现在完成时句型及图解
构成 助动词have/has +过去分词 例:肯定句 I have worked. 否定句 I have not (haven't ) worked. 疑问句 Have you worked ? 回答 Yes, I have. / No , I have n't . 二.功能及意义 1.表示一个动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响,但没有具体的过去时间修饰。常 由下列副词修饰： ever 曾经，never 从不，already 已经，yet 还（未），（yet 只用在否定句和疑问句中），just 刚刚，recently ，lately 近来，so far 迄今为 止=un til now, up to now ， before 以前 例：Have you ever been to the Great Wall?尔曾经去过长城吗？ I have n ever heard of such a ma 我从没有听说过那个人。 We have just had lunch 我们刚刚吃过午饭 I have already returned your money 我已经把钱还给你了。 I have n't fou nd my book yet.（否）我还没有找到笔记本 Have you do ne your homework yet?（疑） 你做作业了吗？ Have you heard from him recen tly ?你最近收到他的来信了吗？ So far, no one has made any mistakes y 迄今为止 还没有人犯错误 I have n ever traveled by pla ne before 我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过 2表示一个动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在刚刚结束或者仍在继续。常常与 下列时间状语连用： —for + 一段时间 I have lear ned En glishfor 8 years —since +过去的一个时间点 I have lear ned En glish since 2001 —since + 一段时间 + ago I have lear ned En glish since 8 years ago —since +时态为一般过去时的时间状语从句 I have lear ned En glish since I was 5 years old —in the past/last + 时间段 We have had two En glish exams in the past two mon th 近 两个月来我们进行了 2 次 英语考试 Great cha nges have take n place in my hometow n in the past ten year 近十年来我的 家乡发生了巨大的变化。 三延续性动词与短暂性动词的用法 现在完成时 He has worked. He has not (has n't )worked . Has he worked ? Yes, he has./ No, he has n't.
现在完成时 一．构成 助动词have/has + 过去分词 例:肯定句I have worked. He has worked. 否定句I have not (haven't ) worked. He has not (hasn't )worked . 疑问句Have you worked ? Has he worked ? 回答Yes，I have. / No , I haven't . Yes, he has./ No, he hasn't. 二．功能及意义 1.表示一个动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，但没有具体的过去时间修饰。常由下列副词修饰：ever曾经，never从不，already已经，yet还（未），（yet 只用在否定句和疑问句中），just刚刚，recently，lately近来，so far 迄今为止= until now, up to now，before 以前 例：Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗？ I have never heard of such a man.我从没有听说过那个人。 We have just had lunch 我们刚刚吃过午饭 I have already returned your money.我已经把钱还给你了。 I haven't found my book yet. （否）我还没有找到笔记本 Have you done your homework yet?（疑）你做作业了吗？ Have you heard from him recently ? 你最近收到他的来信了吗？ So far, no one has made any mistakes yet.迄今为止还没有人犯错误 I have never traveled by plane before .我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过 2 表示一个动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在刚刚结束或者仍在继续。常常与下列时间状语连用： →for + 一段时间 I have learned English for 8 years---我已经学习英语八年了 →since + 过去的一个时间点 I have learned English since 2001---我从2001年开始学英语 →since + 一段时间+ ago I have learned English since 8 years ago---我从八年前开始学英语 →since + 时态为一般过去时的时间状语从句 I have learned English since I was 5 years old---我从五岁开始学英语 → in the past/last +时间段 We have had two English exams in the past two months在过去的两个月里我们进行了2次英语考试 Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years 近十年来我的
八年级英语句型及语法(英语现在完成时)含解析 一、初中英语现在完成时 1．— Where is your uncle? I haven't seen him for a long time. — He _______ Beijing for about half a year. He moved there in January. A. has gone to B. has been to C. has arrived in D. has been in 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查延续与非延续性动词。根据for about half a year是一段时间，排除非延续性动词A、B、C这三个选项，故选D。 2．I ________ an invitation to the concert. I can't wait to go. A. receive B. will receive C. was receiving D. have received 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：我已经收到音乐会的邀请，我等不及要去了。由句意得知我已经收到去音乐会的邀请函，动作已完成造成的影响是我等不及要去，要用现在完成时，故答案选D。 【点评】考查动词时态。根据题目所给语境推断出应使用的时态。 3．—Look! Your teacher Miss White is over there. —No, it can't be her. She ______ to Beijing. A. has gone B. has been C. went D. will go 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：--看！