2011年职称英语考试阅读理解必看高分秘笈
发表日期：2010-11-4来源： [课堂辅导] [每日一测]
在职称英语考试的所有题型中，阅读理解的得分权重最大，占试卷总分的45%。因此进入强化阶段后，考生在全面系统的复习教材文章时，应把重点放在阅读理解上来，掌握教材上的阅读理解重点文章内容和解题技巧。
一、阅读理解题型主要考查考生以下四个方面：
1.掌握所读材料的主旨和大意;
2.了解说明主旨和大意的事实和细节;
3.既理解字面的意思，也能根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论;
4.既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文的逻辑关系，理解文章的深层含义。
二、阅读理解题型复习策略分析
1、复习方向：
复习教材上的阅读文章以本类别和级别的新增文章为主。例如你是综合C级的考生，复习时首先以综合C的文章为主，然后复习本类别其他级别的文章，如果有精力的话可以看看其他类别的文章。
2、常考的阅读理解题型：
职称考试中的阅读理解部分题型相对稳定，只要熟悉它们的出题方法与做法，并进行有针对性的训练，就能大幅度提高成绩。常见的题型主要有：
（1）主旨题
复习文章时首先要看文章的标题。文章的标题往往是短文中心意义所在，这有利于做后面的主旨题。主旨题考查的主要是考生把握主题与中心思想的能力。主要形式有：
1. The main idea of this passage is ________.
2. The passage mainly discusses ________.
3. What is the passage primarily concerned about？
（2）细节题
这类问题测试考生把握文章细节的能力，主要与文中的考点相联系，如：最高级、惟一性、其他对比、数字年代、原因等。主要形式有：
A、是非题（三正一误或三误一正）
1. Which of the following is TRUE？
2. Which of the following is NOT TRUE？
3. Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in Paragraph ×？
B、例证题
The author gives an example in Paragraph × mainly to show that ________.
C、其他具体题，如问原因的
1） Which of the following may lead to （cause） ________.
2） The main reason for …… is ________.
（3）词义题
这类问题主要测试考生使用词语搭配和根据上下文判断词义的能力。主要形式有：
1. The word “……” in Line （Paragraph）× most probably means ________.
2. In Paragraph ×， the word “……” refers to （stands for） ________.
3. The word “……” in Paragraph × can be best replaced by ________. （4）推理题
这类问题主要测试考生能否在理解字面意义的基础上，根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推理，进而理解文章的隐含意义和深层意义。
主要形式有：
1. It is implied in the passage that ________.
2. The passage implies （suggests） that ________.
3. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
三、高分通关必做功课：
