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美国文学史及选读1复习笔记_1939184186

美国文学史及选读1复习笔记_1939184186
美国文学史及选读1复习笔记_1939184186

美国文学史及选读试卷 (1)

美国文学史及选读试卷 Ⅰ.Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternatives. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. (60points in all, 2 for each) 1. Which of following can be said of the common features which are shared by the English and American Romanticists ? A. An increasing emphasis on the free expression of emotions. B. An increasing attention to the psychic states of their characters. C. An increasing emphasis on the desire to return to nature. D. both A and B. 2. Which of the following statements about the Romantic period in the history of American literature is NOT true? () A. In most of the American writings of this period there was a new emphasis upon the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature. B. The writers of this period placed an increasing emphasis on the free expression of emotions and displayed an increasing attention to the psychic states of their characters. C. There was a strong tendency to exalt the individual and the common man. D. Most heroes and heroines in the writings of this period exhibited extremes of reason and nationality. 3.______ is unanimously agreed to be the summit of the American Romanticism in the history of American literature. A. New England Transcendentalism B. England Transcendentalism C. the Harlem Renaissance D. New Transcendentalism 4.Hawthorn e’s unique gift was for the creation of ______ which touch the deepest roots of man’s moral nature. A. symbolic stories B. romantic stories

(完整word版)外国文学史复习笔记

外国文学史期末复习笔记 第一章古代文学 一、古希腊文学 (一)英雄时代(荷马时代) 1.时期(填空) 公元前12世纪至公元前8世纪是古希腊从氏族公社制向奴隶制社会过渡的时期,史称“英雄时代”,又称“荷马时代”,这时文学的主要成就是神话和史诗。 2.神的名称(必考填空、选择) 雷电神:宙斯天后:赫拉海洋神:波塞东(poseidon)农神:得墨忒耳(demeter)太阳神:阿波罗(apollo)战神:阿瑞斯(Ares) 火神:赫淮斯托斯(Hephfis)神使:赫尔墨斯(Hermes) 女战神:雅典娜爱神:阿佛洛狄忒(Aphrodite) 月神:阿尔忒弥斯(Artemis) 家神:赫斯提亚(Hestia) 3.古希腊神话(名词解释) 1)时间:公元前12世纪至公元前8世纪是古希腊从氏族公社制向奴隶制社会过渡的时期,史称“英雄时代” 2)含义:是原始氏族社会的精神产物,是古希腊人集体创造的口头创作,是欧洲最早的文学形式。大体可以分为神的故事和英雄传说两大部分 3)产生原因:是生产力发展的低级阶段的反映;氏族公社社会基本特征的表现;希腊宗教崇拜的起源。 4)艺术特征(简答) ①想象力极强。 ②故事性极强。 ③哲理性极强。 5)影响: ①古希腊文学艺术的宝库和土壤;荷马史诗《神谱》古希腊戏剧。 ②对古罗马的文化艺术产生了巨大影响。 ③古典时期、文艺复兴时期以神话为基础 4.潘多拉的盒子(名词解释)

1)潘多拉,希腊神话中火神赫淮斯托斯或宙斯用粘土做成的地上的第一个女人,作为对普罗米修斯造人和盗火的惩罚送给人类的第一个女人。众神亦加入使她拥有更诱人的魅力。 2)潘多拉打开魔盒,释放出人世间的所有邪恶——贪婪、虚无、诽谤、嫉妒、痛苦等等,但潘多拉却照众神之父的旨意趁希望没有来得及释放时,又盖上了盒盖,把它永远锁在盒内。 (二)大移民时代 代表作家作品(填空) 抒情诗:抒情诗有多种体裁,主要有双管歌、琴歌和讽刺诗,其中琴歌的成就最大。 《伊索寓言》反映的是奴隶制劳动人民的思想感情 (三)古典时期 二、古罗马文学(古罗马文学为什么是希腊和后世文学的桥梁) 1.古罗马成了古希腊文化的直接继承者。 2.丧失了古希腊文学的生动活泼的精神灵气,显示出了精神和情感世界的贫乏。 3.古罗马崇尚武力,对人的力量的崇拜表现为对政治与军事的追去,由此演化出对集权国家和个体自我牺牲精神的崇拜。古罗马文学比古希腊文学更富有理性意识和责任观念,风格更庄严和崇高。但是,古罗马文学人文观念的主体依然是古希腊式的世俗人本意识,仍属于古希腊式的文化范畴。 4.古希腊文学中的世俗人本意识在古罗马文学中得到了体现,并经由古罗马文学广泛地流传于后世的西方文学。 三、荷马史诗(名词解释) 1.概念:《伊利昂纪》和《奥德修纪》是古代希腊的两大史诗,相传是由一个叫荷马的诗人所做,故称荷马史诗。又被称为“英雄史诗” 2.两部史诗: 1)《伊利昂纪》希腊人围攻特洛伊城的故事。 2)《奥德修纪》希腊英雄奥德修斯在特洛伊战争结束后返乡的故事。 3.人物形象:阿基琉斯:在战场上勇敢善战、奋不顾身而又暴烈鲁莽。 赫克托耳:英雄主义富有悲剧色彩。奥德修斯:

