Summary Writing
常见的同义替换：
1. 动词(词组)：
absorb->assimilate 吸收
agree partly->agree with reserve 有保留地赞同
arouse->ignite/stimulate/spur/motivate 引起；鼓励
change->alter 改变
consider->take into account 考虑
devote to->dedicate to 把……奉献于；专注于
emphasize->accentuate 强调
expect->anticipate 期望；预期
explain->interpret/illustrate 解释；说明
get into chaos->with chaos ensuing 陷入混乱
join->participate 参加；参与
lead to->contribute to/ conduce to/result in 导致；产生…… 结果limit->stress/hinder/hamper 限制阻止；阻碍
operate->manipulate 操作；操纵
provide->lend->offer 提供；给予
publicize->propagandize 宣传；公布
sway->vacillate 影响；摇摆，使摇摆
think->contemplate/muse/meditate/retrospect 思考；考虑；想起thrive->palmy(a.)/flourishing(v./a.)/prosperity(n.)
undermine->debilitate 破坏；使衰弱，衰竭
use->employ/utilize 使用；利用
want->intend to/tend to/be inclined to 希望；倾向于
want to->desire 想要
2. 形容词/副词：
first->primarily 首先(ad.)
hardly->merely->barely 几乎不(ad.)
hurt->vulnerable 受伤；易受攻击
inevitable-indispensable 必然；不可缺少
in fact->actually/virtually 事实上；实际上(ad.)
key->crucial/vital/consequential 关键；重要
large->miraculous/marvelous 大；不可思议(表程度)
maybe->probably 也许；大概(ad.)
more and more->increasing/growing 越来越多
obvious->conspicuous 明显；显著
old->ancient 老；古老
proper->apposite 适当；合适
persuasive->thorough/sound/specific/convincing 有说服力
true->accurate 正确；准确
vague->unwarranted/oversimplified 模糊
well-known->outstanding 著名
more often than not = often
He more often than not comes here.
3. 名词(词组)：
bias->prejudice/discriminate 偏见；歧视
big city->metropolis 大都市
chance->alternative 机会；选择
character->trait/individuality/personality 品质；特性；个性
child->juvenile 孩子；青少年
clash->conflict/collision冲突
custom->convention/tradition 传统；习俗
delegate->representative 代表
detail->specific 细节
lawmaking->legislation 立法
offspring->descendant 后代；子孙
value->merit 价值
附：
1. purchasing power of incomes
Maximize their incomes = increase the purchasing power of incomes
2.property = real estate
3.precision = accuracy
4. Thinking ability = critical thinking =creative= innovation
5. reasoning = logical thought =thought
6. popular culture= common culture
7. cultural power= assimilating power
10. judge = Justice （必考含义）“法官”
11. apprehension （必考含义）= worry
apprehensiveability 理解能力
12. mind = people= individual
13. faith=confidence 信心
14. drug= medicine
15. dismiss 斥责= rebuke=criticize
16. tap 开发tap the market = explore the market = expand the market
18. entail =make= cause
19. nature；nurture/ born；made /inherited；acquired/（先天和后天）innate cognitive/intuitive made/born
20. attribute= character=trait=merit=feature=virtue 特点；特质
21. complementary=auxiliary
22. suits = enable = entail（This job entails a lot of hard work.）
24. mechanical = unchanged
mechanical learning
Dynamic=changeable=variable；vary
Modify=change
25.distinction= fame
26. implication；connotation；suggestion；reference；
carry important implications for（短语动词）
27. accumulation = expansion = augmentation
28.literally = actually=absolutely
29. initiatives=measures
Initiatives =intention
Initiative =active
Initiative=primitive=beginning
30.endeavors=efforts
31.Doubt= deny= don‘t believe
33. 经济下滑，衰退
slowing economy/softening economy/stagnant economy/economic recession/economic decline
/economic stagnation （stagnant）/depression/slowdown
34.symptoms =negative example
35.frames = body
36.grasp = understanding
37.reshape= remold
38.entitle :we are entitled to some privileges./Some privileges are given to us ./Some privileges are conferred on us.