1.保证单词量：单词是考试中理解文章的基础，而很多考生往往单词背得很少，导致理解错误;或者单词背得不熟，导致理解太慢。比如很多考生连 pessimistic （悲观的），in that （由于，因为）等这些考试中常用单词和词组都没有背出;还有很多同学记忆单词靠主观猜想，如不少同学认为objective（客观的）是“反对的”之意。在考前时间不多的情况下，考生可以通过熟记职称真题中的核心词汇，抓重点来背。
2.及时作总结：有的考生练习做了不少，但是水平提高不多。究其原因，主要是缺少了总结这一环节。正所谓“学而不思则罔”。只练习不总结就是缺少了更高层次的思考，不能知道自己的不足在哪里，更不能有针对性地加以改正。在作总结的时候，考生可以站在出题者的角度，分析其出题的一般思路，归纳其设臵正确答案和干扰选项的共性。另外还要注意把做错的题目按题型加以分类，并在每一类中总结出错的共同原因，此原因即为需要改进的不足。
概而言之，在职称英语强化阶段，考生需要掌握应试策略，提高应试技巧，有效练习，及时总结。
2011年职称英语考试完形填空做题技巧总结
发表日期：2010-11-4来源： [课堂辅导] [每日一测]
完形填空题是我们最熟悉最头痛的一种题型，在职称英语考试中，它是最后一道题（第51-65题，共15题，每题1分共15分）。完形填空题的短文中有 15个填空，每个空为一题，每题有4个选项，要求在4个选项（4个单词）中填入1个最佳答案，在填空处句子填入选项单词，要求必须符合语法词法句法结构、符合逻辑结构和关系、符合短文内容意思，最终使短文意思完整、内容连贯、文理畅通、结构合理。完形填空题是最难的一种题型，所以，近两年的考试中，都是在《考试用书》的15篇短文中一字不改地出的，把最难的题变成了送分题。希望今年也是如此，如果不是，那就要掌握这类题的特点和做题的步骤与技巧了。完形填空难就难在，它要求我们要有较高的语法词法句法知识、语言理解能力和综合运用语言能力。它所设计的每一个填空在内容上都要求与上下文在语法词法句法和逻辑结构关系上密切联系，据统计，在15个选项中，要求填入实词（动词、名词和形容词）的占了三分之二以上，其他要求填入虚词（介词、副词）的占三分之一左右，要求填的词几乎包括各种词类以及动词的不同时态和语态，有的甚至是固定短语或习惯用法。因此，一是其要求我们不但要有相当的语法、词汇、句法知识及运用技巧，要有一定的语言分析能力、较好语感与逻辑思维和较广泛的背景知识等外，二是其只是在四个没有任何联系中单词中选取一个，一个单词的信息量是极少的，它要求我们必须从填空处句子在内容意思上、语法词法句法和逻辑结构关系上获取更多的信息量，才能选出最佳答案。
1、做题总思路：
从分析题型的设计知道，这类题其实是前三类考题（“阅读判断”、“概括大意与完成句子”和“补充短文”）的进一步提升，就是要加大对短文信息量的摄取。
所以，做前三类题的步骤和技巧，特别是思路和逻辑推理方法，也是十分适用其类题的。
针对这类题的要求和特点：是要在4个选项单词中选出1个符合语法知识、逻辑结构和前后内容意思衔接的单词，补充到原文划线的填空处句子，使原文成为一篇意思完整、前后连贯的短文；根据其要求与特点，有的放矢，我们还是运用综合分析排除法来选出正确的答案：一是不符合“语法词法句法”的排除，二是不符合“逻辑结构关系”的排除，三是不能使填空处“内容意思连贯”的排除。要正确运用这些方法，当然能通读并读懂原文最好，因为这类题的原文难度一般是比较适中（长度大约150个词左右），较容易掌握其大意。如果不能完全读懂，至少要读懂填空处句子的意思。所以其重点是真空处所在的句子。
2、做题注意事项及要求：
（1）尽量通读全文，掌握大意；
（2）做每个填空处要认真阅读其所在句子；
（3）不要钻牛角尖和强人所难。做这类题，做得一题算一题；
（4）遵守“第一感觉原理”，相信语感，不要随意改自己第一次所选的答案；（5）注意填空处句子第一个和最后一个词、填充处句子的大概意思；
（6）对于不能确定的选项，可以查字典；
（7）要融会贯通综合分析的方法和以上技巧，并在《考试用书》中加以演练。
3、做题步骤：（根据总思路和参照前三类考题，分三步走）