美国文学史及选读期末复习题

1.Captain John Smith became the first American writer. 2.The puritans looked upon themselves as a chosen people. is an annual collection of proverbs written by Benjamin Franklin. 4.Thomas Paine’s famous pamphlet Common Sense boldly advocated a “Declaration for Independence”. 5.Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of Independence with John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston.

has been called the “Father of American Poetry”. 7.In Washington I rving’s appeared the first modern short stories and the first great American juvenile literature. 8.Cooper’s enduring fame rests on his William Cullen Bryant’s wok. is considered “father of American detective stories and American gothic stories”. 10.Emerson believed above all in

外国文学史知识点

自考《外国文学史》复习资料——汉语言文学 选择题 1、希腊神话的特点是:人神同形同性。 2、古希腊著名的英雄:雷电之神宙斯、太阳神阿波罗、智慧女神雅典娜、月亮神阿尔忒弥斯、战神阿瑞斯、美神(爱神)阿佛罗狄忒、火神(工匠神)赫菲斯托斯、神使赫尔墨斯。 3、古代希腊文学分为: 1)荷马时代的希腊文学。公元前11世纪到公元前9世纪,史称“荷马时代”或“英雄时代”;2)希腊城邦时期抒情诗兴起;代表诗人:饮酒歌诗人是:萨福(女诗人),阿那克瑞翁(以醇酒和爱情为主),合唱诗人:品达罗斯。 3)“古典时期”的希腊文学,主要形式是古希腊悲剧;成就主要是雅典文学。亚里士多德《诗学》。 4)“希腊化”时期的希腊文学,主要戏剧形式是“新喜剧”,重要作家是米南德。 4、荷马史诗包括两部:《伊利亚特》《奥德修纪》。 5、古代希腊戏剧是从狄俄倪索斯的祭典发展而来的。狄俄倪索斯是酒神。 6、悲剧起源于“酒神颂歌”。希腊原文意思是“山羊之歌”,喜剧是“狂欢之歌” 7、希腊的悲剧的艺术形式分为:戏剧的成分和合唱队的抒情成分。 三大悲剧诗人:埃斯库罗斯(悲剧之父)、索福克勒斯、欧里庇得斯。 8、古典时期的雅典喜剧称为“旧喜剧”。 最早的喜剧作家是“克拉提诺斯”。 代表作家:阿里斯托芬(喜剧之父),被恩格斯称为“有强烈倾向的诗人”。 代表作《阿哈奈人》《骑士》。 9、古代希腊罗马是欧洲文化的发源地。 10、恩格斯:没有希腊文化和罗马帝国所奠定的基础,也就没有现代的欧洲。 11、古希腊文化被称为:“克里特——迈锡尼文化” 12、希腊悲剧发展的三个不同阶段及代表诗人。 1.埃斯库罗斯。被称为“悲剧之父”。他对希腊悲剧的发展贡献极大。风格是庄严雄浑。代表作《被缚的普罗米修斯》《波斯人》。 2.索福克勒斯。代表作《奥狄浦斯王》《安提戈涅》。 3.欧里庇得斯。名作如《美狄亚》《希波吕托斯》《安德罗玛克》《特洛亚妇女》,突出的特点一是写女性,二是心理描写。 13、古希腊的文化中心是雅典。 14、亚里士多德的文艺理论著作是《诗学》。 15、“新喜剧”的重要作家是米南德,代表作是《恨世者》和《萨摩斯女子》。 16、古罗马的喜剧作家作家有普劳图斯和泰伦提乌斯。 17、普劳图斯的作品:《一坛黄金》、《孪生兄弟》、《吹牛的军人》。 18、泰伦提乌斯的作品:《婆母》、《两兄弟》。 19、古罗马奥古斯都时期最重要的作家是三位诗人:维吉尔、贺拉斯、奥维德。 20、维吉尔的主要作品是《牧歌》、《农事诗》和史诗《埃涅阿斯纪》。 21、教会统治和教会文学是中世纪文学的最主要内容。 22、教会统治思想的主要武器是《圣经》。《圣经》分为《旧约》和《新约》两部分。 23、《新约》所讲的内容是:耶稣的一生的经历和他的言行。 24、中世纪早期英雄史诗包括:日耳曼的《希尔德布兰特之歌》、盎格鲁?撒克逊的《贝奥武甫》、冰岛的“埃达”和“萨迦”。

