名词性从句
在英语中，句子可分为简单句和复合句，复合句即常说的“从句”。由一个主句和一个（或几个）从句构成的句子叫主从复合句。在复合句中，我们是根据从句在整个句子屮所充当的成分来给复合句命名的。如：主语从句，宾语从句，定语从句，等等。所有的复合句中，“主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句”，他们的从句有名词性特征，因此合称为“名词性从句”。
名词性从句的引导词引导词是否在名词性从句屮充当成分的情况
充当成分：连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whichever,
不从当成分：连接副词：when, where, why, how, however
只起连接的作用：that, if/whether, because （that引导的名词性从句，既不作任何成分，也无意义，只是表明从句是一种陈述语气,起个连接作用：if不能引导表语从句和同位语从句，if引导主语从句时不能置于句首，if引导宾语从句吋，只能置于及物动词后，不能置于介词后；because只能引导表语从句）
㈠主语从句（用作主语的从句叫做主语从句）
1. that从句作主语
That引导的主语从句可位于句首直接作主语；也可以位于句末，用it作形式主语；
①That we are invited to a concert this evening is a piece of good news for us.
②It is obvious that the earth is round.
2. whether/if （是否）从句作主语同样可放句首或句末，但放句首只能用whether,不能用if.
?Whether we shall go or stay , is uncertain.
②It was not known whether/if he would ask.
3. whoever, whichever, whatever, however 弓|导主语从句只能放句首。
?Who will be sent abroad has not been decided.
②It is a mystery how you are going to do it.
③It is not yet clear who was responsible for the accident.
@It is his own affair where he goes on Sunday.
?Whoever is here gets a prize.
㈡表语从句（用作表语的从句叫表语从句，是对主语进行解释，使主语内容具体化。
①My trouble is that I do not have much experience in this kind of work?
②My suggestion is that we should do this by turns.
l.That引导表语从句，不可省略that; \vh-引导的从句作表语。（分别在句中作相应成分，不可用if引导）?That is what we should do. That is where our basic interest （利益）1 ies.
②The trouble is that he misunderstood me
③The problem is who should be responsible for the project.
④That is how they learned a foreign language?
⑤The city is no longer what （过去白勺情形或样子）it was ten years ago.
2.当句子的主语是：advice, demand, decisi on, desire, idea, in si ste nce，instructi on, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish 等名词卩寸，表语从句须用虚拟语气，即:should +dOo 如：My advice is that you should go to apologize to him.我的建议是你应该去向他道歉。
㈢宾语从句（用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句），既可作及物动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语。
1?作及物动词的宾语：
①They demandcd that he should leave the country within 24 hours?
②Could you tell me where the post office is?
③We must fing out who did all of this.
④T do not know whether/!f those figures are correct.
2.当宾语太长吋，为了使句子保持平衡，通常用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语置后。
①I think it puzzling when the bank was robbed?
②I put it to you whether/if that is the best solution of the problem.
有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it （双宾语）
这类动词主要有：hate, take, owe, have, see to. award, lend, hand, mai 1, offer, pass, pay, post, read, return, show, teach, tell
如：I hate it when they say with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.
3.若宾语从句是wh-类，则不可用it代替
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.
我们都认为你所说的是不可信的。
4.作介词的宾语：（介词后的宾语从句不可用if引导）
This thi ng dep ends on whether he is coming or not.
5.介词之后一般跟that引导的宾语从句，故需用it作形式宾语。
①You can write about it that people should protect our planet.
②T am sorry for what T have said.
③He said nothing about how the work was to be done?
6.某些形容词（常用certain/sure/afraid）后也可以接宾语从句（由that引导的较多）
?1 am sure that he wil pass the exam.
②lie was surprised that his friends would not believe him.
7?在宾语从句中用于suggest, propose, move, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command 等动词
后的宾语从句中，表间接的命令和建议。其谓语形式是"(should) +动词原形〃。如:
I suggest that we (should) go swimming.
