主谓一致
一．以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题
1.以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称
?英语中有一些疾病名称是以-s结尾的，如arthritis（关节炎）, bronchitis
（支气管炎）, rickets（软骨病）, mumps（腮腺病）, diabetes（糖尿病）, phlebitis（静脉炎）等，这类名词通常作单数用，例：Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.
?但也有一些疾病名称如measles（麻疹）, rickets（佝偻病）既可作单
数也可作复数用，例：
Generally, measles occurs in children.
Measles are sometimes caused by a tapeworm（绦虫）.
Rickets is /are caused by malnutrition（营养不良）.
●表示游戏名称的名词，如：darts（投镖游戏）, marbles（打弹子游戏）
等，通常作单数用。
●但也有个别表示游戏名称的名词，如：cards（打纸牌），作复数用。
●当darts, marbles等用于做这些游戏所用的镖或子弹等意义时，其复
数形式仍作复数用，例：
Three darts（三只镖）are thrown at each turn.
Marbles（各种子弹）vary in kind and quality.
2.以-ics结尾的学科名称
◆某些以-ics结尾的学科名称，如physics（物理学）, mathematics（数学）,
mechanics（机械学）, optics（光学）, acoustics（声学）, politics（政治学）, statistics（统计学）, economics（经济学）, linguistics（语言学）, athletics （体育学）, tactics（兵法）等，通常作单数用。
◆但若这类名词表示“学科”以外的其他意义，便可作复数用，例：
My mathematics（运算能力）is /are rather shaky.
Athletics（体育运动）have been greatly promoted at this college.
The acoustics（音响效果）in the new concert hall are faultless.
The tactics（策略）employed in this campaign were above reproach.（无可指责）
The economics（经济意义）of the project are still being considered.
3.以-s结尾的地理名称
?某些以-s结尾的地理名称，如果是国名，如the United States, the United
Nations（联合国）,the Netherlands（荷兰）等，尽管带有复数词尾，但系单一政治实体，故作单数用。
?但若不是国名，而是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称，通常作复数
用，如：the West Indies（西印度群岛）, the Bahamas（巴拿马群岛）, the Himalayas（喜马拉雅山脉）, the Straits Gibraltar（直布罗陀海峡）, the Niagara Falls（尼亚加拉大瀑布）等。
4.其他以-s结尾的名词
?英语中有一些由两个部分组成的物体名称通常是以-s结尾，如
scissors（剪子）,pincers（钳子）,glasses, shorts, trousers, suspenders
（吊带裤）等。这类名词，如果不带“一把”、“一副”、“一条”等
单位词而单独使用，通常作复数，例：
The sugar-tongs are not in the sugar bowl.
?如果带有单位词，则由单位词的单复数形式决定动词的单复数形式，
例：
One pairs of scissors isn’t enough.
Two pairs of pliers, one large and one small, are missing from my tool box.
●英语中还有一些以-s结尾的名词，如archives（档案）, arms（武器）,
clothes, contents（内容，目录）, eaves（屋檐）, fireworks, goods（货物）, minutes（记录）, morals（道德，品行）, remains（遗体）, stairs （楼梯）, suburbs（郊区）, thanks（谢意）, wages（工资）等，通常作复数。
●但也有少数这类名词作单复数均可：whereabouts（行踪）,dramatics
（舞台艺术）
◆凡是以-ings结尾的名词，如clippings（剪下来的东西）, diggings（掘出的东西）, earnings（收入）, filings（锉屑）, lodgings（租住的房间）, surroundings（环境）, sweepings（扫拢的垃圾）等，通常作复数用。
◆但也有例外，如tidings（消息）既可作复数，也可作单数用，例：
Good tidings have cheered them up.
The tidings has come a little too late.
?还有一些以-s结尾的单复数同形的名词，如barracks（营房）,
headquarters（总部）, means（方法，手段）, series（系列）, species（种类）, works（工厂）等，随后动词的单复数形式取决于这些名词是用作单数还是用作复数，例：
A barracks was stormed by the enemy.
Two barracks in the suburbs have been surrounded.
