和炸响．这时大门大开，只见院内一位身披红袍的老人哈哈大笑，”年”兽大惊失色，仓惶而逃。第二天，当人们从深山回到村里时，发现村里安然无恙，这才恍然大悟，原来白发老人是帮助大家驱逐”年”兽的神仙，人们同时还发现了白发老人驱逐”年”兽的三件法宝．从此，每年的除夕，家家都贴红对联，燃放爆竹，户户灯火通明，守更待岁．这风俗越传越广，成了中国民间最隆重的传统节日”过年”． 土家族民间体育活动之一--舞龙灯 二、舞龙灯的意义 舞龙灯，是中华民族的传统文化活动，各民族都有舞龙灯的习俗，传说，土家族在很早以前没有舞龙习惯。有一年，久旱不雨，禾苗枯黄，溪河断流，来了一位能算天气晴雨阴旱、人间祸福的鬼谷先生，对土家人说：“大家不要愁，今天午后未时排云，戌时下雨，城内下三分，城外下七分”。他这话，被治水的金勾老龙听到后心想，凡间有如此能人还要我管什么水？！顿生嫉妒，便赌气将玉皇大帝命他在城内城外的下雨量倒改过来分。结果，倾盆大雨，水淹城内，房屋倒塌，淹死了许多人这事被当坊土地向玉皇大帝启奏后，玉皇大帝把金勾老龙打入天牢，七天后斩首示众。观音菩萨知道此事向玉皇大帝求情保救老龙。没待观音开口，玉皇大帝就放阴剑把金勾老龙斩成九节。此后，鬼谷先生又来对土家人说：“老龙被斩，是和我赌气而丧命，但他对民间做了不少好事，他死了，你们要为他烧点香纸。”于是，土家人就制作九节金龙，到各村寨起舞，叫人们敬奉，求老龙保佑风调雨顺，五谷丰登。久之，舞龙亦成为土家族的传统习俗。但是，土家舞龙，在城镇是舞全国各地大同小异的布扎龙，在土家山寨舞龙与各地有别，其自成特色。 三、清明节的由来 我国传统的清明节大约始于周代，已有二千五百多年的历史。清明最开始是一个很重要的节气，清明一到，气温升高，正是春耕春种的大好时节，故有“清明前后，种瓜种豆”。“植树造林，莫过清明”的农谚。后来，由于清明与寒食的日子接近，而寒食是民间禁火扫墓的日子，渐渐的，寒食与清明就合二为一了，而寒食既成为清明的别称，也变成为清明时节的一个习俗，清明之日不动烟火，只吃凉的食品。 关于寒食，有这样一个传说： 相传春秋战国时代，晋献公的妃子骊姬为了让自己的儿子奚齐继位，就设毒
It is uni versally ack no wledged that Chin ese culture has a history of more tha n two thousa nd years, which once had great in flue nee on the world. Although China risks copying the Western lifestyle ' s worst aspects, especially of unhealthy eating and drinking, Which once gave rise to many problems. Fort un ately, Chi nese begin to realize the importanee of Chinese traditional culture. Such examples might be given easily, Chinese traditional culture was added into our CET4and CET6,which help us get hold of it better. All in all, Chin ese traditi onal culture accompa nies our growth all the time, which has already deeply rooted in our daily lives. As a Chinese, What we ought to do is to transmitte Chinese traditional culture from generation to generation. Only with these efforts adopted can we en sure that Chi nese traditional culture will be leaded to a brilliant future. The passage mainly tells us the importa nee of protect ing traditi onal Chin ese culture, which is challenged or facing extinction because of the developing society and cha nging lifestyle. Besides, China is n ati on wide spari ng no efforts to do it.(36 words) The protection of national and folk culture is of great significanee to Chinese cultural diversity and also to the harm onious developme nt betwee n local econo mic and social developme nt. In my opinion, some measures should be taken to protect traditional culture 1 / 21 / 2
Review Outline for "English Introduction to Chinese Culture Course" Overview & Introduction: See the picture on the right, and describe them in English. Video: This is China BBC: Wild China Full Name of China: PRC-People's Republic of China National Flag: the red five-star flag Party in power: CPC-Communist Party of China CPPCC-Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Emblem Key words: Forbidden City/ Imperial Palace; Temple of Heaven; Summer Palace; Ming Tombs; The world-renowned Badaling section of the Great Wall; to be added more... Enjoy videos: NBC北京奥运会片头 《北京欢迎你》 Geography Location Southeast Asia , the Pacific Ocean, the world‘s third largest country. 9.6 million square kilometers, 18,000 kilometers, a rooster. northern end: Mohe, Heilongjiang Province, south: Zengmu Ansha west: Pamirs east: the conjunction of the Heilongjiang (Amur) River and the Wusuli (Ussuri) River. Boundary East: Korea North: Mongalia Northeast: Russia Northwest: Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan West & Southwest: Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan South: Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam Marine-side neighbors include eight countries -- North Korea, Korea, Japan, Philippines, Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam. Topography Terrain
