? UNIT 1
? 重点单词和短语
? objective accomplish predict accompany attain
scheme skilled
argue define
? interview prospect
? course of action in the way(by the way, in no way, in a way) make a guess at
contribute to and the like (and so on)
? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to
…
? apply for (to)
? have no idea bring about take the trouble to do
? put oneself in one’s place
? to one’s advantage at a disadvantage ask for in hand turn down
(up, on, off, out, over, back)
? 重点、难点句子详解
? 1.A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of
action that are available.
? 解析：courses of action意思是行动方案、做事步骤；made是过去
分词；from among
为二重介词
? 例：We’ll inform you as soon as tickets become _____. (06-4)
? A. valuable B. capable C. acceptable D. available
(D)
? 2. … some suggest that the management process is decision
making.
? 解析：suggest表示认为、提出、暗示意思，后面不用虚拟语气，表
示建议意思，
后面用虚拟语气。
? 例：It is suggested that the meeting (should) be held (hold)at some other time.
? 3. … decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them.
? 解析：as well as意思是既…又…
? 4. In fact, I did have several questions, but you have already answered them all.
? 解析：助动词do在肯定句中用在动词之前表示强调，意思是确实。? 5. … but do not let it worry you too much.
? 解析：动词let, make, have, hear, see, observe等词之后的宾语补足语为省略to 的
不定式结构。
? 6. There is little likelihood that …
? 对比：There is a/ every/no likelihood that/of
? 例：The two sisters are ___ in many ways, not only in appearance but also in
temperament.(06-4)
? A. like B. likely C. alike D. lively (C)
?
? UNIT2
? 重点单词和短语
? exert collapse shrink basis launch convince operate
revolve glitter unlikely (be likely to) whereas concerned (be concerned about)
plateau
? in theory apply to depend on research into swallow up make use
of together with in every respect in other words consist of a great
many under the circumstances make a difference above all as a rule
? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ? 例：I hope my boy friend will be handsome, strong and ___ kind. (06-4)
? A. above all B. in all C. at all D. after all
(A)
? 重点、难点句子详解
? 1. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable…
? 例：爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的，因此没有绝对的时
间和空间。
(05-4-68)
? 2. It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes.
? 例1：It is on Friday ___ we will hold the meeting.
? A. that B. when C. in that time D. what (A)
? 例2: As a painter, Ted was very ___ about the colors he used. (03-10)
? A. specific B. special C. peculiar D. particular (D)
? 3. The earth is one of mine planets which move in orbit round the sun.
? 对比：The earth is the only one of the nine planets which has life
on it.
? 4. The total water area is about three times as large as the land
area.
? 解析：数词+times + as +形容词+as是表示倍数的表达法。
? 例：It is important to note that a reading of 4 indicates an earthquake ten times as strong
as one with a reading of 3. (unit 6 text B)
? 5. The more we learn about other people, the better we understand their ideas, and, as a
rule, the better we like those people themselves.
? 解析：the+比较级，the+比较级结构，意思是越…越…，第一个从
句中谓语动词不
用倒装，第二个从句谓语动词可以用倒装，也可以用正装语气。
? 例：___ we are, ___ we become.
? A. the oldest; the wiser B. older; wiser
? C. the older, the more wise D. the older; the wiser (D)
? UNIT 3
? 重点单词和短语
? deteriorate debate (on/upon) request ensure oppose(be
opposed to) burden sensitive privilege appoint bias accessible
? recruit
? be affected with carry out in addition to in this case open up
care for take into account have …at heart be sensitive to opt out of
for short amount to
? on (the) average compete with blame sb. for sth. by nature when it
comes to
? be related to be worth doing
?
? 重点、难点句子详解
? 1. It is very easy in society now for the elderly, the disabled and the dependent to feel that
they are burdens.
? 例：It is important ___ there in time.
? A. for you to get B. to you to get C. your getting D. of you
getting (A)
? 2. And it may be worth remembering that …
? 解析：be worth意思是值得，后面接名词、代词以及主动形式的动
名词。
? 3. Many people, though, are totally against the practice of euthanasia.
? 解析：Though是一个起连结性作用的副词，意思相当于however, but.
? 4. “Well, it’s not as if I’m planning to murder a crowd of people with
a machine gun.”
? 解析：As if 引出的从句，谓语动词根据实际情况选择用虚拟语气形
式还是一般陈
述语气。
? 例：It seems as if it were spring now. 使用虚拟语气
?
? UNIT 4
? 重点单词和短语
? domestic exploit campaign execute convict
incidence
deserve
? despite deport minimum maintenance guilt
immigrant
weed deny degrade inhumane civil liberty disaffection argument circus
?
? bring over watch over in unison call up pay back up
to a great
deal of
? be supposed to convict … of feel like protect …from
? risk doing sth.
