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2014年上海崇明县高三英语二模(附答案)

2014年上海崇明县高三英语二模(附答案)
2014年上海崇明县高三英语二模(附答案)

上海市崇明县2014届高三4月高考模拟

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

(A)

Senator Jeff Flake, an adventurous politician, went on a four-day Robinson Crusoe style holiday with his two sons, (25)_____ of whom are teenagers, to a remote, uninhabited island in the North Pacific Ocean. They traveled 5,200 miles from Phoenix, Arizona to the island of Biggarenn. They didn’t carry any food or water.

The island is part of the Marshall Islands. It offered no basic facilities, (26)_____ the Flakes had to catch and cook their own food and purify their water. Their diet (27)_____(make) up of coconuts (椰子), fish and other seafood. They captured the fish and other sea creatures themselves and cooked the food over an open fire (28)_____(start) with a magnifying glass (放大镜).

The Flakes brought along a lobster (龙虾) trap in hopes of having some delicious treats, but it was lost within the first few hours after (29)_____(attack) by a shark. They also carried two pumps to remove salt from ocean water. It took them hours each night (30)_____ (pump) for just a small amount of fresh water.

One of the most memorable moments of the trip, the father said, was (31)_____ he and his 15-year-old son were chased by sharks after catching a fish in the ocean.

Still, it was quite (32)_____ enjoyable holiday for the politician. “For a dad it was a wonderful thing. No video games around, no television, no texting,” Flake recalled.

(B)

Count to three and rip (撕) it off as fast as you can—this is how most people remove a band-aid (创可贴).

(33)_____ _____ _____ fast you do it, it’s still going to be painful. That’s for sure. Or is it?

A group of American scientists from Boston have just developed a band-aid that can be taken off without causing pain, reports the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Traditional band-aids are supposed to break apart (34)_____ the skin meets the glue, which is what makes taking them off so painful. But the new band-aid has an extra layer that sits (35)_____ the glue and the backing. When you tear off the band-aid, you remove the backing and middle layers, (36)_____(leave) the glue behind. The glue (37)_____ then be simply rubbed off with one’s fingers or left to fall off naturally. Importantly, this process is pain-free.

This is not the first time scientists (38)_____(try) to solve this problem. But methods they tried in the past led to band-aids that were (39)_____(sticky) and therefore didn’t stay on for long.

The Boston study was first aimed at helping babies (40)_____ skin is too delicate for standard band-aids. But adults with sensitive skin might also enjoy the benefits.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that

A new report by the World Health Organization (WHO) reveals that around one in a hundred deaths worldwide is due to passive smoking, which kills an estimated 600,000 people a year.

In the first study to assess the global __41__ of second-hand smoke, WHO experts find that children are more __42__ exposed to second-hand smoke than any other age-group, and around 165,000 of them a year die because of it.

Children’s exposure to second-hand smoke is most likely to happen at home, and the double blow of infectious diseases and tobacco seems to be a deadly __43__ for children in these regions. Commenting on the findings, Heather Wipfli and Jonathan Samet from the University of Southern California, said policymakers try to __44__ families to stop smoking in the home.

While deaths due to passive smoking in children were skewed (曲解) toward poor and middle-income countries, deaths in adults were __45__ across countries at all income levels.

In Europe’s high-income countries, only 71 child deaths occurred, while 35,388 deaths were in adults. Yet in the countries like Africa, an estimated 43,375 deaths due to passive smoking were in children __46__ with 9,514 in adults.

Only 7.4 percent of the world population currently lives in places with __47__ smoke-free laws, and those laws are not always __48__ enforced (施行). In places where smoke-free rules are __49__, research shows that exposure to second-hand smoke in high-risk places like bars and restaurants can be cut by 90 percent, and in general by 60 percent, the researchers said.

Studies also show such laws help to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked by smokers and lead to higher __50__ rates in those trying to quit.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Due to rising pollution and a strengthening yuan, Beijing saw its tourist numbers drop to 4.20 million visits from January to November in 2013 from 5.01 million visits in 2012.

The number of overseas travelers to Beijing grew after the city hosted the 2008 Olympics until 2012, when it saw a 3.8% __51__, followed by the further drop last year. The unexpected drop in 2013 came __52__ new policies introduced in a(n) __53__ to support China’s tourism industry. But only 14,000 tourists __54__ the visa-free stopover, according to the Beijing General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection, well short of the 20,000 target officials had __55__ predicted.