（1）通读全文。这是与上三类考题不一样的地方。要求我们要浏览一篇原文，尽能力理解原文内容，并对全文的语言表达方式，如原文的时态语态、措辞语气、大意内容等有大概印象。这并不要求我们一定要精读并读懂原文，只是希望通过通读全文，能摄取到最大的做题信息量；
（2）自上而下，按顺序做题，特别注重填空处句子。在通读全文的基础上，开始从头判断每个填空处所缺的词的语言形式，按符合语法词法句法、符合逻辑结构关系、符合内容意思连贯的三要求，采用综合分析排除法，判断填入的词应具有的符合文章上下文的词义、词性、时态和语态等；
（3）对照理解，选择最佳答案。从4个选项中，选出符合以上三个标准与原文相符合的一个。
4、做题技巧——综合分析排除法：（与前三类考题的技巧大体一致，在此略讲）（1）考查填空处句子，根据符合语法词法句法的要求进行排除。
1）把不符合语法知识的单词排除，包括时态、语态、单复数等，在句子中都应保持一致，具体技巧参见前三类考题所述，特别是动词要注意其时态与语态、名词的数；
2）把不符合词法的单词排除，包括词性（动词、形容词、名词、副词等）、词义（与要求填入的意思相符）、词组和短语及习惯用法（当然可以查字典），特别是注意填空处句子的前后单词与填入单词的意思要求；
3）把不符合句法的单词排除，从句子结构中（缺主语、谓语、宾语、状语等）确定所填空处要填入的词是名词、动词还是形容词、副词等，进行排除；
（2）考查全文的大意，根据符合逻辑结构关系的要求进行排除。
1）选择选项词时，应善于通过阅读上下文及全文大意找出与填空处所缺词有关的线索。注意前面是否已经提到该词所涉及的内容，以及所缺词的词性和词义等。对不符合逻辑结构关系的词给予排除；
2）如果在同一个句子中有两个填空处或上下两个句子都有填空处，应联系两个填空处的选项进行考查，特别是词组和短语及习惯用法等；
3）注意填空处所缺词与选项单词关系，要求填入的所缺词应尽量与全文一致，所以，对于选项词中有全文出现过的实词或其词性不同的词时，有可能是最佳的选项；
4）选项单词在全文中有出现，或者在所填空处是首次或中间出现，都较有可能是最佳的选项；
5）对于副词，就要根据句子的关系进行选择。具体看“补全短文的（3）符合内容衔接、意思连贯的关系的确定可能性和结合排除”的技巧和关系连接词。
最后，希望大家对照着答题技巧，在好好复习和练习的基础上，运用作战答题技巧，规避可能发生的错误。加油。
很多学员在刚开始进行职称英语考试复习的过程中，发现背过的单词当时记住了，但很快就忘掉了，背单词成了他们的“头号”难题!
为了解决大家背单词“记了就忘”这个问题，现将职称英语辅导团队的老师们总结出来了一些背单词的方法和经验拿出来和大家分享，希望会对大家有所帮助。
1.要树立背单词的决心：如果把背单词比作英语学习中最难啃的一块骨头的话，那么越是难啃的骨头就越需要有耐心和毅力一直坚持下去，要一鼓作气，把它攻下。否则再而衰，三而竭。
2.背的时间：在睡觉之前和起来之后背，平时的闲暇时候也可以看看。如果在这两个时间(特别是早上)让你很没有精神，不如换时间。总之，适合你的时间才是最好的。
3.背的原则：
1)由少到多：最开始背单词的时候，可以先背少一点，每天3个左右，甚至更少。不要听别人说每天背200多个单词，也想学他们，那样狂背。如果你今天的目标是背500个单词，却只背下了50个，你的痛苦将大于你成功的喜悦。
2)及时复习：背单词其实就是遗忘和抗遗忘的过程。及时的复习，可以最大程度的减少遗忘。根据专家的意见，一般是第1天背完，第2，4，8，15天就要复习。
3)造句子：在第一遍背完词汇之后，可以把每个单词造个简单的句子进行记忆。
4. 背单词的方法：大多数考生一提背单词，头立刻变大，因为背单词是很枯燥的学习过程。其实记忆单词还是有方法的，比如可以利用词缀、单词组合和拆分、谐音等方法去进行记忆，更多记忆单词的方法在词汇记忆法课上老师会有详细讲解，只要灵活运用这些方法，就可以大大减少背单词的时间，提高背单词效率!
5. 背单词要求：眼睛看，嘴里念，手里写，同步进行。要求看到单词能够做到：读得出，懂得意思，写得出中文。
最后，大家要谨记的一点就是：Practice makes perfect!始终相信，你是最好的，你一定可以做到!