美国文学史及选读复习重点

Captain John Smith (first American writer). Anne Bradstreet;The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America (colonists living) Edward Taylor(the best puritan poet) John Cotton ”the Patriarch of New England” teacher spiritual leader Benjamin Franklin The Autobiography Poor Richard’s Almanack Thomas Jefferson: Political Career Thoughts The Declaration of Independence we hold truth to be self-evidence Philip Freneau“Father of American Poetry” The Wild Honey Suckle American Romanticism optimism and hope Nationalism Washington Irving“Father of American Literature short story”The first “Pure Writer” A History of New York The Sketch Book marked the beginning of American Romanticism! “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”Rip Van Winkle James Fenimore Cooper Father of American sea and frontier novels Leather stocking Tales The Last of the Mohicans The Pioneers The Prairie The Pathfinder The Deerslayer Edgar Allan Poe father of detective story and horror fiction Tales of the Grotesque and the Arabesque “MS. Found in a Bottle” “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” “The Fall of the House of Usher”“The Masque of the Red Death”“The

华师自考美国文学史及选读试题

美国文学史及选读试题 I. Multiple Choice 10’ 1. Who is different from others according to the division of writing period? A. Washington Irving B.William Cullen Bryant C. Captain John Smith D. James Fenimore Cooper 2. The American Romantic Period lasted roughly from ____ to ____. A. 1798-1832 B. 1810-1860 C. 1860-1864 D. 1776-1783 3. How many syllables are there in this first line of Raven? (“Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary,”) A. 11 B. 12 C. 13 D. 16 4. What dominated the Puritan phase of American writing? A. theology B. literature C. esthetics D. revolution 5. At the initial period of the spread of ideas of the Enlightenment was largely due to ____. A. typography B. journalism C. revolution D. the development of paper-making industry 6. Who has been called the “Father of American Literature”? A. Walt Scott B. Geoffrey Chaucer

美国文学史及选读期末复习题

1.C aptain John Smith became the first American writer. 2.T he puritans looked upon themselves as a chosen people. collection of proverbs written by Benjamin Franklin. 4.T homas Paine’s famous pamphlet Common Sense boldly advocated a “Declaration for Independence”.

5.T homas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of Independence with John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston. has been called the “Father of American Poetry”. 7.I n Washington Irving’s appeared the first modern short stories and the first great American juvenile literature.

8.C ooper’s enduring fame rests on his frontier stories, especially the five novels that comprise the is perhaps the peak of William Cullen Bryant’s wok. “father of American detective stories and American gothic stories”.

美国文学史及选读考研复习笔记6.