?但也有少数这类名词用作单数和用作复数意义不同，如odds（单：小事，
复：机会），例：
What’s the odds?有什么要紧？
The odds are against us.我们成功的机会很小。
二.以集体名词作主语的主谓一致问题
1. 通常作复数的集体名词：police, people, cattle, militia（民兵）,poultry（家禽）,vermin（害虫）等。
2.通常作不可数名词的集体名词：foliage, machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise（商品）等,随后动词用单数。
3.既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词：audience, committee, class（班级）, crew（全体船员或机组人员）, family, government, public（公众）等。
如将各该名词所表示的集体视为一个整体，则动词用单数。
如将侧重点放在组成集体的成员上，动词用复数。
4.a committee of等+复数名词
如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a (the) board of + 复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数，例：
A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.
三．以并列结构作主语的主谓一致问题
1.由and /both … and连接的并列主语
由and /both … and连接的并列结构作主语，如果意义为复数，谓语动词用复数，例：
The fishing and the hunting in Arizona were good that year.
如果作主语的并列结构不是指两个或两个以上的人或物，而是表示单数意义，则动词用单数。
有一些带连词and的省略结构形似单数，而意义为复数，随后的动词用复数，例：
Good and bad taste are inculcated by example.
What I say and think are no business of yours.
上述两例中，good and bad taste = good taste and bad taste；what I say and think = what I say and what I think
当and连接的并列名词词组带有each, every,或者many a等限定词时，随后的动词通常用单数，例：
Every boy and every girl in this room is entitled to a copy.
Many a man and woman in this community finds himself or herself in need.
也有一些由and连接的并列主语，其单复数意义不很明确，这就只能根据上下文判定。
2.由or /nor /either … or等连接的并列主语
由or, nor, either … or, neither … nor, not only … but also连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。
3.主语+as much as等
当主语后面跟有由as much as, rather than, more than, no less than等引导的从属结构时，随后的动词形式依主语本身的单复数而定，例：Some of the workers as much as the managers were responsible for the loss.
His brother rather than his parents is to blame.
4.主语+as well as等
当主语后面跟有由as well as, in addition to, with, along with, together with, except等引导的词组时，其后的动词形式也取决于主语本身的形式（随前原则），例：
The manager with some workers was working during the holidays.
四．以表示数量概念的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题
1.以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语
a)如果数量概念被看作一个整体，动词用单数；如果被看作组成该数量
的一个个的个体，则动词用复数，例：
Six months is too short a time, General Westmoreland warned.
Five hours is needed to complete the outline.
There were six silver dollars in each of the stockings.
b)如果作主语的名词词组是由“分数（或百分数）+of-词组”构成，其动
词形式依of-词组中名词类别而定，例：
Over sixty percent of the city was destroyed in the war.
Thirty-five percent of the doctors were women.
c)两数相减或相除，动词用单数;两数相加或相乘，动词用单复数均可，
例：
Forty minus fifteen (40-15) leaves twenty-five.
Forty divided by eight (40÷8) is five.
Seven plus /and five (7+5) makes /make twelve.
Five times eight (5×8) is /are forty.
d)如果主语由“one of /one out of +复数名词”构成，在正式语体中，动
词用单数；在非正式语体中，动词也可按“就近原则”用复数，例：One in ten students has failed the exam.
One out of twenty was badly damaged.
比较：One in ten students have failed the exam.
One out of twenty were badly damaged.
2.以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语
a)如果主语是all of …, some of …, none of …, half of …, most of …等表示非确
定数量的名词词组，其后的动词形式依of-词组中的名词类别而定，例：Some of the money has been stolen.
Some of the books were lost.
b)如果主语是由“lots of, heaps of, loads of, scads of, plenty of +名词”构成，
表示“许许多多”等概念时，随后动词的单复数形式也依of-词组中名词类别而定，例：
Lots of food is going to waste.
Lots of people are waiting outside.
c)如果主语是由“a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of +名词”构成，
不管名词的类别为何，动词通常用单数，例：
A series of accidents has been reported.
d)如果主语是由“限定词+ kind /type /sort of +名词”构成，随后的动词形
式按以下规则：
①在a kind /sort /type of, this kind /sort /type of之后通常跟单数或不可数名词，动词用单数。
注意：在这样的结构中，通常不用复数名词，比如通常不说this kind of roses,如果要用复数名词，就得说：
Roses of this kind are very sweet.