㈣同位语从句(与其前的某名词可以相等，说明该名词所表示的内容)
1.这些词通常是：fact, news, idea, thought, problem, question, reply, report, remark, order, instruction, impression, suggesti
2?同位语从句可用that引导,wh-引导, 不可以用if和which引导。
①The news that he intended to come gave us much pleasure.
②The question whether we noed help has not been considered.
③The fact has to be faced that the nearest gas station is 30km away.
3.当句子的主语是：advice, demand, decision, desire, idea, insistence, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish等名词时，同位语从句须用虚拟语气,
BP：should +do o如:
His advice is right that we should help the disabled.
on, truth, belief, condition, doubt, hope??-
注：以下情况的主语从句只能用it作形式主语
1.Tt is sald/reported/believed/certain*** it happens/occurs.. it is does not
matter..含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时:is it important what he said is right?
2.并列的宾语从句，且由that引导时，只可以省略第一个that.
3.在名词性从句中，都可以用that引导，但that都无含义，且不作成分。然而只有在宾语从句和放句中的主语从句中that才可以省略。
4.任何的复合句中，从句的语序须是陈述语序。
名词性从句
一、单项选择（共50小题；共50分）
1.1 made a promise to myself ______________________ this year, my first year in high school, would be
d iff er
e nt.
A. whether
B. what 2. The fact has worried many scientists warmer these years ?
C. that
D. though we should do something to stop air pollution.
A. where
B. why
C. what
D. which
4. To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions ___________________________ had used the products. A. whoever
B. who
C ? whichever
D ? which
5. — I wonder ___________________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years ? ?- By working out every day. A. where
B. how
C. why
D. if
6. — I prefer shutti ng myself in and listeni ng to music all day on Sun days ?
-一
That's ___________________ I don't agree ? You should have a more active life ?
A. where
B. how
C. when
D. what
7. It doesrVt matter ___________________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store ?
A. how
B. whether
C. what
D. why 8. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on ____________________________ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives.
A. what
B. who
C. how
D. why
9. There is clear evidenee ____________________ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.
A. what
B. if
C. how
D. that 10. rd like to start my own business —that's _______________________ I'd do if I had the money.
A. why
B. when
C. which
D. what
11. There is much truth in the idea ______________________ kindness is usually served by frankness ?
A. why
B. which
C. that D ? whether
12. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ___________________________ suits you
best. A. whatever
B ? whichever
C ? whenever
D ? wherever
13. Some people care much about their appears nee and always ask if they look fine
jn __________________ they are wearing.
A. that
B. what
C. how
D. which 14. It is still under discussion ______________________ the old bus station should be replaced with a
modern hotel or not.
A. whether
B. when
C. which
D. where 15. _________________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
C. that
D. how
________________ the earth is becoming warmer and A. what
3? The exhibition tells us
B. which
A. That
B. What
C. Who
D. Which
16. It is difficult for us to imagine ______________________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
A. where
B. what
C. which
D. why
17. The famous scientist has been working hard since childhood ? That is __________________________ he has
gained so many achievements. A. because
B. what
C. how
D. why
18. ■一 Have you finished the book?
D. what she'll accept it. A. where
B. what
C. whether
23. Part of the reas on Charles Dicke ns loved his own no vel, David Copperfield,
was __________________ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A. what
B. that
C. why
D. whether 24. The best moment for the football star was _______________________ he scored the winning goal. A. where B. when C. how D. why
25. News came from the school office _______________________ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing
Un iversity.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. where
26. The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for ____________________________ he could
find about Mark Twain. A. wherever
B ? however
C. whatever
D. whichever
27. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ____________________________ you are
better than anyone else on the sports field.
A. how
B. that
C. which
D. whether 28. Exactly __________________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was
probably around 1565. A. whether
B. why
C. when
D. how
29. _________________ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others ? A. Whether B. What C. That D. How
30??一 Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
■一
Yeah, but I have no idea ____________________ he did it; that's one of his favorite universities.
