1、Our textbooks are very different from theirs.
我们的教材与他们的教材不一样。
2、Y ou should put part of your salary in the bank each month.
你应该每月把部分工资存入银行。
3、The school therefore plans games and matches for its pupils.
因此，学校为学生安排游戏和比赛。
4、Life is meaningless without a purpose.
没有目标的生活是毫无意义的。
5、When will the work be finished?
工作何时完成？
6、Fires may do more damage than the earthquakes.
火所造成的损失可能比地震还严重。
7、Are you fond of music?
你喜欢音乐吗？
8、My roommare,Tom, is also a geaduate student like me.
我的室友汤姆和我一样也是个研究生。
9、Many schools will not open for lessons until the beginning of september.
很多学校到九月份才开学。
10、What time do you swimming every day?
你每天何时去游泳？
11、When she left school,she went firs to Britain.
在他离开学校后，他一开始去的是英国。
12、Only on weekends,Central Park is closed to cars.
只有在周末，中央公园不许汽车入内。
13、They thought that there must be something wrong with their TV set.
他们认为电视机一定出了毛病了。
14、I am busy studying for my exams.
我忙于备考。
15、He prefers coffee to tea.
与茶相比，他更喜欢咖啡。
16、I plan to play football with my classmates.
我打算与我同学踢足球。
17、This box can hold more books than one.
这个箱子比那个箱子能装更多的书。
18、The glass was broken into pieces.
玻璃杯碎了。
19、In the world,soccer or football is the most popular sport.
足球是一项风靡全世界的体育运动。
20、Have you seen Tom recently?
你最近看见汤姆了吗？
21、Bob and Peter found out that they were twin brothers.
鲍勃和彼特发现他们是双胞胎兄弟。
22、It is no good hoping to read all these books.
希望能够读完所有这些书是毫无意义的。
23、On their way they came to a shop where bread was sold.
在途中，他们来到一家销售面包的商店。
24、The doctors decided to see this strange man themselves.
医生们决定亲自去看看这个奇怪的人
25、But I’ve got room for only two of you in the house.
但是我家里只能住下你们其中的两个人。
26、How are you doing these days?
这些日子你怎么样？
27、Traveing by train is slower than by plane,but it has its advantages.
乘火车旅行比乘飞机旅行慢，但有它的优势。
28、Who's going to answer the telephone?
谁去接电话？
29、Who is the girl in white shirt?
穿白衬衫的那位女孩是谁？
30、Each year some of his money is given to the best scientists and writers of the world.
每年他的一部分钱都会奖给世界上最优秀的科学家和作家。
31、I hope we can have some snow this winter.
我想今年冬天会下点雪。
32、He is one of the greatest writers in the world.
他是世界上最伟大的作家之一。
33、Y ou and your team can discover the answers to problems together.
你和你的团队可一起找到问题的答案。
34、Mark couldn't come to the party because he had to work.
马克因为不得不工作，不能来参加我们的晚会。
35、Their parents don't know them as well as their friends do.
他们的父母不象朋友那样了解他们。
36、I have no idea about it.
我一点都不知道。
37、Would you mind waiting outside?
请你在外面等，好吗？
38、Some parents even stop their children from meeting their good friends.
有些父母甚至不让自己的孩子去见他们的好朋友。
39、He didn't need to attend the meeting.
他没有必要参加那个会议。
40、The teacher came earlier than expected.
老师来的比预期的早。
41、I hurried to my office.
我匆忙赶到了办公室。
42、How did you spend your holiday?
你假期怎么过的？
43、I'll move to another city because of my job.
由于工作关系，我将搬到另一个城市去。
44、I'm sure we'll have a good time.
我相信我们会很开心的。
45、I had no choice.
我别无选择。
46、I met one of my friends on my way home yesterday evening.
昨晚在回家路上我遇到了我的一位老朋友。
47、I'm looking forward to your visit to China.
我盼望你对中国的访问。
48、I've just come back from Britain.
我刚从英国回来。
49、The friend saw everything but did not say a single word.
这位朋友看到了一切，却一言不发。
50、People usually hate mice,but one mouse won the hearts of the people all over the world.
人们通常憎恶老鼠，但这只老鼠却赢得了全世界人们的心。
51、Both Ann and Mary are suitable for the job.
安妮和玛丽都适合干这项工作。
52、I read the local newspapers with great interest every evening.
每晚我怀着极大的兴趣读当地的报纸。
53、Air pollution is more serious than water pollution.
空气污染比水污染严重。
54、He often went from town to town giving lectures.
他经常辗转在城镇间做演讲。
55、I slept soundly all night.
我整夜睡得很熟。
56、He was satisfied with his new car,and drove to work in it the very next day.
他对自己的新车感到很满意，第二天就开着去上班了。
57、But Little Smart is not really that smart.
但小聪明并不是真的那么聪明。
58、Success in business depends on hard work.
生意上的成功取决于努力工作。
59、I picjked up the bag to protect my face from the smoke and heat.
我捡起包捂在脸上挡住烟和热。
60、What kind of life do modt people enjoy?
多数人喜欢什么样的生活？
61、She spends too much time on TV each day.
她每天花太多的时间看电视。
62、She could not follow me when i spoke to her.
