一．延续性动词和非延续性动词：
㈠延续性动词：表示一种可以持续的行为过程或状态。
drink喝have有talk说know 知道stand站立sleep睡觉sing唱歌wait等wear穿walk走work工作rain下雨keep保持snow 下雪eat 吃read读play玩live 居住smoke 抽烟lie躺着stay保持㈡终止性动词：（非延续性动词），表示行为或者动作是短暂瞬间完成的。come来fall倒borrow借admit承认break打破start开始join加入buy买jump跳lose丢open打开close关stop结束begin开始go走put放die死hit击中leave离开arrive到达marry结婚㈢两者的用法和区别：
1.延续性动词可以用表示一段时间的状语修饰，非延续动词不可用。
How long can I keep the book.
这本书我可以借多久？
They will work here till next Friday.
她们要在这里工作到下周五。
2.有时，非延续性动词也可以与表示一段时间的时间状语搭配，但这种表示一段时间的状语,实质上是表示一段时间内的某个时间“点”。
The play will start in half an hour.
这出戏半个小时后开始。
The fire broke out during the night.
火是夜间发生的。
3.非延续性动词一般不用于while引导的时间状语从句中。
While I came home, he was cooking dinner. (错)
When I came home, he was cooking dinner. (对)
4.用延续性动词表示一时的动作，可以在该动词前加get/begin/come.
When did you get to know him?
你什么时候认识他的？
They begin to see that they had made a serious mistake.
她们开始认识到自己犯了一个大错。
5.非延续性动词的否定式表示动作的否定，此时可与表示一段时间的状语搭配。We did not find our seats till the play had begin.
我们直到戏开始时才找到位子。
We have not come here for ages.
我们多年没来这里了、
The rain has not stopped since three hours ago.
这雨已经下了三个小时了。
二：一般过去时和过去进行时的区分：
㈠一般过去时：
①概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或者状态；过去经常，反复发生的动作。
②时间状语：一段时间+ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, once upon a time, the other day(前几天），at that time(当时)，etc.
③基本结构：主语+动词过去式+其他
④用法：
Ⅰ.表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态。
例如：My uncle mended my washing machine last Sunday afternoon.
I was out of town at the time, so I don’t know exactly how it .
A. was happening
B.. happened
C. happens
D. has happened
Ⅱ.表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：
When I lived in the countryside, I swam in the river with my friends on
Saturdays.
— You speak very good French!
— Thanks. I French in Sichuan University for four years.
A..studied
B. study
C. was studying
D. had studied
㈡过去进行时：
①概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
②时间状语：at this time yesterday, then(那时)，last night(昨晚)，at five yesterday(在昨天五点)，the whole morning(整个上午)，at that time 或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语，具体的时间+过去的时间状语（at ten o'clock yesterday morning）等。
例：When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.（他进来时我正在读报纸。）
③基本结构主语+was/were+动词的现在分词+其他
④用法：
Ⅰ.表示过去某时正在进行的动作。过去进行时的这一用法，通常要把时间状语体现出来，或者通过上下文把时间关系暗示出来。例如：
What were you doing at 7:00 p.m. yesterday?
When I went downstairs, they were eating breakfast.
补给站：基于过去进行时的这一用法，可以用它来描述事件发生的背景。
例如：The sun was shining, the wind was blowing, and a group of soldiers were marching.
I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get through. Her brother
on the phone all the time!
A.. was talking
B. has been talking
C. has talked
D. talked
Ⅱ.表示过去某种习惯性动作。过去进行时的这一用法，通常是指过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯性动作。例如：
Tom was getting up at five every day that week.
Ⅲ.表示过去将来，多用于go, come, leave, start, take off等动词。例如：
The winter holiday was drawing near, but nobody knew where they were going for the holiday.
㈢二者区分：
①强调点不同：
一般过去时侧重说明某动作发生的事实；过去进行时侧重强调某动作的持续过程或动作持续的长短。
It rained cats and dogs last night.
(强调下过雨，并不强调持续多长时间。)
昨晚雨下得真大。
It was raining cats and dogs last night.(强调没停，一直持续。)
昨晚整整一夜都在下大雨。
②动作的完成情况不同
过去进行时往往表示动作的未完成性还在进行，而一般过去时往往表示动作已完成：
David wrote a letter to his father last night．
大卫昨晚给他父亲写了一封信。(信写完了。)
David was writing a letter to his father last night．
大卫昨晚正在给他父亲写信。(指信在写的过程中，不一定写完。)
Alice read a science fiction last night.(很可能已经读完了。）
Alice was reading a science fiction at 8 last night.(当时正在进行的动作)
③持续的情况不同：
一般过去时可以表示时断时续的动作，而过去进行时只能表示持续不间断的动作。
I sometimes walked to school to avoid the heavy traffic.
