英语语法: 英语从句完全汇总
一.主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.
It is in the morning that the murder took place.
It is John that broke the window.
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is +名词+从句
It is a fact that …事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) it is +形容词+从句
It is natural that…很自然…
It is strange that…奇怪的是…
(3) it is +不及物动词+从句
It seems that…似乎…
It happened that…碰巧…
(4) it +过去分词+从句
It is reported that…据报道…
It has been proved that…已证实…
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
(1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
(2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right)
That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong)
(3) It happens…, It occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right)
That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong)
(4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right)
Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong)
(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right)
Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong)
4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语.宾语.表语，而that 则不
然。例如：
1) What you said yesterday is right.
2) That she is still alive is a consolation.
二.宾语从句
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。
1. 作动词的宾语
(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略),例如：
I heard that be joined the army.
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：
1) She did not know what had happened.
2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.
(3) 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。例如：
She told me that she would accept my invitation.
2. 作介词的宾语
例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.
3. 作形容词的宾语
例如：I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.
That 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：
Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。
4. It 可以作为形式宾语
It 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如：
We heard it that she would get married next month..
5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词
这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。例如：
I admire their winning the match. (right)
I admire that they won the match. (wrong)
6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词
有些动词不可用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句“结构中，常见的有Envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如：
He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right)
He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong)
7. 否定的转移
若主句谓语动词为Think, consider, wuppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：
I don’t think this dress fits you well.(我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。)
三.表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语+连系
动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that…和It is because 等结构。例如：
1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.
2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people
3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.
4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.
四.同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
1. 同位语从句的功能
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：
1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.
2. 同位语在句子中的位置
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语)，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征;同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.(他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。)(第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语)
2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。)(同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分)
英语语法: 英语从句完全汇总 一.主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that …事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is +形容词+从句 It is natural that…很自然… It is strange that…奇怪的是… (3) it is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that…似乎… It happened that…碰巧… (4) it +过去分词+从句 It is reported that…据报道… It has been proved that…已证实… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens…, It occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong) (4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong) (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right) Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong) 4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语.宾语.表语，而that 则不
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即 状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以 下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属 于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外， 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先 行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语 里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first
从句 从句按其在主句中的句法功能可分为三类: 即名词性从句、形容词性从句(即定语从句)和副词性从句(即状语从句)。 引导从句的词称作关联句. 一、名词性从句 引导这些名词性从句的关联词包括: 从属连词that, if, whether; 连接代词 who,whoever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,what,whatever,wh ose; 连接副词where, when, why, how。 其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分, 而连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分. That Owen should have married his cousin is not at all surprising. The fact is that he didn't go to the dinner party. I don't know if he will attend the meeting. Have you heard the news that Mary is going to marry Tom? 你听说玛丽要和汤姆结婚的消息了吗?(that引导同位语从句) [提示]
1. 在含有主语从句的复合句中, 为保持句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句置于句末. It's well-known that water is indispensable to life.(形式主语) 2. 为保持句子平衡, that引导的宾语从句也常用it代替, 而将真正的宾语从句置于主句句末。这常常出现在主句有形容词或分词作宾语补足语的情况下。 He made it quite clear that he preferred to live here. 3. 从属连词whether和if都作“是否…”解, 但if不可引导主语从句和表语 从句。whether可与or(not)连用, 而if不可以。 I don't know whether (if) she is at home. Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 4. that和what引导名词性从句的区别: that在从句中不充当成分,而what在从句中充当一定的成分, 如主语、表语、宾语等。that可省略, what则不可省。 He always means what he says. She suggested (that) he do it at once. 5. 同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导, 常跟在下列名词后面, 如fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等, that不可省。同位语从句一般用来解释说明这些名词的具体含义和内容。 We are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms. The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging.