Jiang Yiyi, deputy director of the Institute of International Tourism at the China Tourism Academy, __56__ part of the drop-off in foreign tourists to the strengthening yuan.

In 2013, the yuan increased almost 3% against the U.S. dollar, making “Beijing a more expensive __57__ than in the past”, Jiang Yiyi noted.“At the same time,” she said, “other countries have seen their tourist numbers grow as the currencies (货币) __58__. While RMB is on the rise, currencies from some of China’s __59__ for tourism, such as Japan, are depreciating (贬值), meaning travel to some other Asian countries has been getting cheaper while travel to China is becoming more expensive,” Jiang Yiyi said.In 2013, the Japanese yen fell 21% against the U.S. dollar, __60__ 10 million overseas tourists.

The Beijing Tourism Development Commission noted that the country’s battle with pollution is another __61__ cities face in attracting overseas tourists.

Heavy air pollution from Beijing to Shanghai, where pollution levels went off the charts in December, __62__ don’t do much to help attract tourists. China’s tourism officials are expecting to __63__ the trend of declining overseas visitors in 2014 — possible, experts say, if it __64__ its outdated tour packages and lowers ticket prices.

Jiang Yiyi at the China Tourism Academy suggests China adopt a long-term national plan to __65__ the country’s image and investment in overseas tourism to attract more visitors.

51. A. growth B. decline C. change D. influence

52. A. in addition to B. by means of C. as a result of D. in spite of

53. A. attempt B. agreement C. hurry D. mood

54. A. got familiar with B. came up with C. took advantage of D. put emphasis on

55. A. fortunately B. frequently C. previously D. occasionally

56. A. devoted B. owed C. attached D. exposed

57. A. destination B. tourism C. authority D. association

58. A. reform B. collapse C. stabilize D. weaken

59. A. competitors B. supporters C. investors D. reminders

60. A. inspiring B. attracting C. disappointing D. embarrassing

61. A. opportunity B. situation C. obstacle D. alternative

62. A. relevantly B. approximately C. dramatically D. certainly

63. A. set B. reverse C. confirm D. follow

64. A. revises B. sells C. excludes D. demonstrates

65. A. create B. keep C. damage D. improve

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

On “Super Bowl Sunday”, millions of Americans are glued to their TVs. They are eating pizza, chicken wings and chips and cheering every move. They’re watching the Super Bowl.

Why are Americans so crazy about American football? Well, it is more exciting than other sports. One team can lose possession of the ball in a minute, which may allow their opponents to make a touchdown (触地得分). Then that team may win the game unexpectedly.

The Super Bowl also entertains its audience with a great halftime show. The football field is turned into a stage. Then an impressive performance of dancing and singing with special effects occurs.

Since the Super Bowl is the most-watched TV program in America, commercial airtime is also very expensive. Big money is also spent on commercials. They draw the viewers’ attention and advertise their image or products during the commercial break.

After football season, the “March Madness”begins. The NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) competitions begin with 68 men’s college basketball teams. They play until the field is reduced to the “Final Four”. The winning team becomes the national champion. The NBA (National Basketball Association) All-Star game is also held in February. The best players from all the teams play in this game.

Baseball is no doubt American’s national sport. From grandpas to young kids, whole families go to ball games

together. They wear their favorite team’s caps or even carry their mascot (吉祥物). Our family went to watch Wang Chien-Ming play in D.C. once. We ate hot dogs, waved flags and sang during the 7th inning (棒球的一局) stretch.

If you are not a sports fan yet, come and pick a sport or a team. Go to a ball game with your family, and cheer your team on. Sports are definitely a part of American culture one should not miss.

66. According to the passage, the Super Bowl is _____.

A. a well-received American football game

B. an expensive American sport

C. an impressive TV performance

D. a most-watched TV series

67. Which of the following may be one of the reasons for the popularity of the Super Bowl?

A. Its results are too exciting to meet viewers’ expectations.

B. People can eat pizza, chicken wings and chips when watching it.

C. Its commercials are expensive enough to draw viewer s’ attention.

D. The performances during its halftime show are appealing to viewers.

68. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Americans spend a large amount of money on ball games.