当我跟她讲话的时候，她根本听不懂我的话。
63、He shows a great interest in learning English.
他对英语显示出浓厚的兴趣。
64、Flight 220 is scheduled to arrive at 10:30pm.
220班机定于晚10时30分抵达。
65、It's still raining today!
今天还在下雨。
66、From the East Coast to the West Coast it is about 3000 miles wide.
美国领土的东西宽度约为3000英里，
67、I want to get back home by five 0'clock if it is possible.
如果可能的话，我想5点到家。
68、Some people find it difficult to ask for help.
有些人感觉请求他人帮忙很难。
69、I think she will change her mind tomorrow.
我想她明天将会改变主意的。
70、If you decided to learn a new language,you would have to dedicate yourself
wholeheartedly to the cause.
如果你决定学习一门新语言，你就必须全身心的投入进去。
71、My calssmates are cleverer than I.
我的同学比我聪明。
72、He is in the world a famous pop star.
他是世界上著名的流行音乐明星。
73、In the world,the soccer football is the most populai sport.
在世界上，英式足球是最流行的体育运动。
74、Give me your advice.
给我你的建议
75、"How did you write your advertisement,"asked a businessman.
一个商人问道：“你的广告是怎么写的”
76、A characteristic of American culture is to respect the sdlf-made man -the man who has made
it through his own efforts.
美国文化的一个特点就是尊重自我奋斗者，即通过自身努力成功的人。
77、I'm very much eager to improve my oral English.
我非常渴望改善我的英语口语。
78、I'm having a headache now.
我正在头疼
79、I have no idea what to say.
我不知道该说些什么。
1.Tom’s father has taught Englist here since he graduated from Peking University.
汤姆的父亲从北京大学毕业后就一直在这里教英语。
2.Please give this book to whoever comes first.
请把这本书给最先来的人。
3.Though it was late,they kept on working.
尽管已经很晚了，他们还在继续工作。
4.Apples here like water and sunshine.
这里的苹果喜欢水和阳光。
5.Fred was such a hardworking student that he soon came out first in the class.
弗瑞德是一个学习十分用功的学生，所以不久他就成了班里学习最好的学生。
6.Ted and William have lived under the same roof five years.
泰德和威廉已经在同一屋檐下生活了五年了。
7.A lot of natural resources in the mountain area will be exploited and used.
那个山区有许多自然资源有待于开发利用。
8.In Foreign Lanurages Department, a checking machine is used to correct the students’test papers.
在外语系用阅卷机给学生阅卷。
9.The students are encouraged to do more listening ,reading and writing by their teacher.
老师鼓励学生多听，多读，多写。
10.There is a large amount of enery wasted due to friction
由于摩擦而损耗大量的能量。
11.This place has plentiful material resources
这个地方的物质资源是丰富的。
12.V arious substances differ widely in their magnetic characreristics.
各种材料的磁性有很大的不同。
13. The more passions we have, the more happiness we are likely to experience.
我们的激情越高，我们有可能体验的快乐就越多。
14.Each time history repeats itself, the price goes up .
历史每重演一次，代价就增加一份。
15.In an age of plenty ,we feel spiritual hunger.
在这个物质财富充裕的时代，我们感到精神上的饥渴。
16.In no other counrty in the world can you find such plants as this one.
像这样的植物在世界上的其他任何一个国家都找不到。
17.I was having a nap when suddenly the telephone rang .
我正在小睡时，电话铃突然响了。
18.All that glitters is not gold.
闪光的未必都是金子。
19.Bill hit his car into a wall last night.
昨晚比尔开车时撞到了墙上。
20.Would you please help me with this heavy box?
你能帮我抬一下这个沉箱子吗？
21.He has taught English is this university ever since he moved to this city.
他自从移居到这座城市以来就一直在这所大学教英语。
22.Transistors are small in size and light in weight.
晶体管的体积小，重量轻。
23.John and his brotrer differ in personality even if their differences in age are not significant.
尽管约翰和他哥哥在年纪上相差不大，但他们的个性却不相同。
24.If you decided to learn a new language ,you woule have to devote all your efforts to it.
如果你决定学一门新的语言，你必须全力以赴。
25.Y ou needn’t go there anymore .He already knows about it .
你不必去了，他已经知道那件事了。
26.As is known to all ,China is a developing county.
众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。
27.The most common samples of inorganic materials are the gases of the atmosphere,
water ,rocks,etc.