A. when
B. why
C. that
D. how
31. The shocking news made me realize ______________________ terrible problems we would face ?
―No. I've read up to ______________ A. which B. what 19. One reason for her preferenee for city life
the children discover the secret cave.
C. that
IS
D ? where
she can have easy access to
places like shops and restaurants. A. that B. how
20.…I told you that he would come to see you. C. what D. why
…Actually I had little doubt
it was true.
C. since A. whether B. that 21. ?一 Are you firmly against any independence move by Taiwan?
D. if
Of course. That is
our basic interest lies.
A. why
B. when 22. We've offered her the job, but I don't know
C. where
research.
A. whether
B. if
C. that
44. H Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.11 This is _
me.
A. what
B. how
C. that
D. whether 45. It is uncertain ___________________ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two
thousand patients have taken it.
A. that
B. what
C. how
D. whether
46. — What a mess! You are always so lazy!
?一
not to blame, mum. I am _________________________ you have made me.
A. what
B. how
32. We should consider the students" request
C. that
D. why
the school library provide more
books on popular scienee.
A. that
B. when 33. As John Lennon once said, life is
C. which
D. where
_ happens to you while you are busy making
other plans. A. which 34.
A. Where 35-
B. that
C. what
D. where
we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
B. How
C. Why
D. When
Li Bai z a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won't
accept it.
A. That
B. Why
C. Where 36. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt __________________
D. How
he could have expressed it
d iff er
e ntly. A. why 37.
B. how
C. that
D. whether
the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
A. Why
B. When
C. That
D. What 38. — Is there any possibility _____________________ you could pick me up at the airport? …No problem.
A. when
B. that 39. It is not immediately clear ________
A. since B ? what
C ? when
40. The no tice came aro und two in the after noon
C. whether
D. what the financial crisis will soon be over. D. whether the meeting would
be
postponed. A. when 41.
B. that
C. whether
one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
A. Whoever
B. Whatever
C. Whichever
42.…Why do you think the film star is getting less popular?
D ? how D ? Wherever
I guess the way she wears is __________ A. which B. where 43. The question came up at the meeting annoys her fa ns most. C. how
D. what
we had not eno ugh money to do the
D. what
my mother used to tell
A. how
B. what
C. that
D. who
47. From space, the earth looks blue? This is ______________________ about seventy-one percent of its
surface is covered by water.
A. why
B. how
C. because
D. whether
48. Some people believe ____________________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat
itself in the future.
49. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of _________________________ he can react more appropriately on
such occasions.
A. what
B. which
50. At first he hated the new job but
see it got any better.
A. when
B. how
答案
一、单项选择
l.C 2.C 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. D 11.C 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. B 16. B 17. D 1& D 19. A 20. B 21.C 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C 36. C 37. B 38. B 39. D 40. B 41.C 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. B
46. B 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. D
C. that
D. how decided to give himself a few mon ths
C. why
D. if
A. whatever
B. whenever
C. wherever D? however
【宾语从句】 在英语中，有简单句(只含一个谓语动词)、并列句(用连词连接，含不止一个谓语动词)和复合句(含从句)。本节课我们复习复合句里面的宾语从句 ．．．．。 如：She knows that he will come back soon. I’m afraid that I can’t go to your party. 1.宾语从句的【引导词】 宾语从句的引导词分三种。 ●(1) 如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that.（that在口语中常省略） 主句：He says... 从句：He is tired of playing computer games. → He says that he is tired of playing computer games. ●(2) 如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether，表示“是否”。 主句：I don’t know… 从句：Does Tom likes fish? → I don’t know if / whether Tom likes fish. 【注意】① whether引导的从句常与or not连用，而if不能； ②宾语从句可简化为whether to do的搭配，而没有if to do这种搭配. 如：Could you tell me whether I should finish my homework today or not? Could you tell me whether to finish my homework today? 【拓展】if有两个意思： 1. 表示“是否”，引导的是宾语从句。动词的时态视情况而定。 2. 表示“如果”，引导的是条件状语从句，时态用一般现在时表示将来（遵循“主将从现”规则）。 经典例题：--Do you know if Tom ____________(go) hiking with us ? --I’m not sure. But i f he ____________(go), I will take many photos with him . ●(3) 如果从句是特殊疑问句，直接用该疑问词来引导。 主句：Do you know… 从句：what does he want to buy? → Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么吗？ 2. 宾语从句的【时态】 ■(1) 当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态 如：She wants to know if I have finished my homework. 她想知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。 Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？ ■(2) 当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去的某时态 如：He said that she was singing. 他说她正在唱歌。 She wanted to know if I had finished my homework. 她想知道我是否已经完成了作业。 Did you know when he would come back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？ 【注意】格言和客观真理总是用一般现在时。 如：She told me yesterday (that) the earth travels around the sun.