1. Tim is in good shape physically he doesn't get much exercise. A. if B. even though C. unless D. as long as 2. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______ accompanied by an adult. A. once B. when C. if D. unless 3. you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break she got to her office． A．since B．that C．when D．until* m John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job. A. when B. after C. before D. since 6. Today, we will begin ________we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. A. when B. where C. how D. what 7. She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. A. when B. while C. after D. since 8. My parents don’t mind what job I do I am happy. A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though 9. You can’t borrow books from the s chool library ______ you get your student card. A. before B. if C. while D. as 10. All the dishes in this menu, otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. A. as B. if C. though D. unless of the financial crisis, days are gone _ _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for
（精华版）初中英语语法基本从句汇总从句的共同特点 从句是指在一个句子中充当一个成分的句子，充当什么成分就叫什么从句，如：充当宾语就叫宾语从句，充当定语成分就叫定语从句。 从以上定义中我们可以得出关于从句的一个最大特点：从句是句子。 从句的共同特点：1.从句都有自己的连接词2.从句都是陈述语序(陈述语序就是主语在前，谓语在后，如：He is a teacher主语He在谓语is之前，因此是陈述语序，而Is he a teacher?主语He在谓语is之后，因此不是陈述语序。) 1宾语从句 宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的句子，如：He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he grew up. 宾语从句的特点： ①宾语从句有自己的连接词 ②宾语从句用陈述语序 ③宾语从句的时态 1
①宾语从句的连接词：宾语从句的连接词包括that、if/whether(是否)、特殊疑问词。 ②宾语从句的语序; A.宾语从句的连接词后加陈述语序(主语在前，谓语在后),如：I want to know if he can come tomorrow B.当连接词本身又是宾语从句的主语时，后面直接加谓语动词，如：She asked me who had helped him. ③宾语从句的时态，只要记住以下口诀就可以了“主现则从任，主过则从过，客观真理一般现” A.主现则从任：主句如果是一般现在时，则从句根据时间状语需要从八种时态中任选一种，如：1.He tells me he likes English very much(一般现在时) B.主过则从过：主句如果是一般过去时，则从句根据时间状语需要从四种带“过”字的时态中任选一种，带“过”字的时态分别是如：一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时。 如：He told me that he liked playing football(一般过去时) C.客观真理一般现:客观真理永远用一般现在时。 如：1.He says the moon goes around the earth. 2状语从句 2
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解 小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述转化that引，一般疑问用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一．基本讲解来源：直接引语变间接引语 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 Eg: He said,“I am good at drawing”. He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) 1.引导词 (1) that引导宾语从句时，通常用陈述句充当, that可省略。 Eg: She said,“I want to go there ”She said (that) she wanted to go there. (2) whether 或if 引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当，陈述语序。 Eg: “Are you interested in geography?” she said. She asked if/whether I was interested in geography. I wonder if /whether she has told the new to Li Lei . I’m not sure whether he will come or not. 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外 a. 介词短语后只用whether 不用if eg: We are talking about whether we'll go on the panic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或or not 连用时，只用whether. eg:I can?t say whether or not he will come on time c. if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句，表示‘如果’，不能用whether. Eg: If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times. Whether you can succeed depends on how much effort you pay. (3).特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，不可省略，陈述句语序。 特殊疑问词为：how , when, where, why ,which whose. E.g. …What do you want?? He asked. He asked me what I wanted. I have no idea where he is now. I don?t know how to deal with it. He asked whose handwriting is the best in the class. 2.宾语从句时态 a.主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制 eg: Do you know if/whether he has seen the film? I?m sorry to hear that your father is ill. She says she is going to go to Beijing next week. He tells me that his sister came back yesterday. b.当主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的相应某种时态 She didn?t know why the boy was late again. (过去一般) I didn't know if/whether he had seen the film.（过去完成） I wondered when she was going to America.（过去将来） 注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如： Eg: He said （that the earth moves round the sun. / that light travels much faster than sound.）The teacher told us （seeing is believing.）
} 定语从句：在复合句中作定语用修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 定语从句功能及位置 功能：定语从句相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。 位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后。 ① 定语从句的位置：放在名词或代词的后面。如：The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle. (手上抓了一把雨伞的人是我的叔叔。) ② 语法术语的改变：被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词；引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,其中that、which、who称为关系代词,where、when、how称为关系副词。 ③ 关系代词或关系副词的作用： @ 关系代词who、whom 和whose指人,分别在从句中作主语、宾语和定语。which 指物that多指物, 有时也指人,它们在从句中可以作主语或宾语。定语从句中关系代词作从句宾语时可以省略。This is the thief (that/who/whom) we have been looking for these days. (这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。) / Please find a room which is big enough for all of us to live in. (请找一间足够大能住下我们全体的房间。) 关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。如：This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago. (这是一个星期前他们吵架的房间。) / I can never forget the day when I first saw you. (我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。) ④ 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句在句中不能省略,否则主句意思就不完整。非限制性定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,这种从句是一种附加说明,如果从句子中省去,也不致于影响主句的意思。如：She spent the whole evening talking about her latest book, which none of us had heard of. (她一个晚上都在谈论她最近的书,我们一个人都没有听说过那本书。)
时间状语从句常由以下连接词引导：when（当……时），as（一边……一边；当…时），while（在……期间），after（在……之后），before（在……之前），as soon as（一……就），since（自从），till(until)（直到……，直到……才），whenever（任何时候），the moment（一……就），no sooner than（一……就），hardly…when… （一……就）等。由以上连接词（或词组）连接的主从复合句中，主句和从句的动作，有的是同时发生，有的是先后发生。因此，要特别注意根据连接词所代表的时间不同，主句和从句的谓语要使用相应的时态。这是掌握时间状语从句的关键。 1. when 和whenever 引导的从句：从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作发生。例如： When we reached home, it was already dark. 我们到家的时候天已经黑了。 When my cousin came yesterday, I was playing volleyball. 昨天我表哥来时，我正在打排球。 When it rains, I go to school by bus.下雨的时候，我坐车去学校。 I shall tell her the good news when she comes. 她来时，我将告诉她这个好消息。（主从句都表示将来发生的动作，但要注意从句中要用一般现在时，表示将来。） Come to see us whenever you can.你什么时候有空，就过来看看我们。 2. while 和as 引导的从句：while表示“当…过程中”，强调某一段时间主句和从句的动作在同时发生。as表示“当…时”或 “一边…一边”，主句和从句的动作同时发生。例如： Work while you work; play while you play. 该工作的时候就工作，该玩的时候就玩。 While he is reading, he always makes notes. 他经常一面看书，一面做笔记。 She sings as she goes along.她边走边唱。 You will grow wiser as you grow older. 随着年龄的增长，你会更加聪明起来。 3. before 和after 引导的从句：前者一般表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。后者表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。 例如： I didn’t know any English before I came here. 我来这儿之前，一点英语都不懂。 I had written my report before my mother came back.
