Modal Verbs
Can
Can is an auxiliary verb, a modal auxiliary verb. We use can to:
?talk about possibility and ability
?make requests
?ask for or give permission
can: Possibility and Ability
We use can to talk about what is possible, what we are able or free to do:
?She can drive a car.
?John can speak Spanish.
?I cannot hear you. (I can't hear you.)
?Can you hear me?
Normally, we use can for the present. But it is possible to use can when we make present decisions about future ability.
A.Can you help me with my homework? (present)
B.Sorry. I'm busy today. But I can help you tomorrow. (future)
can: Requests and Orders
We often use can in a question to ask somebody to do something. This is not a real question - we do not really want to know if the person is able to do something, we want them to do it! The use of can in this way is informal (mainly between friends and family):
?Can you make a cup of coffee, please.
?Can you put the TV on.
?Can you come here a minute.
?Can you be quiet!
can: Permission
We sometimes use can to ask or give permission for something:
A.Can I smoke in this room?
B.You can't smoke here, but you can smoke in the garden.
(Note that we also use could, may, might for permission. The use of can for permission is informal.)
Could
Could is an auxiliary verb, a modal auxiliary verb. We use could to: ?talk about past possibility or ability
?make requests
Notice that:
?Could is invariable. There is only one form of could.
?The main verb is always the bare infinitive.
could: Past Possibility or Ability
We use could to talk about what was possible in the past, what we were able or free to do:
?I could swim when I was 5 years old.
?My grandmother could speak seven languages.
?When we arrived home, we could not open the door. (...couldn't open the door.) ?Could you understand what he was saying?
We use could(positive) and couldn't(negative) for general ability in the past. But when we talk about one special occasion in the past, we use be able to (positive) and couldn't (negative). Look at these examples:
could: Requests
We often use could in a question to ask somebody to do something. The use of could in this way is fairly polite (formal):
?Could you tell me where the bank is, please?
?Could you send me a catalogue, please?
Be able to
Although we look at be able to here, it is not a modal verb. It is simply the verb be plus an adjective (able) followed by the infinitive. We look at be able to here because we sometimes use it instead of can and could. We use be able to:
?to talk about ability
Notice that be able to is possible in all tenses, for example:
?I was able to drive...
?I will be able to drive...
?I have been able to drive...
Notice too that be able to has an infinitive form:
?I would like to be able to speak Chinese.
be able to: ability
We use be able to to express ability. "Able" is an adjective meaning: having the power, skill or means to do something. We sometimes use "be able to" instead of "can" or "could" for ability. "Be able to" is possible in all tenses—but "can" is possible only in the present and "could" is possible only in the past for ability. In addition, "can" and "could" have no infinitive form. So we use "be able to" when we want to use other tenses or the infinitive. Look at these examples:
?I have been able to swim since I was five. (present perfect)
?You will be able to speak perfect English very soon. (future simple)
?I would like to be able to fly an airplane. (infinitive)
Have to (objective obligation)
We often use have to to say that something is obligatory. In general, have to expresses impersonal obligation. The subject of have to is obliged or forced to act by a separate, external power (for example, the Law or school rules). Have to is objective. Look at these examples:
?Children have to go to school.
?In France, you have to drive on the right.
?In England, most schoolchildren have to wear a uniform.
?John has to wear a tie at work.
We can use have to in all tenses, and also with modal auxiliaries. We conjugate it just like any other main verb. Here are some examples:
Must (subjective obligation)
We often use must to say that something is essential or necessary. In general, must expresses personal obligation. Must expresses what the speaker thinks is necessary. Must is subjective. Look at these examples:
?I must go.
?I must stop smoking.
?You must visit us soon.
?He must work harder.
In each of the above cases, the "obligation" is the opinion or idea of the person speaking. In fact, it is not a real obligation. It is not imposed from outside.
*It is sometimes possible to use "must" for real obligation, for example a rule or a law. But generally we use "have to" for this.
We can use must to talk about the present or the future. Look at these examples:
?I must go now. (present)
?I must call my mother tomorrow. (future)
There is no past tense for must. We use have to to talk about the past.