B. American people of all ages like going to watch baseball games.

C. All the American stars take part in the national basketball game.

D. There are important national ball games in America almost every month.

69. The passage is mainly written to _____.

A. inform readers of the three popular sports in America

B. teach readers how to understand the sports culture in America

C. encourage readers to fit in with American culture through sports

D. show readers the importance of sports in young people’s life in America

70. Which of the following steps can be omitted if you want the robot to charge itself automatically?

A. Press the HOME button on the remote control.

B. Clear up the place around the charging home base.

C. Turn on the power switch at the bottom of the robot.

D. Put the charging home base against the wall and plug it in.

71. If it’s 9:45PM now and you want the robot to start cleaning at 8:00AM tomorrow, you should set _____ on the robot.

A. 13:45

B. 10:15

C. 8:00

D. 1:45

72. If you want the robot to start cleaning right now, you can _____.

A. keep pressing the CLEAN button on the main body for 3 seconds

B. press either of PLAN, SPOT, CLEAN and HOME buttons on the main body

C. turn on the power switch and press the CLEAN button on the remote control once

D. press the CLEAN button on the main body once when the robot is in the sleeping mode

73. The virtual wall is designed to _____.

A. limit the robot to a certain area

B. prevent the robot from bumping into walls

C. stop the robot from reaching 4 meters

D. create a bunch of light outside the doorway

(C)

We have entered a new age of embedded (嵌入式的), intuitive (直觉的) computing in which our homes, cars, stores, farms, and factories have the ability to think, sense, understand, and respond to our needs. It’s not science fiction, bu t the dawn of a new age.

Most people might not realize it yet, but we are already feeling the impact of what’s known as the third wave of computing. In small but significant ways it is helping us live healthier and more secure lives. If you drive a 2014 Me rcedes Benz, for example, an “intelligent” system tries to keep you from hitting a pedestrian. A farmer in Nigeria relies on weather sensors that communicate with his mobile device. Forgot your medicine? A new pill bottle from AdhereTech reminds you through text or automatic phone messages that it’s time to take a pill.

Technology is being integrated (融入) into our natural behaviors, with real-time data connecting our physical and digital worlds. With this dramatic shift in our relationship to technology, companies can adapt their products and services.

To understand how revolutionary the third wave is, we ought to consider how far we have come. The first wave began when companies started to manage their operations through mainframe computer systems over 50 years ago. Then computing got “personal” in the 1980s and the 1990s with the introduction of the PC (personal computer). For the most part, computing remained immobile and lacked contextual awareness.

In computing’s second wave, mobile computing and the sma rtphone took center stage. Billions of people, some of whom might not have had access to clean water, electricity, or even housing, were connected. Developers created applications and provided consumers with access to just about everything through their phone at the cost of a monthly data plan.

As the third wave keeps developing, designers must meet the demands of consumers who want to experiment with new technology.

Historically, designers have focused their attention on a product’s form and function. Whil e that still matters, of course, the definition of a meaningful user experience has expanded significantly and will continue to do so. Instead of creating a single product, designers will need to imagine a series of connected products and services that have awareness of each other and their surroundings.

74. Why are three examples given in Paragraph 2?

A. To tell us that human beings are smarter and smarter.

B. To illustrate the importance and necessity of technology.

C. To prove that we are living healthier and more secure lives.

D. To show the impact of the third wave of computing on our life.

75. In the first wave of computing _____.

A. companies’ operations were reliable on computer systems

B. computing had awareness of people’s needs in the context

C. people could have access to computing almost everywhere

D. it was possible for people to experience computing at home

76. Which of the following is a situation in the third wave of computing?

A. There’s no need to create a single product.

B. The definition of the user experience is more significant.

C. Products and services are not independent of each other.

D. The products’ form and functions are no longer important.

77. What can we conclude from the passage about the new age we are facing?

A. There’s a shift of attention from people’s physical worlds to their digital worlds.

B. There’s closer relationship between technology and people’s natural behaviours.

C. People live more happily with the convenience brought by advanced technology.

D. People become lazier with the products that can think and respond to their needs.

Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

How many hours do you spend sitting in a chair every day? Eight hours in the office plus three hours in front of the TV after work is the usual situation for many people.

You probably don’t need an expert to tell you that sitting too much is not good for your health —from an increased risk of heart disease and obesity (肥胖) in the long term, to reduced cholesterol (胆固醇) maintenance in the short term, not to mention the pressure on your neck and spine (脊柱).