英语学习与中国文化的传播 摘要：英语学习与中国文化的传播看似是没有多大关系的两个概念。但世界上的所有事物都有着千丝万缕的联系，英语学习与中国文化的传播也不例外。自20世纪80年代中国改革开放以来，一直持续着经久不衰的英语学习热潮，这对中国文化的传播有哪些影响呢？本文即从利与弊两方面进行简要的分析，不当之处，敬请专家学者批评斧正。 关键词：英语学习中国文化传播 随着全球经济一体化进程的加快，中国越来越融入到世界的大家庭中，中国人学习英语的热情越来越高涨，英语学习在中国有了越来越普及的趋势，上至八十老翁，下到童稚幼儿，每个人的嘴里都能说出一两句英语，英语学习已成为大多数人升学、评级乃至有更大的发展的关键，也是社会对个人能力的重要评价标准。中国文化受到英语文化的强势冲击，代表中国文化精髓的国学更是首当其冲。这样的英语学习的热潮，对中国文化的继承、发展和传播，又有怎样的影响呢？ 英语是当今世界的通用语，其伴随现代西方文明的发展而确立了在世界各民族语言中强势地位。在英语中，希腊语和拉丁语词汇构成了词汇基础，其他的欧洲语种对英语的形成也都产生过影响，可以说英语也是在吸收其他语系精华的基础上才逐步形成了今天的完备体系。这样一种强势的语言，对中国文化的传播的影响，不可谓之不大。总的说来，其影响有利也有弊。下面就做一些具体的分析： 一、英语学习对中国文化的传播的有利影响 在一定程度上讲，学习英语与中国的文化传播并不矛盾，学好英语不仅使文明能够了解西方文化，学习更多先进的科学技术，而且能够促进中国的传统文化更好地在世界范围内传播。 （一）借助英语在西方国家传播中国文化。中国文化博大精深，整日浸润其中的中国人都不一定能说的清楚，道得明白，更何况那些研究中国文化的外国人？尤其对中国文化的精髓——古代文化，由于对文言文的理解困难，导致英语无法翻译或者言不及义、文不对题的状况屡屡发生。也正是因为中国五千年历史的神秘性，国外学者对中国文化的理解不透彻，致使中西方的文化交流出现了很多误解。随着全球化进程的加快，中国在世界上的影响力越来越大，我们必须要让世界认识一个正确的中国，这就要求我们广大的青少年学生必须要学好英语，以便更好地将中国文化传播到世界各地，使全世界的人民都了解中国，了解中国古老的文明和传统文化。 （二）通过英语学习西方文化，有助于中国文化的传播。中国文化一直讲究“融会贯通、兼收并蓄”，西方文化包括美国文化也是有很多长处的，对于西方优秀的科技、管理以及文化等方面的先进成果，我们中国人一百多年来一直在努力学习和借鉴。通过学习英语，我们可以更加深入地了解西方文化，从而取长补短，共同发展，汲取西方文化的精华，弥补中国文化的不足之处，相互融合，丰富中国文化的内容，同时可以找到东西方文化的相同点和切入点，更好地向世界人民传播中国文化。
P a r t I W i s d o m a n d B e l i e f s Unit 1 Confucian thought on heaven and humanity Confucius (551-479 BC), known in China as Kongzi, given name Qiu and alias Zhongni, was a native of Zouyi (present-day Qufu in Shandong Province) of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). A great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism, Confucius is an ancient sage to the Chinese people. His words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their students in The Analects (Lunyu). Confucius on Heaven: the source of Everything In the Shang (1600-1046 BC) and Zhou (1046-256 BC) dynasties, the prevalent concept of “Heaven”was that of a personified god, which influenced Confucius. Generally, however, Confucius regarded “Heaven” as nature. He said, “Heaven does not speak in words. It speaks through the rotation of the four seasons and the growth of all living things.”Obviously, heaven equaled nature, in the eyes of Confucius. Moreover, nature was not a lifeless mechanism separate from humans; instead, it was the great world of life and the process of creation of life. Human life was part and parcel of nature as a whole. Confucius on People: ren and li Ren and Li are the two core concepts of Confucius’s doctrine about people. When his students Fan Chi asked him about ren, Confucius replied, “love people”. This is Confucius’ most important interpretation of ren. Love for the people is universal love. Confucius further emphasized that this kind of love should “begin with the love for one’s parents”. He believed no one could love people in general if they did not even love their own parents. Confucius regarded “filial piety and fraternal duty”as the essence of ren. The Doctrine of the Mean (Zhongyong) quotes Confucius as saying, “The greatest love for people is the love for one’s parents.” He also said, “Children should not travel far while their parents are alive. If they have no choice but to do so, they must retain some restraint.” He did not mean that children should not leave their parents at all. What he meant was that children should not make the parents anxious about them while away from home. Confucius said again, “Children should think often of the age of their parents. They should feel happy for the health and longevity of their parents. They should also feel concern for the aging of their parents.” By ren, Confucius meant universal love based on love for one’s parents. How should people love one another then Confucius said, “One should be aware that other people may have similar desires as oneself. While fulfilling one’s desires, allow others to fulfill their desires as well.” He further said, “Do not do toward others anything you