4. 其他：
although->albeit/notwithstanding 尽管(conj.)
because->in that->since->seeing 因为(conj.)
but->nonetheless/nevertheless 然而；但是(conj.)
through->in term of/via 通过(prep.)
to sum->to summarize/in conclusion 总之；最后
表示“地位” ：status, rank
表示“偏见” ：bias, prejudice, discrimination, inequality
表示“组成” 同义表达：constitute, be made from/of, include, consist of
表示“导致” ：result in, cause, lead to
表示“发行”：issue, release, distribute, launch
表示“授予” ：grant, award
表示“结果” ：result, consequent, outcome, turn out to
表示“交易” ：deal, trade, exchange, transaction
表示“能力” ：ability, capability, potential, power
表示“结束” ：fulfill, finish, accomplish, carryout, achieve, complete
表示“语言” ：verbally, language, words, lingual
表示“精确” ：accuracy, precision
表示“以前” ：previous, former, latter, prior to
表示“加强，促进” ：promote, facilitate, enhance, reinforce
表示“前景，未来”：prospect, future, expectation, outlook
表示“顾客” ：customer, client, consumer, guest
表示“暂停、延期” ：suspend, phase back, put off, stop, postpone, delayed
表示“信息” ：information, message, data, figure, statistics
表示“公司” ：enterprise, firm, company, corporation
表示“故意” ：deliberately, intentionally, purposely, on/in purpose
表示“冷漠” ：indifferent, neutral, carefree, detached(超然)
表示“抱怨” ：complain, moan, groan
表示“吸引” ：appeal, attract, fascinate, tempt, absorb
表示“赶上” ：catch up with, keep up with
表示“对手” ：rival, equal, comparative, competitor, opponent, adversary, enemy
表示“谨慎” ：prudent, cautious
表示“有利” ：be beneficial to, be useful to
Skills:
同义替换法/词性转换法/语态改变法/句式转换法/压缩长句法
分析：
Recently, a wild fish restaurant was ordered to shut down in Harbin, northeast China's Heilongjiang Province. As a result, the owner of the restaurant faced a fine of 500,000 yuan.
Chen Yan, a tourist from Changzhou, east China's Jiangsu Province, complained online on February 12 that he was being overcharged 10,000 yuan for three big fish at a local wild fish restaurant in Songbei District of Harbin. Worse still, he claimed that his family members were beaten and threatened by the restaurant staff when he questioned the bill at the checkout.
Chen's complaint immediately spread on China's social media. The investigation results by some local government departments showed that the restaurant had no fault, since they had already tagged the price, which raised doubt among netizens again.
Further investigation showed that one type of the fish served, Huso, was not the real wild species, but a kind of farmed fish at a much lower price. Since the prices of the fish did have violated the rights of consumers, the restaurant got its due punishment. Meanwhile, relevant government departments that have stood by the side of the restaurant in the first place would also be investigated and punished.
Similar cases of fraudulent pricing at scenic spots have also been reported elsewhere in China. In October 2015, for instance, a tourist was overcharged for a course of shrimp in the coastal city of Qingdao, east China's Shandong Province, when the restaurant claimed the quoted price of 38 yuan was not for the dish, but for each shrimp! Authorities say that these illegal actions will be severely punished.
Your Answer:
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ 1.Recently, a wild fish restaurant was ordered to shut down in Harbin and faced a heavy fine.
____________________________________________________________________________.
2.Chen Yan complained he was being overcharged and were beaten and threatened by the restaurant staff. Chen's complaint immediately spread on China's social media.
_______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________.
3.The restaurant got its due punishment and relevant government departments would also be investigated and punished.