②出现在these kinds of, many /several kinds of之后的名词，既可以是单数或不可数名词，也可以是复数名词，动词都用复数。
e)如果主语是由“many a +名词”或“more than one +名词”构成，其意
义虽属多数，但随后的动词仍遵循“语法一致”原则，用单数，例：
Many a man has done his duty.
More than one game was lost.
f)如果主语由“an average of /a majority of +复数名词”构成，而且明确表
示多数个体概念，随后的动词用复数；如果这类主语不表示多数个体概念，则动词用单数，比较：
An average of 25 persons apply each month.
An average of 25 applications a month is not unusual.
五.其他方面的主谓一致问题
1.以名词性分句作主语的主谓一致问题
以名词性分句作主语，随后的动词通常用单数，但有时也会产生主谓一致问题，有以下规则可循：
①由what, who, why, how, whether等wh-词引导的名词性分句作主语，其后的动词通常用单数，例：
What caused the accident is a complete mystery.
②两个由and连接的并列名词性分句作主语，如果主语表示两件事情，动词用复数，例：
What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to us.
③在以what-分句作主语的SVC结构中，如果主句补语是复数名词，主句
谓语动词可用复数，例：
What was real to him were the details of his life.
④如果what-分句本身表示复数意义，比如what-分句的动词和补语都是复数，那么主句动词也可用复数，例：
What are often regarded as poisonous fungi（毒菌子）are in fact edible.
2.以非限定分句作主语的主谓一致问题
以非限定分句（主要是不定式分句和-ing分词分句）作主语，随后的动词通常用单数，例：
To eat well is all he asks.
Playing tennis is a very good exercise.
以两个由and连接的并列非限定分句作主语，如果是指两件事，动词用复数；如果指的是一件事，动词用单数。
3.关系分句中的主谓一致问题
关系分句中谓语动词单复数形式通常依关系代词先行项的形式而定。
在“one of +复数名词+关系分句”结构中，关系分句动词通常依照语法一致原则用复数形式，例：
Joan is one of those people who go out of their way to be helpful.
但有时为了强调one，这类结构中关系分句的动词也可采用单数形式，例：
Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient
myths(神话).
如果在这类结构之前有定冠词the或者有the only等限定词和强调词时，关系分句动词形式依one而定，用单数，例：
He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment.
4.分裂句（强调句）的主谓一致问题
在分裂句中，that- /who-分句的动词形式通常依先行项而定。
在“It is I + who-分句”中，who-分句动词现在时在人称和数的形式上映与I保持一致，例：
It is I who am to blame.
但在非正式语体中，分裂句中心成分可用宾格代词me。这时，随后的that-分句动词通常用第三人称单数，例：
It is me that is to blame.
It is me that was injured in the accident.
5. 存在句中的主谓一致问题
在存在句中，谓语动词的单复数形式一般取决于随后的实义主语的形式：实义主语为复数，动词用复数；实义主语不是复数，动词用单数，例：There are three routes you can take.
There is a note left on the desk.
当用作实义主语的名词词组是个并列结构时，只要第一个并列成分不是复数，谓语动词便可用单数（就近原则），例：
There’s more grace and less carelessness.
There’s a long springboard and three rafts at varying distances from the shore.