你的老师怀特小姐在那边。--不，那肯定不是她。她去了北京。A. has gone去了某地，表示该人不在说话地点； B. has been去过某地，表示主语曾经去过某地，有这种经历；C. went过去式，去；D. will go将来时态，将要去。根据前面的否定猜测，可知怀特小姐去了北京，故选A。 【点评】考查固定搭配have gone to。 4．—_______ my dictionary? I can't find it anywhere. —I _______ it on the desk when I came in. A. Did you see; have seen B. Have you seen; have seen C. Have you seen; saw D. Did you see; see 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：---你看见我的词典了吗？我到处都找不到了。---我进来的时候看见在桌子上。根据句意，第一空实际上是询问词典在哪儿，即表示看见词典与现在有关系，所以用现在完成时；第二空根据when I came in可知是过去我进来的时候发生的动作，用一般过去时，故答案为C。 【点评】考查动词的时态，注意理解句意，根据时态的定义判断。
现在完成时练习 语法 1、结构：have（has）+动词的过去分词 否定句：主语+haven’t（hasn’t）+动词的过去分词 一般疑问句：have（has）+主语+动词的过去分词 2、动词的过去分词：规则变化（和过去时一样） 不规则变化（见书本不规则动词表） 3、用法： 1）表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 Eg: I have just cleaned my clothes.我刚洗过衣服。 （“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”。） I have just had my breakfast.（对现在的影响：不饿） 通常与already,just, ever,yet,never,before等时间副词连用。 2）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，也可能继续下去的动作或状态。 *for+一段时间（延续性动词）eg: She has learned English for 3 years. (但非延续性动词的否定形式也可以) eg: They haven’t seen each other for 10 years. *since+过去时间点（过去时动词）注意不能和一段时间连用 Eg: They have lived here since 3 years ago.(They have lived here since 2005.)
Since+句子（一般过去时） Eg: We have been good friends since she moved to Nantong. 一、、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1、It __________ (rain) for three days. 2、I don’t know this old man. I __________ (meet, never ) her. 3、let’s go to the cinema. No, I _________(see, already) the film. 4、We __________(finish, not ) our homework yet. 5、Mum _____________(come, not) yet. She will be back in a minute. 6、I _____________(know) Lily for two years. 7、Have you __________( write) three letters this moring? 8、Zhang Hong __________(make) many friends since she came to London. 9、__________ they __________(visit) the Great Wall? Not yet. 10、Will the concert finish soon? No, it ________ just __________ (start). 二、句型转换 1、They have already gone to school.（改为一般疑问句及否定回答） __________ they __________ to school _________? No, they ___________. 2、My father has read ten books about computers.(划线提问)
现在完成时的用法（上） 一．概念 现在完成时表示事情发生在过去，但与现在的情况有关系，即或者是讲一个影响现在的动作，或者讲迄今为止这一段时间的情况。现在完成时属于现在时，要注意与一般过去时的区别。 二．动词形式 由“助动词have/has + 动词过去分词done”2部分构成，简言之“have/has done”。 说明：①现在完成时的疑问式是把助动词have、has直接提到主语之前；否定式是直接在助动词have、has后加not。如： The door has opened. →Has the door opened? →The door hasn’t opened. ②助动词have在人代词后可缩写为“’v e”，has可缩写为“’s”。如： 1）They’ve gone. =They have gone. 2）He’s returned. =He has returned. 三．主要用法 现在完成时的用法对初学者来说可能比较难理解些，但是只要用心体会、反复体会，并多仿照一些例句造句使用、不断总结，就会很快掌握的。其用法主要有以下几个方面：㈠表示发生在过去的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。此用法常与already（已经）, yet （已经；还）, just（刚刚）等副词状语连用。例如： 1）He has (already) left here. 他现在已经离开这儿了。 解释：这句话并不强调他什么时候离开的，重点强调他现在人不在这儿了。 2）Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗？ 提示：如果是你这样问对方，那么你是什么意思？如果对方说他还没有吃午饭，那么你现在该怎么说或该去怎么做？ 3）He has hurt his leg. 他的腿伤了。 解释：强调他的腿伤了到现在还没好呢，即不强调什么时候伤的，重点强调对现在造成的影响：他现在什么也不能做。比如有一些小伙伴想找他 去踢球或跑步等，如果你是他的家人或熟人，那么你这时就可告诉小 伙伴们说：Sorry. He has hurt his leg. 4）I have (already) posted the letter. 我已经把那封信寄出去了。 解释：信已不在我这儿了。 比较：I haven’t posted the letter (yet). 那信我还没有寄出去呢。 解释：信现在还在我这儿。 5）The light has gone out! We can’t do our homework. So let’s go out and play! 6）Have you cleaned the room? ------Yes, I’ve just cleaned it. It looks very nice now. ㈡表示从过去就已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态（可能就此停止，也可能继续持续下去）。此用法往往和since或for等引导的（表示一段时间的）时间状语连用。此用法用的谓语动词必须是持续性动词！ 例如： 1）They have lived in Beijing since he was born. 2）He has taught here for three years.