语法内容----从句 一．从句的分类 主语从句（谓语之前）This is what he told me last night. 表语从句（系动词之后）What he said is true. 宾语从句（实意动词之后）Tell me what he said at the meeting. 同位语从句名词之后，与名词是等同关系）The news that he will come makes me happy.（解释the news) 定语从句（修饰名词或代词）The news that he tole me is true 状语从句（修饰动词） 1.)时间.....I stayed home while ha was away.(说明呆家的时间） 2.)地点....You should put the book where it was.(说明放的位置） 3. 原因....He didn’t come because he was ill.(说明没来的原因） 4.)结果...He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch cup him(他跑得快 导致的结果） 5.) 目的...We left early so that we could catch the first train.(说明 我们早出发的目的） 6.) 条件...I will not lend the book to you unless you return it in
time.(说明我借书给你的前提条件） 7.）让步...(Although he may have told you, I still think she is not to be trusted.(说明就算退一步讲，我也不信任她） 8.）方式...You should do as I tell you.(说明你要做的方式） 9.）比较...The room is bigger than that one.(形容/副词的比较用法） 二、从句的连接词(根据从句类型来用） 1.名词性从句- 主语从句陈述句（that) 宾语从句-----根据从句类型一般疑问句(weather/if) 表语从句特殊疑问句(what/how/when/ 同位语...- where/why/who.)以宾从为例陈述句：He said that he could help me.(I can help you) 一般问句He asked weather/if I could help him.( Can you help me?)特殊问句：He asked what I was doing.( What are you doing? He asked how I did it?.( How did you do it?)
英语中六大从句用法总结 从句是指用于复合句中担当某个句子成分的主谓结构。虽说从句自身的句子结构是完整的，但是它不能视为独立的句子，因为它离开了主语就无法独立、完整地表达意思。按其所能表达的意义而言,它相当于一个词或是一个词组. 按从句的句子功能划分（也就是按从句在句子中所担任的成分来划分），从句可分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。 1.主语从句 1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有： *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that... *It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that... *It is clear\important\likely\possible that... *It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that... It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation. It seems that the performance is very useful. 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”，一般不用it作形式主语。 What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义，但它们引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. I did know why I felt like crying. 2.宾语从句 1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。 *I promised that I would change the situation. *All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship. *He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children. *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long. 2)宾语从句后如有宾补，要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. 3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。 He didn't think that the money was well spent. 3.表语从句 表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外，还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.