蚄主谓一致 蚈1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。 肈2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 螃（1）语法一致原则：主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。 螃I often help him and he often helps me. 聿（2）意义一致原则：主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。 薆The police are searching the woods for the murderer. （3） （4）蒂就近一直原则：当主语有两个或两个以上时，谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。 蕿并列主语的谓语一致 1. 2.芆And 羄（1）两个单数名词用and连接，表示不同概念时，谓语用发复数。 芁Tom and Jack are close friends. （2） （3）虿两个单数名词用and连接，表示同一歌人、同一个物，同一个概念，或表示不可分割的整体时，谓语用单数。 蚇The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. （4） （5）蒁被every，each，many a，no等限定的单数名词由and连接时，谓语仍用单数，其中，后一个限定词可以省略。 肀every ……and ……every，each……and……each，no……and……no, many a……and……many a。 蝿Each boy and (each) girl has an apple. （6） （7）肈一个单数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时，可以指一件事或几件事，这种名词作主语，要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。 膃Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。
主谓一致性 集合名词作主语的主谓一致问题 一、必须用复数的情形 police(警察)，people(人)，cattle(牛，牲口), clothes(衣服)等集合名词作主语时，谓语总是用复数。如： My clothes were soaked. 我的衣服都湿透了。 The police are looking into the complaint. 警察在了解这项投诉。 Too few people are interested in such music nowadays. 如今对这种音乐有兴趣的人太少了。 二、必须用单数的情形 clothing(衣服)，poetry(诗歌)，baggage / luggage(行李)，furniture(家具)，scenery(景色)，jewellery(珠宝)，equipment(设备)等不可数的集合名词用作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。如： Furniture is chiefly made of wood. 家具主要是由木材制造。 Poetry was blooming in China in the Tang dynasty. 中国的诗歌在唐代十分盛行。 3. 可用单数或复数的情形 family(家庭)，team(队员)，class(班上的全体学生)，crowd(人群)，government(政府)，crew(乘务员)，committee(委员会)，audience(听众)，public(公众)等集合名词用作主语时，其谓语既可用单数，也可用复数：当它们被视为整体时，谓语用单数；当它们强调个体时，谓语用复数。如： My family is very large. 我家人很多。(视为整体) His family are waiting for him. 他家里人在等他。(强调个体成员) 注：有时没有特定的上下文，用单数或复数谓语区别不大。如： The public are [is] requested not to leave litter in the park.要求公众在公园不要乱扔东西。 the rest (of)等作主语，谓语的数取决于什么 请看下面两道题： a. The rest of the boys __________ watching TV. b. The rest of the money __________ stolen. A. were，were B. was，were C. were，was D. was，was 此题应选C。all，most，some，half，percent，the rest等词语后接介词of再接名词用作主语时，若该名词为可数名词的复数形式，则其谓语要用复数形式; 若该名词为不可数名词或可数名词的单数形式，则其谓语要用单数形式： 1. a. Most of the apples are bad. 这些苹果当中大部分是坏的。 b. Most of the apple is bad. 这个苹果坏了一大部分。 c. Most of the time was spent on it. 这上面花了大部分时间。 2. a. Half of the buildings were destroyed in the fire. 有一半的楼房在大火中被毁。 b. Half of the building was destroyed in the fire. 这座大楼在大火中有一半被毁。 c. Half of the money was spent on foo d. 有一半的钱用来买食物。 3. a. 30 percent of the workers here are women. 这里的工人有30%是女性。 b. 30 percent of the work has been done. 有30% 的工作已完成。 c. 30 percent of the wall has been painte d. 墙壁有30%已被刷漆。 并列主语受every, each修饰时谓语用单数还是复数 请看两个句子： Every boy and girl __________ the film. Each boy and girl __________ the film. A. likes，likes B. like，like C. likes，like D. like，likes 此题应选A。该题容易误选B，认为主语部分含有boy 和girl 两部分，应该用复数。其实当两个并列主语受到each，every，no等词修饰时，其谓语通常要用单数： Each boy and (each) girl was in white. 每个男孩和女孩都穿着白衣服。 Every man and woman was interested in it. 每一个男人和女人都对此感兴趣。 Each book and each paper was in proper place. 每本书和每张报纸都摆放得井井有条。 Every man and (every) woman in the village knows this. 这个村子里的男男女女都知道这事。 Every boy and every girl is given an apple. 每个男孩和每个女孩都被发给一个苹果。 No teacher and (no) student was present. 没有一个老师和学生出席。 He listened carefully，but no sound and no voice was heard. 他仔细地听，但是没听到一点声音。 we each等作主语谓语用单数还是复数 we each等作主语时，谓语动词应用复数，因为当we each作主语时，真正的主语是we，其后的each是修
【英语】中考英语主谓一致100及答案经典 一、主谓一致 1．—Why are you late，Jim？ —Because there________a lot of traffic when I came here． A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：“—Jim，你为什么迟到？—因为当我来这儿时，有许多车辆。”，原因发生在过去，而且traffic是不可数名词，本题应用is的过去式was。故选C。 考点：考查There be句型的时态用法。 2．Be quiet, please. There a basketball game between our class and Class 8. A．has B．is going to be C．will have D．is going to have 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：请安静，在我们班和8班之间将会有一场篮球比赛。根据句意可知，这里使用的是there be句型，表示“有……”，故A、C和D都不对；there is going to be是there be句型的将来时态。 考点：考查there be句型。 3．In the near future, there ____ self-driving cars in our city. A．is B．was C．are D．will be 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：在不久的将来，我们城市将有自动驾驶汽车。选项A、C为一般现在时；B为一般过去时；D为一般将来时。根据In the near future可知，本题考查there be结构的一般将来时。该结构有两种表达：there is going to be或there will be。分析选项可知，D正确。 4．—It’s a pity that my teachers parents allow me to swim alone. —After all you are too young, safety first. A．either...or B．neither… nor C．both...and D．not only...but also 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——很遗憾，我的老师和父母都不允许我独自游泳。——毕竟你还太小，安全第