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.Similar cases have also been reported elsewhere and authorities say that these illegal actions will be severely punished.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Summary Writing
常见的同义替换：
1. 动词(词组)：
absorb->assimilate 吸收
agree partly->agree with reserve 有保留地赞同
arouse->ignite/stimulate/spur/motivate 引起；鼓励
change->alter 改变
consider->take into account 考虑
devote to->dedicate to 把……奉献于；专注于
emphasize->accentuate 强调
expect->anticipate 期望；预期
explain->interpret/illustrate 解释；说明
get into chaos->with chaos ensuing 陷入混乱
join->participate 参加；参与
lead to->contribute to/ conduce to/result in 导致；产生…… 结果limit->stress/hinder/hamper 限制阻止；阻碍
operate->manipulate 操作；操纵
provide->lend->offer 提供；给予
publicize->propagandize 宣传；公布
sway->vacillate 影响；摇摆，使摇摆
think->contemplate/muse/meditate/retrospect 思考；考虑；想起thrive->palmy(a.)/flourishing(v./a.)/prosperity(n.)
undermine->sap/enervate/debilitate 破坏；使衰弱，衰竭
use->employ/utilize 使用；利用
want->intend to/tend to/be inclined to 希望；倾向于
want to->desire 想要
2. 形容词/副词：
first->primarily 首先(ad.)
hardly->merely->barely 几乎不(ad.)
hurt->vulnerable 受伤；易受攻击
inevitable-indispensable 必然；不可缺少
in fact->actually/virtually 事实上；实际上(ad.)
key->crucial/vital/consequential 关键；重要
large->miraculous/marvelous 大；不可思议(表程度)
maybe->probably 也许；大概(ad.)
more and more->increasing/growing 越来越多
obvious->conspicuous 明显；显著
old->ancient 老；古老
proper->apposite 适当；合适
persuasive->thorough/sound/specific/convincing 有说服力
true->accurate 正确；准确
vague->unwarranted/oversimplified 模糊
well-known->outstanding 著名
more often than not = often
He more often than not comes here.
3. 名词(词组)：
bias->prejudice/discriminate 偏见；歧视
big city->metropolis 大都市
chance->alternative 机会；选择
character->trait/individuality/personality 品质；特性；个性
child->juvenile 孩子；青少年
clash->conflict/collision冲突
custom->convention/tradition 传统；习俗
delegate->representative 代表
detail->specific 细节
lawmaking->legislation 立法
offspring->descendant 后代；子孙
value->merit 价值
附：
1. purchasing power of incomes
Maximize their incomes = increase the purchasing power of incomes
4.property = real estate
5.precision = accuracy
4. Thinking ability = critical thinking =creative= innovation
5. reasoning = logical thought =thought
6. popular culture= common culture
7. cultural power= assimilating power
10. judge = Justice （必考含义）“法官”
11. apprehension （必考含义）= worry
apprehensiveability 理解能力
12. mind = people= individual
13. faith=confidence 信心
14. drug= medicine
15. dismiss 斥责= rebuke=criticize
16. tap 开发tap the market = explore the market = expand the market
18. entail =make= cause
19. nature；nurture/ born；made /inherited；acquired/（先天和后天）innate cognitive/intuitive made/born
20. attribute= character=trait=merit=feature=virtue 特点；特质
21. complementary=auxiliary
22. suits = enable = entail（This job entails a lot of hard work.）
24. mechanical = unchanged
mechanical learning
Dynamic=changeable=variable；vary
Modify=change
26.distinction= fame
26. implication；connotation；suggestion；reference；
carry important implications for（短语动词）
27. accumulation = expansion = augmentation
28.literally = actually=absolutely
29. initiatives=measures
Initiatives =intention
Initiative =active
Initiative=primitive=beginning
30.endeavors=efforts
31.Doubt= deny= don‘t believe
33. 经济下滑，衰退
slowing economy/softening economy/stagnant economy/economic recession/economic decline
/economic stagnation （stagnant）/depression/slowdown
34.symptoms =negative example
35.frames = body
36.grasp = understanding
37.reshape= remold
38.entitle :we are entitled to some privileges./Some privileges are given to us ./Some privileges are conferred on us.