Must not (prohibition)
We use must not to say that something is not permitted or allowed. Must not expresses prohibition - something that is not permitted, not allowed. The prohibition can be subjective (the speaker's opinion) or objective (a real law or rule). Must not is often contracted to mustn't. Look at these examples:
?Passengers must not talk to the driver.
?I mustn't eat so much sugar. (subjective)
?You mustn't watch so much television. (subjective)
?Students must not leave bicycles here. (objective)
?Policemen must not drink on duty. (objective)
We use must not to talk about the present or the future:
?Visitors must not smoke. (present)
?I mustn't forget Tara's birthday. (future)
We cannot use must not for the past. We use another structure to talk about the past, for example:
?We were not allowed to enter.
?I couldn't park outside the shop.
Shall and Will
People may sometimes tell you that there is no difference between shall and will, or even that today nobody uses shall(except in offers such as "Shall I call a taxi?"). This is not really true. The difference between shall and will is often hidden by the fact that we usually contract them in speaking with 'll. But the difference does exist.
The truth is that there are two conjugations for the verb will:
It is true that this difference is not universally recognized. However, let those who make assertions such as "Americans never use 'shall'" peruse a good American English dictionary, or many American legal documents, which often contain phrases such as:
?Each party shall give one month's notice in writing in the event of termination.
Note that exactly the same rule applies in the case of should and would. It is perfectly normal, and somewhat more elegant, to write, for example:
?I should be grateful if you would kindly send me your latest catalogue.
情态动词的基本用法及其区别 最近几年高考试题中常常借助语境来考查情态动词的基本用法及其区别，因此在平时学习时准确理解和掌握情态动词的基本用法十分重要。情态动词的用法复杂多变，在高考试题中，命题者常常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查学生对情态动词的理解和掌握。对于情态动词，除了要求考生能够准确掌握它们的基本用法外，还要充分利用高考试题所设置的语境来分析句子之间所体现的特殊关系。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析，以便同学们复习掌握。 一、用“情态动词＋have ＋done”结构表示对过去动作的推测，高考试题中常用过去时态或过去的时间状语给以暗示。情态动词的这一用法可以用“对立统一”来概括。 1．当试题的前句和后句在动作和意义上相互补充说明，且整个句意在动作和时间上是一个整体时，我们可用“统一”关系来解决这样的试题。常见的结构有： must have done： 表示对过去动作的肯定推测，常译作“一定做了……”，只能用于肯定句中。其否定形式为can’t／couldn’t have done 疑问式为Can／Could...have done﹖。 could ／might have done：表示对过去发生的动作的可能性推测，常译作“可能做了……”。如： 1) My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday afternoon, so he ＿＿＿＿＿your lecture． A．couldn’t have attended B．needn’t have attended C．mustn’t have attended D．shouldn’t have attended 本题选A。 2) Jack ＿＿＿＿yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me． A．mustn’t have arrived B．shouldn’t have arrived C．can’t have arrived D．need not have arrived （C） 2．当试题的前后句在动作和意义上构成转折关系时，常借助“but, however, instead”等词来表示过去的动作与客观事实不符，这时我们就可以用“对立”关系来解决这样的试题。这种结构常见的有： should have done ／ought to have done：表示过去本应该做某事而实际上没有做。 should not have done ／ought not to have done：表示过去本不应该做某事但事实上却做了。 need have done：表示过去本来有必要去做某事，但事实上没有做。 need not have done：表示过去本来没有必要做某事，但事实上却做了。如： 3) I was really anxious about you．You ＿＿＿＿＿home without a word．(NMET2001) A．mustn’t leave B．shouldn’t have left C．couldn’t have left D．needn’t leave “本不应该离家出走却走了”，故本题选B。 4) I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ＿＿＿＿＿for her．