（英语）初中英语主谓一致题20套(带答案) 一、主谓一致 1．Eighty percent of the students in this school ________ three to five times a week. A．exercises B．exercise C．exercising 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“在我们学校80%的学生一周锻炼三到五次”。根据three to five times a week“一周三到五次”可知，用一般现在时，排除C；“分数或者百分数+of+名词”作主语，谓语与of后的名词保持一致，即与students保持一致，students为复数，故选B。 2．Smog and haze is a kind of air pollution. It _______ people _____ about their health. A．make, worry B．make, be worried C．makes, worried D．makes, worry 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：雾霾是一种空气污染。它使人们担心他们的健康。考查主谓一致和动词短语辨析。it是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式，可排除AB两项。make让，使役动词，make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，是固定结构，可排除C项。根据句意结构，可知选D。 3．______ Lucy ______ you can go to the party. One of you has to stay at home to look after your grandma. A．Neither; nor B．Either; or C．Not only; but also D．Both; and 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：或者露西或者你能去聚会。你们中的一个人不得不待在家里照顾奶奶。考查并列连词短语。A. Neither; nor既不也不；B. Either; or或者，或者；C. Not only; but also不但，而且；D. Both; and两者都。根据One of you has to stay at home to look after your grandma.可知，两者中的一个能去，故选B。 【点睛】 either用法 形容词 a. 4．The number of the volunteers in our city 2 ,000. And sixty percent of them teachers and students. A．is; is B．is; are C．are; is D．are; are 【答案】B
主谓一致的讲解 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 关于保护环境的法律法规已经起草完成。 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉
2012年全国中考题组 1.How much ________ the pair of shoes? – Twenty dollars _________ enough. A. is; is B. is; are C. are; is D. are; are 2.–Leo, ___________no milk or eggs in the fridge.- Oh, I’ll go and buy some right away. A. it is B. there is C. there are 3.–There __________ a tiger and two chimpanzees in the zoo. Let’s go there this weekend. A. are B. is C. has D. have 4.In our school library, there _________ a number of books on science and the number of them ________ growing larger and larger. A. is; are B. are; is C. have; is 5.–My brother and I will go to the library tomorrow. – Shall we go together? A. So am I B. So do I C. So I am D. So will I 6.–I heard Huang Gang made an English speech at the graduation ceremony yesterday. - ______, and __________. A. So he did; so did I B. So did he; so I did C. So he was; so was I D. So was he; so I was 7. -Tom, I am watching football match. What about you? - __________. A. So do I B. So am I C. So I do D. So I am 8. Last Sunday my aunt __________ at home with me. We were watching TV all day. A. was B. were C. is D. are 9.The reading room ___________ very quiet. I enjoy reading books there. A. am B. is C. are D. be 10.Everyone ________ I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong. A. find B. think C. finds D. thinks 2010-2012年全国中考题组 1. Either Sam or Jane ________ TV now. A. were watching B. are watching C. is watching D. was watching 2. – It’s very hot, but quite wet today. - ____________.A. So is it B. It is so C. So it is D. So it does 3.One of my friends _______already moved to London.A. do B. does C. have D. has 4. Every student as well as some teachers who _________ to visit the museum __________ asked to be at the school gate before 7:30 in the morning.. A. are; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; are 5.The news ___________ very interesting! Tell me more!. A. is B. are C. were D .was 6.I hear one third os the books in Wuhu Library ________ new. Let's borrow some. A. is B. are C. was D. were 7. Not only my grandma but also all of us _______ looking forward to meeting my uncle . A. am B. is C. are 8. His father likes going hiking. ________. A. So does his mother B. So is his mother C. So his mother is D. So his mother does 9. Everyone except Tom and John ____________ seen the film. A. is B. has C. are D. have 10. - After reading the story about Jin jing, I was very ___________. - ____________. She's really brave.