4. 其他：
although->albeit/notwithstanding 尽管(conj.)
because->in that->since->seeing 因为(conj.)
but->nonetheless/nevertheless 然而；但是(conj.)
through->in term of/via 通过(prep.)
to sum->to summarize/in conclusion 总之；最后
表示“地位” ：status, rank
表示“偏见” ：bias, prejudice, discrimination, inequality
表示“组成” 同义表达：constitute, be made from/of, include, consist of
表示“导致” ：result in, cause, lead to
表示“发行”：issue, release, distribute, launch
表示“授予” ：grant, award
表示“结果” ：result, consequent, outcome, turn out to
表示“交易” ：deal, trade, exchange, transaction
表示“能力” ：ability, capability, potential, power
表示“结束” ：fulfill, finish, accomplish, carryout, achieve, complete
表示“语言” ：verbally, language, words, lingual
表示“精确” ：accuracy, precision
表示“以前” ：previous, former, latter, prior to
表示“加强，促进” ：promote, facilitate, enhance, reinforce
表示“前景，未来”：prospect, future, expectation, outlook
表示“顾客” ：customer, client, consumer, guest
表示“暂停、延期” ：suspend, phase back, put off, stop, postpone, delayed
表示“信息” ：information, message, data, figure, statistics
表示“公司” ：enterprise, firm, company, corporation
表示“故意” ：deliberately, intentionally, purposely, on/in purpose
表示“冷漠” ：indifferent, neutral, carefree, detached(超然)
表示“抱怨” ：complain, moan, groan
表示“吸引” ：appeal, attract, fascinate, tempt, absorb
表示“赶上” ：catch up with, keep up with
表示“对手” ：rival, equal, comparative, competitor, opponent, adversary, enemy
表示“谨慎” ：prudent, cautious
表示“有利” ：be beneficial to, be useful to
Skills:
同义替换法/词性转换法/语态改变法/句式转换法/压缩长句法
分析：
Recently, a wild fish restaurant was ordered to shut down in Harbin, northeast China's Heilongjiang Province. As a result, the owner of the restaurant faced a fine of 500,000 yuan.
Chen Yan, a tourist from Changzhou, east China's Jiangsu Province, complained online on February 12 that he was being overcharged 10,000 yuan for three big fish at a local wild fish restaurant in Songbei District of Harbin. Worse still, he claimed that his family members were beaten and threatened by the restaurant staff when he questioned the bill at the checkout.
Chen's complaint immediately spread on China's social media. The investigation results by some local government departments showed that the restaurant had no fault, since they had already tagged the price, which raised doubt among netizens again.
Further investigation showed that one type of the fish served, Huso, was not the real wild species, but a kind of farmed fish at a much lower price. Since the prices of the fish did have violated the rights of consumers, the restaurant got its due punishment. Meanwhile, relevant government departments that have stood by the side of the restaurant in the first place would also be investigated and punished.
Similar cases of fraudulent pricing at scenic spots have also been reported elsewhere in China. In October 2015, for instance, a tourist was overcharged for a course of shrimp in the coastal city of Qingdao, east China's Shandong Province, when the restaurant claimed the quoted price of 38 yuan was not for the dish, but for each shrimp! Authorities say that these illegal actions will be severely punished.
练习：
1.Recently, a wild fish restaurant was ordered to shut down in Harbin and faced a heavy fine. lately/not long ago, require/command close down
3.Chen Yan complained he was being overcharged and were beaten and threatened by the restaurant staff. Chen's complaint immediately spread on China's social media.
violent treatment expose…to the public; Chen's complaint that …spread…
Possible answer: A customer named Chen Yan exposed his being overcharged and the violent
treatment of the restaurant to the public.
3.The restaurant got its due punishment and relevant government departments would also be investigated and punished.
receive as well as/ together with/along with
The restaurant as well as some relevant government departments received their due punishment.