大气中的气体，水和岩石等都是无机物中最普遍的实例。
1. Contrast Between English and Chinese Put the following into Chinese, pay special attention to the linguistic differences between English and Chinese. Sentence translation: 1.Now that you are in for it, you must carry on. 2.Cigarettes were the death of me. 3.If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday evening does not wish to get into trouble, he will return the umbrella to No. 10 Broad Street. 4.If you confer a benefit, never remember it; if you receive one, remember it always. 5.Her sighs made it clear that she was unhappy. 6.They had no running water where they lived. Nor did they have any conveniences of life such as gas and electricity. 7.Theatre will be reinvented and become much freer and more imaginative. 8.Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. 9.By the end of the war, 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of 200 Belgian and French lives. 10.It should be noted that he and she were extremely close allies. Passage translation: It seemed a point scored for her side when Joanne, panicked that her father-in-law would bungle the turnoff for the Pulaski Skyway, shattered the tip of her cigarette against the back of the seat and a live ash fell on the baby?s belly. It went unnoticed for a second until Corinne screamed; then they all saw it, a little flea of fire glowing beside the perfect navel. Joanne jumped, and squealed with guilt, and flapped her hands and stamped her feet and hugged the baby against her, but the evidence could not be destroyed; a brown dot of char on the globe of immaculate skin. Corinne continued her screams, splicing them with shrill hard gasps of intake, while everyone rummaged through purses and pockets for Vaseline, butter, toothpaste – anything for an urgent. Mother had a tiny bottle of toilet water given her in a department store; Joanne dabbed some of this on, and in time Corinne, shaken by more and more widely spaced spasms of sobbing, mercifully dragged her injury with her into the burrow of sleep. 2. Cohesion 1.When Smith was drunk, he used to beat his wife and daughter; and the next morning, with a headache, he would rail at the world for its neglect of his genius, and abuse, with a good
1、A teacher should have patience in his work. 当老师应当有耐心。 2、A lot of natural resources in the mountain area will be exploited and used.那个山区有许多自然资源有待于开发利用。 3、As is known to all, China is a developing country.众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。 4、As long as there is water, plants won't die quickly. 只要有水，植物就不会很快死亡。 5、A good memory is a great help in learning a language好的记忆有助于语言的学习。 6、A lot of natural resources in the mountain area will be exploited and used.那个山区有许多自然资源有待于开发利用。 7、All that glitters is not gold.闪光的未必都是金子 Beijing Olympic Games can make Chinese people work harder.北京奥林匹克运动会使得中国人民更加努力工作。 1、Can you express yourself clearly in English?你能用英语清楚地表达自己的意思吗？ 2、Could you tell me where the post office is?请问邮局在哪里？ 3、China will build up a space station in ten years.在十年内，中国将建一个太空站。 1、Don't you think smoking is harmful to your health?你不认为抽烟对你的身体有害吗？ 2、Do you often do your washing in the evening?你经常晚上洗衣服吗？1、Each time history repeats itself, the price goes up.历史每重演一次，代价就增加一分。 2、Everyone was in bed except me.除了我，所有人都上床睡觉了。 Fires may do more damage than the earthquakes.火所造成的损失可能比地震还严重。 Go down this street until you reach the second traffic lights.顺着这条街走，一直走到第二个交通灯处。 1、He is always making excuses for being late 他总是为他的迟到找借口 1、He was too tired to go on reading.他太困了，无法再阅读了。 2、He keeps looking at himself in the mirror.他老是照镜子。 3、He has a foreign friend who lives in America. 他有一个住在美国的外国朋友。 4、He is sweating all over.他出了一身汗。 5、He was satisfied with his new car, and drove to work in it the very next day.他对自己的新车感到很满意，第二 天就开着去上班了。 6、How long will it take us to get there?我们到那儿要用多长时间？ 7、How do you spell your last name? 你的姓是如何拼写的？ 8、How long have you collected your stamps?你集邮有多久了？ 9、He had a traffic accident last week. 他上星期出了一起交通事故。 10、He is a worldwide famous scientist. 他是一位世界著名的科学 家。 11、He has sympathy for all poor people. 他对所有穷苦人都富有同情 心。 12、He doesn't know what life means to him.他不知道人生的意义。 13、He has taught English in this university ever since he moved to this city. 