10月3日课程知识点： 1.背诵第7单元所学新单词和词组。 1)写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词的变化形式： cry ( , ) regret ( , ) keep ( , ) get ( , ) 2）翻译： 驾照社交的入口出口 2.关于way的一些常见用法： 1）翻译： No way! There’s no way that … 他们无论如何都买不起那么贵的汽车。 2）辨析：
Get in the way of ，后面接名词、代词或动名词。例如：如果有人挡了你的路，你会怎么做？ 玩电脑游戏会妨碍他的学习。 3.复合名词的复数： 1）翻译： Sixteen-year-olds 男医生（复数） 女歌手（复数）运动会 她是一个16岁的女孩。 4.allow的用法: 错误：allow to do sth. 正确：allow sb. to do sth./allow doing sth./be allowed to do sth 5.含有情态动词的被动语态 1）含有情态动词的被动语态结构： 练习： i.应该在山上种许多树。 ii.桌子可用石头做成。 2）含有情态动词的被动语态的基本句式 i.肯定句式： 练习：
孩子们应该被允许星期五晚上和朋友们一起去看电影。 Ii．否定句式： 练习： 废纸不应该被扔在这里。 Iii．一般疑问句式： 练习： ——这件事应该由李明做吗？ ——是的，应该。/不，不应该。 iv.含有情态动词的主动句和被动句之间的转换 转换方法： 主动句：She must clean her room every day. 被动句：Her room must be cleaned (by her) every day. 练习： 1.我认为在他做之前他应该被告诉四次。 2.青少年应该被允许为他们自己做决定。 语法专练： 1.The teenagers to choose their own clothes. A.allow B. allowed C. are allowing D. should be allowed 2.The dictionary may for three weeks. A.Keep B. be kept C. borrow D. be borrowed 3.– What’s the meaning of the activity “Let’s save”?
c a n与c o u l d的用法详解及情态动词有关习题 Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998
can与could的用法详解 一、表示能力 (1)表示现在的能力，用can： My sister can drive. 我妹妹会开车。 Everyone here can speak English. 这儿人人会说英语。 (2)表示将来的能力，通常不用can或could，而用be able to的将来时态： I’ll be able to speak French in another few months. 再过几个月我就会讲法语了。 One day people will be able to go to the moon on holiday. 总有一天人们可以到月球上去度假。 但是，若表示现在决定将来是否有能力做某事，则可用 can： Can you come to the party tomorrow 你明天能来参加我们的聚会吗 (3)表示过去的能力，有时可用could，有时不能用could，具体应注意以下几点： ①若表示过去一般的能力(即想做某事就随时可做某事的能力)，可用could： Could you speak English then 那时候你会说英语吗 ②若表示过去的特定能力(即在过去特定场合做某事的能力)，则不能用could，而用w as (were) able to do sth，或用 managed to do sth，或用 succeeded in doing sth 等。 He studied hard and was able to pass the exam. 他学习很努力，所以考试能及格。 At last he succeeded in solving the problem. 他终于把那个问题解决了。 【注】could 不用来表示过去特定能力通常只限于肯定句，否定句或疑问句中，它则可以表示过去特定的能力： I managed to find the street, but I couldn’t find her house. 我想法找到了那条街，但没找到她的房子。(前句为肯定句用managed to，不用could，后句为否定句，可用could)另外，could还可与表示感知的动词(如see, hear, smell, taste, feel, understand等)连用表示的特定能力： Looking down from the plane, we could see lights on the runway. 从飞机上向下看，我们可以看见机场跑道上的点点灯火。 还有在中，could也可表示： He said he could see me next week. 他说他下周能见我。 二、表示许可 (1)对于现在或将来的“许可”，要区分以下两种情况： ①表示(即请求别人允许自己做某事)，两者均可用，但用could 语气更委婉： Can [Could] I come in 我可以进来吗
一、考点回顾 1、情态动词的基本用法 (1)can、be able to 和could ①can和be able to都表示能力，意思上没多大区别。 can只有现在和过去时，而be able to则有更多的形式。 但当成功地完成某一具体动作时，通常不用could而用was/were able to来表示。 这时was/were able to 相当于managed to，表示经过一番努力，终于能够完成某事。 ②can和could can和could都可以表示能力、技能、许可、建议或请求和可能性。但比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法，一般用could，回答时则用can。 (2)may/might ①may/might表示可能，但may比might可能性大。 ②may/might表示“允许”，may用于现在时或将来时，might常用在间接引语中表过去时，但might也可用于现在时间，表示比较委婉的语气，回答用may。如： ③may / might 表示建议或请求，但might比may 更客气，意思更肯定而无过去时态的含义 用may表示推测一般不用于疑问句，在疑问句中通常用can来代替。 May I ... 问句常见的肯定回答和否定回答。 肯定回答 Yes, please.Certainly.Yes, of course.Sure.Go ahead, please. 否定回答 No, you can't. （最常见）No, you mustn't. （具有强烈禁止的意思） Please don't. You'd better not.I don't think you can.I'm sorry it's not allowed. （3）must ①must表示必须，应该，没有时态变化。 ②must表示肯定的推测。如： ③mustn’t 表示禁止做某事。如： （4）have to have to 表示“必须、不得不”，是由于某种外界（客观）原因而“必须”，“不得不”做某事，也可表示经常的或习惯性的事“必须”做。have to的否定形式表示不必。have to可用于多种时态中。如： （5）should / ought to ①should和ought to表示应当、应该，前者比后者语气轻。 ②should / ought to 表推测。 ③should / ought to的否定形式表示禁止之意。如： ④should可表示陈述意见，推出建议或请求；而ought to可以表示劝告之意。如： （6）will / would ①will 用于各种人称表示“意志”、“意愿”或“决心”等，否定式won’t + 动词。如： ②will用于疑问句中，常用在第二称时表示说话人向对方提出“请求”或“询问”如： ③will 表示习惯性的动作，有“总是”、“惯于”的含义。如： ④would 表示客气的请求、建议或意愿。如： ⑤would 表示过去反复发生的动作,总是会。 （7）need need 作“必要”讲，既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词。作实义动词时后面的动词不定式要