To make matters worse, a growing body of research suggests that the negative effects of sitting too much cannot be countered with a good diet and regular exercise, according to an article in The New York Times. The article reported that a study of nearly 9, 000 Australians found that for each additional hour of television a person watched per day, the risk of dying rose by 11 percent. In other words, sitting is killing us.

Stand up for health. Health experts suggest we break up those many hours spent sitting with more hours spent standing.

The BBC and the University of Chester in the UK conducted a simple experiment with a small group of 10 volunteers who usually spent most of the day sitting. They were asked to stand for at least three hours a day. The researchers took measurements on days when the volunteers stood, and when they sat around. When they looked at the data, there were some striking differences. Blood sugar became level after a meal much quicker on the days when the volunteers in the study stood compared with the days they spent in a chair. Standing also burned more calories (热量单位:卡路里)—about 50 calories an hour. Over the course of a year that would add up to about 30, 000 extra calories, or around 3.63 kilograms of fat.

John Buckley, a member of the research team, said that although doing exercise offers many proven benefits, our bodies also need the constant, almost imperceptible (感觉不到的) increase in muscle activity that standing provides. Simple movement helps us to keep our all-important blood sugar under control.

The researchers believe that even small adjustments, like standing while talking on the phone, going over to talk to a colleague rather than sending an e-mail, or simply taking the stairs instead of the elevator, will help.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

78. According to the context, the underlined expression “be countered with”in Paragraph 3 can best be replaced by

“________”.

79. The two findings of the simple experiment conducted by the BBC and the University of Chester in the UK are that

standing _________.

80. Why is standing better than doing exercise according to John Buckley?

81. What does the passage mainly want to tell us?

第II卷(共47分)

I. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1. 你认为有必要采取措施保护上海方言吗?(it)

2. 提前做出周密计划可以帮你更有效地完成这项艰巨任务。(advance)

3. 代表受害者,他期望社会给予他们更多的理解和帮助。(behalf)

4. 她的内心深处一直存着一个疑惑,她可能是18年前被父母领养的。(In the depth)

5. 尽管时光荏苒,但和同学们一起为进入理想大学而苦读书的日子仍然是他难忘的记忆。(admit)

II. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

学校图书馆准备新购一批适合高中学生阅读的优秀书籍,为了更好地满足学生的阅读兴趣,图书馆准备从学生中征求建议,假设你是李敏,请你用电子邮件的方式向图书馆负责人张老师推荐一本书,内容包括: 介绍你推荐的书;

阐明推荐理由。

注:邮件中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。

上海市崇明县2014届高三4月高考模拟

II. Grammar and Vocabulary(共26分。每小题1分。)

25. both 26. so/and 27. was made 28. started 29. being attacked

30. to pump 31. when 32. an 33. no matter how 34. where

35. between 36. leaving 37. can 38. have tried 39. less sticky

40. whose

41. C 42. J 43. I 44. K 45. B 46. F 47. A 48. H 49. E 50.G

III. Reading Comprehension(共47分。第51至65小题,每题1分;第66至77小题,每题2分;第78至81小题,每题2分。)

51. B 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. C 56. B 57. A 58. D 59. A 60. B

61. C 62. D 63. B 64. A 65. D

66. A 67. D 68. B 69. C 70. A 71. B 72. C 73. A 74. D 75. D

76. C 77. B

78. be prevented/reduced by

79. helps blood sugar become level quicker and burns more calories

80. Standing provides the constant, almost imperceptible increase in muscle activity. /Standing provides simple

movement that keeps blood sugar under control.

81. People should stand for health instead of sitting too much. / We should spend less time sitting and more time standing.

/ Sitting too much is killing us.

第78至81小题评分标准:

1、内容正确,语法基本正确,得2分。

2、内容基本正确,语法正确或虽有错误,但不影响理解,得1分。

3、即使语法正确,但是内容错误,得0分。

4、答案超过规定字数过多,得0分。

第II卷

I. Translation(共22分)

1. Do you think it (is) necessary to take measures to preserve Shanghai dialect?(1+2+1)

2. Making a careful plan in advance can help you finish the tough task more efficiently.(1+1+2)

3. On behalf of the victims, he expected the society to give them more understanding and help.(1+2+1)

4. In the depth of her heart always lies a suspicion that she might have been adopted by her parents eighteen years ago.(1+1+2+1)

5. Although time flies, the days when he worked hard with his classmates to be admitted into their ideal universities are still his unforgettable memory.(1+2+1+1)

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