4.Similar cases have also been reported elsewhere and authorities say that these illegal actions will be severely punished.
happened/ took place government
will be seriously punished/will receive serious/ severe punishment
Similar cases also happened elsewhere and the government are determined to fight them.
one possible version:
Lately, a wild fish restaurant in Harbin faced being shut down and a heavy fine, after a customer named Chen Yan exposed his being overcharged and the violent treatment of the restaurant to the public. Ultimately, after investigation, the restaurant as well as some relevant government departments received their due punishment. In fact, similar cases also happened elsewhere and the government are determined to fight them.
精品文档考试教学资料施工组织设计方案
第一讲 引发激烈讨论，热门话题，激烈争论，广泛关注 heated, hot, long-running, controversial, hotly-debated a matter of (global )concern, (burning, pressing, thorny)issue, controversy, subject, focus, topic. be put on the agenda trigger, spark, arouse intense, fierce, contentious/ debate, discussion, argument arouse people’s wide concern/ / wide public concern/curiosity/attention, make people worried become public focus/ the focus of the society more and more people---an increasing number of people more and more useful---increasingly useful 人---事物 More and more people waste ---The growing rate of waste have people calling it an epidemic a lot of ---a considerable number of/ massive/ different people have different ideas towards it----people’s ideas towards it differ from one to another. ., views on this issue vary greatly. try to—attempt to, intend to think – argue, claim , deem , insist if – provided that, assuming that, supposing that 一写作常用关键词句： 1．认为，断言：think, believe, argue, hold, contend, state, claim, suppose, advocate, assume, point out, point to, allege, assert personally, as for me, as far as I am concerned, for my part 2．许多：a large number of, a large amount of, a considerable number of, a host of, dozens of, scores of, the bulk of, a majority of 大部分的，a minority of小部分的 3．如今、目前：in contemporary society, nowadays, at present, recently, currently, in recent decades 4．越来越：increasing, growing 5．重要，必要，肯定主导，关键，根本, 意义重大：important, necessary, essential, vital, crucial, influential, overwhelming, primary, overriding, principal，fundamental, elementary, cardinal, significant, indispensable, dominant, key, leading, prominent, decisive, major, gist, crux关键，症结所在 6．关注、重视、强调、优先考虑、把…放首要位置：highlight, pay attention to, attract…, raise…concern, arouse… concern, call for…concern, attach importance to, give p riority to, lay emphasis/stress on
写作中常用同义替换词 1. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching 2.有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated 3.流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive 4.提高, 加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize 5. 老人：old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens 6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being 7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers 8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing 9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents 10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue 11. 责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability 12. 能力：ability = capacity = power = skill 13. 职业：job = career = employment = profession 14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment 15. 孩子：children = offspring = descendant= kid 16. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken 17. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off 18. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding 19. 积极的, 好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous 20. 消极的, 不良的：bad = undesirable=unfavorable 21. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest 22. 健康的: healthy = sound = wholesome 23. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous 24. 影响：influence= impact= effect, 25. 危险：danger =hazard 26. 污染：pollution = contamination 27. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race 28. 引起：cause = result in=lead to =trigger 29. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with 30. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate 31. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture 32. 激发, 鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur 33. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue 34. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve 35. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold 36. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize 37. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten 38. 可能：presumably, probably, perhaps, supposedly 39. 承认：without doubt=there is no denying that=admittedly 40. 表明：illustrate= demonstrate= suggest= reflect= indicate 41. 好：favorable=positive=promising=pleasurable=excellent=outstanding 42. 不好：negative=dreadful=unfavorable=adverse