我有时步行去上学为了避开拥挤的交通。
He was working from 4 until suppertime.
他从4点一直工作到晚饭时间。
④所起的作用不同：
一般过去时和过去进行时在句中可同时出现，前者表示短暂的某一动作，后者为前者提供背景，起铺垫作用。
When you phoned I was talking with my foreign teacher.
你们打电话来时，我在和我的外籍教师聊天。
⑤当二者同时出现在句中时，通常是表示持续时间较短的动作用一般过去时，表示持续时间较长的动作用过去进行时。例如：
I broke a glass while I was cooking the dinner.
The pupils were talking noisily when the teacher stepped in.
What were you doing when the fire burst out from the second floor?
二楼起火时你在干什么？
I was writing while she was reading.
我写字，她读书。
⑥过去进行时和always连用，表示赞扬、感叹、厌恶等感情色彩；而一般过去时和always连用,表示经常或反复发生的动作。试比较：
He was always changing his mind．
他总是三心二意。(表示厌恶)
He always went to work by bus last year．
去年他总是乘坐公共汽车上班。(表示经常性动作)
⑦一般说来，过去进行时侧重动作持续时间的长度；而一般过去时只说明过去某时发生某事，侧重说明事实。试比较：
It was raining heavily last night．昨晚下着大雨。(侧重说明下雨持续的时间长。)
It rained heavily last night．昨天下了大雨。(侧重说明下雨这一事实。)
⑧在带有a ll night, the whole morning等强调时间长度的状语时，句中谓语动词用过去进行时更好些。如：
He was working all night last Monday．上周一他整整工作了一个晚上。
⑧在when引导的时间状语从句中，当when相当于while时，用一般过去时与过去进行时差异不大。如：
I saw John when I walked／was walking to the station．我步行去火车站时看见了约翰。
但当when分句中的谓语动词为一般过去，其主句用一般过去时或过去进行时，有时会引起时间关系的变化。试比较：
When we arrived，she was making some fresh coffee．
我们到达时，她在调制咖啡。(分句动作发生时，主句动作已在发生．)
When we arrived，she made some fresh coffee．
我们到达时，她调制了咖啡。(分句动作发生在主句动作之前。)
⑨有些表示状态、感觉、心理或情感的动词，
如:be,have(有)，see,hear,know,think,believe,understand等，一般不用过去进行时，而用一般过去时。
如：I had a lot of work to do yesterday．昨天我有许多工作要做。
延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。 一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。 例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year? 二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock; 例:He died 5 years ago. 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks. 三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away from, get to know --- know, go (get) out →be out，put on→wear；catch a cold →have a cold 等。例:The old man died 4 years ago. ----The old man has been dead for 4 years. ---- It is 4 years since the old man died. ----Four years has passed since the old man died. He joined the Party 2 years ago. -----He has been in the
延续性动词与非延续性动词 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。 一．延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如:stuｄy, ｌearn，work, ｓｔanｄ,ｌie,ｋｎｏw, ｗalk, keep, ｈave,waiｔ, ｗａtch, sing，ｒeaｄ, sleep，li ｖe,ｓtaｙ等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。延续性动词的用法很广，常见于现在完成时中的句子中,且常与for，ｈoｗ，lｏng，since等引导的表示一段时间的状语或状语从句连用。 表示时间段的短语有: 1.foｒ+一段时间, eｇ: fｏｒ2 yeａｒs; fｏr a lonｇｔiｍｅ等 ２.since从句，siｎｃｅhe came ｈeｒe; ３.sincｅ＋时间点名词+agｏ, eｇ：since ｌast yeaｒ, ｓinｃe 5dａyｓago; 4.ｈoｗloｎg; 二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词或点动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如：oｐeｎ,diｅ,clｏsｅ, beｇin，ｆinish,ｃoｍe, go, ｍove, boｒroｗ, lend, ｂｕy, move, happen,mａrry,ａrrive/rｅa ｃｈ, ｐost，fａlｌ, breaｋ, ｌｏsｅ,ｇｉve, jｏin, rｅｃeｉve,hear，he
间的的状语连用。 这类动词不是不能用于完成时态。只是不能用于由ｈow loｎg提问的句子和含有ｆoｒ＋一段时间的完成时态中。 常见的这类动词有：ｇo, cｏme，leave,aｒrive,lｏsｅ, lａnd, ｃatch，j ｏin, kilｌ，fiｎd等。 例如：1. Hｅhａｓjoinｅd tｈe ｃluｂforａlong time．( 错) 2.Hｅｈaｓbeenａmｅmbeｒof thｅclub ｆoｒa ｌong tiｍｅ.(对) 3．His gｒａｎdｆａther ｈａs died for ovｅr30 yeａrｓ. ( 错) 4. Hｉsｇｒａnｄfather hａs been dead for over 30 ｙearｓ. (对) 【注意】 之所以将这些动词称为瞬间动词,是因为这些动词在眨眼之间发生并终结。故不能与表达“段”的长时间状语连用，不论是在进行时还是现在完成时中。 下面的例句是正确的： 1. He iｓdｙinｇ.