情态动词的用法一．can和could
特别提示： （1）could用来表示请求时，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不能用于肯定句，回答应该用can（即：could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。如： ——Could I use your dictionary? ——Yes, you can.(否定回答可用：No, I’m afraid not.) (2)can和be able to区分 can(could)和be able to都可以表示能力，意思上没有区别。但can只有现在式和过去式，而be able to则有更多的形式。如： I’ve always wanted to able to speak fluent English. Those bags look really heavy, are you sure you’ll be able to carry them on your own? 但是，表示在过去某时的某一场合经过一番努力，终于做成了某事，通常不用could，而用was/were able to 来表示。这时，was/were able to相当于managed to do或succeed in doing。如： After the accident it was a long time before she was able to walk again. The fire was very big, but most people were able to escape from the building. (3) 惯用形式“cannot …too…”表示“无论怎么……也不（过分）”。如： You cannot be too careful.你越小心越好。 惯用形式“cannot but+ 不定式（不带to）”表示“不得不，只好”。如： I cannot but admire her determination.我不得不钦佩你的决心。 二．may和might
中考英语专题练习-含情态动词的被动语态（含解析） 一、单选题 1.-- When should I hand in my paper? -- Your paper must as soon as the bell . A. hand in; rings B. hand in; will ring C. be handed in; rings 2.Which things ______ by common people to protect the environment? A. can be B. can do C. can be done D. can be do 3.Children to watch thrillers. They may have a bad influence on children. A. shouldn't allow B. should allow C. shouldn't be allowed D. should be allowed 4.Your bedroom is so dirty, It should every day. A. clean B. is cleaned C. cleans D. be cleaned 5.Waste paper everywhere. It's our duty to keep the school clean. A. throws B. are thrown C. shouldn't be thrown 6.—It's difficult for village children to cross the river to school. —I think a bridge _________ over the river. A. should be built B. will build C. is built D. was built 7.Don't put off today's work for tomorrow. I mean, today's work______ today. A. may do B. must do C. may be done D. must be done 8.People who drink wine ____________ to drive after May Day. A. don't allow B. isn't allowed C. mustn't allow D. mustn't be allowed 9.It's difficult for the village children to cross the river to get to school. We think a bridge________ over the river A. was built B. should be built C. has been built D. is being built 10.Things should ________ here before you enter the library. A. keeps B. are kept C. be kept D. keep 11.The robot needs _______ once a month. And we will check it for you for free. A. to check B. checked C. checking D. to checking 12.The young mothers are told little kids can't ___________ alone at home. A. leave B. to leave C. left D. be left 13.The television ________. It doesn't work now. A. must be repaired B. was repairing C. must repair D. has repaired 14.Don't put off today's work till tomorrow. I mean, today's work today. A. must be done B. must do C. may be done 15.—Can I my hair colored, Mom? —No. As a student, you ________ do that. A. let; are allowed to B. got; should be allowed to C. get;may not D. get; shouldn't be allowed to