他自从移居到这座城市以 来就一直在这所大学教英语。 1、I'm not an English major student. 我不是英语专业的学生。 2、I'm going to buy a monthly ticket tomorrow.我想明天买张月票。 3、I'm very much eager to improve my oral English.我非常渴望改进我的英 语口语。 4、I'm thinking about a visit to Paris. 我在考虑去巴黎旅游。 5、I am very familiar with his name. 我很熟悉他的名字。 6、I think the picture shows us how fruit is necessary to life.我想这 幅图是告诉我们水果对生活是不可缺 的。 7、It was a hard job, but he did not mind.这项工作很艰苦，但他并不在乎。 8、It's their duty to look after these young trees.他们的责任是照看 这些小树。 8、It's never too late to learn.。 活到老，学到老。 8、It is known to all that exercises are good for health. 众所周知，锻 炼有益于健康。 9、I'll call you as soon as I arrive. 我一到就给你打电话。 9、I'm going to run for the bus as soon as the bell rings. 铃声一响， 我就要去赶公共汽车。 10、I look forward to hearing from you.我期待着收到您的回信。 11、I came back because of the rain. 因为下雨我就回来了。 12、In an age of plenty, we feel spiritual hunger.在这个物质财富充 裕的时代，我们感到精神上的饥渴。 13、In no other country in the world can you find such plants as this one. 像这样的植物在世界上的其他任何一 个国家都找不到。 14、If you decided to learn a new language, you would have to devote all your efforts to it.如果你决定 学一门新的语言，你必须全力以赴。 15、I read the local newspapers with great interest every evening.每晚 我怀着极大的兴趣读当地报纸。 16、I hope we can have some snow this winter.我希望今年冬天会下点雪。 17、I feel satisfied with my life. 我对生活感到满意。 18、It is not necessary to do this work.没有必要做这项工作。 19、I don't want to spend five dollars on a cup of water. 我不想 花五美元买一瓶水。 20、I think our dream will become true.我认为我们的梦想将成为现实。 21、I think she will change her mind tomorrow. 我想明天她就会改变主意。 22、I'll write to you as soon as I get there.我一到那儿就给你写信。 23、In Foreign Languages Department， a checking machine is used to correct the students' test papers. 在外语系，用阅卷机给学生阅卷。 24、I think the picture shows us how fruits is necessary to life.我想这 幅图是告诉我们水果是生活中不可缺 的。 25、I need to buy some 50-cent stamps. 我需要买一些50美分的邮票。 1、Just because you like, it doesn't mean I will.你喜欢它，并不意味我也 会喜欢。 2、John and his brother differ in personality even if their differences in age are not significant. 尽管约翰和他哥哥在年 纪上相差不大，但他们的个性却不相同。 3、Jenny is fond of reading and often borrows books from the city library.珍妮喜 爱读书，经常从市图书馆借回许多书。 Li Bai is one of the greatest poets that have ever lived in China. 李 白是中国有史以来最伟大的诗人之一。 1、My classmate is more clever than I.我的同学比我聪明。 2、My problem is that I don't have much time to do the work.我的问题 在于我没有多少时间干这工作。 3、My grandpa is used to getting up early.我爷爷习惯早起。 4、MR. Lin assigned too much homework today.今天林先生（老师） 留的家庭作业太多了。 Nothing in the world moves faster than light. 世界上没有什么东西比 光走得更快。 1、Open the window and let the fresh air in.打开窗户让新鲜空气进来。 2、Okay, and I need a pen to fill out the address. 好，我还得借一支笔来
Chinese-English Translation Course Unit One Error Analysis: Part One On the test paper I. Choose the one which is proper and idiomatic . 1. Our home, once full of laughters, now deafens us with its silence. 译文A: 我们的家，曾经充满了欢声笑语，现在却充满了令人震耳欲聋的沉寂。 译文B: 我们的家，曾经充满了欢声笑语，现在却十分安静。 2. There are few of us but admire his courage. 译文A: 我们人人都佩服他的勇气。 译文B: 我们中很少有人佩服他的勇气。 3. All cities did not look like as they do today. 译文A: 在过去，城市面貌并不都像今天这样千篇一律。 译文B: 过去，城市面貌与现在完全不同。 4. To starve oneself emotionally is a mistake. 译文A: 不满足自己感情上的需要是一种错误。 译文B: 使自己的感情挨饥受饿是一种错误。 5.The boss’s girl Friday called me. 译文A: 老板的女儿星期五打电话给我了。 译文B: 老板的女秘书打电话给我了 6. Marriage bed is full of roses and thorns. 译文A: 婚姻总是有苦有甜。 译文B: 婚姻的花坛里既长鲜花也生荆棘。 7. I never go past that kindergarten but think of my happy childhood there. 译文A: 每当我走过那所幼儿园，我就回想起在那里度过的幸福童年。 译文B: 尽管我从未经过那所幼儿园，但是我回想起在那里度过的幸福童年 8. And soon over the whole surface of the marsh, a great cloud of birds hung screaming and circling in the air. 译文A: 很快就有一块乌云似的一大群野鸟在沼泽上空惊叫着，盘旋着。 译文B: 很快就有黑压压的一大群野鸟在沼泽上空惊叫着，盘旋着。 9. SS guards then shoved each prisoner in the direction the doctor had indicated. 译文A: 希特勒的党卫军按医生所指的方向推着被监禁者。 译文B: 希特勒的党卫军按医生所指的方向推着犯人。 10. Thus it was that our little romantic friend formed visions of the future for herself. 译文A: 我们的小朋友一脑袋幻想，憧憬着美丽的未来。 译文B: 我们浪漫的小朋友憧憬着美好的未来。 II. Improve the Chinese version. 1. He was wrinkled and black, with scant gray hair. 译文：他又皱又黑，头发灰白稀疏。 2. Wall Street is a dog-eat-dog place. 译文：华尔街是个狗咬狗的地方。 3. All freely falling bodies descend from the same height in equal time. 译文：一切自由降落的物体，从同样的高度，以相等的时间下降。 