? deal with according to be deserving of threaten to do sth. agree to do
sth.
? distinguish from react to clean up
? 重点、难点句子详解
? 1. And they can have their passports removed, making leaving
or “escaping” virtually
impossible.
? 解析：making…是分词短语，表示结果，impossible做宾补。removed是过去分词
作宾补，表示有完成和被动的含义。
? 2. It is, they say, the right to change employers which distinguishes employment from
slavery.
? 解析：they say是插入语，本句是一个强调句式，which可以改成that,句子会更正
式。
? 3. Six out of every ten prisoners in chains are black, which is why
the chain gangs call up
images of slavery in centuries gone by.
? 解析：数字+out of every+数字，意思是每…个中就有…个；which引导非限定性
的定语从句修饰前面整个句子;gone by是分词短语修饰centuries表示已经完成。
? 4. What they will do is make prisoners more angry, more hostile…? 解析：what引导的主语从句中带有实义动词do,表语不定式可以带to,也可以省略
to.
?
? UNIT 5
? 重点单词和短语
? folk transformation distinct sentiment originate spontaneous
synthesis
? readily amplifier electronics studio penetrating thereby
participate
? multimedia live inspire invariably improvise constructive
creative
? preliminary painstaking conception temper mold diversified
conventional harmony evident
? take over take on take up take over take place build out of in
existence
? in a sense at a stretch serve as in advance for the sake of be born
? in fashion begin with it goes without saying that
? 重点、难点句子详解
? 1. What happened, as well as it can be put into words, was this.? 解析：第一个as 是副词，第二个as 是连词，well是副词修饰put,注意区别as well
as;
? 例: Those stories, as well as this boring one, have been told almost hundreds of times.
? 2. Electronics did, in fact, make possible sounds that no instrument up to that time could
produce.
? 解析：make是谓语动词，sounds that no instrument up to that time could produce是
宾语，possible是宾补前置了，英语中有时为了句子结构的平衡，可对句子结构进行
调整。
? 3. It is difficult to summarize the composing methods of so diversified a group.
? 解析：so/too+形容词+a/an +名词以及such+a/an+形容词+名词是固定搭配，例如：
He was not so big a fool as he looked.
? 4. The creative act with Palestrina is not thematic conception so much as the personal
treatment of well-established pattern.
? 解析：not …so much as …意思是与其说…不如说…，不像…那么…
? UNIT 6
? 重点单词和短语
? efficiency appliance specific shade prevalent increasingly
switch
? defective spray personnel completion assemble cast reduction
critical
? intensify warning precede speculate partial reliability forecast
decay
? subside analyze shift
? expose sth./sb. to to a degree convert …to/into prevent…from
? in between
? be responsible for in question differ from work on in that ? plenty of
? be capable of too …to be on the alert set up associate
with
? be involved in
? 重点、难点句子详解
? 1. Thus, people who need to exert much energy in their work will
find relaxation most
desirable in leisure.
? 解析：exert oneself to do sth.意思是努力做某事；find+宾语+补语（adj, -ing, -ed, 不
定式，介词短语）。
? 2. Hence, it can be argued that the people with whom we come into contact in these
various contexts are…
? 解析：It can be argued that…是以it作形式主语的被动语态结构，
类似的还有：It is
said that, It is believed that, It is reported that, It is thought that;
with whom …是介词+关
系代词的限定性定语从句，修饰people. Come into contact with与…接
触
? 3.It is not how much time you allocate for study that counts
but how much you learn
when you do study.
? 解析：这是一个强调句式，被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语、状语
以及从句，可
用that,which,who 引导。
? 4.This will not only keep the study habit alive but also keep you up
to date on your class
assignments and projects.
? 解析：keep +宾语+adj.意思是使…保持某种状态；up to date意思
是最新的，切合
目前情况的。
?
? UNIT 8
? 重点单词和短语
? internal external overcome destination reset neutral feasible
proceeding
? alarm promote interact fade duration moderate distraction
exceptional
? remedy productivity appreciate mislead typical
? effect on blame sth. on sb.= blame sb. for sth. as fresh as
paint now that
? leave alone out of step in time a short cut come across due to attend
to
? fall apart be true of lack of at hand at once play a role in be faced with
? account for to date= so far = up to now
? 重点、难点句子详解
? 1. Confused? So was John Foster Dulles, the American Secretary of State.
? 解析：confused是are you confused?的省略句；当以So开头表示与
前边情况类似
的句子时，要用倒装语序。例如：My brother can speak French, so
can my sister.
? 2. It is not feasible to wait four days until the body is used to the new time zone.
? 解析：it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式结构，until 与not 连
用，翻译为直到…
才，例如：Don’t open the door until the train stops.