专题十名词性从句 第一节基本知识与基本概念 【什么是名词性从句？】 顾名思义，主语从句在句子中作主语。有时本身出现在主语的位置上，也有时出于句子结构的考虑退到句子的尾部，前面用形式主语it代替。从句作主语时，谓语动词一般为单数形式。如: What I saw was beyond any verbal description. That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit. Why the company denied the contract is still unknown. When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion. It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing. It remains to be seen whether the new novel will be well received. 【宾语从句】 在句子中作宾语的从句就是宾语从句。由于这是同学们接触比较早的一种从句，应该问题不大。所以在近年的高考题中，以宾语从句的知识作为考点的题目较少。但是，宾语从句也有自己的特殊情况，如介词的宾语，形容词的宾语，宾语从句提前和并列的宾语从句等现象。如： We assumed that there would be more than 100 guests. He told the police in detail what he saw and heard. Nobody is sure what humans will look like in a million years. That will depend on whether they can get the chance. Whether I will have the time I am not sure at the moment. The conductor complained that we were not gifted in singing and that he would never come again. 【表语从句】 表语从句的最重要脸谱就是它们应该出现在系动词的后面。如： The only question left is how often the workers are paid. His idea for the coming weekend is that we go skating. 【同位语从句】 从脸谱上看，同位语从句最为麻烦。因为它们也是出现在一个名词的后面，起着解释说明的作用。
名词性从句 名词性从句指在复合句中起名词作用的从句，它在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。名词性从句既是中学英语教学的重点，也是高考考查的热点。 一、名词性从句的分类 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。其连接词有that, if, whether；连接代词who, what, which；连接副词when, where, how, why等。 考查热点一：对主语从句的考查 主语从句在复合句中充当主语，它可以放在主句谓语动词之前。但为了保持句子平衡，多数情况下可用it作形式主语，而把主语从句置于句尾。 考查热点二：对宾语从句的考查 宾语从句在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。如果主句的谓语动词是及物动make, find, see, think等，则把宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后，用it作形式宾语。另外，某些作表语的形容词，如sure, happy, glad, certain 等之后也可以带宾语从句。 考查热点三：对表语从句的考查 表语从句在句子中作表语，位于主句中的系动词之后。 一、什么是表语（predicative） 在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。即是指“是”字句“是”字后面的成分。表语就是起表述作用的句子成分。它修饰的是主语。表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的。表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语。表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、动词的-ed、从句来充当，它常位于连系动词（be, become, appear, seem等）之后。 Albert Einstein was a famous professor of physics.