创作编号：BG7531400019813488897SX 创作者：别如克* 现在完成时 一．构成 助动词have/has + 过去分词 例:肯定句I have worked. He has worked. 否定句I have not (haven't ) worked. He has not (hasn't )worked . 疑问句Have you worked ? Has he worked ? 回答Yes，I have. / No , I haven't . Yes, he has./ No, he hasn't. 二．功能及意义 1.表示一个动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，但没有具体的过去时间修饰。常由下列副词修饰：ever曾经，never从不，already已经，yet还（未），（yet只用在否定句和疑问句中），just刚刚，recently，lately近来，so far 迄今为止= until now, up to now，before 以前 例：Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗？ I have never heard of such a man.我从没有听说过那个人。 We have just had lunch 我们刚刚吃过午饭 I have already returned your money.我已经把钱还给你了。 I haven't found my book yet. （否）我还没有找到笔记本 Have you done your homework yet?（疑）你做作业了吗？ Have you heard from him recently ? 你最近收到他的来信了吗？ So far, no one has made any mistakes yet.迄今为止还没有人犯错误 I have never traveled by plane before .我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过 2 表示一个动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在刚刚结束或者仍在继续。常常与下列时间状语连用： →for + 一段时间 I have learned English for 8 years →since + 过去的一个时间点 I have learned English since 2001 →since + 一段时间+ ago I have learned English since 8 years ago
现在完成时(1) 基本结构： 肯定句: have/has+过去分词(done)+其他 否定句：have+not/haven’t +过去分词(done) +其他 has+not/ hasn’t+过去分词(done) +其他 一般疑问句及回答：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他 Yes, 主语+have/has.(肯定) No, 主语+haven't/hasn't.(否定) 一、表示在过去不确定的时间里发生的对现在造成影响的动作或结果。 I have already spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了) Guo zijun has just come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿) My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿) 过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规 则相同。四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2、不规则动词： do---did---done go---went---gone come---came---come have---had---had see---saw---seen be---was/were---been
现在完成时句型翻译练习 一、翻译下列句子： 1. 你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？ 2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。 3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。 4. 他已经吃过午饭了。 5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？ 6. 我哥哥还没回来。 7. 我上星期看过这部电影。 8. 在1992年他住在这里。 9.这本字典我已买了三年了。 10.他离开中国三年了。 11.我认识他们五年了。 12.他们已去了美国五年了。 13.自从他搬到福州，他就住这儿了。 14.他们已经结婚10年。 15.我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。 16.这会已开了多长时间了？ 17.这门已经关了两天了。 18.我入团2年了。 19.他们已经相互认识。 20.我已经在农场里呆了五年
参考答案： 1.Have you eaten fish and French fries? 2.I have lost my chemistry book. 3 I have never been to that farm. 4. He already had lunch. 5 Have you seen this movie yet? 6 My brother has not returned. 7 I have seen this movie last week. 8 He has lived here since 1992. 9 I have had this dictionary for three years. 10He has left China for three years. 11 They have known each other for five years. 12 They have been in the USA for five years. 13 He has lived here since he moved Fuzhou. 14 They have married for ten years. 15 My sister has been a university student for three years. 16 How long has the meeting kept? 17 The door has closed for two days. 18I have joined in the Communist Youth League for two years. 19 They have known each other since 1999. 20 I have been in the farm for five years.