History And Anthology of American Literature (6) 附:作者及作品 一、殖民主义时期The Literature of Colonial America 1.船长约翰·史密斯Captain John Smith 《自殖民地第一次在弗吉尼亚垦荒以来发生的各种事件的真实介绍》 “A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Note as Hath Happened in Virginia Since the First Planting of That Colony” 《弗吉尼亚地图,附:一个乡村的描述》 “A Map of Virginia: with a Description of the Country” 《弗吉尼亚通史》“General History of Virginia” 2.威廉·布拉德福德William Bradford 《普利茅斯开发历史》“The History of Plymouth Plantation”3.约翰·温思罗普John Winthrop 《新英格兰历史》“The History of New England” 4.罗杰·威廉姆斯Roger Williams 《开启美国语言的钥匙》”A Key into the Language of America” 或叫《美洲新英格兰部分土著居民语言指南》 Or “A Help to the Language of the Natives in That Part of America Called New England ” 5.安妮·布莱德斯特Anne Bradstreet 《在美洲诞生的第十个谬斯》 ”The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America” 二、理性和革命时期文学The Literature of Reason and Revolution 1。本杰明·富兰克林Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) ※《自传》“ The Autobiography ” 《穷人理查德的年鉴》“Poor Richard’s Almanac” 2。托马斯·佩因Thomas Paine (1737-1809) ※《美国危机》“The American Crisis” 《收税官的案子》“The Case of the Officers of the Excise”《常识》“Common Sense” 《人权》“Rights of Man” 《理性的时代》“The Age of Reason” 《土地公平》“Agrarian Justice” 3。托马斯·杰弗逊Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) ※《独立宣言》“The Declaration of I ndependence” 4。菲利浦·弗瑞诺Philip Freneau (1752-1832) ※《野忍冬花》“The Wild Honey Suckle” ※《印第安人的坟地》“The Indian Burying Ground” ※《致凯提·迪德》“To a Caty-Did” 《想象的力量》“The Power of Fancy” 《夜屋》“The House of Night” 《英国囚船》“The British Prison Ship” 《战争后期弗瑞诺主要诗歌集》 “The Poems of Philip Freneau Written Chiefly During the Late War” 《札记》“Miscellaneous Works” 三、浪漫主义文学The Literature of Romanticism 1。华盛顿·欧文Washington Irving (1783-1859) ※《作者自叙》“The Author’s Account of Himself” ※《睡谷传奇》“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” 《见闻札记》“Sketch Book” 《乔纳森·欧尔德斯泰尔》“Jonathan Oldstyle” 《纽约外史》“A History of New York” 《布雷斯布里奇庄园》“Bracebridge Hall” 《旅行者故事》“Tales of Traveller” 《查理二世》或《快乐君主》“Charles the Second” Or “The Merry Monarch” 《克里斯托弗·哥伦布生平及航海历史》 “A History of the Life and V oyages of Christopher Columbus” 《格拉纳达征服编年史》”A Chronicle of the Conquest of Grandada” 《哥伦布同伴航海及发现》 ”V oyages and Discoveries of the Companions of Columbus” 《阿尔罕布拉》“Alhambra” 《西班牙征服传说》“Legends of the Conquest of Spain” 《草原游记》“A Tour on the Prairies” 《阿斯托里亚》“Astoria” 《博纳维尔船长历险记》“The Adventures of Captain Bonneville” 《奥立弗·戈尔德史密斯》”Life of Oliver Goldsmith” 《乔治·华盛顿传》“Life of George Washington” 2.詹姆斯·芬尼莫·库珀James Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851) ※《最后的莫希干人》“The Last of the Mohicans” 《间谍》“The Spy” 《领航者》“The Pilot” 《美国海军》“U.S. Navy” 《皮袜子故事集》“Leather Stocking Tales” 包括《杀鹿者》、《探路人》”The Deerslayer”, ”The Pathfinder” 《最后的莫希干人》“The Last of the Mohicans” 《拓荒者》、《大草原》“The Pioneers”, “The Praire” 3。威廉·卡伦·布莱恩特William Cullen Bryant (1794-1878) ※《死之思考》“Thanatopsis” ※《致水鸟》“To a Waterfowl” 4。埃德加·阿伦·坡Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) ※《给海伦》“To Helen” ※《乌鸦》“The Raven” ※《安娜贝尔·李》“Annabel Lee” ※《鄂榭府崩溃记》“The Fall of the House of Usher” 《金瓶子城的方德先生》“Ms. Found in a Bottle” 《述异集》“Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque” 5。拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) ※《论自然》“Nature” ※《论自助》“Self-Reliance” 《美国学者》“The American Scholar” 《神学院致辞》“The Divinity School Address” 《随笔集》“Essays” 《代表》“Representative Men” 《英国人》“English Traits” 《诗集》“Poems” 6。亨利·戴维·梭罗Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) ※《沃尔登我生活的地方我为何生活》 1

美国文学史及选读考试整理

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