延续性动词与短暂性动词的用法英语中的动词，是学习中的重点，又是难点。英语中的动词有多种分类法。根据其有无含义，动词可分为实义动词和助动词；根据动词所表示的是动作还是状态，可以分为行为动词和状态动词；根据动词所表示的动作能否延缓，分为延续性动词和终止性动词。 可以表示持续的行为或状态的动词，叫做“延续性动词”，也叫“持续性动词”，如：be, keep, have, like, study, live, etc. 有的表示短暂、瞬间性的动词，叫做“终止性动词”，也可叫“短暂性动词”，或“瞬间性动词”，如die, join, leave, become, return, reach, etc. 终止性动词构成的现在完成时，不可以用表示一段时间的状语（如：since 和for引导的短语）来修饰，终止性动词构成的现在完成时，只表示动作发生的因果关系，不能表示动作的延续，因此不能用表示一段时间的状语来修饰。 如可以说：The Red Cross has already started for the earthquake-stric ken area. 但不可说：The Red Cross has already started for the earthquake-stric ken area for three days. 因为start是终止性动词, 它所表示的动作短促, 当红十字会出发时，start 这个动作便结束了, 不可能延续两天。 在多年的教学生涯中，发现学生对于如何解决这对矛盾不知所措，下面我来归纳一下解决这对矛盾的四种方法。 1. 用ago时间状语短语来代替since或for引导的时间状语： eg. Mr. Richard has returned from America for two years. (wrong) Mr. Richard has returned from America since two years ago. (wrong) 应改为: He returned from America two years ago. 2．用It is… since…复合句代替简单句 eg. It has been/is two years since Mr. Richard returned from Americ a. 注意：以上两种办法适用于所有终止性动词。 3．用相应的形容词和副词代替终止性动词。 eg. Mr. Richard has been back from America for two years. 4．用延缓性动词代替终止性动词。 eg. He has gone to the Internet for six hours. (wrong) 应改为:He has been on the Internet for six hours. 但须注意：终止性动词的否定式可以和since 或for 引导的时间状语连用。因为终止性动词的否定表示的是一种可以延续的状态。 eg. I have heard from my friend in Africa for half a year. (wrong) I haven’t heard from my friend in Africa for half a year.. (right) 此外，终止性动词与延缓性动词在翻译上也不同，很易混淆。下面我再就终止性动词与延缓性动词的含义问题做一归纳：
一．延续性动词和非延续性动词： ㈠延续性动词：表示一种可以持续的行为过程或状态。 drink喝have有talk说know 知道stand站立sleep睡觉sing唱歌wait等wear穿walk走work工作rain下雨keep保持snow 下雪eat 吃read读play玩live 居住smoke 抽烟lie躺着stay保持㈡终止性动词：（非延续性动词），表示行为或者动作是短暂瞬间完成的。come来fall倒borrow借admit承认break打破start开始join加入buy买jump跳lose丢open打开close关stop结束begin开始go走put放die死hit击中leave离开arrive到达marry结婚㈢两者的用法和区别： 1.延续性动词可以用表示一段时间的状语修饰，非延续动词不可用。 How long can I keep the book. 这本书我可以借多久？ They will work here till next Friday. 她们要在这里工作到下周五。 2.有时，非延续性动词也可以与表示一段时间的时间状语搭配，但这种表示一段时间的状语,实质上是表示一段时间内的某个时间“点”。 The play will start in half an hour. 这出戏半个小时后开始。 The fire broke out during the night. 火是夜间发生的。 3.非延续性动词一般不用于while引导的时间状语从句中。 While I came home, he was cooking dinner. (错) When I came home, he was cooking dinner. (对) 4.用延续性动词表示一时的动作，可以在该动词前加get/begin/come. When did you get to know him? 你什么时候认识他的？ They begin to see that they had made a serious mistake. 她们开始认识到自己犯了一个大错。 5.非延续性动词的否定式表示动作的否定，此时可与表示一段时间的状语搭配。We did not find our seats till the play had begin. 我们直到戏开始时才找到位子。 We have not come here for ages. 我们多年没来这里了、 The rain has not stopped since three hours ago. 这雨已经下了三个小时了。 二：一般过去时和过去进行时的区分： ㈠一般过去时： ①概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或者状态；过去经常，反复发生的动作。 ②时间状语：一段时间+ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, once upon a time, the other day(前几天），at that time(当时)，etc. ③基本结构：主语+动词过去式+其他
中考英语延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。 一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。 例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year? 二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束 不能与时间段连用。如:open, die, close, begin, finish, e, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。 如果要与时间段连用，就把它转为延续性动词使用。 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock; 例:He died 5 years ago. 但否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks. 三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open---be open, close--- be closed fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, e here --- be here, go there --- be there, be e --- be, e back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away, go (get) out →be out，put on→wear get married ---- be married 等。 