浙江高考英语百日训练之书面表达概要（8）含答案解析 【题文】 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Although some people don't like using automatic hand dryers in restrooms, it may actually be argued that motion-sensing hand dryers are a practical alternative to paper towels. I believe that our school would benefit from investing in automatic hand dryers in all the restrooms. First of all, the automatic hand dryer is very sanitary（卫生的）. Instead of pulling on a lever (手柄) touched by a large number of students, users can just stick their hands under the air dryer. No bacteria can get on them because there is nothing to touch. Kids wouldn't get sick from the paper towel dispensers (纸巾盒) . In addition, if the school buys automatic hand dryers, we can save money. There is a terrible waste of paper towels in the restrooms. Students continuously pull on the lever for unneeded towels until the dispensers are empty. An automatic hand dryer costs about $500, with very little additional cost over time while paper towels can cost $25 a case, or about $500 a year. After just one year, it would pay for itself. Finally, our bathroom is a paper towel mess! There are always piles of paper towels on the floor. Sometimes the extras fall from the dispenser unused. Many times kids make their used towel into a ball and aim for a basket. But if they miss the target, the paper ball stays on the floor. Paper towels leave so much litter in the restrooms that the restrooms are a mess. People use the hand dryers for just a few seconds, and they think that automatic hand dryers don't dry their hands as thoroughly as paper towels. However, studies have shown that when people dry their hands for at least 30 seconds, automatic dryers actually dry much better than paper towels. It is difficult to get every part of your hand dry using paper towels, but the air can if you take a few extra seconds. As you see there are some good points, let's install automatic hand dryers as soon as possible! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Compared with paper towels, hand dryers have more advantages, which will benefit school in four ways. First, they are clean and healthy because bacteria can’t touch kids. Additionally, i t can help school save money. Thirdly, our bathroom can be kept clean and neat. Besides, it can dry our hands more effectively if we take longer time. Therefore, school is advisable to fix the equipment at once.(66) 【解析】 【分析】
概要写作作文模版 Final approval draft on November 22, 2020
2017届高三英语作文（概要写作） 姓名：______________ 班级：_____________日期：__________ 审题思路及草稿：1，文章话题及体裁______________________________ 2,时态_________________________________________ 3,划出文章段落主题句并分析结构；__________________ 主旨要点一及替换词句：____________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 主旨要点二及和替换词句：____________________________________________ 主旨要点三及和替换词句：______________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 其他要点及替换词句：______________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 4, 要点间的过渡词/句：______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 5,替换思维：:主动句变被动、同义词替换，概括性词汇代替具体数字，单位， 非谓语代替定语从句 正式成文:不涂改，落线平齐写，字母书写按四线格，单词间距一个字母， ，向右倾斜5度,行文简洁连贯，杜绝抄袭（行动就是朝目标前进） _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________ 范文学习/自我改进稿（不断学习和改进，Practice makes perfect ) _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________
雅思写作常用同义词替换100个 1. people=individuals 人们 (Those who) 2. many people=a majority of people = most of people大多数人 3. a lot of=a great deal of=plenty of 很多（修饰不可数名词） 4. a great number of=a large amount/quantity of=considerable amount o f= a large variety of很多（可数名词） 5. plentiful=abundant 丰富的，大量的 6. expensive=pricy 贵的 7. thing=item=goods 东西，物品 8. humans=human beings=human race=mankind 人类 9. benefit=conduce to=help=contribute to=aid to 有助于（动词） 10. harm=damage=endanger=undermine 危害（动词） 11. beneficial=helpful=conducive(rewarding)=do good to/be good for 有好处的（形容词） 12. harmful=detrimental=damaging有害的（形容词）