表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1)从属连词that。在从句中不做成分。如：The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦是 我把他的地址丢了。The reason was that he was late for school. (2)从属连词whether,as,as if。如： (3)looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。 (4)question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 (5)注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： (6)All this was over twenty years ago, but it’s as if it was only yesterday. (7)这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。 The key is whether we can solve the problem.注：能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look，sound等。如： (8)He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 在表语从句中做主语、宾语等。如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 (9)That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 The problem is who we can get to replace her. (10)我想问的是谁离开了。My question is who left. 连接副词where, when, how, why。 What I wonder is when he left. 我想知道他是何时离开的。 This is where they once lived. 这就是他们曾经住过的地方。 That is why he didn't come here. The question is how he did it. (11)连词because可引导表语从句。如： (12)I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 It's just because he doesn't know her. (13)T hat's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我.(That's because...强调原因) (14)T hat's why he got angry with me.那正是他对我生气的原因。(That's why...强调结果) (15)在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： (16)M y suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
高考英语主语从句 定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。引导主语从句的连接词有： 从属连词: that, whether； 连接代词: who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)和which (whichever)； 连接副词: when, where, how和why。 连接词： 1. 从属连词：that，whether 1）that引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略。2）whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。由whether引导的名词从句做主语，表语，介词宾语，同位语时！不可用if代替。 a.That price will go up is certain. b. Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 2. 连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。 Which side will win is not clear. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Whatever he did is right. Who killed the scientist remains a question. 1）What和that引导的主语从句的区别：that 只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，没有意思。What 不仅起引导作用，还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语)，意思是：“什么”。 What we need is money. That he will come is certain. 2）whatever / whoever的用法（~ever=no matter ~---让步状语从句中） whatever / whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anything that; whoever 相当于anyone who。例如: Whoever(Anyone who) wants to enter into this school must take the exam. Whatever(Anything that) she did was right. 3. 连接副词when，where，how，why等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。How this happened is not clear to anyone. When he will be back depends on the weather. When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon. Where the test will be given is not yet decided. 4. 主语从句后置：为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例: That we shall be late is certain. -- It’s certain that we shall be late. 1）用it 作形式主语的结构 A. It + be + 形容词+ that 从句 (obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.) 如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. B. It + be + 名词词组+ that 从句(an honour, a fact, a pity, etc）如： It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是… It is a fact that… …是事实It is common knowledge that… …是常识 It’s a pity that we can’t go. C. It + be + 过去分词+ that 从句(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc。）如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. D. It + 不及物动词或短语+ that 从句( seem，happen, doesn’t matter ,turn out）。如： It happened that I was out that day. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 2) 对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从
2014-2018年高考英语名词性从句真题汇编 1.(2018·全国卷III) I’m not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. 2.By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.(2018 江苏，21) A. where B. when C. why D. how 3.Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.(2018 北京，11) A. how B. when C. where D. why 4.This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.(2018 北京，15) A. how B. which C. that D. what 5. The gold medal will be awarded to ___________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.(2018 天津，9) A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatever 6.(2017天津) She asked me_____ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't. A. When B.where C.whether D.what 7.(2017江苏)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to$20, half of _____ it used to charge. A. That B. Which C.what D. how 8.(2017北京23)Every year, _____ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. A. Whatever B. Whoever C. Whomever D. whichever 9.(2017北京26) Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing _____ she was heading. A. Why B. Where C. How D. when 10．(2016·全国Ⅰ，短文改错)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I love.________ 11．(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.________ 12.【2016·北京】24.Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps. A. However B. Whoever C. Whatever D. Wherever 13.【2016·北京】29. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust. A. what B. that C. whether D. why 14.【2016·江苏】21.It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. A.why B.what C.as D.that 15.【2016·天津】11. The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too