例:The old man died 4 years ago. ----The old man has been dead for 4 years. He joined the Party 2 years ago. -----He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ago. ---- I have had the book for 5 days. 补充练习： 1.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 20 minutes. A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away 2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in 3.The factory ________ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened 4.Mary and Rose _______friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have be e 5.You mustn't ________ until he es back. A. be away B. leave C. be left 6.The meeting _______ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over 7.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has e to C. has taught 8.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years .
延续性动词与非延续性动词练习题 1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 20 minutes. A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away 2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in 3. The factory ________ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened 4. Mary and Rose _______friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become 5.You mustn't ________ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left 6.The meeting _______ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over 7.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught 8.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became 9. I ______ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned 10. How long _______ he ________ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead 11. He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon.
when和while引导的时间状语从句与这一时态连用。所以区别when和while的用法成了这一单元的难点。（一）、when，while都有“当……时候”的意思。when既可表示某一点时间，也可以表示某一段时间。在when引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的，可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生，也可在其后发生。例如： 1、I was just reading a book when she came into my room. 她走进我房间时，我正在看书。 2、Were you writing when the teacher came in? 老师进来的时候，你在写信吗？ 3、When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。（二）、while只能表示某一段时间，不能表示某一点时间。在while引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词只能是延续性的，而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。例如：1、While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 正当吉姆修自行车时，林涛来看他。 2、You can’t do your homework while you’re watching TV. 你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。（三）、另外，when和while的区别还在于：while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态，而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。例如： 1、While they were talking , the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。 2、I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening. 昨天晚上妈妈回家的时候 一、延续性动词和终止性动词的概念 英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay 等。 终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。 二、延续性动词的用法特征 1.延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示"段时间"的状语连用。表示"段时间"的短语有：for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long 等。如：I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。 2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时间"状语连用。如：It raind at eight yesterday morning.(误) rain为延续性动词，而at eight表示"点时间"，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作，可以借助come, begin, get等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正)又如： -When did you get to know Jack? -Two years ago.