4. Why waste breath on them, who have turned such an unwilling ear? 译文：为什么对他们浪费口舌呢？他们又不愿意听。 5. We have plenty of company in the way of wagonloads and mule-loads of tourists — and dust. 译文：跟我们做伴的人真不少，有乘马车的，有骑骡子的——一路尘土飞扬。 6. His speech leaves no room to improvement. 译文：他的演讲没有改进的余地。 7. He thought, not very vividly, of his father and mother. 译文：他并不是很鲜明地想到了他的爸爸和妈妈。 8. Casualties were taken to several hospitals in southwestern Georgia, some of which operated on backup generators. 译文：伤亡人员被送往佐治亚州西南部的几所医院里，其中一些伤者在备用发电机的帮助下动了手术。 9. To cure his patients, he relied on a palette of remedies that included modern science, folk medicine and plain common sense. 译文：为了治疗患者，他运用了调色板方法，其中包括现代科技、民间药物和自己的直觉。
翻译——英译汉 英译汉部分要求翻译单句, 而不是段落或篇章。考生首先要读懂句子,了解句子的语法结构、使用的固定词组、习惯用法及词与词之间的语义关系, 然后, 再正确分析原文的语言现象和逻辑关系,进行透彻的理解, 最后, 力图用简洁明了的汉语表达出原文的意思。因此, 考生有必要掌握一些基本的翻译技巧。 一、翻译技巧一 一般的英译汉考题不会只是简单句。我们在做题时, 首先要从语法入手, 找寻和确定句子大的框架结构, 通过分析把句中的从句和插入部分先排除掉, 明确句子结构有助于我们正确理解整句话的意思。 (一)重点分析句子结构 其实, 就英语的句子结构而言, 是有规律可循的。除去省略句、倒装句、感叹句和 一些特殊句子外, 英语句子的结构可归纳为三类: 1. to be句型: 主语 + be + 表语 Miss Jones is a manager. 琼斯小姐是位经理。 2. to do句型: 主语 + do + (宾语) + (状语) He teaches English in this school. 他在这所学校教英语。 3. there be句型: There be + 主语 + 状语 There are beautiful wildflowers in the hills. 山中有美丽的野花。 (二)确定语法现象和惯用结构 英译汉考题中常见的重点语法有: 时态、语态、主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、 同位语从句、定语从句、状语从句、动词不定式、动名词、分词、虚拟语气、倒装句、强调句等。考生要非常熟悉这些语法现象, 才不至于对句子产生误解。例如: ?Anyone who is interested in it can go with us. 对这事感兴趣的人可以跟我们去。(who引导定语从句修饰主语anyone) ?The problem discussed at yesterday’s meeting is very important. 昨天会上讨论过的那个问题非常重要。(过去分词短语作后置定语修饰主语the problem) ?You could have done better if you had been more careful. 要是细心一点的话，你就会做得更好。(if 引导虚拟语气的条件状语从句) ?Hardly had I said that when she entered the room. 我刚说完，她就进来了。(倒装句, 否定词hardly位于句首, 助动词had 放在主语I之前 ) ?It was not until last night that I noticed this matter. 直到昨晚我才注意到这件事。(强调句: It was not until+强调成分+that句子其 余成分)
英语专业八级翻译练习题（一） The Rewards of Living a Solitary Life The other day an acquaintance of mine, a gregarious and charming man, told me he had found himself unexpectedly alone in New York for an hour or two between appointments. He went to the Whitney and spent the "empty" time looking at things in solitary bliss. For him it proved to be a shock nearly as great as falling in love to discover that he could enjoy himself so much alone. 参考译文： 独自生活的报偿 前些日子，我的一个熟人，一位热爱交际并很受欢迎的男士告诉我，他在纽约的两个约会之间偶然有一两个小时的空闲，他便去了惠特尼博物馆，四处浏览着展品，无比幸福的度过了那些时光。发现自已独自一人，也能如此的幸福，他感觉像坠入爱河那般震惊。 英语专业八级翻译练习题（二） What had he been afraid of, I asked myself? That, suddenly alone, he would discover that he bored himself, or that there was, quite simply, no self there to meet? But having taken the plunge, he is now on the brink of adventure; he is about to be launched into his own inner space to the astronaut. His every perception will come to him with a new freshness and, for a time, seem startlingly original. 参考译文： “他一直在害怕什么呢？”，我问自已。怕突然一个人呆着会发现自已厌烦自己，或者怕会失去自我？但是有了这次偿试，他便要开始探险了。他就要发射到自已心的宇宙之中。他的所见所感对他来说将会是全新的，一度会新颖的让人惊奇。 英语专业八级翻译练习题（三） For anyone who can see things for himself with a naked eye becomes, for a moment or two, something of a genius. With another human being present vision becomes double vision, inevitably. We are busy wondering, what does my companion see or think of this, and what do I think of it? The original impact gets lost, or diffused 参考译文： 因此每个能用肉眼观看事物的人，一时之间便成为天才。身边有别人存在，一个看法便不可避免地变成了双重看法。我们急于知道周边人的看法，以及我对它是怎么看的？” 最初的印像消失了，或者变得模糊不清。 英语专业八级翻译练习题（四）
高级笔译翻译考试模拟试题及答案 1 I think lawyers mistakenly believe complex language enhances the mystique of the law. 2 Not long ago, a foreign visitor whose English is extremely good told me of his embarrassment in a tea shop. 3 Meanwhile individual schools are moving on their own to redress the imbalance between teaching and research. 4We have created a faculty of scholars frequently so narrow in their studies and specialized in their scholarship they are simply incapable of teaching introductory courses. 5 Then the players find out the lottery is not particularly good bet and they find other forms of gambling. 6 The English language is in very good shape. It is changing in its own undiscoverable way, but it is not going rotten like a plum dropping off a tree. 7 There has always been a close cultural link, or tie between Britain and English-speaking America, not only in literature but also in the popular arts, especially music. 8 We must just make the best of things as they come along. 9 But once I made the decision, I went at it with all flags flying. 10Autumn’s mellow hand was upon the woods, as they owned already, touched with gold and red and olive. 解析： 1我认为律师们有一个错误的想法，即复杂的语言能增加法律的深奥性。 2不久前，一位英语极好的外国客人告诉我他在一家小吃店里的窘状。 3与此同时，各学校正采取步骤纠正教学与科研不平衡的状况。 4我们已经造就出一批学者，他们的研究范围常常如此之窄，学问如此之专门，以致他们简直无法胜任入门课程的教学。 5后来玩彩券的人发现买彩券并不是特别有利的赌博方式，于是就找到其他形式的赌博。