11英语师本7班林晴学号：1102000125 英语语法主谓一致课堂教学设计 本节（课）教学内容分析 在英语学习中，随着学习的深入，同学们会不断发现能够充当主语的成分也越来越多，除了常见的名词，代词，还有非谓语，句子等等，那么如何使这些主语和它的谓语动词保持性，数上的一致，即谓语一致就成了我们英语学习中的一个重要课题。 依据标准 课程标准： 本学段主要通过对主谓一致三个原则就行讲解，让学生能够熟练掌握，并配以一定数量的数量，达到学以致用的效果。 本节课教学目标 （1）认知目标：掌握三大原则：语法一致，意义一致，就近原则。 （2）能力目标：能在写作，口语中熟练应用三大原则，写说或说出语法正确的语句。（3）情感目标：加强学生对英语语法的重视，培养学习的语法能力，激发学生对英语语法学习的兴趣。 学习者特征分析 （1）学生是闽南师范大学英语师范专业11级7班的大二学生； （2）语法是英语专业学生必须熟练掌握的一门学科； （3）学生对高级语法有一定的专业基础； （4）学生对有关语法的知识很感兴趣； （5）学生有足够的时间自行练习和提高。 教学重难点
教学环境设计
Step 2 Subject-verb Agreement 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如： There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： Readingand writing are very important. 读写很重要。 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如： The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职
英语语法——主谓一致 主谓一致有许多原则，概括起来不外乎三种一致原则，即：语法形式一致；概念一致（语言内容上一致）；毗邻一致（谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致）。 另外，根据代词应该在人称、数、性等方面与所指的词保持一致，还有指代一致。 一、语法形式一致 1、单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语，用and或both…and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。例如： Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福。Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要取决于天气的好赖。 What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper. 我所思考的和我所寻求的都在这个论文中体现了出来。 2、由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面，不能看作是并列主语，该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响，主语如是单数，其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例如： The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.
九年级英语主谓一致专项练习题 一、主谓一致 1．—Mike , you look so excited. —Yeah! There a tennis game played by Li Na this evening. A．will have B．is going to be C．is going to have D．are going to be 【答案】B 【解析】 There be句型表示“某地（或某时）存在有某人（或某物），而并非某地（某人、某物或某时）拥有什么东西”，句中有若干个名词作主语，动词be常与后面主语中的第一个名词在数上一致。have一般表示某人有某物。句意：麦克，你看起来这么兴奋啊！——是的！今晚有李娜的一场网球比赛。a tennis game是但是形式，故谓语动词用单数，结合语境可知选B。 考点：时态 2．Be quiet, please. There a basketball game between our class and Class 8. A．has B．is going to be C．will have D．is going to have 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：请安静，在我们班和8班之间将会有一场篮球比赛。根据句意可知，这里使用的是there be句型，表示“有……”，故A、C和D都不对；there is going to be是there be句型的将来时态。 考点：考查there be句型。 3．—Would you like some juice or coffee? —Either OK. I really don’t care. A．is B．are C．was 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意“-你想要果汁还是咖啡？-都可以，我不在意”。根据either可知，空处用单数，排除B；且根据句意可知，用一般现在时，故选A。 4．The rest of students in the classroom ______my classmates. A．is B．are C．be D．am 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：教室内的其他学生是我的同学们。本句主语The rest of students为复数形式，故系动词用复数形式are，选B。 考点：主谓一致
a quantity of/quantities of主谓一致问题 主谓一致是高中英语考试的重要考点之一，其中不乏难题，尤其是带有限定词的名词短语作主语时，最难选择谓语的单复数形式。例如，“a quantity of +名词”作主语时，谓语是用单数还是用复数就让广大考生困惑不已，因为目前的教辅读物中众说纷纭，矛盾重重，让人莫衷一是，到底是用单数还是用复数呢？且看下文： 问题篇： 下述几例选自学生中很有市场的几种教辅读物，他们的结论让学生误入歧途： 1.《高中专项无敌---语法》（新疆青少年出版社---王建村） （P74） a large quantity of 不管后面跟可数名词还是不可数名词，都要用单数动词，比较： Large quantities of money have been sent there. A large quantity of books has been offered to us. 2．《各个击破丛书（高中英语专项）---语法》（延边人民出版社---王建军） （数词与主谓一致p24） A (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 例如：A large quantity of people is needed here. (large) quantities of修饰可数或不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 例如：Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table.