? 3. There is evidence , of course, that motivation plays an important role in overcoming the
effects of distractors and that there are considerable differences in …? 解析：两个that引导的同位语从句，说明evidence;
? UNIT 9
? 重点单词和短语
? dependency upwards liability revision lengthen alter proportion
appreciation acknowledge neglect esteem handle appropriate
withdraw
? worthless
? approximate to be classified as rather than in one’s thirties in terms of
? take advantage of cope with no other …than look down on view as
? exchange …for
? 例：It would be better to make a decision now, ___ leave it until next week. (06-4)
? A. other than B. rather than C. less than D. more than B
? 重点、难点句子详解
? 1. …because lots of dependent babies are more of a liability than numbers of the inactive
aged.
? 解析：be+of+名词,表示具有与该名词同源的形容词的性质。例: The girl is of
beauty.= The girl is beautiful. A number of = numbers of表示一些、若干，谓语动词用
复数the number of表示…的数目，谓语动词用单数。
? 2. There is often resistance to the idea that it is because the birthrate fell earlier in Western
and Northwestern Europe than elsewhere, rather than because of any change in the death
rate, that we have grown so old.
? 解析：the idea后的that 引导同位语从句，同位语从句部分是一个it is …that …结
构的强调句型，强调部分是原因状语从句；rather than意思是“而不是”。
? 3. Children need help understanding that their self-esteem and the self-esteem of those
they interact with have a direct effect on each other.
? 解析：that引导的宾语从句，包含一个省略that的定语从句，they interact with修
饰those; have an effect on/upon …对…有影响。
? UNIT10
? 重点单词和短语
? strategy representative democratic nominee certainty decline
congress
? loyalty provision election stir pursue dominate competitor
opposition
? nominate collectively automatically contest assault
? stand no chance of identify…as impact on either…or … draw away from
? focus on lose sth. to sb. in number break up in the running in /out of
power
? in favor of come into power carry on a number of as a consequence of
? as a result of break down
? 重点、难点句子详解
? 1. Although presidential elections occur every 4 years.
? 解析：occur意思是发生，occur to 被想起，例如：An idea has occurred to me.
? 2. In deciding whether to pursue a course of action, they try to estimate its likely impact
on the voters.
? 解析：course of action 意思是行动方案；
? 3. The advantage of the second party over the third is so great that it is the only party that
is likely to be able to overturn the party in power.
? 解析：have an advantage over … 优于；so …that 如此…以至于引导结果状语从句，
that 引导的状语从句中，包含一个that引导的定语从句。
? 4. Usually the small parties collectively poll less than 5 per cent of the vote cast in
national election.
? 解析：cast是过去分词。
? UNIT 11
? 重点单词和短语
? disorder irrelevant misleading simulate replace undergo negative
remark
? relief deprive prevail delightful literal nevertheless touching
contented
? imperative devotion refine
? do research into aim for take…for granted feel bitter at sacrifice to be
central to
? do experiment on be irrelevant to bring out goings and comings at ease
plea for
? not(never) for a moment catch/seize hold of
? 例：你所说的与我们正在讨论的毫不相干。（06-4）
? 重点、难点句子详解
? 1. The famous example of thalidomide is a case for more animal testing, not less.
? 解析：for意思是in favor of; support; case 案例、病例、实例
? 例：Doctors believe that bad nerves are the cause of sleeplessness in ninety-nine ___ out
of a hundred.
? A. examples B. events C. instances D. cases (D)? 2. When it comes to research into heart disease and its effects on the body, or disease of
the brain for example, we do not have adequate substitutes for the use of animals.
? 解析：when it comes to是一个固定句型，意思是当谈到…的时候；substitute for
意思是代替、替换，for 后面是被替换的对象；例如：Honey can substitute for sugar.
? 3. Many other new techniques are now available that enable more research to be done in
the test tube…
? 解析：that 引导的是定语从句，修饰techniques; available 意思是可以应用、使用。
? UNIT 12
? 重点单词和短语
? symptom intellectual detail enhance initial confront sensitivity
surrounding character modest miserable administration respectively
volunteer identity primarily psychology undertake gamble ? be contrary to put off be confronted with draw on dream of at sea
impress on
? in reality let go of gaze on be aware of in one’s mind’s eye go over
free from
? put aside=set aside be beneficial to add up to at one’s best influence on in
turn
? in general make a difference
? 例：1. With all this done, I have been freed (free) from all troubles and responsibilities.
(05-4)
? 2. Although she is very busy, Mum ___ some time every day to
read to us.
? A. sets off B. sets for C. sets aside D. sets up C
? 重点、难点句子详解
? 1. Not only are they less able to deal with the pressure of day-to-day existence, but also…
? 解析：not only放在句首，后面的谓语动词采取倒装形式。
? 2. In another experiment at Yale University, Dr. Jerome found that daydreaming resulted
in improved self-control and enhanced creative thinking ability.