一、英译汉翻译的基本程序 1.通读并透彻理解原文。翻译之前仔细研读原文，解决好“翻译什么”的问题。边读边琢磨，确切理解原文所述事物本身的含义与之相关的外延联想，如原句的中心意思是什么，有没有褒贬义或寓意，对其中的修饰语的把握等。 2. 组织语言。考生要根据上下文的语境选择适当的词汇和表达手段。 3. 表达。考生要从内容和语言两方面来考虑译文，尤其注意不能扭曲原意，不能错译或漏译。 4. 审校。这是英汉翻译过程中必不可少的环节。考生将自己的译文与原文进行对照，看看译文是否忠实于原文，是否通顺易懂，是否符合汉语规范。 二、英汉翻译的基本方法 直译与意译 直译指基本保留原有句子结构，照字面意思翻译；意译是在不损害原文内容和精神的前提下，为了表达的需要，对原文做相应的调整。如： Good marriage doesn’t just happen. They take a lot of love and a lot of work. 直译：好的婚姻不会仅仅发生—它们需要大量的爱和大量的工作。 意译:幸福的婚姻不是凭空发生的---它需要你为它付出大量的爱和做大量的工作。 或：美满的婚姻不会从天上掉下来---你必须为它付出大量的爱，做大量的工作。很显然，本句话的意译要比直译更符合汉语表达习惯。当然，一句话并不限于一种译法，要根据具体需要而定。一般来说，在英汉翻译考试中，如果直译能达意就用直译，如果直译效果不好，就应该考虑意译。只要译文内容忠实，意思明白就行了。 顺译法（又名句型对应法） 顾名思义，顺译法（句型对应法）就是按原文句子结构的排列顺序进行翻译，这种译法适合于原文叙述层次与汉语相近的长句翻译，如只含名词性从句的复合句、前置的状语从句或从句在后的长复合句等等。 As an obedient son, I had to accept my parents’ decision that I was to be a doctor ,though the prospect interested in me not at all. 作为一个孝顺的儿子，我不得不接收父母的决定，去当大夫，虽然我对这样的前途毫无兴趣。 3.倒译法 倒译法就是颠倒原文句子结构的排列顺序来进行翻译。 例1： The moon is completely empty of water because the gravity on the moon is much less than on the earth. 因为月球的引力比地球小的多，所以月球上根本没有水。 例2：The football students can be removed from the university if they fail to pass their examination. 作为足球运动员的学生如果考试不及格就要被开除。 4.分译法 分译法，又称拆译法，也是一种基本的句法变通手段。从被分译成份的结构而言，分译大致可以分为单词的分译、短语的分译和从句的分译三种。 单词的分译即拆词，将难译的词从句子主干中拆离出来，另作处理，这种方法常常引起句式上的调整，英译汉中要拆译的词常常是形容词和副词。如： 1
英译汉竞赛原文： How the News Got Less Mean The most read article of all time on BuzzFeed contains no photographs of celebrity nip slips and no inflammatory ranting. It’s a series of photos called “21 pictures that will restore your faith in humanity,” which has pulled in nearly 14 million visits so far. At Upworthy too, hope is the major draw. “This kid just died. What he left behind is wondtacular,” an Upworthy post about a terminally ill teen singer, earned 15 million views this summer and has raised more than $300,000 for cancer research. The recipe for attracting visitors to stories online is changing. Bloggers have traditionally turned to sarcasm and snark to draw attention. But the success of sites like BuzzFeed and Upworthy, whose philosophies embrace the viral nature of upbeat stories, hints that the Web craves positivity. The reason: social media. Researchers are discovering that people want to create positive images of themselves online by sharing upbeat stories. And with more people turning to Facebook and Twitter to find out what’s happening in the world, news stories may need to cheer up in order to court an audience. If social is the future of media, then optimistic stories might be media’s future. “When we started, the prevailing wisdom was that snark ruled the Internet,”says Eli Pariser, a co-founder of Upworthy. “And we just had a really different sense of what works.” “You don’t want to be that guy at the party who’s crazy and angry and ranting in the corner — it’s the same for Twitter or Facebook,” he says. “Part of what we’re trying to do with Upworthy is give people the tools to express a conscientious, thoughtful and positive identity in social media.” And the science appears to support Pariser’s philosophy. In a recent study from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, researchers found that “up votes,”showing that a visitor liked a comment or story, begat more up votes on comments on the site, but “down votes” did not do the same. In fact, a single up vote increased the likelihood that someone else would like a comment by 32%, whereas a down vote had no effect. People don’t want to support the cranky commenter, the critic or the troll. Nor do they want to be that negative personality online.
