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2017-2018高一英语下学期期末复习专题

2017-2018高一英语下学期期末复习专题
2017-2018高一英语下学期期末复习专题

2017-2018高一英语下学期期末复习专题

2017-2018学年高一下学期期末考试备考满分冲刺专题专题二必修3重点句型讲解部分

要点一:sb./sth.is+adj.+todo

1.这房子住起来很舒服。

___________________________________________________ ______________________________________

2.这篇课文很容易理解。

___________________________________________________ ______________________________________

【参考答案】

1.The/Thishouseiscofortabletolivein.

2.The/Thistextiseasytounderstand.

【知识讲解】

sb./sth.is+adj.+todo句型中不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。如后面的动词是不及物动词,则要加上适当的介词或副词。

【特别提醒】

英语中,像

easy,hard,difficult,fit,heavy,light,nice,unfit,good ,sweet,interesting等形容词在句中作表语或补语时,后面的动词不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。

?Thewaterinthetownisnotfittodrinkbecauseoftheflood.

由于洪水泛滥,这个城镇里的水已不适合饮用。

?Theboxoverthereisveryheavytocarry.

那边的那个箱子搬起来很重。

要点二:it作形式主语

单句改错

1.Thereisnotnecessaryforyoutohavetoldheraboutthebad news.

___________________________________________________ _____________________________________

2.Itisnogoodtrytosolvetheissuebetweenthenationsbyth eeansofwar.

___________________________________________________ _____________________________________

【参考答案】

1.There→It

2.try→trying

【知识讲解】

it作形式主语的常考句型:

(1)Itbe+形容词(possible,strange,natural,iportant...)+that从句

(2)Itbe+过去分词(said,thought,believed,supposed,reported...)+that 从句

(3)It+不及物动词(see,occur,happen...)+that从句

(4)Itbe+名词短语(apity,afact,awonder,anhonour,anidea,nowonder...)+that从句

【特别注意】

1.在"Itis/wassuggested/proposed/desired+that"从句中,从句常用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词为:should+动词原形,should可以省略。

2.在句型"Itis/wasstrange/iportant/necessary/essential...+that从句"中,从句常用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词为"should+动词原形",should可以省略。

?

Itissuggestedthatshe(should)finishherhoeworkthisaft ernoon.

建议她今天下午完成作业。

要点三:比较级表示最高级

改错

1.Nothingisvaluablethanhealth.

___________________________________________________ ________________________________

2.—Areyoupleasedwithwhathehasdone?

—Notabit.Itcouldn’tbebad.

___________________________________________________ ________________________________

【参考答案】

1.在valuable前加ore

2.bad改为worse

【知识讲解】

否定词与比较级连用,表示最高级意义,通常译为"没有比……更……,没有……像……一样"。常用的否定词有no,not,never,nothing,nobody,hardly等。

表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构:

alltheother+名词复数

theother+名词复数

(1)比较级+than+anyother+名词单数

anyoftheother+名词复数

anything/anyoneelse

(2)否定词+so/as+形容词(副词)原级+as

(3)否定词+形容词(副词)比较级(+than)

(4)the+形容词(副词)最高级

要点四:havesb.doingsth.

(2015?新课标全国卷I改编)Atsoepointinallofourlives,we’llhaveourtrusttestorviolated.(单句改错)

___________________________________________________ ________________________________________ 【参考答案】test→tested

【知识讲解】

have作使役动词用时,有以下固定搭配:

havesb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事;让某情况发生

havesb.dosth.让某人做某事

havesth.done让某事由别人做;遭遇到不好的事;做完某事

?Itisnotagoodideatohavetheachinerunningallthetie.

让机器一直运转不是个好主意。

【名师点睛】

have作"有"讲时的句式为:

havesth.todo有某事要做(主语自己做)

havesth.tobedone有某事要做(不是主语自己做) ※注意:

havesth.todo的意思是"有什么事要做",不定式作的是后置定语,而不是宾语。不要与上面的结构混淆。

要点五:"find+宾语+宾补"结构

(2017?新课标全国卷III改编)Lotsofpeoplefind_______________________(认为早上起床很难),andputtheblaeonthealarclock.

【参考答案】

ithardtogetupintheorning

【知识讲解】

【特别提醒】

能用于"动词+宾语+宾语补足语"结构的动词有see,hear,watch,notice,have,ake,think等。

要点六:hadjustdone...when...

单句改错

1.Wewerehavingdinnerwhiletherewasaknockonthedoor.