? 解析：improved, enhanced都是过去分词做定语，修饰后面的名词
词组；result in 意
思是导致、结果是。
? 3. “you can relate this to wakening psychology, where being alone leads to more
unhappiness.”
? 解析：where翻译成在刚睡醒的状态下，引导定语从句修饰wakening psychology.
? UNIT 13
? 重点单词和短语
? compel voluntary coincide with eliminate subtle outrage tighten
excessive competition encounter series assembly disapproval response
? at a guess go in for expect to do so far as sb. knows attitude towards take
it easy
? on and off put an end to expect sth. of sb. in return have
an edge on/over
? so long as apply oneself to at present on occasion sit down on in vain
? with a view to
? 重点、难点句子详解
? 1. because they can put their aggression into their work, be it physical like the work of a
smith, or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist.
? 解析：be it…or…意思就是whether it is …or …,就是一个让步状语从句，省略引导
词, be提前；参见教材166页，注释3。
? 2. Since the bosses cannot do without profit, workers have an edge.? 解析：do without没有也行；have an edge有优势。
? 3. Most people not directly engaged in daily work express disapproval when they hear of
people working on and off.
? 解析：engaged in是过去分词短语，修饰people.
? UNIT 14
? 重点单词和短语
? device capture belonging convince suspect profound wrath
restriction
? illegal ban suicide indication eruption extent queue flee pledge
rejection
? inflict
? to no avail comment on convince sb. to do sth. deny sth. to sb. commit
suicide
? cut off
? 重点、难点句子详解
? 1. That’s where her path crossed that of Michael LaSane, who,
police say, wanted just
such a car to celebrate his 17th birthday.
? 解析：where引导的是表语从句，cross one’s path意思是与某人相遇； that代指
path.
? 2. He will not make a ___ on LaSane’s side of the conversation.
(03-10)
? A. statement B. reference C. comment D. note ?
? 3. And it is this that inflicts the true terrible wound on South African society.
? 解析：这是一个强调句式，inflict sth. on sb. 使某人遭受打击、惩罚。
? 4. The tensions are real, the threat of a violent eruption constant.? 解析：the threat of a violent eruption后面省略了谓语动词is。
? UNIT 15
? 重点单词和短语
? sensible persist profusion logic evaluate ultimate obscure concrete
conquer prolong proof possess expansion secondary promotion
diploma
? award sociology establishment journalism diversity economics
? pull down mistake for come to terms with end in reflect on come about
? enable to do respect for make over speculate on on the contrary as for/to
? demand for go to law against go along with
? 重点、难点句子详解
? 1. Facts are terrible things if left spreading and unexamined.
? 解析：if从句后面省略了they are.
? 2. It could obscure man’s awareness of the need to come to terms with himself.
? 解析：come to terms with习惯于、满足于
? 3. And it requires something far scarcer than money…
? 解析：far修饰比较级，much, a lot, a little, even, still后面都可以修饰比较级。
? I. Vocabulary and Structure
? 题型概述：
? 10题，10分，考察词汇、语法的灵活使用。
? 考查的知识点：
? 大纲所要求的词汇、语法，重点考查其在实际句子中的灵活应用。? 出题来源：
? 以课本课文为主，尤其是下半年考题。
? 复习重点：
? 背诵生词词组，复习语法，熟悉课文，同时做课后练习。
? 答题方法：
? 从三个方面考虑答题：语义线、语法线、结构线，三线合一选择出最佳答案。
? 答题时间：
? 15分钟
? II. Cloze
? 题型概述：
? 完形填空是测试语言知识的有效手段，试题为一篇200-250词长度的文章，其中
留出10个空格，要求考生从短文后面所附的选择项中选出最佳答案填入空格中，使
短文意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。
? 考查的知识点：
? 本题考查的重点为语法,一些常用词和惯用词的搭配使用、固定用法。以及阅读
理解能力。
? 出题来源：
? 选自教材以外。
? 复习重点：
? 1）明确考查的目标； 2）把握文章大意；
? 3）注意句子的语法结构；4）认真对比备选答案
? 答题方法：
? 1）瞻前顾后，注意文章的连贯,理解透彻掌握大意、观点；2）圈点标注；3）
分析句子结构；4）对比答案
? 答题时间：
? 15-20分钟
? III. Reading comprehension
? 题型概述：
? 英语二的阅读理解部分属于综合能力考查题目，要求考生掌握基本阅读技能，能正确理解语言难度略低于课文内容，生词不超过3%的一般题材的文章，共3篇，15题，30分。
? 考查的知识点：
? 词汇、语法，考查逻辑分析能力、记忆信息的能力，语言的使用能力，洞察力、领悟力。
? 出题来源：
? 体裁以议论、说明为主；题材主要是文化、教育、习俗、历史，甚至家庭的一些东西以及科普知识，绝对不会考一些特别专业的天文地理知识。
? 复习重点：
? 1）读懂长句；2）读懂细节并短时记忆；3）理解把握住作者的观点、文章大意；
2011年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷 I. Vocabulary and. Structure (10 points, 1 point each) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1 .Students should_____their own interests as well as do their schoolwork. A. persuade B .pursue C. persist 2. I'd like to remind you that there is no_____on the part of suspects to answer questions. A. obligation 3. He blamed his poor performance_____jet lag. B .for 4 .We_____knowledge from our families,schools,jobs,and the mass media. 5. Not until recently_____that Thompson had ben telling the truth all along. realized I realize did realize I 6. I don’t need any help at the moment,but I_____your offer. 7 .The sad condition of women working as house servants around the world received much media_____early this year. A .importance B. attention 8 .She has no hostility to us, _____can be judged from her eyes. A. that 9 .When you're_____ a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone. through in for after over on whether the message is right or wrong should at least come after _____what the message is. out out out out II. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 People in all parts of the world are observing "No Tobacco Day". It is the day 11 the World Health Organization (WHO) appeals to people to stop using tobacco products. WHO hopes if people stop smoking cigarettes or 12 tobacco for one day, they will stop permanently. Health experts have warned for years that smoking can lead to heart disease, cancer and other 13 ．WHO says diseases linked to smoking kill 14 2,500,000 persons each year. Still, many people find it 15 stopping smoking. One reason is nicotine, a substance found in cigarettes. Nicotine is a drug. Its effects are 16 those of cocaine and heroin. "No Tobacco Day" is intended for smokers and 17 who earn money from tobacco sales. So businesses are urged to stop selling tobacco products for twenty-four hours. 18 are urged not to carry advertisements for cigarettes. WHO has approved plans to help reach its 19 of a "smoke-free" world. They urge governments to take action to help 20 make money by growing other crops. They also call for improved public information campaigns about the risks of smoking. 11. A. whether B. which C. when D. what
Unit 2 Text A salesgirl n.女售货员 couple n.几个，一对 glance vi.看一下瞥一眼He glanced nervously at his watch when he was waiting for the bus. uncomfortable a.不舒服的，不自在的 behave vi 举止 desire vt.想望, 期望, 希望, 请求(官方丈礼)n.愿望, 心愿, 要求v.要求 They showed a desire to improve relations. She desires that he (should) do it at once. distant a.在远处的，疏远的 outsider n.外人，局外人，门外汉 feature n.特征，特色 mark n.标志, 分数, 痕迹, 记号 You’d better make some marks while reading. vt.做标记于, 打分数, 标志vi.作记号 Please mark all of the large cities on this map. adapt vt.使适应, 改编 Can you adapt your way of thinking to the new life-style? adopt vt.采用, 收养 They were trying to persuade the UN to adopt an aggressivenly anti-American resolution. accent n.重音, 口音, 重音符
完整版讲义---华夏大地自考高伟老师主讲，真的很MAN！！ 第一单元知识点的回顾 Text A 1.choose----choice：词型转换经常考，同时注意该词的过去式和过去完成式。 2.★available:这个词考的频率很高。换句话说，如果在答案中出现了该词， 从词义上应该给予其优先考虑。这个词出现的句子中经常会同时出现ticket, food, book等。 3.decide----decision，注意词性上的变化。 4.purpose:这个词一旦出现，它既可以考本词的意思，也可以考后面的谓语 动词的形式，记住：凡是出现purpose, aim, objective, plan，dream, goal等 有含有目的性的词，后面的谓语动词一定是to do的形式，同时关注这些 词是否为复数形式，如果是，谓语动词一定是复数的。 5.achieve----achievement，注意词型上转换。 6.★in the way:妨碍，挡路，阻碍。区别in a way：从某种程度上。★on the way (to)在去…路上(★on the way home)和by the way：顺便说一句。 7.★★involve----involve ment(in)：注意词型转换，词义及介词搭配。 8.★consider----consideration。注意词型上的转换，同时牢记take into consideration(account)，如果单独考本词，后面的动词一定是+ing形式(动名词)，但注意主动和被动含义上的区别。 9.make a guess at:注意固定习语的搭配。 10.certain----certainly----★certainty----★★uncertainty：注意词性和词义上 的转换。 11.risk:注意后面接ing的动名词形式。 12. sometimes…;at other times…:注意前后句型上的搭配，很有可能在完型里 考。 13.range：这个词应该注意经常考的方式，range from…to…，句子中经常会 出现price,或地点等波及到范围上的词汇。 14.a number of/the number of：注意区别后面的谓语动词的单、复数。 15.★(be)based on/upon：注意搭配，完型常考。 16.therefore：学会so的另一种表达方式，说明结果，完型常考(=consequently， 本词还需要注意词型转换consequent/consequence)。 17.treat:注意搭配及同义词组，treat…as, see…as,view…as;另外treat the problem=deal with=cope with。
重点单词扩充讲解： 1. organizational: a 组织上的 由此我们可以联想到：organize: v 组织；organization: n 组织；organizer: n 组织者 请看下列习题，选择该组词里恰当的词填空： 1). Last week, our school __organized_____ a spring outing. 2). The task calls for the highest _organizational_ skill. 3). China has joined World Trade _organization_________. 4). He is the ____organizer______ of the speech contest. Answers: organized, organizational, Organization, organizer 2. objective: n 目标； a 客观的，反义词subjective: 主观的 3. predict: v 预言、预示； 由此我们可以联想到：prediction: n 预言；predictable: a 可预测的；predictor: n 预言家 4. simplify: v 简化 由此我们可以联想到：simple: a 简单的；simply: ad 简单地，仅仅地；simplification: n 简化；simplified: a 被简
Exercises for the above words: 1). The machine is simple_____ in operation but complex in structure. 2). Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the original is beyond our capacity while __simplified__ edition is quite easy. 3). There is no point in arguing about it, becau se it is __simply_____ a question of procedure. 4). The _simplification_____ of working process freed the workers fro heavy labor. Answers: simple; simplified; simply; simplification 5. tendency: n 趋势、倾向；tend : v 倾向于…，tend to do sth e.g. old people have the tendency of getting fatter. Or old people tend to get fatter. 6. managerial: a 经理的、经营上的； 由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营；management: n; manager: n 经营者，管理者；manageable: a 可管理的、可经营的。 7. argue: v 争辩、争论，常用固定搭配：argu with sb about/over sth由于某事而同某人争论；argue sb into doing sth说服某人做某事；argue sb out of doing sth说服某人不