名词性从句 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。主语从句：Who will win the match is still unknown. 宾语从句：I want to know what he has told you. 表语从句：The fact is that we have lost the game. 同位语从句：The news that we won the game is exciting. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if 连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever 连接副词：when ,where ,how ,why Object Clauses 宾语从句 一、宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 位置：通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 句子结构：主句+连词(引导词)+ 宾语从句 e.g. She asked if these answers were right. We can learn what we do not know. He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A. I don’t know where we will hold the meeting. 通过观察，我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 1)Could you tell me______. A. you will get here when B. when will you get here C. get here when you will D. when you will get here 2) Mother asked his son what ______for lunch at school. A. did he had B. does he had C. he has D. he had 3) Pointing to the young plant, he asked me ____ that was the one we had seen in the picture. A. what B. if C. where D. how 二、连接词 1、从属连接词(不充当从句的任何成分)：that ,whether ,if 1）、I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 2）、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us 用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时，it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾）（此时that一定不可以省略）
高考英语定语从句专项讲解 一、考点分析 在上海高考英语中，定语从句的考点主要体现在语法填空、阅读、翻译和作文等题型里。 二、专题详解 I、概念 1、先行词：被从句所修饰的或，尤其在非限制性定语从句中，先行词不仅仅是一个词还有可能是。 Keys:定语、名词、代词、一整个句子。 2、关系代词 3、关系副词
4、介词+which/whom 它们的常见结构有： (1) 介词+which/whom This is the famous singer about whom we have often talked. (2) 名词+of+ which/whom Please pass me the book the cover of which is blue. (3) 数词+of+ which/whom She’s got three lucky pens, two of which she never uses. (4) 代词+of +which/whom In the basket I find many apples, some of which have gone bad. (5) 最高级+of + which/whom China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan. 介词的选择根据介词与定语从句中动词的搭配关系；根据介词与前面的名词先行词的搭配关系；同时考虑与动词和名词的搭配关系。还有关系副词的改写。 5、非限制性定语从句 形式上与主句被隔开，关系上是对主句内容 ,限制性的关系词除和外，其他都能应用于非限制定语从句中，特殊的是，which和as的先行词不仅能是一个词或一个短语，还有可能是。 Keys:逗号、补充说明、that、why、一整个句子。 II、定语从句中的特殊情况。 1、只用that不用which的情况。 (1) 当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something也可用which), few, little, all, none, the one, some, much, any等不定代词时，或者是由all，every，each，few，little，much，no，some，any等修饰时用that： 1) Please tell me anything that you know about the matter. 2) You can take any seat that is free. 注意：当先行词为all指人或anyone，everyone，No one，anybody，everybody，somebody 时用who
高中英语表语从句详解 1、概述 用作表语的从句叫作表语从句，它位于主句中的连系动词之后。引导表语从句的词有从属连词that、whether、as though(if)；关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。可以接表语从句的连系动词由be, look, remain, seem等。That引导表语从句时，在口语中，间或可以省略。 The trouble is that we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺。 That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。 At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。 2、由从属连词that，whether引导的表语从句。 that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题)，trouble(麻烦)，problem(问题)，result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。 The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱。 The question is whether we need more ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。
高考英语宾语从句专题讲解 一、定义和宾从例句分析 宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语。 A 作动词的宾语: I heard the news. I heard that he would come here later on. B 作介词的宾语: He said nothing about the plan. He said nothing about who broke the window last night. 二、带有宾语从句的复合句的构成 带有宾语从句的复合句就是用连接词把一个主句和一个宾语从句连接在一起。 连接词有：that(可省略)，what, who, when, where, why, which, if, whether, how. 1 He suggested (that) we should clean the corridor every day. 宾语 2 He told me (that) he would leave Dalian airport at 8pm. 间接宾语直接宾语 3 He told me where he was going to travel that summer. 间接宾语直接宾语 4 He wanted to know what the manager had said at the meeting. 在例子4中，当主句是过去时态时（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时），从句根据不同情况必须使用过去时态的一种，（大自然的现象和真理除外）。