___________________________________________________ ______________________________

2.Hewasatthepointofgoingoutwhenitbegantorain.

___________________________________________________ ______________________________

3.Ihadjustgonetobedasthetelephonerang.

___________________________________________________ ______________________________

【参考答案】

1.while改为when

2.at改为on

3.as改为when

【知识讲解】

when表示"正在这时/那时"时常用的句型:

sb.wasdoing...when...某人正在做……这时……

sb.hadjustdone...when...某人刚做完……这时……

sb.wasabouttodo...when.../sb.wasjustgoingtodo...whe n...某人正要做……这时……

beonthepointofdoing...when...正要……这时……

要点七:Itiswell-knownthat...

用两种方法翻译下列句子

众所周知,台湾岛是中国的一部分。

___________________________________________________ _______________________________________

___________________________________________________ _______________________________________

【参考答案】

1.Itiswell-knownthatTaiwanIslandispartofchina.

2.Asiswell-known,TaiwanIslandispartofchina.

【知识讲解】

1."Itiswell-knownthat..."是常用句型,意为"众所周知……"。其中it是形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语。

?Itiswell-knownthatLondonisthecapitalofEngland.

众所周知,伦敦是英国的首都。

?

Itiswell-knownthatTheAdventureofToSawyerwaswrittenb yarkTwain.

众所周知,《汤姆?索亚历险记》是马克?吐温写的。

2.Itisknownthat…句型可转换成:

(1)Asisknown...(as引导非限制性定语从句)

(2)Whatisknownisthat...(what引导主语从句,that引导表语从句)

?Itisknownthatheisoneofthebeststudentsinhisclass.

=Asisknown,heisoneofthebeststudentsinhisclass.

=Whatisknownisthatheisoneofthebeststudentsinhisclas s.

众所周知,他是他们班最好的学生之一。

【特别提醒】

asweallknow…和asiswellknown…意思和itiswell-knownthat…相同,但这两个句子都是非限制性定语从句,as是关系代词,在从句中分别作宾语和主语。

?Asweallknow,wecan’tsurvivewithoutoney.

我们都知道,没有钱我们就无法生存。

?Asiswellknown,HenrywenttoEnglandbyaccident.

众所周知,亨利是偶然到了英国。

要点八:whenever引导让步状语从句

_____________hungryIa,Ineverseetobeabletofinishofft hisbagofbread.

A.Whatever

B.Wheneverc.WhereverD.However

【参考答案】D

【知识讲解】

whenever在任何时候,无论何时,引导的是让步状语从句,相当于noatterwhen…。需要注意的是:状语从句要用陈述语序,且要用一般现在时表示将要发生的动作。whatever 引导宾语从句,相当于anythingthat。

?

Whenevershecoestoyhouse,shebringseapresent.=Noatter whenshecoestoyhouse,shebringseapresent.

他无论何时来我家,都给我带个礼物。

?He’llpushonwithhisprojectwhateverthedifficultiesaybe.

不管有什么困难,他都要继续推行他的计划。

【特别提醒】

whoever,whatever,whichever等词既可以引导名词性从句,又可以引导让步状语从句,而noatterwh-只能引导让步

状语从句。

?Whoeverbreakstheschoolruleswillbepunished.

无论谁违反了学校的规章制度,都要受到惩罚。

?Noatterwhenyoucallonhi,youwillfindhiathisdesk.

不管你什么时候去看他,他都在书桌前(用功学习)。

要点九:betodo

—Didyoutelljuliaabouttheresult?

—oh,no,Iforgot.I___________hernow.

A.willbecalling

B.willcallc.callD.atocall

【参考答案】B

【知识讲解】

betodosth.有多层含义,多表示将来。具体说来,有以下含义:

1.表示按计划或安排要做的事。

?Whenareyoutoleaveforhoe?

你什么时候回家?

?Sheistobearriednextonth.

她将于下个月结婚。

?TheQueenistovisitjapaninaweek’stie.

女王将于一周后访问日本。

这种结构也可用于过去。was/weretodosth.表示曾经计划要做的事,但不表明计划是否被执行,或表示"命运(即命

中注定要发生的事)",而非计划;was/weretohavedonesth.表示未曾实现的计划。

?IfeltnervousbecauseIwassoontoleavehoeforthefirsttie .

我感到很紧张,因为我很快就要第一次离开家了。

?

Theysaidgoodbye,notknowingthattheywerenevertoeetaga in.