2005年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷及答案 （课程代码：00015） PART ONE （50 POINTS） Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1.Would’t you rather your child ______ successful with his study and won the scholarship? A. became B. become C. would become D. becomes 2. Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement, he wonders _______will happen to his family life. A. it B. that C. what D. this 3. We hope that all the measures against sandstorms, ________ was put forward by the committee, will be considered seriously at the meeting . A. while B. after C. since D. as 4. We cannot leave this tough job to a person_________. A. who nobody has confidence B. in whom nobody has confidence C. for whom nobody has confidence D. who everyone has confidence of 5. You are the best for the job _____ you apply your mind to it . A. until B. if only C. in case D. unless 6.Hey, leave _____!I hate people touching my hair. A. behind B. out C. off D. over 7.I thought the problem of water shortage would ________ at the meeting but nobody mentioned it. A. come up B. come up to C. come over D. come to 8.Mr.Smith , can I ________ you for a minute? I’d like to hear your opinion on this issue. A. say a word with B. have words with C. mention a word with D. have a word with 9.There is a deadlock (僵局) in the discussion when neither side gives ________ to the over . A. a way B. way C. the way D. its way 10. This type of desk and chair can be adjusted ________ the height of students at different ages. A. with B. for C. to D. in Ⅱ.Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item) 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 For over a hundred years Japan has consistently spent large sums of money and considerable human resources in an effort to obtain technology. Her ability to negotiate __11___ by the fact most of the technology she wanted was no commercial secrets. Japan’s __12__ has also been strengthened by the fact that her internal market was large, so that __13__ to this market could be offered to multinational companies as an attraction to them to grant licenses. Besides, Japan’s work force was disciplined, so it was capable __14__ applying the information it acquired. Finally, American and European companies, who were __15__ licensers, felt that the
Unit 2 Mistakes to Success I. New words and expressions New words 1. spill v.（使）洒出，泼出，溢出 2. respond v. 作出反应；响应 respond to… response 3. interview v. （媒体）采访，访问 4. creative adj. 创作的 5. occur v. 发生；出现 It occurred to me that… 6. remove v. 拿开；去掉 7. refrigerator n. 冰箱 8. grip n. 紧握；紧抓 9. slippery adj. 滑的；滑得抓不住（或站不稳、难以行走） 10. content n. 所容纳之物；所含之物 11. veritable adj. 十足的；名副其实的；不折不扣的 12. yell v. 叫喊；大喊；吼叫 13. lecture n.（冗长的）教训，训斥，谴责 14. mess n. 肮脏；杂乱；不整洁 15. rarely adv. 罕有；很少；不常 rare animals / stamps Rarely is he late for class. 16. puddle n. 水洼；小水坑 17. eventually 最后；终于 18. restore v. 使复原；使复位；使复职 19. sponge n. 海绵块 20. effectively adv. 有效地 effective ineffective 注意区分：effective / efficient 21. tiny adj. 极小的；微小的 22. discover v. 了解到；认识到；查明 discovery 23. grasp v. 抓紧；抓牢 24. lip n.（容器或凹陷地方的)边，边沿
Unit 3 Friendship and Loyalty I. New words and expressions New words 1. reflection n. （关于某主题的）思考，回忆 2. loyalty n. 忠诚；忠实；忠心耿耿 3. recognize v. 承认；意识到 4. betray v. 辜负；对…不忠 5. indeed adv. 其实；实际上 6. virtue n. 高尚的道德；正直的品性；德行 7. trend n. 趋势；趋向；倾向；动态；动向 8. befriend v. 做（尤指需要帮助者的）朋友；友善相待 9. request v. （礼貌或正式地）请求，要求 10. trendy adj. 时髦的；赶时髦的 11. multitude n. 众多；大量 12. mutual adj. 共有的；共同的 mutual respect / understanding 辨析：mutual / manual / manure / mature / menu / mental 13. term n. 词语；术语：措辞 14. site n. 网站；站点 15. acronym n. 首字母缩略词
16. perish v. 丧失；湮灭；毁灭 17. thought n. 想法；看法；主意；记忆 18. gossip n. 流言蜚语 19. challenge v. 考查…的能力；考验…的技巧 20. akin adj. 相似的；类似的 21. deposit n. 存款 22. account n. 账户 accountant current account deposit account 23. interest n. 利息 24. well-being n. 健康；安乐；康乐 25. welfare n. （个体或群体的）幸福，安全与健康 26. essence n. 本质；实质；精髓 27. seek v. 寻找 28. notoriety n. 恶名；坏名声 notorious 相当于infamous 29. premise n. 前提；假定； 30. exploit v. 利用（…为自己谋利） 31. reconnect v. 再联系；再联络 32. virtual adj. （通过计算机软件，如在因特网上）模拟的，虚拟的 33. assure v. 使确信；向…保证
自考“英语（二）”复习资料 第一单元 1.常考单词： goal，objective，accomplish，predict，accompany，implement，tendency，achievement，argue，budget，define，entity 2. 常考词组： in the way，in part，point of view，contribute to，to apply for，in hand，to turn down 3. 常考句子： 1）A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. 2）Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance. 3）If there is no choice，there is no decision to be made. 4）For managers every decision has constraints based on politics，procedures，laws，precedents and the like. 5）For example，managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion. 6）Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is best - that is，which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals. 7）In the larger scheme of things，however，increased funding for research to improve the products might be more beneficial to the organization. 8）Some of these objectives are more important than others，but the order and degree of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department. 第二单元 1.常考单词： escape，explode，collapse，shrink，gravity，measurement，basis，launch，convincing，companion，speculation，swallow，operate，to make use of，a great many，above all 2. 常考句子： 1）Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape. 2）The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point. 