2011年职称英语考试完形填空题型攻略
发表日期：2010-10-28来源： [课堂辅导] [每日一测]
职称英语考试完型填空（15分）
如果有人问职称英语考试哪块最难，考生们肯定会异口同声说是完形填空。不过最近几年的考试中，完形填空基本都出自教材，教材中的每一类都有15篇文章，考生只要把这15篇文章弄的滚瓜烂熟，准备时要注意文章空白处有可能变化，这样考试时基本就没有问题了。
完型填空主要考察三大内容，
（1）语法和词汇
（2）固定搭配
（3）上下文的逻辑推理。在基础复习阶段，无忧网校职称英语辅导团队建议考生重点复习词汇和语法及固定搭配的内容：
1.需要参考历年完型考试的真题，熟悉题型特点，考生可以从历年真题当中总结并学习每年真题当中都有一些不断重复的语法考点，比如动词时态，冠词考察，介词等的考查。
2.常用词组及句型的记忆。建议记在固定一个本上，每天用一些时间去学习、观察、记忆。
职称英语阅读理解 文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-MG129]
【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】 【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】 第二十七篇Driven to Distraction Joe Coyne slides into the driver’s seat, starts up the car and heads1 to town. The empty stretch of interstate gives way to urban congestion2, and Coyne hits the brakes as a pedestrian suddenly crosses the street in front of him. But even if he hadn’t stopped in time, the woman would have been safe. She isn’t real. Neither is the town. And Coyne isn’t really driving. Coyne is demonstrating a computerized driving simulator that is helping researchers at Old Dominion University3 (ODU) examine how in-vehicle guidance systems affect the person behind the wheel.4 The researchers want to know if such systems, which give audible or written directions, are too distracting — or whether any distractions are offset5 by the benefits drivers get from having help finding their way in unfamiliar locations.6 “We are looking at the performance and mental workload of drivers,” said Caryl Baldwin, the assistant psychology professor lending the research, which involves measuring drivers reaction time and brain activity as they respond to auditory and visual cues7. The researchers just completed a study of the mental workload8 involved in driving through different kinds of environments and heavy
第四十一篇 Too Little for Global Warming Oil and gas will run out1 too fast for doomsday global warming scenarios2 to materialize, according to a controversial new analysis presented this week at the University of Uppsala in Sweden. The authors warn that all the fuel will be burnt before there is enough carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to realize predictions of melting ice caps and searing temperatures. Defending their predictions, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change3 say they considered a range of estimates of oil and gas reserves, and point out that coal-burning could easily make up4 the shortfall. But all agree that burning coal would be even worse for the planet. The IPCC’s predictions of global meltdown pushed forward5 the 1997 Kyoto Protocol6, an agreement obliging signatory nations to cut CO2 emissions. The IPCC considered a range of future scenarios, from unlimited burning of fossil-fuels to a fast transition towards greener energy sources. But geologists Anders Sivertsson, Kjell Aleklett and Colin Campbell of Uppsala University say there is not enough oil and gas left even the most conservative of the 40 IPCC scenarios to come to pass7. Although estimates of oil and gas reserves vary widely, the researchers are part of a growing group of experts who believe that oil supplies will peak as soon as 2010, and gas soon after. Their analysis suggests that oil and gas reserves combined amount to the equivalent of about 3,500 billion barrels of oil considerably less than the 5,000 billion barrels estimated in the most optimistic model envisaged by the IPCC. Even the average forecast of about 8,000 billion barrels is more than twice the Swedish estimate of the world’s remaining reserves. Nebojsa akicenovic, an energy economist at the University of Vienna, Austria who headed the 80-strong IPCC team that produced the forecasts, says the panel’s work still stands8. He says they factored in9 a much broader and internationally accepted range of oil and gas estimates than the “conservative”Swedes. Even if oil and gas run out. “there’s a huge amount of coal underground that could be exploited.” He says that burning coal could make the IPCC scenarios come true, but points out that such a switch would be disastrous. Coal is dirtier than oil and gas and produces more CO2for each unit of energy, as well as releasing large amounts of particulates. He says the latest
职称英语考试通关策略 Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】