13. education=schooling 教育 14. think=believe=hold=maintain=consider=take for=agree认为 15. oppose=object to=be against=disagree 反对 16. support=be in favor of=be for 支持 17. as for me=as far as I am concerned=in the eyes of 对我来说 18. in my opinion=from my perspective=in my viewpoint=in my point of view=personally 我的观点是 19. as …develop(s)=with the development of...=with the progress of…=as…advances随着…的发展（注意什么时候用动词，什么时候用名词） 20. quickly=rapidly=at an amazing rate=at an staggering rate 很快（副词） 21. in addition=besides=furthermore=moreover=apart from=in spite of= Despite=what’s more 此外（提出新信息） 22. because=as=for=since 因为（加句子） 23. because of=due to=owing to=thanks to =attribute to 因为（加名词）
英语写作常用同义词替换100个 1. people=individuals人们(Those who) 2. many people=a majority of people 大多数人 3. a lot of=a great deal of=plenty of 很多（修饰不可数名词） 4. a great number of=a large quantity of=considerable amount of很多（可数名词） 5. plentiful=abundant 丰富的，大量的 6. expensive=pricy 贵的 7. thing=item 东西，物品 8. humans=human beings=human race 人类 9. benefit=conduce to=help=contribute to 有助于（动词） 10. harm=damage=endanger=undermine 危害（动词） 11. beneficial=helpful=conducive(rewarding) 有好处的（形容词） 12. harmful=detrimental=damaging有害的（形容词） 13. education=schooling 教育 14. think=believe=hold 认为 15. oppose=object to=be against 反对 16. support=be in favor of=be for 支持 17. as for me=as far as I am concerned 对我来说 18. in my opinion=from my perspective=in my viewpoint=personally 我的观点是 19. as …develops=with the development of...=with the progress of…=a s…advances随着…的发展（注意什么时候用动词，什么时候用名词） 20. quickly=rapidly=at an amazing rate=at an staggering rate 很快（副词）
2016年浙江新高考英语题型解读—概要写作 一、2016年浙江新高考《考试说明》英语写作样题 第二节：概要写作（满分25分） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is no thing fixed about attitudes to dirt. In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block o ut disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up t he skin and let ills in. A particular danger was though to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 15 46. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a frie ndly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman h ad taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman sho uld not go out. Though the belief in the merit (好处) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been re garded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18 century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning awa y dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of pre venting disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter th an white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too f ar? Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of diseas e. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist (免疫学家), encourages ch ildren to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter (后者) positi on is gaining some ground. （原创范文，仅供参考） One possible version： People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. (要点 1 ) For a long time in histo ry, people of some European countries, such as France, believed that dirt protected peop le from getting ill. (要点 2 ) However, people began to change their attitudes to dirt abou t 200 years ago. People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us health y. (要点 3) However, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our im mune system. (要点 4) 【范文点拨】 (一)要点分析 1. 文章第一段就是本篇文章的主题句，亮明了总的观点：However, there is nothing fix ed about attitudes to dirt. 换句话说：Different people have different attitudes towards di rt. 再结合下文谈到的主题可知Different people have different attitudes towards dirt on th
Part 1 A A band of= a herd of=a flock of 一群 A range of=an array of= a list of= a collection of=a series of= a set of一系列Accelerate=speed up加速 Accomplishment=achievement 成就，完成 Accomplish=achieve （V）完成，达成，成就 Attend=participate in 参加 Achieve=obtain=gain=access to sth 得到、获得 Adapt to=integrate into使适应、融为一体 Aim.n=objective=goal 目的 Aim at=focus on=concentrate on=emphasize on 集中、强调 An array of=a list of =a set of=a series of 一系列 Attempt to do=try to do=intend to do尝试作，想要作 Approximately=roughly=about=some=around 大约 Appreciation=interest 欣赏 As a result=consequently=as a consequence=hence因此、从而 As well as=and和 As well=too也 Associate with=connect with=link with=relate to=involve in与……相关联Attach to=connect to=link to=serve与……相连接、附着在……上 At will=at random＝by chance=by accident=accidentally随意地Automatically ensure=guarantee确保 B Be similar to=closely resembled =have something in common 相似 Be used to=be devoted to专门用于 Be equivalent to=be equal to 等同于 Be taken aback=be surprised 吃惊 Briskly =rapidly=swiftly快速地 C Calculate=measure 衡量 Catch up with=keep pace with跟上步伐 Chief=major=dominant=principle主要的 Chronic=long term 慢性病的 Complain=illness 病症 Concern n. =focus关心的问题