现在完成时的句型、用法及例句 现在完成时 构成一． 助动词 have/has + 过去分词 例:肯定句 I have worked.He has worked. 否定句 I have not (haven't ) worked.He has not (hasn't )worked . 疑问句 Have you worked ?Has he worked ? 回答Yes，I have. / No , I haven't .Yes, he has./ No, he hasn't. 功能及意义二． 表示一个动作发生在过去，对现在仍有影响，但没有具体的过 1.去时间修饰。常由下列副词修饰： ever曾经， never从不， already 已经， yet还（未），（yet只用在否定句和疑问句中）， just刚刚，recently，lately近来， so far 迄今为止= until now, up to now， before 以前 现在完成时的句型、用法及例句 例：Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾经去过xx吗？ I have never heard of such a man.我从没有听说过那个人。 We have just had lunch 我们刚刚吃过午饭
I have already returned your money.我已经把钱还给你了。 I haven't found my book yet. （否）我还没有找到笔记本 Have you done your homework yet?（疑）你做作业了吗？ Have you heard from him recently ? 你最近收到他的来信了吗？So far, no one has made any mistakes yet.迄今为止还没有人犯错误 I have never traveled by plane before .我以前从来没有乘飞机 旅行过 2 表示一个动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在刚刚结束或者仍在继续。常常与下列时间状语连用： →for + 一段时间 现在完成时的句型、用法及例句 I have learned English for 8 years →since + 过去的一个时间点 I have learned English since 2001 →since + 一段时间+ ago I have learned English since 8 years ago →since + 时态为一般过去时的时间状语从句 I have learned English since I was 5 years old → in the past/last +时间段 We have had two English exams in the past two months近两个 月来我们进行了2次英语考试
现在完成时的基本句型： 肯定式：主语+ 助动词 have/has + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式：助动词 Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词? 否定式 :主语+ 助动词 have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 例句： 1.I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间。 2.He hasn ’ t finishedhis homework. 他还没完成作业。 3.Have you read this novel ? 你看过这本小说吗？ Yes , I have. 是的，看过了。No, I haven’不，t.没看过。 4.We have studied English for two years. 我们已经学了两年英语了。 5.They haven ’ t se e nach other since 1998. 自从 1998 年他们就没再见过面。 现在完成时的主要用法 1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 -- It’s so dark. --Someone has turned off the light. (有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑 ) --Are you free? --I have finished my homework. I am free (我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空) 2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一 时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用.表示持续动作或状态的词应是 延续性动词 .常与since + 过去的时间点，since+谓语是一般过去时的从句；for + 一段时间， so far 等时间状语连用。如： I have learnt English for more than ten years. 我已经学了 10 多年的英语。(从 10 年前开始 ,持续到现在还在学 ) She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时 (半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游) 3.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历. I have ever been to the Summer Palace?(我曾去过颐和园) I have never had a car.(我从未有过汽车。) 现在完成时的时间状语 常与① already, ② never,③ ever,④ just（刚才）,⑤ yet,⑥before, ⑦ up to now, ⑧ so far（到目前为止） , ⑨ for the last few weeks, ⑩ these days, ⑾ since 2010/ two years ago, since he came here, ⑿ for a long time (13) in the last/ past? years 等连用。 a）already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气； yet 用于否定句和疑问句。 eg: ?He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。 ?Has he already left here? 他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气） ?My teach ers haven ’ t had breakfast yet我的.老师们还没有吃早饭。 ?Have you written to your parents yet? 你已经给你父母写过信了吗？ b） never 是否定词，表示“从来没有”，而ever表示“曾经” ?We have never been to the Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。 ? Have you ever been to Canada?你们曾经去过加拿大吗？ c） just 表示“刚刚”（用于完成时态时，与 already ，never 等副词的位置一样，多用在助动词 have/has 和动词过去分词之间） ,just now(用于 过去时 ) ?He has just come back. 他刚刚回来。 ?They have just finished the work. 他们刚刚完成那项工作。 d） before 用于完成时，而ago 用于过去时 - 1 -
现在完成时——讲解部分 现在完成时的构成：助动词have（has）+ 过去分词 1．表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。例如： I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。 （“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”） 现在完成时常用的时间状语有： already （”已经” 用于肯定句的中间和末尾处） never (“从不” 用于中间处) ever （”曾经” 用于疑问句和肯定句的中间处）just (“刚刚” 用于中间处) yet (“已经” 用于疑问句的末尾处/ “还” 用于否定句的末尾处)或不加任何的时间状语，但不能和表示过去的时间状语连用. 1. 现在完成时的"完成用法" A、定义现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束但该动作对现在产生了影响与现在情况具有因果关系。 例如He has turned off the light. 他已把灯关了。 ( 动作结束于过去但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。) B、特点现在完成时"完成用法"的特点是动作不延续因此该时态只能与表示不定的 过去时间状语(如already yet beforer ecently等)、频度时间状语(如never ever once 等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如this morning/ month /year...today等)连用。 例如 Have you found your pen yet 你已找到你的钢笔了吗 2.现在完成时的"未完成用法" 3. A、定义现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻一直延续到现 在或可能还要继续下去。 4.例如He has lived here since 1978. 自从1978年以来他一直住在这儿。 (动作起始 于1978年一直住到现在可能还要继续住下去。) 5. I have been in the army for more than 5 years. 我在部队已经呆了五年多了。 (动 作开始于5年前一直延续至今有可能还要继续下去。)