1.我们看到，云计算作为一种计算模式，而不是技术。在这个模型中的“客户”插入到“云”访问IT资源定价，并提供“按需”。从本质上讲，IT资源租用及使用多个租户之间共享办公空间，公寓，或存储空间高达租户。“云”交付了一个互联网连接，取代该公司的数据中心或服务器提供相同的服务。因此，云计算是简单的在互联网上出售及交付的IT服务。参考部分云计算的类型。 2.提供虚拟化服务器上，客户可以运行现有应用程序或者开发新的，无需担心维护操作系统，服务器硬件，负载均衡或计算能力。这些供应商提供API或开发平台来创建和运行在云中的应用程序- 例如使用互联网。托管服务提供商与应用服务提供给IT部门经常被包括在这一类的监视系统和下游应用，如电子邮件病毒扫描. 3.作为面向主题意味着数据将提供有关特定主题的，而不是关于一个公司的功能信息。由于数据仓库是面向主题的，它可以让你分析连接到一个特定主题的信息。即整合意味着在数据仓库中收集到的数据可以来自不同的来源，但也可以合并成一个单元，其相关的和合乎逻辑的。具有随时间变化的装置，该数据仓库内的所有的信息可以与一个特定的时间期间内被发现。 4.重要的是，包含在一个数据仓库中的信息是稳定的。虽然数据可以被添加，它不应该被删除。此属性称为是非易失性的。当一个公司使用了数据仓库是稳定的，这将使他们能够得到他们的公司内部更好地理解操作。尽管这些条款是在上世纪90年代第一次创造，他们仍然是高度精确的今天。然而，应该指出的是，一些数据仓库是挥发性的。这样做的原因是因为许多现代数据仓库处理TB级的数据。因为他们必须存储数TB的数据，很多企业都被迫在一段时间后删除一些自己的信息。例如，一些公司将系统地删除已达到三岁的数据。之前可以建一个数据仓库中，正确的数据必须位于。通常，将要加入到仓库中的信息将来自每日信息或历史信息。历史信息可以被存储在一个传统的系统中，并且是具有挑战性的提取。 5.版权制度一起长大---印刷技术大量生产复制。版权所有来搭配这个技术，因为它限制复制的只有大众生产。它没有采取自由远离书籍的读者。一个普通的读者，谁没有自己的印刷机，只能用钢笔和墨水复印书本，和一些读者被起诉的。 6.数字技术是比印刷机更灵活：当信息具有数字形式，你可以轻松地将它复制到与他人分享。这种非常灵活，使一件不适合与像的版权制度。这就是现在用来执行软件著作权日益肮脏和严厉的措施的原因。考虑软件出版商协会（SPA）这四个做法： 7.所有四种做法类似那些在前苏联，在那里每一个复印机有一个警卫，防止禁止复制使用，使个人不得不偷偷复制信息，并从手工把它传递给手的``地下出版物''。有当然是有区别的：在动机在苏联控制信息是政治，美国的动机是利润。但它是影响我们的行为，而不是动机。任何企图阻止信息的共享，无论什么原因，导致了相同的方法和相同的生硬。 8.目前，有许多的数据是从设备传送到设备的方法。CDMA（码分多址）是一种流行的技术，和TDMA（时分多址）是一秒钟。CDMA传输多个不同的数据分组的一个通道上，用不同的代码接收器之间进行区分。TDMA，另一方面，再次使用一个信道，但下发的每个不同的数据分组的时隙。 9.OFDM不同于这些技术显著;通道本身分为窄频带，并且数据包通过每个频带分别发送。这种方法被证明是比以前使用的技术更有效的，因此它被认为是4G革命的一个组成部分。了解更多：10.由3GPP（第三代合作伙伴计划）小组开发，LTE是一种新的无线宽带技术，它不同于WiMAX 技术。LTE地方上的IP地址非常重视，因为它是密切基于TCP / IP网络骨架。我们的想法是创造足够的IP地址，使每个设备都有一个独特的一个。 11.我们使用互联网的方式它的创作者不可能想象的，从视频的兴起为连接的设备数量之多[1]。我们不断推动互联网的能力，稳定性和安全性，并不可避免地裂缝开始显现。12.与现有的互联网，安全的东西，在很大程度上是被闩上的事后补充- 但国际汽联程序期望的 安全性是从一开始就一个重要的考虑因素[2]。这导致了一些有趣的想法，其中包括安全系统， 它的灵感来自于Facebook的。戴维斯社交链接（DSL）增加了一个“社会控制层”来识别您不 是您的IP地址，而是由你的社会关系网络。如果它的工作原理- 和DSL是在发展的非常非常早 期的阶段- 它可以使问题如垃圾邮件和拒绝服务攻击的主要凹痕。 13.网页一段时间后已经抓取的搜索机器人或爬虫的搜索引擎然后处理或索引页，以确定哪些搜 索词和短语的网页是相关的，以及如何与该网页与其他网页相比对于那些短语。在此处理过程中 的搜索引擎着眼于许多不同的因素，包括有多少次每个单词和短语的页面出现，这词在标题或加 粗上，网站，在页面的文件名，链接到的网页的域名页，等等。 14.究竟哪些因素在搜索引擎看和他们是如何加权称为搜索引擎的搜索排名算法。这就像搜索引 擎的“秘密武器”。