初中英语语法专题讲座——状语从句 状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表： 时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before，as long as（长达……之久） 条件 If, unless,as/so long as(只要) 原因 As, because, since，as/so long as(既然,因为) 地点 Where 目的 So that(为了), in order that 结果 So that（方便）, so…that,such…that 让步 though, although, even if, however 方式 As 比较than, (not)as…as, 时间状语从句： Whenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次来都带个朋友。 They all continued their regard for me as long as they lived. 他们毕生都在关心着我. 条件状语从句： As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着，我就要学习。 原因状语从句： Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我们住在海边，能享受到好的天气。 地点状语从句： Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。 目的状语从句： Finish this so that you can start another.把这个做完，（为了）你可以开始另一个。 结果状语从句： He was so angry that he couldn't say a word. 他气得说不出话了。 让步状语从句： Though he is in poor health, he works hard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。
定语从句 1.1 定语从句的两个重要概念：先行词和关系词： 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的对象称为先行词。 关系词：重复指代先行词，起连接主句和从句的作用，并且在定语从句中充当一定成分的连接词称为关系词。关系词有两个作用： 1.代词的作用：重复指代先行词并且在定语从句中充当一定成分，比如I don’t like people who never keep their word.中的who指代people并且作从句的主语。 2.连接作用：即连接主句和从句，如上句who起着连接主句I don’t like people和从句who never keep their word 的作用 1.2 关系词在定语从句充当的成分 在上一节中，在谈到关系词的“代词作用”时，提到它“重复指代先行词并且在定语从句中充当一定的成分”。因此接下来的分析思路是，以关系词为出发点，从两个角度来谈定语从句：一是关系词在从句中所能充当的各种不同成分；二是关系词与先行词的对应关系，即不同的先行词要由不同的关系词来指代。 1.2.1 关系词用作从句的主语 1. I like guys and they have a good sense of humor. ↓ 2. I like guys w h o have a good sense of humor. 点睛：这里的关系词who取代and they，来引导定语从句who have a good sense of humor,修饰名词guys。这个guys就是先行词。 翻译：我喜欢有幽默感的男生。 3. Anger is a thief who steals away the nice moments. 翻译：愤怒就如同一个窃贼，盗取了我们的幸福时光。 4. He who is not handsome at twenty, nor strong at thirty, nor rich at forty, nor wise at fifty, will never be handsome, rich or wise. 翻译：一个人若在20岁时不俊美，30岁不健康，40岁不富有，50岁时不明智，那么他将永远不会拥有这些。 5. There is this difference between happiness and wisdom: the person who thinks himself the happiest man really is so ; but the person who thinks himself the wisest is generally the greatest fool. 翻译：幸福与智慧区别于此：认为自己是最幸福的，他真的就是最幸福的；而认为自己是最有智慧的，他却往往是最大的傻瓜。 6. Of course I am not talking about easy-come-easy-go friendship. I’m talking about friends who care deeply about each other, who support each other, who make life worth living. 翻译：当然了，我这里所说的的友谊不是那种“来的快去的也快”的泛泛之交，而是那种彼此之间能真正互相关心的朋友，就能够互相支持的朋友，能够让你的人生更有意义的朋友。 1.2.2 关系词用作从句动词的宾语（relative pronoun as object of verb） 关系词除了像上面讨论的在定语从句中作主语外，还可以在从句中作宾语。
初中英语语法状语从句讲解专项练习选择合适的连接词，完成下列句子。 spends a lot of money on books______he is not rich. fell into sleep ______she was listening to the music. David at school today ----No. He is at home ______he has a bad cold. , won't have supper ______my mother comes back. to him slowly ______he may understand you better. 6. ______ she doesn't come on Sunday, I'll go fishing by myself. is four years ______I had left that small village. 8. ______the air moves, it is called wind. will go to the park ______it doesn't rain tomorrow. boys did ______much work. are few new words in the passage ______we can't understand it. ? back ______you come from. reached the station ______the train had left. you have a swimming pool ----No, we don't. At least, not ______big ______yours. me your paper ______you have finished it. is raining hard, ______we have to stay at home. 17. ______you work harder, you'll never pass the final exam. after the children ______I am out. ' village is ______far away ______I can't get there on foot. is ______an interesting book ______I can't stop reading it. 能力提高练习 1 ( ) 1 The meeting didn't start___ everyone was there. A. because B. until C. why D. if ( ) 2 The boy ___ to bed ___ his mother came in. A. went not; until B. didn't go; after C. went; until D. didn't go; until ( ) 3 I won't believe you___ I have seen it with my own eyes. A. before B. until C. after D. when ( ) 4 He ___ home ___ she was satisfied ___ his answer yesterday. A. didn't go; until; with B. wasn't go; after; to C. doesn't go; before; with D. didn't go; until; to ( ) 5 He ___ back until the work ___ done. A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is ( ) 6 They didn't start the work ___ their teacher came back. A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if 2 ( ) 1 Tom will call me as soon as he ___ Shanghai. A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to ( ) 2 I'm sure he'll come to see me before he ___ Beijing. A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves ( ) 3 I will tell him the news as soon as he___ back. A. come B. comes C. will come D. came 3 ( ) 1 Tom has got a watch. He ___ it for two years. It _______ by his father. A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought "' ( ) 2 When he got to the station, the train ___. A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left
高中从句相关知识 （表语从句、主语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句） （一）表语从句 1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2．构成：关联词+简单句 3．引导表语从句的关联词的种类： (1) 从属连词that。如： The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如： He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us.问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如： All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. 这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。 ★★★能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如： It looked +（as if it was going to rain.）看起来天要下雨了。 (3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever；连接副词where, when, how, why。 如：The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it.问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。☆☆☆解释： 1．连词because可引导表语从句。如： I think it is because you are doing too much.我想这是因为你做得太多。 2．在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。★写作文可以用：My suggestion is that ……