【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】 【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】 职称英语考试通关策略 考试很多时候除了考查考生的知识能力以外，还要考查考试策略，答题的顺序和时间的统筹安排，现在我就给大家介绍一些考试策略。 概述 1、词汇、阅读理解、完型填空所占分值最高（合计高达75分），放到前面来做，避免万一时间不够，可以确保先抓住大部分分数。 2、词汇、阅读理解、完型填空都是部分来自教材，放到前面来做，记忆比较深刻，答题成功率较高。 3、阅读判断放到最后，这样可以腾出时间给需要查词典即可稳拿分数的词汇题。 词汇篇 1、带上一本好用的词典，因职称英语词汇数量有限，直接查同义词词典，一般前三个义项就会有答案。 2、词组记忆相对容易而查词典找同义词相对较困难，又因试题有4-9题来自教材练习，所以必须记住教材中的词组题。教材词汇练习一共100题，其中有词组的也就20个左右，记住却对没有困难！ 3、考试时看到有教材中的词组题则直接答上，其余的查词典。 阅读理解篇 1、熟记教材文章练习题的正确答案，重点掌握去年教材上没有的新增文章。考试时先找教材上的文章，做出来。 2、其他文章，先做考试题目中有人名、地名、国家名、数字、年代等专有名词的题。 3、勾画出考试题目中的关键词（一般是名词，不必认识它也不必查词典），然后到文章中找一样的关键词定位。 4、定位关键词后，对比文章中关键词附近的词或者词组，与答案选项中词或者词组重合得最多的即为正确答案。 5、如果你无法定位关键词，则 1) 如有选项为“以上X项皆是”，即为正确答案； 2) 看四个答案选项中有无大部分相似的。如有，若意思完全相反的其中一个必是答案；若意思并非相反的则较长选项的为答案。如没有大部分相似的，则最长的选项为答案。（根据经验，这是答对概率最大的选择） 6、如果考试题目是针对文章中的某个单词的意思，那么这就相当于是一个词汇题，则同义词词典又派上用场了！ 7、如果考试题目是问文章主旨（如作者的观点、替换文章标题等）的，则需要细读文章题目、每段第一句和文章最后一句，并大致搞清意思。然后选择意思最接近的一项答案。 概括大意、完成句子篇 1、概括大意（4题）：先看考题要求概括哪4个段落的大意，然后分别细读该4个段落的第一句和最后一句，然后与各个选项对比，选项中大部分词或者词组与段落的第一句或最后一句中词或者词组重合得最多的即为正确答案。概括大意其实就是找文章各段落主题句，而段落主题句往往就是该段落的第一句和最后一句。 2、完成句子（4题）：先勾画出每个考试题目中的关键词，然后回到文章中定位（具体方法请参考阅读理解篇做题方法），最后把文章中关键词附近的词和词组与各个答案选项相对比，词和词组重合最多的即为正确答案。完成句子其实就是告诉你一句话的一部分让你找另一部分。利用定位关键词找到了这句话在文章中的位置，则确定另一部分就不难了。
（英语）高三英语阅读理解解析版汇编 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 In America, parents tend to encourage their children to develop their potential (潜能) to the fullest extent. Fathers and mothers frequently teach their children both ambition and the confidence necessary to work toward their goals. American parents are always active in concentrating on what their kids can do, not what they can't. As a result, millions of American boys and girls grow up hoping to become actors and athletes, diplomats and doctors. Many of them even want to become president. American parents often encourage their children to become involved in extra activities of all types at school, such as student government, sports and music. They believe that only through taking part in these activities can their children become mature young adults. As we all know, school work is important. But parents should realize that the social skills their children learn from natural conversations with each other are as important as schoolwork and the skills they will need in the future work. What's more important in their work is that their children should have a sound knowledge of physics or the ability to communicate effectively. As a rule, Chinese parents don't educate their children about the same kind of ambition and confidence as Americans do, nor do they encourage the same level of participation in extra activities. Children are typically advised to study hard and pass exams. They have to spend a lot of time in doing much schoolwork every day. It is a great waste of time to do so. Now more and more Chinese parents have recognized that they should pay attention to developing the potential of their children. I hope that leaders in Chinese educational circles should take some measures to develop the potential of their children. I am very confident about it. （1）From the passage, we know the American parents pay much more attention to . A. the social skills than Chinese parents B. their children's studying hard and well C. what their children want but they can't D. extra activities than schoolwork （2）According to the passage, Chinese parents . A. know more than American parents to educate their children B. owning ambition and confidence is necessary and important C. pay much more attention to their children's fine future D. don't encourage their children to participate in extra activities （3）From the passage, we can infer . A. American children are brave and adventurous B. American children are more active in their studies C. Chinese children have the ability to communicate effectively D. something should be done to develop the potential of the children in China （4）What's the writer's attitude towards Chinese education reform? A. Neutral. B. Indifferent. C. Positive. D. Negative. 【答案】（1）A