情态动词的用法 常见的情态动词： 1). Must、can、could、may、might 2). Shall、should、ought to、dare 3). Will、would 4). Need 1. must 1) 必须; 表示必要或很重要 2）一定; 表示对现在的肯定推测 3）应该; 表示提议 E.g When you enter the building, you must show the guard your pass. (强调必要性) Y ou must be tired after your long journey. （肯定推测） Y ou must read this story because it’s funny. (建议或提议) 2. can/ could 1) 有时候会，时而可能; 表示常有的行为或情形 2) 不可能；用于否定句，表推测 3) 竟然能，难道会，怎么能；表疑惑或惊讶 4) 能，会；表有能力，能够 5) 可以；表允许或请求或建议 6）必须；表示对方必须做，尤其指说话人在生气的时候 E.g It can be windy on the top of the montain, especially in winter. That can’t be Bohu, he is in the room of Qiuxiang. （推测） How can you be so rude! （惊讶） I can figure out this qustion easily. (能力) Y ou can borrow some books from the library. (允许) Can I use your pen? (请求) W e can go swimming, if you like. (建议) If you won’t keep quiet, you can get out here. 3. may/ might 1) 也许，可能，但不确定 2) 可以：征求意见或允许 3) 可以：礼貌地评价或提问等 E.g He may be right. (但也有可能错) May I use your pen. (征求意见) May I ask how you finished your work on time.( 提问) 4. shall 1) 用于一、三人称疑问句，表征求对方意见 2) 用于二、三人称陈述句，表决心，允诺，命令，警告等 E.g What shall we do this weekend? (征求意见) Don’t worry, you shall get the answer this afternoon. (允诺) When she comes in, nobady shall says a word. (命令) 5. should
情态动词 定义: 情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,但要与动词原形一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。 情态动词后面加动词原形。 分类： 情态动词有四类： ①只做情态动词：must,can(could),may(might),ought to ②可做情态动词又可做实义动词：need,dare ③可做情态动词又可做助动词：shall(should),will(would) ④具有情态动词特征：have(had) to,used to 位置: 情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前, 谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前,疑问句中, 情态动词 则在主语之前。 I can see you. Come here. 我能看见你，过来吧。 He must have been away. 他一定走了。 What can I do for you? 我能帮你吗？ How dare you treat us like that！ 你怎能那样对待我们！ 特点: 情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加"not"。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。 He could be here soon. 他很快就来。 We can't carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。 I'm sorry I can't help you. 对不起，我帮不上你。 基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是，基本助动词本身没有词义，而情态助动词则有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想： What have you been doing since? （构成完成进行体，本身无词义） I am afraid I must be going. （一定要） You may have read some account of the matter. （或许已经） 除此之外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征：
一、基本含义 含有情态动词的被动语态用来说明某人或某物被动性动作所反映出的感情和态度。 二、基本结构 含有情态动词的被动语态的基本结构为：情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词。例如： The computer must be repaired now. 这台电脑必须立刻修理。Many trees should be planted on the mountains. 应该在山上种植许多树。 三、转变方法 1. 将主动句的宾语变成被动句的主语； 2. 把“情态动词 + 动词原形”变成“情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词”。例如： You should finish your homework at once. →Your homework should be finished (by you) at once. You can take this book home. →This book can be taken home (by you). 四、句式变换 含有情态动词的被动语态的疑问句、否定句的变化均需借助于情态动词来完成。 1. 一般疑问句。直接将被动语态的陈述句中的情态动词提到句首。例如： This work must be done right now. →Must this work be done right now? His homework should be finished before six. →Should his homework be finished before six? 2. 特殊疑问句。由疑问词加上含有情态动词的被动语态的一般疑问句构成。例如： Where can the book be found? 这本书在什么地方能被找到呢？