would not want to be done to you.” Thus from oneself to one’s family, from family to society, one should extend love to all people. Mencius (c. 372-289 BC), a great Confucian scholar, best summarized ren as, “loving one’s parents, loving the people, loving everything in the world.” Li refers to rituals, traditions and norms in social life. Of these, Confucius regarded burial rituals and ancestral worship rituals as the most important, because they rose from human feelings. He said, “A child should not leave his parents’ bosom until he is three years old.” He naturally love his parents. The ritual of wearing mourning for a deceased parent for three years was an expression of the child’s love and remembrance. Confucius on the State of life
中国传统文化 一、“传统节日”单词预热vocabulary work 烹调cooking cuisine 鱼肉满架well stocked with fish and meat 象征意义symbolic significance 农历lunar calendar 阳历solar calendar 端午节Dragon Boat Festival 元宵节Lantern Festival 清明节Pure Brightness Day 重阳节Double Ninth Day 放逐be exiled 忠臣loyal minister 糯米粽子glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves 祭祀亡灵in memory of sb. 龙舟比赛dragon boat races 中秋节Mid Autumn Festival 满月full moon 月饼moon cake 蜜饯preserved fruits 豆沙bean paste 蛋黄egg yolk 海鲜seafood 家禽poultry 饺子dumplings 八宝饭eight treasure rice 米羹rice balls 油条fried sticks 麻花fried twisted stick 炒面Chaomian 叉烧包steamed bun with roast pork 粥porridge 芋头taro 葱油饼pan-fried cake with sesame seeds and green onion 有关春节的常用词 放鞭炮let off firecrackers 耍龙灯play the dragon lantern 耍狮子play the lion dance 拜年pay a new-year call 二、有关“介绍”的翻译 ?我很高兴向各位介绍中国的主要传统节日。 →I am very happy to have the opportunity to talk to you about major traditional Chinese holidays. 表示“介绍情况”时，我们可以这样翻译： 1.to share with you brief information ?在此，我愿意向朋友们介绍这些方面的情况。 →I'd like to share with you brief information in this respect. 2.to brief you on ?借此机会，我愿意向各位朋友介绍中国加入世贸组织和参与经济全球化的有关情况。 →I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to brief you on China's accession to WTO and participation in economic globalization. 3.to give a brief account of ?我简单介绍我厂的情况。 →Let me, first of all, give you a brief account of this factory. ?在来宾们参观我校之前，请允许我简要介绍一下我校的概况。 →Before you start to look around, I would like to give you a brief account of our
如何用英文介绍中国传统文化 春节文化 In the old days, New Year's money was given in the form of one hundred copper coins strung together on a red string and symbolized the hope that one would live to be a hundred years old. Today, money is placed inside red envelopes in denominations considered auspicious and given to represent luck and wealth。 辞旧岁：bid farewell to the old year 扫房：spring cleaning; general house-cleaning 新春佳节 1.传统中国节日：traditional Chinese festival 2.农历：lunar calendar 3.腊八节：Laba Festival 4.小年：Little New Year 5.除夕：Lunar New Year's Eve 6.春节：the Spring Festival 7.正月初一：Lunar New Year's Day 8.元宵节：the Lantern Festival 9.正月：the first month of the lunar year 10.二月二：Dragon Heads-raising Day 传统习俗 11.喝腊八粥：eat Laba porridge 12.扫尘：sweep the dust 13.扫房：spring cleaning 14.祭灶：offer sacrifices to the God of Kitchen 15.守岁：stay up 16.拜年：pay a New Year's call 17.祭祖：offer sacrifices to one's ancestors 18.祭财神：worship the God of Wealth 19.春联：Spring Festival couplets 20.贴倒福：paste the Chinese character "Fu" upside down 21.去晦气：get rid of the ill-fortune 22.辞旧岁：bid farewell to the old year 23.兆头：omen 24.禁忌：taboo 25.烧香：burn incense 阖家团圆