高中英语写作指导-《概要写作》 该题型提供一篇350词以内的短文,要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。原文以说明文、议论文为主,概要,基本就是段落大意。每段用一句话概括,或者两段一个大意,最多用两句话概括。 (一)高分要诀 1.概要应包括原文中的主要事实,略去不必要的细节。 这就要求考生在写作时要找关键词和主题句,准确理解、分析原文要点,归纳段落大意。 2.各要点的表达既要相对独立,又要有适当的衔接,要用适当的关联词语贯通全文,切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子,但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语,以免显得生硬。 3.所用句型力求简单,安排好篇幅的比例,概要应同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写重要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容。 4.不排斥用原文的某些词句,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的话语表达,至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换,如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。
此外,在写作时,要尽量使用短句,慎用长难句。例如,尽量少用关系代词which,who 等引导的定语从句,而采用动词-ing形式和过去分词做定语。 5.多使用概括性词语,少用具体描述性词语。注意要点之间的衔接。 概要写作中的衔接过渡词汇:
列举过渡目的过渡让步过渡承接过渡first of all first second third in the first place initially to start with furthermore in addition moreover what’s more finally with the aim of for the sake of with a view to for the purpose of although it is true...that even though of course certainly admittedly indeed true as soon as as a matter of fact so to speak however as it were day after day year in and year out 举例理由时间总结 as an illustration for instance one example for example just as in particular such as namely to illustrate a case in point take...for since by virtue of so given as a result of because (of) due to in view of on account of owing to the reason why in other words lead to for this reason before since as until meanwhile at the moment when whenever as soon as just as according to all in all to summarize in summary in conclusion as a consequence lastly by and large finally consequently to sum up hence
四六级考前冲刺必读：英语写作中高级同义词替 换 英语写作中高级同义词替换 连词篇：（介词，副词） Firstly: previously, beforehand,foremost, initially, originally, formerly, principally, mainly,essentially, basically, generally, commonly, universally, on the whole,fundamentally, to begin with, to start wit h, first of all, at the outset… Then: subsequently, afterward,thereafter, after that, secondarily, what ismore, furthermore (further more)… Lastly:ultimately, eventually, inconclusion, to conclude, as a final point, last of all, last but notleast, finally… Too: as well (句末)也, inaddition, besides, moreover, additionally, to boot, excessively, also… And: plus, as wellas, along with, in addition, bonus, with… Or: otherwise, if not,before, or else… So (adv):therefore, thus, consequently, accordingly, as a result, for that reason,hence, that’s why Because: as, due to,since, as to, in that, for the reason that, for, now that… But:however,moreover, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the contrary, on the otherhand, 让步although, eventhought, though, even if, while, as, despite the fact that… Only: just, merely, barely,singly, solely, rarely… Without: excluding, Very: extremely, acutely,decidedly, deeply, exceedingly, greatly, highly, uncommonly, profoundly,unusually… Actually: as a matter offact, indeed, in fact, in point of fact, in reality, in truth, literally,truly … 形容词/副词
动词替换： 1.Improve 提高： Promote: 促进AC之间的贸易promote the trade between A and C; He was promoted to senior manager in this company. Advance: our understanding of human genetics has considerably(非常的，可换做vastly) advanced. Enhance: the publicity has enhanced his reputation.这次宣传提高了他的名望 Reinforce: reinforce the interference of the autority and its ability of macroeconomic control 加强政府的干预和宏观调控能力 2.change 改变： Transform:多指改头换面，完全改变，不能用于形容slight change。说到人口变化：the increasing population has transformed the landscape and structure of local industry structure.人口剧增改变了小镇的景色以及当地的工业结构 3.Emphasize 强调： Highlight：the report highlight the decline in the numbers of native(可以换作local) plants and insects. highlight/emphase the significance/magnitude of… 强调…的重要性 Stress: He stresses the need for parents to listen to their children. Accentuate: the crisis accentuates the gap between rich and poor. Address: address the ponderance of manipulating the inosculation between… and… in the right perspective 强调正确处理…关系的重要性 (highlight and emphasize 的区别：highlight是告诉人们重点，因而能够让别人注意，类似于老师勾重点；而emphasize则是使重点清晰，不管别人是否能注意得到。而stress则和emphasize差不多) 4.Develop培养： Cultivate: cultivate the ability of … ；培养情操；cultivate a more relaxed and positive way towards life.