人教版英语英语情态动词的用法大全附答案百度文库 一、初中英语情态动词 1．—Look! The woman at the school gate ______be her headmaster. —No, it ______ be her. She is holding a meeting in the office now. A. must; can't B. must; mustn't C. can; needn't D. may; mustn't 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——看！学校门口的那个妇女一定是她的校长。——不，不可能是她。第一空，must表示“一定”；空二，根据She is holding a meeting in the office now. 她现在正在办公室开会，可知，不可能是校长，用can't，表示不可能。故选A。 【点评】考查情态动词辨析。注意不同情态动词的用法，注意理解句意。 2．All passengers ______ go through safety check before they take a plane. A. can B. may C. must D. could 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：所有乘客登机前必须接受安全检查。A. can能够，表示能力；B. may可以，表示许可；C. must必须；D. could可能，可以。登机前必须安检。故选C。【点评】情态动词词义辨析。以及can、may、must、could四个词的词义和用法。 3．Please don't make so much noise. I ________ hear the speaker very well. A. needn't B. can't C. shouldn't D. mustn't 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：请不要发出那么多噪音。我不能很好地听清楚发言者的话。needn't不必；can't不能；shouldn't不应该；mustn't禁止。根据前半句的Please don't make so much noise.可知别人发出了太多噪音，所以他无法听见演讲者的话，故用情态动词can't。故选B。 【点评】考查情态动词，结合句意和词义做出判断。 4．A hard-working man ______ become a great scientist, but a great scientist _______ be a hard-working man. A. can't; can B. may not; must C. can't; must D. may not; can 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：一个勤奋的人可能不会成为一位伟大的科学家，但是一位伟大的科学家一定是一个勤奋的人。can't不可能，不会；can可能，能，会；may not 可能不；must 必须，一定；结合句意，可知，第一个空为“可能不”，第二个空为“一定”，故答案为B。 【点评】考查情态动词。掌握情态动词表推测时的意义和用法。 5．Look at the sign! It says “No Smoking!” You ________ smoke here. It's dangerous. A. mustn't B. ought not to C. needn't D. don't have to
dare用法详解 一、基本用法特点 dare可用作实意动词和情态动词，用作情态动词时，意思是“敢”，其后接动词原形，通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及if或whether之后，一般不用于肯定句： Dare you tell her the truth 你敢告诉她事实真相吗 I don’t know whether he dare try. 我不知他是否敢试一试。 I daren’t ask her for a rise. 我不敢要求她加薪。 【注】I dare say 是习惯说法(用于肯定句)，并不一定要译为“我敢说”，它所表示的是一种不肯定的语气，常译为“很可能”、“大概”、“我想”等，有时用作反语： I dare say (that) you are right. 我想你是对的。 Oh, you mean to win I dare say you will. 啊，你想打赢我且看你赢吧。 (2) dare用作实意动词时意为“敢于”，可以有各种词形变化，可用于各类句型(肯定句、否定句、疑问句及各类从句等)，其后多接带 to 的不定式，有时 to 也可省去(尤其是在否定句或疑问句)，可用于非谓语形式，完成时态等： We must dare to think, speak and act. 我们必须敢想、敢说、敢做。 I wonder how he dares (to) say such things. 我纳闷他怎么竟敢说出这样的话来。 Did he dare (to) tell her 他敢告诉她吗 We don’t dare (to) say anything. 我们什么也不敢说。 The boy stood before the teacher, not daring to look up. 这个小男孩站在老师面前不敢抬头。 I’ve never dared (to) ask her. 我从来不敢问她。 二、dare的过去式问题 情态动词dare可以有过去式dared，但也可以直接用dare表示过去式，或后接动词完成式：That was why he dared do so. 那就是他为什么敢这样做的原因。 Mother dare(d) not tell father she’d given away his old jacket. 母亲不敢告诉父亲
含情态动词的被动语态 【考点链接】 1. —Some of the plastic bags can’t after June 1. —Yes, people will use environmental bags instead. A. use B. be use C. be used D. are used 2. —There is a lot of wind in North China. —Well, more trees every year to stop the wind. A. must be planted B. can planted C. should planted 【结构】情态动词(should/can/must/may/could等) + be + 及物动词的过去分词 【句式】 1. 否定句式：主语+情态动词+not be +及物动词的过去分词。如： The word couldn’t be used this way. 2. 一般疑问句式：情态动词+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词。如： —Should the letter be finished today? —Yes, it should. /No, it shouldn’t. 【跟踪练习】根据要求完成句子。 1. Teenagers should be allowed to play with friends at night. (改为否定句) Teenagers to play with friends at night. 2. The flowers must be watered once a day. (改为一般疑问句) the flowers once a day? 3. Should the classroom be cleaned on time? (作肯定回答) , . 4. Parents should allow children to choose their clothes. (改为被动语态) Children to choose their clothes. 5. The young tree can be planted now. (改为主动语态) We the young tree now.