1. 元宵节：Lantern Festival 2. 刺绣：embroidery 3. 重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival 4. 清明节：Tomb sweeping day 5. 剪纸：Paper Cutting 6. 书法：Calligraphy 7. 对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets 8. 象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters 9. 人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow 10. 四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle 11. 战国：Warring States 12. 风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen 13. 铁饭碗：Iron Bowl 14. 函授部：The Correspondence Department 15. 集体舞：Group Dance 16. 黄土高原：Loess Plateau 17. 红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals 18. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day 19. 结婚证：Marriage Certificate 20. 儒家文化：Confucian Culture 21. 附属学校：Affiliated school 22. 古装片：Costume Drama 23. 武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie 24. 元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup) 25. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems 26. 火锅：Hot Pot
I. Chinese Cultural Terms : 1.绿茶green tea 2.红茶black tea 3.乌龙茶oolong tea 4.黑茶dark tea 5.花茶scented tea 6.茉莉花茶jasmine tea 7.八大菜系eight major schools of cuisine /8 Regional Chinese Cuisines 8.茶道tea ceremony 9.茶具tea set 10.紫砂壶boccaro teapot 11.北京烤鸭Beijing roast duck 12.清蒸鱼steamed fish 13.狗不理包子Goubili steamed buns 14. 佛跳墙Buddha Jumping the Wall 15.《论语》The Analects 16.《诗经》The Book of Songs 17.《道德经》Classic of the Way and Virtue 18.道家Daoism 19.汉字Chinese character 20.象形文字pictograph
21.甲骨文oracle-bone inscription/ oracle-bone script 22.篆文seal character/ seal script 23.文房四宝four treasures of study 24.丝绸之路the Silk Road 25. 海上丝绸之路the Maritime silk road 26.一带一路倡议The Belt and Road Initiative 27.西域the Western regions 28.敦煌石窟the Dunhuang Grottoes 29.春秋时期the Spring and Autumn Period 30. 方块象形文字the square-shaped pictographic character 31. 颜(真卿）体the Yan style 32. 民间艺术folk arts 33.年画New Year pictures 34.剪纸paper cutting /papercuts 35.皮影戏shadow play 36.苏绣Suhou Embroidery 37.造纸术paper making 38.印刷术printing 39.佛经Buddhist scripture 40.行书running script /semi-cursive script 41.草书cursive script 42.楷书regular script/standard script
Summary The passage discusses Confucius’ theory of cultivating one’ s behavior toward family and society. It begins with the introduction of historical background of his time –the Spring and Autumn Period. It experienced a dramatic change of social system and prolonged chaos and fighting. As a result, the cultural tradition inherited from ancient times was corrupted. Confucius wanted to restore the great tradition abandoned 抛(弃 ) by people and established harmonious social relationships among people. To realize this, Confucius proposed self-cultivation with the starting point from feelings to parents. The feelings are nourished and cultivated into family reverence. The love for parents extends to other people as one begins to 《论语》是儒家学派的经典著作 ( classics)之一，该书记录了（ records ）孔 子及其弟子的言行，传授儒家的主要思想（ central theme ）：仁、义(righteousness) 、礼、智，其中仁是儒家的核心价值观（kernel value ）。仁是 指爱父母和敬长兄，如果这种对家庭成员的情感伸延(extend to)到社会的其 他人身上，人与人之间和睦关系也就建立起来了。 The Analects is one of the Confucian classics. The book records the sayings and behaviours of Confucius and his disciples. It teaches the central theme of Confucianism including humaneness, righteousness, propriety, and wisdom, of which humaneness is Confucius ’ kernel value. Humaneness is taken as love for parents and respect for elder brothers. If the feelings for family members are extended to other people in the society, harmonious relationships among individuals will be built up. 慕课脚本 1、 The Wisdom of Confucius discusses the most important school of Chinese philosophy— Confucianism — with the focus on its core concepts Ren and Li . Ren means goodness or benevolence and Li means ritual or propriety. Ren and Li were advocated by Confucius 2500 years ago for the purpose of restoring political order of Zhou Dynasty. The doctrine has exerted a great influence on Chinese culture ever since, from cultivating filial piety at home, to giving love to everybody, until keeping social and political order in a country. With Ren and Li, Chinese culture is characterized by harmony and equilibrium, building harmonious relationships