短暂动词当然可以用于进行时态。用什么时态和它是不是短暂动词没有什么关系。英语动词中，有些动词只用为表示状态；但有些动词，有时表示状态，有时又表示动作，遇到这样的动词，就要先分清它是作了状态动词呢，还是作了动作动词。如果是作了状态动词，就不用于进行体。 1、系动词表示状态，是状态动词，不用于进行体。 It is the Mid-autumn Festival today. --Let’s go to the suburbs to enjoy the moon. --It sounds a nice idea. Cui Yongyuan looks good-humoured. be动词也有用于进行体的时候。 2、感觉动词表示状态，是状态动词，不用于进行体。 They saw the plane splashing on the top of the hill. The medicine tastes a little bitter. Don’t you hear me? I’m saying. 常见的还有：feel, keep, notice, smell, etc. 如果表示强调、短暂、一时的状态，也可以用于进行体： The weather is keeping fine these days. I didn’t expect he is being terribly friendly to me. My back is hurting. 3、表示思想活动的动词也是状态动词，不用于进行体。 I know nothing about the market for the festival. I wonder why they have made a decision to go on with the work during the festival. What do you mean? 常见的还有：Admit, agree, appreciate, believe, care, consider, dislike, disbelieve, doubt, expect, find (=consider), forget, guess, imagine, realize, regret, remember, see (understand), suppose, think etc. 如果表示说话人的情感，也会用于进行体： --I am loving the Beijing Opera, aren’t you? --No. Frankly, I am hating it. 4、动词表示愿望、需要时也是一种状态，不用于进行体。 I hope we can have 7 days off over the festival. We all desire health and happiness. What you said requires careful thought. 常见的还有：need, want, wish etc. 5、存在与所属也是一种状态，表示存在与所属的动词也被看作是状态动词，不用于进行体。 He owed his success to luck more than to capacity. The two sides have reached a partial agreement, but several differences still exist between them. 常见的还有：belong to, compare, concern, consist of, depend on, equal, have, include, involve, keep, own, possess, result, stand for etc. 动词have表示所属，但更多的情形是构成短语表示动作，这时，它就可以用于进行体了： He has a good memory. (have在此例中表示possess, owe拥有，是状态)
终止性动词与延续性动词之间的转换 终止性动词(也可称为非延续性动词,瞬间动词,点动词或短暂性动词),如begin,start,die,buy,leave, come等,表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成,不能再延续,所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用, 即不能与表示一段时间的状语,for+时间段, since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中. 终止性动词要表示持续时, 可用以下方法: ⑴.将时间状语改为时间段+ ago,句中谓语动词用一般过去时. eg.我弟弟参军两年了. My brother joined the army two years ago. ⑵.若保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句, 或用在how long 句型中,则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词 The film started two hours ago．→The film has been on for two hours． 常见短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换 Ⅰ. be 型 1. go there -- be there https://www.doczj.com/doc/1810383468.html,e here—be here https://www.doczj.com/doc/1810383468.html,e back—be back 4.die—be dead 5.leave—be away(from) 6.open—be open 7.close—be closed 8.go/get out—be out 9.finish/end-- be over 10.become—be 11.get up—be up 12.begin/start(上演)—be on 13. fall asleep-- be asleep 14.fall ill – be ill 15. move here/there --be here/there 16. get to… --be at/in 17.arrive at / in… -- be at / in 18.reach…-- be at/in 19.get married --be married 20.join—be in/be a member of join the Party-- be in the Party / be a Party member/ be a member of the Party Ⅱ. 实义动词型 1.borrow-- keep 2. buy——have 3.Begin to teach—teach 4. get to know—know 5.Put on—wear 6. receive--have 7.catch a cold—have a cold 8.hear from—have a letter from ［注意点］ 1．上述例词除borrow／buy／catch需转换为keep ／have外，其余均为“be＋adj．／adv．／n．”结构。2．非延续性动词并非不可用于现在完成时态中，只是不能和表示“一段”时间的短语连用，但可与just，yet，already ，ever，never等连用。例如： They have already come． He has just gone out．
延续性动词与非延续性动词 试比较，判断下列句子的正误。 翻译：我离开这所学校已八年啦。 【误】I have left this school for eight years. 【正】I have been away from this school for eight years. 解析：当现在完成时与表示一段时间的时间状语连用时，谓语动词必须使用延续性动词。如果谓语动词是非延续性动词则需要转化为对应的延续性动词。 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，也可 以表示经验与经历，如： learn; sleep; keep; live等 可以与for 和 since 引导的 时间状语连用 He has lived here for 6 years. 非延续性动词也叫短暂性动词，表示不能 延续的动作，这种动作发生 后立即结束，如：open; begin; finish; come; go; borrow等 不能与for 和 since 引导的 时间状语连用 She has already finished her work. 1. 转化为相应的延续性动词 borrow → keep buy → have put on → wear 2. 转化为be+形容词/副词/介词/名词 begin/start → be on go out → be out die → be dead open → be open get to/ arrive in/reach → be in+地点come/ go → be + 相应的介词短语 finish → be over fall ill → be ill get up → be up fall asleep → be asleep join → be in+活动/组织go to school → be in school become → be make friends → be friends close → be closed go to bed → be in bed leave → be away(from)
一、延续性动词和终止性动词的概念 英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性 动词。 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。 终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow, buy等。 二、延续性动词的用法特征 1.延续性动词可以用于现在进行时和现在完成进行时；延续性动词还可以用于现在完成时与表示"段时间"的状语连用。表示"段时间"的短语有：for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。如： I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。 2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时间"状语连用。如：It rained at eight yesterday morning.(误) rain为延续性动词，而at eight表示"点时间"，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作，可以借助come, begin, get等终止性动词来表示。 上句可改为：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正) 又如：-When did you get to know Jack? -Two years ago. -Then you've known each other for more than two years. -That's right. 三、终止性动词的用法特征 1.终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。如： The train has arrived.火车到了。 Have you joined the computer group? 你加入电脑小组了吗？ 2.终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用 (只限肯定式)。如：