情态动词can和may的用法 can 和may 都是情态动词。情态动词本身有一定的意义，可以表示说话人的语气和态度或说话人对某种动作或状态的看法。情态动词在句中不能单独作谓语，后接动词原形，同时它也没有人称和数的变化。表示疑问时，只需把情态动词置于句首；表示否定时，在情态动词的后面直接加not . 一、情态动词can 的用法 1. 表示能力，意为“能、会”。如： —— Can you swim？你会游泳吗？ —— Yes，I can. 是的，我会。 —— Can you play the guitar？你会弹吉它吗？ —— No，I can’t. 不，我不会。 2. 表示请求或允许，多用于口语中，意为“可以、能”等。如： Can I help you？我可以帮忙吗？ You can go home now. 现在你可以回家了。 3. 用于否定句、疑问句中，表示猜测、怀疑或不肯定。如： —— Where can it be？它可能会在哪儿？ —— It may be in your pencil-box. 也许在你的文具盒里。 二、情态动词may 的用法 1. 表示“许可、准许、请求许可”，此时与can 同义，可以互换使用。如： You may / can go to the cinema this evening. 你今晚可以去看电影。 注意：许可对方时，其答语可以用Yes，you may. 但由于用may 作肯定回答，语气显得生硬、严肃，因而一般常用Yes，please. / Certainly. / Of course. 等。这些肯定答语显得热情、客气。如：
—— May I use your ruler？我可以用一下你的尺子吗？ —— Certainly. Here you are. 当然可以。给你。 拒绝对方时，其答语可以用No，you mustn’t. / No，you can’t. 或Sorry，you can’t. / No，please don’t. 等说法。如： —— May I watch TV now？现在我可以看电视吗？ —— No，you mustn’t. 不，不可以。 2. 表示可能性，意思为“可能、也许”，常用在肯定句中。如： He may know you. 他可能认识你。 The may go to the Great Wall next week. 他们可能下周去长城。 注意：在否定句中一般不用may not ，常用can’t 表示“不可能”。例如： He can’t be at home tonight. 今晚他不可能在家。 3. 用于特殊疑问句中，表示不确定，常可译为“会”。如： Who may call me at night？谁会在晚上给我打电话呢？ 4. 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。如： May you have a good time. 祝你过得愉快。 May you be happy！祝你幸福！
精品文档 精品文档含情态动词的被动语态 【考点链接】 1. —Some of the plastic bags can’t after June 1. —Yes, people will use environmental bags instead. A. use B. be use C. be used D. are used 2. —There is a lot of wind in North China. —Well, more trees every year to stop the wind. A. must be planted B. can planted C. should planted 【结构】情态动词(should/can/must/may/could等) + be + 及物动词的过去分词 【句式】 1. 否定句式：主语+情态动词+not be +及物动词的过去分词。如： The word couldn’t be used this way. 2. 一般疑问句式：情态动词+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词。如： —Should the letter be finished today? —Yes, it should. /No, it shouldn’t. 【跟踪练习】根据要求完成句子。 1. Teenagers should be allowed to play with friends at night. (改为否定句) Teenagers to play with friends at night. 2. The flowers must be watered once a day. (改为一般疑问句) the flowers once a day? 3. Should the classroom be cleaned on time? (作肯定回答) , . 4. Parents should allow children to choose their clothes. (改为被动语态) Children to choose their clothes. 5. The young tree can be planted now. (改为主动语态) We the young tree now.