专家观点： 1.徐广联在《大学英语语法讲座与测试》（华东理工大学出版社）中表示， a quantity of 只能修饰不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。 A quantity of 间或也可以修饰可数名词，例如， A quantity of baskets were on sale. 2.张怀信在《英语高考活用图解辞典》（延边大学出版社）中讲到， a large/small quantity of 大量的 / 少量的（可以修饰可数名词或不可数名词），例如， I need a large quantity of oil (apples). quantities of 大批的，大量的，例如， Large quantities of polluted water are flowing into the sea. 该书所附〈语法祥解篇 --- 主谓一致〉还明确指出“在以上（ a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of + 名词）的词组后面的名词是中心词，谓语动词根据后面的名词的数而定”。 3.顾南华在《中高级英语考试指南》（华中工学院出版社）中说， a quantity of, quantities of 可跟可数名词与不可数名词 , 并举有三例： There is a large quantity of milk. Great quantities of fish are caught on the high sea. Large quantities of water are needed for cooling purposes. 在 452 页讲到“ a quantity of + 不可数名词”，谓语只用单数，“ quantities of + 可数与不可数名词”，谓语要用复数。 4.章振邦在《新编英语语法》（上海译文出版社） 212 页中讲到， a quantity of 既可用于复数可数名词，也可用于不可数名词。例如 , A large quantity of flowers were heaped on the martyr’s tomb. A
主谓一致 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。 There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 15.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数 Reading and writing are very important. 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。 The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C.。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。 15.2 主谓一致中的靠近原则 1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 2）当either…or…与neither…nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。 Either you or she is to go. Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 15.3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. He as well as I wants to go boating. 15.4 谓语需用单数 1）代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。 Each of us has a tape-recorder. There is something wrong with my watch. 2）当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。 The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.<<天方夜谭>>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。
创作编号： GB8878185555334563BT9125XW 创作者：凤呜大王* 主谓一致的讲解 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 法规制定
初三英语主谓一致测试卷(有答案)1 一、主谓一致 1．-There______many trees at the foot of the mountain. --But now they are slowly disappearing because of human activities. A．is used to B．used to C．used to be 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：――过去山脚下有许多树。――但是现在因为人类的活动，它们正慢慢地消失。used to +动词原形，表示过去常常；be used to doing sth表示习惯于做某事；be used to do sth 表示被用于做某事。根据句意，本题表示过去常常用，用used to+动词原形。前句是there be结构，主要动词是be。故选C。 【考点定位】考查助动词辨析。 2．Now the number of students who bedrooms of their own getting larger and larger. A．has;are B．have;is C．has;is D．Have;are 【答案】B 【解析】句意：现在拥有自己卧室的学生越来越多。have动词，有；has动词三单，有。is 是，动词单三形式；are是，主语为第一、二人称，以及第三人称复数。定语从句Now the number of students who____ bedrooms of their own中，students为先行词，复数含义，所以定语从句谓语动词使用复数形式have。第二个空为be动词，其主语为the number（单数含义），所以be动词使用is。故选：B。 点睛：the number of表示“……的数量”，跟复数名词连用作主语时，中心词是number，谓语动词要用单数; a number of表示“许多”，相当于 many，修饰可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 3．--What do you think of the environment here, Mr. Wang? --Wonderful! of the land covered with trees and grass． A．Two fifths; is B．Two fifth; is C．Two fifths; are D．Two fifth; are 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你认为这里的环境怎么样？——棒极了！五分之二的陆地被树木和草所覆盖。根据选项可知，第一个空所缺的词为分数；分数的表达法为分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于1，分母加s，所以五分之二的表达方法为two fifths，排除B,D；分数后面的名词为land，又知land意为“陆地，土地”，为不可数名词，根据主谓一致的原则，所以第二个空缺处应用is，故答案选A。 点睛：“分数或百分数＋名词”等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词，如果是单数名词或不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数