Stress Level Tied to Education Level 1.Stress level is closely related to. social status. 2.The1,031adults were interviewed. on a daily basis for 8 days. 3.Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days? People with college degrees. 4.The less advantaged people are, the greater. the impact of stress on their health is. 5.Less-educated people report fewer days of stress possibly because. Stress is too common a factor in their life. Medical Journals 1.The main readers of medical journals are. health professionals. 2.Which of the following statements is NOT true? Most medical journals publish only online. 3.How many major types of articls are mentioned in the passage? Five. 4.An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is called. A research article. 5.Letters to the editor enable readers of a medical journal to express comments on. Articles published in that journal. Need for Emphasis on Treatment 1.Which is true of many AIDS sufferers in developing countries? They are not receiving any treatment. 2.The WHO publishes its World Health Report. Once a year. 3.According to Lee, our response to the AIDS disease is. A matter of great significance. 4.AIDS treatment programs may also result in. more effective prevention. 5.How many people have died of AIDS so far? More than 20 million. Heat and Health 1.More than 600 people died from heat in Chicago. In 1995. 2.What can piople learn from the Mean Heat Index? The average temperature of an extrem ely hot day. 3.A heat wave is a period of time during which. The weather is much hotter than usual. 4.Muscle pain in hot weather means that. Y our body needs more water. 5.For people who are not in good health,heat can. Be deadly. Losing W eight 1.The study showed that most of the girls. Had a healthy body weight. 2.What percentage of the girls considered themselves overweight? Nearly 30 percent. 3.The survey participants were girls. Who were 10 to 1 4. 4.What kind of institution does the lead researcher work with? A hospital. 5.Unhealthy attitudes about weight,body image and food may. Lead to an eating disorder. Pushbike Peril 1.According to the passage, some engineers are trying to improve the handlebars because. they are not noble enough. 2.In paragraph 2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal iniuries. To tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the projict. 3.Paragraph 3 mainly discusses. how serious injuries occur. 4.The passage implies that. It is not easy to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design. 5.In which of the following ways the handgrip work? It reduces the dangerous forces in bicycle accidents. Aate-night Erinking 1.The author mentions “pick-me-up”to indicate that. coffee is a stimulant. 2.Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep? Caffeine halves the body’s levels of sleep hormone. 3.What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss? Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep. 4.What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 prove? Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone. 5.The author of this passage probably agrees that. we should not drink coffee after supper. Attitudes to AIDS Now 1.What do activists worry about? People may stop worrying about AIDS. 2.According to the passage, people’s attitude toward the cure of AIDS is. realistic. 3.The Gallup Poll shows that the number of people. Who think AIDS is the country’s top health killer has fallen. 4.According to the Kaiser Poll, which of the following is NOT correct? More and more people die of AIDS now.
Taking Pictures of the World Meet Annie Griffiths Belt,a National Geographic photographer.Belt has worked for National Geographic since 1978,and has taken pictures on almost every continent in the world.In fact,Antarctica is the only continent Belt hasn't seen yet. Belt's photographs are well known for their beauty and high quality.They also reflect very different cultures and regions of the world.Belt has photographed the ancient city of Petra, Jordan,as well as the green landscapes of the Lake District in England.Recently,her pictures appeared in a book about undeveloped natural places in North America. Everywhere that Belt goes,she takes pictures of people. Belt has found ways to connect with people of all ages and nationalities even when she does not speak their language." The greatest privilege of my job is being allowed into people's lives,"she has said."The camera is like a passport,and I am often overwhelmed by how quickly people welcome me!"