他们互相告别,不知道以后再也不会见面了。

?Weweretohavetoldyou,butyouwerenotin.我们本来想告诉你的,但是你不在家。

2.表示"应该",相当于should,oughtto。

?Whatistobedone?

应该怎么办呢?

3.表示"必须",相当于ust,haveto。

?youaretodoyourhoeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.

看电视之前你得先做完作业。

4.表示"想,打算",相当于intend,want。

?Ifwearetobetherebeforeten,we’llhavetogonow.

如果我们要在十点前到,我们现在就得走。

5.用于第一人称疑问句,表示征求对方意见。

?Whatarewetodonext?

我们下一步该怎么办?

6.用于否定句,表示"禁止",相当于ustn’t。

?Thebooksinthisrooarenottobetakenoutside.

这个室内的书籍不得带出室外。

7.表示"可以,可能",相当于ay,can。

?Thenewsistobefoundintheeveningpaper.

这条消息可以在晚报上见到。

【易混辨析】willdo/begoingtodo/bedoing/betodo/beabouttodo

willdo单纯表将来,强调未经事先考虑将要做某事。

begoingtodo首先可表示"将要做某事",一般表示经过事先考虑,安排将要做某事。其次可以表示"有迹象表明要做某事"。

bedoing进行时态表将来,动词一般是表趋向性的动词,如go,coe,arrive,return等。

betodo表"计划、安排要做某事",还可以表示职责、义务和可能性。

beabouttodo表示"正要做某事",所在的句子不会再出现时间状语,一般常考查这个结构和whensuddenly结构连用,表示"正要做某事突然发生另外一件事"。

要点十:倍数表达法

同义句改写

Theredruleristhreetiesaslongastheyellowone.

1._________________________________________________ _______________(用"倍数+比较级"改写)

2._________________________________________________ _______________(用"倍数+the+n.+of..."改写) 【参考答案】

1.Theredruleristwicelongerthantheyellowone.

2.Theredruleristhreetiesthelengthoftheyellowone.

【知识讲解】

"...倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as..."是倍数表达法之一,意为"……是……的多少倍"。倍数的常见表达方式:

1."A+谓语+倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+than+B",表示"A比B……倍"

?Thenewbuildingisfourtieshigherthantheoldone.

新楼比旧楼高4倍。

2."A+谓语+倍数+as+形容词/副词的原级+as+B",表示"A是B的……倍……"

?AsiaisfourtiesaslargeasEurope.

亚洲的大小是欧洲的4倍。

3."A+谓语+倍数+thesize/height/length/width/depth...+of+B",表示"A的……是B的……倍"

?Theearthis49tiesthesizeoftheoon.

地球是月亮的49倍大。

4.A+谓语+倍数+what从句

?Theproductionnowisthreetieswhatitwastenyearsago.

现在的产量是10年前的3倍。

5.A+谓语+倍数+thatof...

?

Nowthegrainoutputinourcountyistwicethatof20yearsago .

现在我们县的粮食产量是20年前的两倍。

【特别提醒】

"两倍"用twice或double,不足一倍用分数表示,三倍或三倍以上一般用...ties来表示。

要点十一:形容词作状语

Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthewentbackhoe,______ ______.

A.hungryandtiredly

B.hungryandtired

c.hungrilyandtiredlyD.hungrilyandtired

【参考答案】B

【知识讲解】

形容词的主要功能是用作定语和表语,但有时也可用作状语。形容词或形容词短语作状语,表示方式、原因、结果或伴随等,说明谓语动作的方式,它在句子中有时像非限制性定语从句一样,表示意义上的增补。其逻辑主语是句子的主语。

1.作伴随或方式状语时,其位置比较灵活,可位于句首或句末,有时也可位于句中。

?Hearrivedhoe,hungryandtired.

他回到家里,又饿又累。(表伴随)

2.作原因状语时,一般位于句首,有时也可位于句子中间。

?

Afraidofbeingscolded,foraoent,littleFranzthoughtofp layingtruant.(=Ashewasafraidofbeingscolded,foraoent ,littleFranzthoughtofplayingtruant.)

由于害怕挨骂,小弗朗兹一时起了逃学的念头。

3.作时间或条件状语时,通常位于句首,也可位于句末。

?

Ripe,theseapplesaresweet.(=When/Iftheseapplesarerip

e,theyaresweet.)

熟了的时候这种苹果很甜。

?