3）Some people think that the Start of Bethlehem could have been a supernova. 4）If a man fell into a black hole，he would think that he reached the center of it very quickly. 5）It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes. 6）On the other hand，scientists have suggested that every advanced technology could one day make use of the energy of black holes for mankind. 第三单元 1.常考单词： weaken deteriorate debate legal request criterion ensure oppose tradition consideration disabled burden vulnerable prohibition sensitive 2. 常考词组： to debate on to make request for be opposed to to take … into account 3. 常考句子： 1）Affected with a serious disease，van Wendal was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating. 2）Van Wendel's last three months of life before being given a final，lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands. 3）The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown，it starts a nationwide debate on the subject. 4）What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven't the right. 第四单元 1.常考单词： demestic statistics diplomat exploit campaign execute convict despite de serving shelf minimum status deport 2. 常考句子： 1）There are estimated to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain. 2）Of these 20，000，just under 2，000 are being exploited and abused by their employers. 3）The sad condition of women working as domestics around the world received much media attention earlier this year in several highly publicized cases. 4）A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder，despite protests form various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established. 5）She used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka. 6）Because she found it difficult to feed her four children，she accepted a job working as a domestic in London. 7）So if they do complain，they risk being deported. 第五单元 1.常考单词： Musician，rhythmic，distinct， consciousness，originate，readily， instrument，electronic，thereby， passive，participant 2. 常考词组： to take place to take over to take on in a sense at a stretch to serve as in advance for the sake of 3. 常考句子： 1）The new music was built out of materials already in existence. 2）Folk music，old and modern， was popular among college students. 3）They freely took over elements form jazz，from American country music. 4）With records at home， listeners imitated these lighting effects as best they could. 第六单元 1.常考单词： efficiency increasingly inst all personnel expose reduc tion completion specific s witch critical intensity s cale defective 2. 常考词组： in that in question plenty of 3. 常考句子： 1）Most of today's robots are employed in the automotive industry，where they are programmed to take over such jobs as welding and spray painting automobile and truck bodies. 2）Robots，already taking over human tasks in the automotive field are beginning to be seen，although
2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）标准试题 (课程代码：00015) 第一部分：阅读判断题(每题1分，共10分) 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供 的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。 Running: Sport or Way of Life? You go through the channels several times and find that once again there's nothing on TV that interests you. Not a problem! Just put on some running shoes and comfortable clothes and go for a run. One of the best things about the sport of running is that you don't need expensive equipment. All you need is a good pair of running shoes and a safe environment. But don't be fooled into thinking the sport of running is easy It requires discipline and concentration. Running is good for you both physically and mentally. It strengthens your heart lungs and muscles? It makes you more aware of your body. Running also improves your body so that you don't get sick as easily. It can even help you to stay more focused in school because exercise helps you to think more clearly. How do you get engaged in the sport if you don't know much about it? Most schools offer running programs. A simple internet search can help some in your find area. Then programs show you how running can offer competition or just be for fun. They also teach runners to set practical goals and take care of their bodies. Runners have great respect for each other because they know how difficult the sport can be. If you go to a race you'll see people cheering for all the runners. Running isn't always about how fast you are or how far you're going. It's about getting out there and doing it. Participation is more important than competition and effort is recognized over talent. If you're looking for more than just a sport running may be the perfect choice for you 1. You may find it interesting in go for A run. A. True B. False C. Not Given 2. The sport of running is easy. A True B. False C. Not Given 3. It is hard to End n safe environment for running.