延续性与非延续性动词在现在完成时态中的使用 ☆有一些动词是瞬间动词，也叫非延续性动词，这些动词一发生就结束了，常见的有：come, go, arrive, reach, leave,begin, start, buy, join, die, borrow, get up, become, open, stop等。这些动词虽然可以用于现在完成时（说明某个动作的结果还存在），但由于它们不能延续，因此不能跟表示一段的时间状语连用。 e.g. Jim has come back. (正) Jim has come back for a month. (误) come back的动作不能延续一个月，因此错误。 ☆瞬间动词不可以用于有段时间的现在完成时态中，因此，若要解决这一问题，就应把它改为相应的延续性动词或短语，主要有以下几种： ①用相应的延续性动词 如：buy →have borrow →keep come/go/become →be put on →wear catch a cold →have a cold ②转换成be+名词 如：join →be a member of go to school →be a student ③转换成be+形容词或副词 如： die →be dead leave →be away begin →be on finish →be over fall asleep —be asleep open →be open get up →be up close →be closed ④转换成be+介词短语 如： come to/go to/arrive in (at)/get to/reach …→be in/at… join the army →be in the army(军队) e.g. I have borrowed the book. I have kept the book for two days. Jim has joined the band. Jim has been a member of the band for a month. His grandfather has died. His grandfather has been dead for 2 years. My father has arrived in China. My father has been in China for a week. ☆在否定句中，非延续性动词也可以与时间段连用。 e.g. I haven’t borrowed books from the library since last year. 自去年以来我就没有在图书馆借过书。 Jim hasn’t come back for a year. 吉姆已有一年没回来了。 ☆现在完成时的几种常见的句型转换。 现在完成时可以转化成一般过去时，还可以转化成“It is/has been +时间段+since从句(用一般过去时)”等句型。 e.g. Jim has been back for a month. = Jim came back a month ago. = It is/has been a month since Jim came back. = A month has passed since Jim came back. I have kept the book for two days. = I borrowed the book two days ago. = It is / has been two days since I borrowed the book. = Two days has passed since I borrowed the book.
延续性动词和终止性动词的区别及用法 一、延续性动词和终止性动词的概念 英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如： learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sl eep, live, stay等。终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如 open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borr ow,buy等。 二、延续性动词的用法特征 1.延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示"段时间"的状语连用。表示"段时间"的短语有： for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。如： I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。 2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时间"状语连用。如：It raind at eight yesterday morning.(误) rain为延续性动词，而at eight表示"点时间"，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作，可以借助come, begin, get等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正)又如：
延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换。编辑：刘老师85119899 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。 一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。 二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock; 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。 三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away from, get to know --- know, go (get) out →be out，put on→wear；catch a cold →have a cold等。 四. 五. 例:The old man died 4 years ago. ----The old man has been dead for 4 years. ---- It is 4 years since the old man died. ----Four years has passed since the old man died. He joined the Party 2 years ago. -----He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ago. ---- I have had the book for 5 days. 补充练习： 1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 20 minutes. A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away 2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in 3. The factory ________ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened 4. Mary and Rose _______friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become 5.You mustn't ________ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left 6.The meeting _______ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over 7.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught 8.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years . A. has been B. has become C. was D. became 9. I ______ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned 10. How long _______ he ________ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead 11. He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon. A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept 12.He ________ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had 13.-----How long _____ you _____ ill ? -----Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been 14.Since 2000, he _____ his hometown.