Enthusiastic,theyarequitecooperative.(=When/Iftheya reenthusiastic,theyarecooperative.)

热心的时候他们是很合作的。

4.作让步状语时,常由一个形容词或连词or连接的两个或两个以上的并列形容词构成。一般位于句首,有时也可位于句中。

?

Rightorwrong,healwayscoesoffworstinanarguentbecause ofhisinabilitytospeakcoherently.(=Whetherheisrighto rwrong,healwayscoesoffworstbecauseofhisinabilitytos peakcoherently.)

无论有理还是无理,由于他语言条理欠佳总是把事情弄得最糟。

5.作结果状语时,在句中的位置比较灵活。

?

Foraoentshejuststoodthere,unabletobelievewhathadjus thappened.

她在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿,不敢相信刚才发生的事情。

?

onewoanwaslyinginbed,awake,listeningtotherushingwin ds.

有一位女人醒着躺在床上,静听着那疾驰而过的大风。

要点十二:独立主格结构

用独立主格结构改写句子

Becauseheisill,we’llhavetodohiswork.

___________________________________________________ ________________________________

【参考答案】

Hebeingill,we’llhavetodohiswork.

【知识讲解】

一、独立主格结构的概念

独立主格结构(AbsoluteStructure)是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主动、被动关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系,它的位置相当灵活,可置于句前、句末或句中,常由逗号将其与句子其他成分分开。需特别注意的是,独立主格结构与句子之间不能使用任何连接词。

二、独立主格结构基本构成形式

名词(代词)+现在分词(过去分词;形容词;副词;不定

式;名词;介词短语)

1.名词(代词)+现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)。

?Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhoe.

由于没有公共汽车,我们只好走回家。

?

Leavesfallinghereandthere,Isuddenlynoticeautunisdra wingupon.

树叶到处飘着,我一下子意识到秋天来临了。

2.名词(代词)+过去分词(表示被动或已完成)。

?

Hewaslisteningattentivelyinclass,hiseyesfixedontheb lackboard.

他上课专心听讲,眼睛紧盯着黑板。

?Hisdinnereatenalone,Philipwalkedstraightintothelibrary.

独自一个人吃完饭后,菲利普径直走进图书馆。

3.名词(代词)+不定式(表示将要发生的动作)。

在"名词/代词+动词不定式"结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主动关系,动词不定式则用主动的形式;如果是被动关系,则用被动形式。

?

Thefourofusagreedonadivisionoflabor,eachtotranslate

aquarterofthebook.

我们四人同意分工干,每人翻译全书的四分之一。

?

anytrees,flowers,andgrasstobeplanted,ournewly-built schoolwilllookevenorebeautiful.

种上许多的树、花和草后,我们新建的学校看上去将更美。

4.名词(代词)+形容词(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)。

?coputersverysall,wecanusethewidely.

电脑虽小,我们却能广泛地利用它们。

5.名词(代词)+副词(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)。

?Thelightsoff,wecouldnotgoonwiththework.

灯熄了,我们不能继续工作了。

6.名词(代词)+名词(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)。

?

Twohundredpeoplediedintheaccident,anyofthechildren.

两百人死于该事故,其中有许多儿童。

7.名词(代词)+介词短语(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)。

?

2019高一下学期期末英语 试卷

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(听力),第II卷(英语知识运用)和第III卷(读写能力测试)三部分。满分为100 分,考试用时为100 分钟。考试结束时,请将试卷全部上交。 题号第Ⅰ卷第II卷第III卷总分 得分 第Ⅰ卷 得分听力(共三节,15小题,每题1分;满分15分) 评卷人 做题时,先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题,每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the woman probably doing? A. Giving a speech. B. Preparing for her speech. C. Watching TV. 2. What does the man mean? A. He can play the computer games. B. Mark should practice his drawing.

C. Mark should go over his lessons. 3. Where are the two speakers? A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. On the street. 4. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Boss and employee. C. Teacher and student. 5. What will the man do this Sunday? A. Visit some small rooms. B. Go to the zoo. C. Climb a hill. 第二节 听下面2段材料。每段材料后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段材料,回答第6至第8题。 6. How long has Peter Waters lived here? A. A few months. B. About twenty years. C. Nearly the same as the man. 7. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. On the bus. B. On the street. C. At the police office. 8. What is Peter Waters’house like? A. Old and red. B. New and blue. C. Old and blue. 听下面一段材料,回答第9至第11题。

高一英语下学期期末考试试题(4)

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