5 He is wanting to know what I can cook for dinner. 在例子5中，当主语是现在时态时（一般现在时，现在进行时，一般将来时，现在完成时），从句可根据不同情况使用各种时态。 时态： 1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。 3.主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。 三、宾语从句的连接词 从属连词 连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句. He told me that he would go to the college the next year I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 连接代词 连接代词：who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whoever, whatever, whichever等. 连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述. Do you know who has won the game? I don’t know whom you should depend on. The book will show you what the best CEOs know.. Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?连接副词
英语名词性从句十大考点全攻略 Who/whoever，what/whatever等的用法区别 一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意义，意为“无论什么/无论谁”。 Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants. A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 解析：答案是B，whatever引导一个宾语从句，并且作wants 的宾语。这里的whatever不能改成what，因为题意想表达的显然是“无论孩子要什么就给他/她什么事不明智的”，具有泛指的概念。同时要注意，这里whatever也不能改用nomatterwhat，因为后者只能引导状语从句。比较下例： Ican’trememberatthemomentwhohassaidthewords.(这里的who表特定的某人) Where，when，why等连接副词引导的名词性从句 Where，when，why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑要求。 —IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek. —Isthat____youhadafewdaysoff？ A.why B.when C.that D.where 解析：答案是A，why引导的从句作表语，同时why在从句中作原因状语。这里之所以选why，而不是when或where等，唯一的依据便是句子的逻辑含义，及语境。
“介词+who(m)引导的宾语从句”与“介词+whom”引导的定语从句的区别 介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾格，决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。 Itwasamatterof____wouldtaketheposition. A.who B.whoever C.whom D.whomever 解析：答案是A。这是一个含宾语从句的复合句，作介词of宾语的，是后面的整个句子，而不是宾语从句的引导词，由于这里引导词在从句中作主语，所以要用主格who(作宾语时自然要用whom)。 名词性从句中有插入成分时 此时应注意两点：一是从句仍然不倒装，而在插入成分上倒装；二是要注意主语的主格和宾格的选择。 ____youhaveseenbothfighters，____willwin？ A.Since；doyouthinkwho B.As；whoyouthink C.When；whoever D.Since；whodoyouthink 解析：根据上面的讲解，不难知道答案是D。其中doyouthink 是插入成分，其余部分是宾语从句，作think的宾语；由于引导词在从句中作主语，所以要用主格who(不用whom)。 引导词that的省略 引导宾语从句时，that通常可以省略，但引导主语、表语和同位语从句时，that不能省。例如：
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13. I’d . (2006年山东模拟题) A. B. C. D. 14. , a . A. B. C. D. 15. — ? —. ’s . A. B. C. D. 高考趋势与重点 名词性从句在历年地高考中几乎都有所涉及，并且每年地命题各有变化。近年来地高考试题更侧重于在一定地语言环境下考查熟练使用英语语序和关联词地能力。因此，在平时地备考复习中我们除了牢固掌握基础知识外，还要多注意一定语境下基础知识地运用。 一、在名词性从句中得用法： 1.…(虚拟语气) .5 2.…（现在完成时） 3.() … …(虚拟语气) 4.(, , , , ,…) … 5. a (a , , , , a , , a …) … 6.…; …; . …; 7.(, , , , …) …; 8.(, ) …(虚拟语气)…
表语从句讲解及专项练习 概念：表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。 可以接表语从句的系动词有： 1：be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were) 2: feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell 3: stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay 4: become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run, fall 5: prove, turn out The trouble is that we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺。 That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅 栏的原因。 At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。 引导表语从句的词： 从属连词that、whether、as though、as if（That引导表语从句时，在口语中，间或可以省略。） 关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等； 关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。 由从属连词that，whether引导的表语从句。 that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题)，trouble(麻烦)，problem(问题)，result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。例如： The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱。 The question is whether we need more ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。 The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。 我们不能理解越来越少的学What she couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 生对他的课不感兴趣。 由关系代词引导的表语从句。 关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词不能省略。例如：The question is which of us should go.问题是我们哪一个应该去。 The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作。 That's what he is worrying about.那就是他在担心的事。That's what we should do.那是我们应该做的。 由关系副词引导的表语从句。 关系副词when, where, how, why 除在句子起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间，地点，方式或原因状语，本身具有词 义。例如：Go and get your coat. It's where you left it. 去把雨衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。 why I g ot wet through. 我们既没伞也没雨衣，这是我们淋湿的原因。 I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’s That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。 That is what he is worried about.那就是他所担心的。 由连词because，as if/as though等引导的表语从句。 It looked as if it was going to snow.看起来好像要下雪了。 That's because we never thought of it.这是因为我们从未想过此事。 好像他不知道答案。 It seems as if he didn’t know the answer. 注意 A. 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。 False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel. Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. B. 不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether 位于介词后要用whether 位于句首时要用whether。引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用whether。 False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us. Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.