Unit 9 Facing Life’s Challenges I. New words and expressions New words 1. hurdle n. hurdles [pl.]跨栏赛；栏架，跨栏；难关，障碍 2. negative n. 否定词；否定；拒绝 adj. 坏的；有害的 3. despair v. 绝望；失去希望；丧失信心 4. petty adj. 小的：琐碎的；次要的 5. individual adj. 一个人的；供一个人用的 6. lane n. （比赛的）跑道，泳道 7. spot n. 地点；场所；处所 8. symbolize v. 象征；是…的象征；代表 symbol -ize常用的动词后缀：modernize, globalize, economize 9. incredibly adv. 极端地；极其 credible 可靠的，可信的 credibly 变副词时需省略-e的形容词有simple, true, credible, believable simply, truly, (in)credibly, (un)believably 10. positive adj. 良好的；正面的 11. tough adj. 艰苦的；艰难的；棘手的 12. arise v. 发生；产生；出现 arise from sth. 区分：arouse / arise arouse one's anger / respect / sympathy 13. lost adj. 不知所措的；一筹莫展的 14. leap v. 跳跃 15. yard n. 码 16. inch n. 英寸 17. cinch n. 很容易的事；小莱 Phrases and Expressions 1. line up 排成一行；站队；排队（等侯） 2. end up最终成为；最后处于 end up (in) doing sth. end up begging / being arrested end up as a beggar / prisoner / millionaire
? UNIT 1 ? 重点单词和短语 ? objective accomplish predict accompany attain scheme skilled argue define ? interview prospect ? course of action in the way(by the way, in no way, in a way) make a guess at contribute to and the like (and so on) ? seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … ? apply for (to) ? have no idea bring about take the trouble to do ? put oneself in one’s place ? to one’s advantage at a disadvantage ask for in hand turn down (up, on, off, out, over, back) ? 重点、难点句子详解 ? 1.A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. ? 解析：courses of action意思是行动方案、做事步骤；made是过去 分词；from among 为二重介词 ? 例：We’ll inform you as soon as tickets become _____. (06-4) ? A. valuable B. capable C. acceptable D. available (D) ? 2. … some suggest that the management process is decision making. ? 解析：suggest表示认为、提出、暗示意思，后面不用虚拟语气，表
2019年10月髙等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二）试卷（课程代码：00015） 本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。 考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。 必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。 第一部分：阅读判断（第1?10题，每题1分，共10分） 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 To Lease(租赁) or Not to Lease Planning to lease a car because you don't think you can afford to buy? Think again. Leasing can end up being just as expensive as buying. Most people think about leasing because they believe it will cost them less money. They're right-it is cheaper, but only in the short term. For example, if you were to lease anew Subaru Forester, you might pay $300 per month for the car. If you were to buy the same car, you would pay about $400 per month. Over a three-year, you would save $3600-a big savings. But after your lease is over, you have to give the car back. Many people want to lease because they can drive a more expensive car than they might otherwise be able to afford. For example, if you spend $300 monthly on a car, you might be able to lease a new Ford Explorer. For the same price, you might have to buy a used Explorer, or buy a new but much less expensive model. A lease，therefore，allows you to drive the latest models of more expensive cars. However, whatever car you can afford to buy you get to keep it, and it will always have a resell or trade-in(以新旧换)value if you want to upgrade to a new car later. Furthermore, people who lease cars are often shocked by how much they must pay when the lease is over . Most leases limit you to a certain number of miles. If you go over that, you must pay for each mile. As a result, you may end up paying thousands of dollars in mileage(里程) fees. In addition, when you lease ,you have to