现在完成时讲解 一、基本结构： 1、肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词(done)+------. 2、否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+------. 3、一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+------. 回答: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定) No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定) 二、用法 （1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I have spent all of my money. (含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Lily has (just/already) come. (含义：Lily现在在这儿) My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿) （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的, 持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for （+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用. ①for+时段 ②since+过去时间（译为：自从……以来） ③since+从句（过去时） ④It is+时段+since+从句（过去时） Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 三、has gone (to), has been (to), has been (in)的区别 1、Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场) Where is your fatherHe has gone to Shanghai. 2、Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方） My father has been to Shanghai. 3、Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方） My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago. 四、现在完成时的标志 1、现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:
反意疑问句讲解 1. 前肯（定）+后否（定）？ 一、反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分 的时态一致。如：1。You can do it, can’t you? 2.They are very late for the meeting, aren’t they? 3.He has supper at home every day, doesn’t he? (不能用 hasn’t he?) 4.They have known the matter, haven’t they? 5.They wi ll go to town soon, won’t they? 6.He worked very hard, did n’t he? 他过去工作很努力，对吧？ Yes, he did. No, he didn’t. 是的，他很努力。不，他工作不努力。 二．前否（定）+后肯（定）？ 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有not no，nothing, no one, never, hardly, little, few，seldom等表否定的词。 变反意疑问句时要用前否（定）+后肯（定）？ 如：1.He isn’t playing football now, is he? 2.She never tells a lie, does she?(不用doesn’t she?) 3.I have few books, do I? 4, He was seldom late, was he?(不用wasn’t he?) 5.There is little water in the bag, is there? 6.Nothing is in the room, is it? 房间里什么也没有，是吗? 7,The boys and girls have never been to Chongqing, have they? 孩子们从未去过重庆，对吧？ 三．由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。 如：①Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?(不能用is he?) ②The man is dishonest, isn’t he? (不能用is he?) ③It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isn’t it?(不能用is it ?) 四．反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am…时，问句部分习惯上用aren’t I？表示。如： I am a very honest man, aren’t I? 五．反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词及主语与that 从句内的动词和主语保持一致。如： ①I think that he has done his best, hasn’t he? ②We think that English is very useful, isn’t it? (不用don’t we?) 八．反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) don’t think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如： ①I don’t think that you ca n do it, can you? (不用do I?) ②We don’t believe that the news is true, is it? (不用do we?) 九．反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。 如：①They all think that English is very important, don’t they? (不用isn’t it?) ②He didn’t think that the news was true, did he? (不用 wasn’t/ was it?) 十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked……) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如： ①They said that you had finished your work, didn’t they? (不用hadn’t you) ②Kate told you that she would go there, didn’t she? (不用 wouldn’t she?) 十一、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如： ①Something is wrong with the computer, isn’t it? ②Nothing has happened to them, has it? 十二、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he或they，这时问句动词的数应和he 或they一致。如：①Someone has taken the seat, hasn’t he? ③Everyone has done their best in the game, haven’t they? 十三。This is a pen , isn’t it?(不能说isn’t this ?) That is a book,, isn’t it ? (不能说isn’t that ?) These /Those are maps, aren’t they ? (不能说aren’t these /those?) 十四、陈述部分为Let us……时，问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。如：Let us stop to rest, will you? 十五、陈述部分为Let’s……时，问句部分习惯上用shall we? 形式。如：Let’s go home together, shall we? 十六、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式表示请求，用won’t you？形式表示委婉请求或邀请。如： ①Do sit down, won’t you?/ will you? Please open the window, will you?(won’t you?) 十七、陈述部分为否定祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you? 形式。如：Don’t make any noise, will you? 十八、陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here)?形式。如： ①There are two cakes on the plate, aren’t there? ②Here is a story about Mark Twain, isn’t here? 十九、陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时，问句部分用hadn’t +主语？形式。 ①You’d better tell him about the matter, hadn’t you? ②We had better do it by ourselves, hadn’t we? 二十、陈述部分用used to +主语时，问句部分用didn’t + 主语？或usedn’t +主语？形式。如： ①He used to live in the country, didn’t he?/usedn’t he? ②They used to be good friends, didn’t they?/usedn’t they? 二十一、陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式时，问句的主语用it代替。如： ①To do one good deed is easy for a person, isn't it? ②Skating is your favorite sport, isn't it? 二十二。反义疑问句的回答 1.The door is open now, isn’t it ? Yes ,it is. 门现在是开着的，是吗? 是的，是开着的。 2.The girl hasn’t been to Chongqing ,has she ? Yes, she has./ No, she hasn’t. 这个女孩没来过重庆，对吗/是吗? 不，来过。/ 是的，没来过 3.He has little money, _____ _____?他几乎没钱了,对吗? Yes, _______ _________.不，他有钱。 ______,_______ _______ . 是的，他几乎没钱了。