每个搜索引擎的算法是不同的，各自是一个戒备森严的秘密。 15.因为每个搜索算法是一些特定的工程师外戒备森严的秘密没有人在每个搜索引擎知道到底有 多少每个特定因素的重量为每个搜索引擎的排名。但是，谁花自己的职业生涯，帮助网站更好的 排名在搜索引擎的人都获得了很好的思路，以什么因素最为重要。 16.人工智能解决的终极难题之一。这怎么可能为一个缓慢的，微小的大脑，无论是生物或电子， 感知，理解，预测和操纵的世界远远大与比自己更复杂？如何做才好做一些与这些属性？这些都 是难以回答的问题，但搜索速度快于光速旅行或反重力装置不同的是，在人工智能的研究人员有 证据显示，这个任务是可能的。所有的研究人员所要做的就是照照镜子，看看智能系统的一个例 子。 17.AI是最新的学科之一。它正式成立于1956年，当时的名称是杜撰发起的，虽然在这一点上 的工作一直在进行约五年。随着现代遗传学，这通常被认为是该领域的''我最想的科学家在其他 学科是在''。在物理学学生可以合理认为所有的好想法已经采取了伽利略，牛顿，爱因斯坦，剩 下的，并且，它需要多年的研究才可以提供新的思路。AI，另一方面，仍然有开口全职爱因斯 坦。 18.当分子生物学家开始生成DNA序列数据27年前，它是自然的，计算机科学家和数学家将采 取了浓厚的兴趣。在这里的杂乱，湿，模拟生物世界是数字的信息：编码用于活细胞的蛋白质机 器的整个蓝图4的化学基团的线性字符串。你怎么会不感兴趣开裂的代码？ 19.你将永远不会有去打猎了笔纸或一块一遍，再也不必担心寻找那个失踪餐巾潦草地写上了新 的系统设计。在类似的多媒体个人电脑，所有的消费电子产品发展的方式- 音乐CD播放机， 传真机，寻呼机，音频期刊- 将被集成到可穿戴式设计。一台设备将能够处理所有形式的电子 媒体，无论它是音频，视频，或无线数字通信。可穿戴计算的很少意识到方面是增强现实：现实 世界和虚拟世界的无缝集成。当叠加了外部世界的看法电子存储信息是非常有用的。例如：字幕 显示与博物馆的展品，在脸上名称（通过面部识别），与当前项目相关的接线原理图。 20.私家侦探，通过反射技术制造，是一个基于LED显示屏，可以在720-780的分辨率产生黑白 图像，它使用振镜来创建此图像。 21.在西哈诺科学,inc .我们是商业化电子鼻技术发明了加州理工学院的技术。该技术包括传感器 组成的数组,将填充聚合物导电粒子。当这些传感器接触一个蒸汽,聚合物扩大改变电阻的复合。 这种变化在电阻会传送到一台电脑和模式来自传感器阵列是用于确定类型、数量或质量的气味, 感觉到。这种类型的信息是有用的在一个广泛的行业包括化工、汽车、医药、石油、食品和香水。 22.除臭剂、肥皂、香水和葡萄酒都是消费产品开发的帮助人类感官面板。替换或增加人类的方 法与客观电子鼻是目前正在接受调查。这个工具不仅会很有用,在新产品的开发,也为质量控制生 产环境。许多制造地板配有自动视觉检测。 23.1、人机界面（HCIS），计算机及其用户之间的联系；2、增强感知，这些工具可以提高人类 的正常认知能力；3、自动媒体解读，它提供了先进的数字媒体，如视频和电影的内容的理解， 而不需要人工干预或注解；4、视频监控和生物识别技术。 24.第一步包括通过减去估计的“背景图像”- 1，它表示仅在静态对象的场景，从当前帧（图 3a和3b，左）检测场景中的所有的运动物体。下一步是区分的形状因子，如高度的基础上，移 动车辆人：宽之比，并以查找他们的头的顶部区域中的轮廓。在这种方式中，头部的速度在每一 帧被自动确定。然后，一系列速度样品重复测量每个人的场面。每个系列占地面积约10秒的间 隔，这足以侦测可疑行为模式。 25.算法序列比较，并找到类似的地区是在生物信息学的心脏。在许多不同的层面，它们被用来 寻找基因，确定其职能，研究他们的监管和评估如何，以及整个基因组随着时间而演变。 26.这个问题，在我看来，我们当前的电脑都是又聋又盲：他们体验世界只有通过键盘和鼠标。 即使是多媒体机器，那些处理音像信号和文本一样，只是运输字符串的数据。他们不了解他们传 达的字符，声音和图片的背后意义。我相信计算机必须能够看到和听到我们在做什么在证明的很 有帮助之前。更重要的是，他们必须能够认识到我们是谁，尽可能多的另一个人或甚至一只狗会， 理解我们所思考的。 27.我们的最终产品利用了事实，Pfinder 遵循用户的位置在所有时间。借贷这信息，语音识别 系统电子“引导”一组固定的麦克风，以便他们加强只有那些声音的方向，用户的嘴。这是一个 容易的工作。因为在一个固定的声音传播速度，他到达不同的位置在稍微不同的时代。所以每一 个声音位置的不同模式的收益率时间延迟。因此，如果系统需要的输出和一个固定的阵列麦克风， 并将其添加到时间延迟，描述一个特定的位置，它可以从该位置加强声音。然后他只需要比较声 音与已知的单词，直到找到匹配。