情态动词测试题及答案经典 一、初中英语情态动词 1．—Mum, I play football this afternoon? —Sure, but you finish your homework first. A. may; could B. can; must C. can; mustn't D. may; can't 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：－妈妈，今天下午我能踢足球吗？－当然，但是你必须先完成作业。前句提请求，can,may都可以；后句，由sure可知后句用肯定回答。Could表示一种委婉的语气；must表示主观愿望：必须。妈妈要求孩子“必须”先完成作业。故选B。 【点评】考查情态动词辨析，may表示请求时候的回答用语。 2．—I've bought all the food for the party tonight. —Thank you. Then I _______ go to the supermarket. A. can't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. needn't 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：－今天晚上我买好了所有晚会的食物。－谢谢你。那么我就不必去超市了。A. can't不能；B. mustn't不准，不允许，禁止；C. shouldn't不应该；D. needn't 不必。你买好了，我就不必去买了。故选D。 【点评】考查情态动词，表示不必要应使用need的形式，要牢记不同的情态动词的意思。 3．A hard-working man ______ become a great scientist, but a great scientist _______ be a hard-working man. A. can't; can B. may not; must C. can't; must D. may not; can 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：一个勤奋的人可能不会成为一位伟大的科学家，但是一位伟大的科学家一定是一个勤奋的人。can't不可能，不会；can可能，能，会；may not 可能不；must 必须，一定；结合句意，可知，第一个空为“可能不”，第二个空为“一定”，故答案为B。 【点评】考查情态动词。掌握情态动词表推测时的意义和用法。 4．Teenagers allowed to drive . A. should not be B. should be not C. not should be 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：年轻人不应该被允许驾车。Should是情态动词，其否定表达一般在在后面加副词not，故选A。 【点评】此题考查含有情态动词的被动语态的否定形式。平时注意记忆情态动词的记忆和用法。 5．—Where is Mom now?
情态动词can的基本用法： 情态动词can有一定的词义，但不能独立存在，它必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词can没有人称和数的变化。其具体用法如下： 1. 表示"能、会",指脑力或体力方面的"能力"。例如： I can speak En glish. 我会讲英语。 Jim can swim but I can't. 吉姆会游泳，但我不会。 2. 表示"可能",常用于否定句或疑问句中，指某种可能性，此时can 't译为“不可能”。例如： Han Mei ca n't be in the classroom. 韩梅不可能在教室里。 Can he come here today, please? 请问他今天能到这里来吗？ 3. 表示"可以",常用于口语中，指许可或请求做某事，可以代替 may。例如: Can I have a cup of tea, please? 请问我可以喝一杯茶吗？ You can go out. 你可以出去了。 补充：can的过去式could，意为“能、会”，表示过去的能力 女口： He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。 could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思。 如:Could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗？一 Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗？一Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答） 情态动词can的基本句型:
1. 肯定句型为：主语+can+动词原形+其它。例如： They can play basketball. 他们能打篮球。 She can dance.她会跳舞。 You can go to watch TV. 你可以去看电视了。 2. ........................... 否定句型为：主语+can not（can't/cannot）+ 动词原形+其它。表示"某人不能（不会。不可能）做其中can't是can not的缩略式，英国多写成cannot。例如： You cann ot pass the ball like this. 你不能像这样传球。 I ca n't ride a motorbike. 我不会骑摩托车。 3. 疑问句句型分为：一般疑问句句型和特殊疑问句句型两种类型。 ⑴一般疑问句句型为:Can+主语+动词原形+其它。表示"某人会（能。可以）做吗?",用于口语时，常表示请求或许可。其肯定答语用""Yes,主语+can."作答; 否定答语用"No,主语+can't."作答。注意答语中做主语的人称代词,应根据问句中的主语作相应的变化。其变化规则为：第一人称问，则第二人称答；第二人称问，则第一人称答;第三人称问，第三人称答。例如： ①-Can you sing an En glish song for us? 你可以为我们大家唱一首英语歌吗？