职称英语考试备考5大方法 第一，过度讲究方法和技巧，而不愿意下真功夫。语言的使用是 一种技能，但这种技能不是专靠技巧能够获得的。太讲究方法和技巧 会被其占用很多的时间和精力，而对学习的内容本身投入较少的时间 和精力，所以反而会影响学习的效果。如有一个参加高等教育自学考 试的青年，他订了十 多种讲自学和考试的刊物，认真学习和研究，讲起方法来一套一 套的，可他每次参考的科目却大多考不及格。这是因为他只顾钻研方 法和技巧，在学习内容上花的时间和精力太少，而且养成了投机取巧、不肯下功夫的习惯。方法和技巧只能适当利用，并且要从自己的学习 实践中摸索出适合自己的方法和技巧才会真正管用。 第二，过度讲究速度和效率，不愿花时间经常重复(复习)已学过 的内容，只求懂了则罢。语言的使用既是一种技能，技能则只有靠熟 能生巧，要持续的重复才会熟练，只有熟练了才会形成一种应用自如、不假思索的技能。 第三，三天打鱼两天晒网，没有恒心，不能长期坚持学习。技能 的熟练要有一个过程，在这个过程中会遇到各种困难，但不能向困难 低头，要坚持不懈地反复学习，持之以恒。 第四，不重视听力训练。语言是有声的，我们对语言的感受首先 是语言的声音作用于我们的大脑，如果不练习听力，仅仅默默地阅读 和背单词，其结果不但听不懂别人讲外语，而且阅读水平也难以提升。 第五，只学而不“用”，完全是以“学”的态度来学外语。语言 的实践性很强，如果只学而不用，就永远也学不好。我们学语言的目 的就是为了应用，要学会在用中学习，这样才能提升兴趣，达到好的 学习效果。 值得特别注意的是，“用”不但仅有意识的用，很多时候是要无 意识的“用”。比如在吃饭、洗碗、聊天、上网、洗脸、洗脚、洗衣
I watched from a distance as the homeless man quarreled with those who did not leave money for him – the majority. I walked up to him and right on queue he asked me for a quarter. ―I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story.‖ He laughed, ―You’ll give me a quarter for my story?‖ I lay the quarter in front of him and corrected myself –―Nah, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.‖ I followed his eyes to the quarter and for a brief moment I saw a glimmer of reflection. I sat down next to him and waited. ―I was in the army,‖ he said. ―I was a sniper(狙击手)and was supposed to shoot down the enemy from the distance.‖ I listened carefully to his grizzly voice as he went deeper into the story. He wore dirty old torn clothes and smelled like a dead rat left in a mouse trap. He told me how he used to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own way of respecting animals by not wasting what he killed for food and not killing more than he needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt pride and joined up. All those years of polishing his hunting skills could now serve a larger purpose—to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to fight in Iraq. It wasn’t long before he realized his ideals and expectations were just a shadow of the truth. He became disillusioned with the killings, which he felt were of innocent people. ―I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone,‖ he said. ―One day I had to do it. They asked me to shoot this lady from the distance. I saw kids near that lady and my hands were on the trigger (扳机). Man, I was tearing up ... I couldn’t do it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was with the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any sense to me.‖ The story goes on as he describes eventually being put into prison for 180 days for refusing to follow orders. He told me how he was black listed so that he couldn’t get a job. All the rights we take for granted were taken away from him. Why? Here was a man who was being punished—and for what? For refusing to kill the lady? For being a hero? ―I have no regrets,‖ the homeless man said. ―I may be homeless now, but I never killed that lady. I never killed anyone in the army. It didn’t feel right. I didn’t go there to do that. I went there to save people.‖ He continued, ―I can live with being homeless—that’s okay. But I wouldn’t be able to live with killing innocent people.‖ On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never occurred to me that a hero could be a smelly old man left on streets. 1. It can be learned from the passage that the homeless man_______. （） A. never killed animals B. had a strong respect for life C. deserved the punishment he received D. felt guilty about disobeying the order
2013职称英语阅读理解英文及译文 2013年新增（一）阅读判断 1.第一篇：Taking Pictures of the world 2.*第十二篇：Starting a New Tradition （二）概括大意与完成句子 1.第五篇：US Signs Global Tobacco Treaty 2.第八篇：How We Form First Impression （三）阅读理解 1.第三篇：Shark Attack ！ 2.第五篇：The Travels of Ibn Battuta 12年新增的篇目：第1、8、10、11、16、19、20、26、30、33、34、35、37、38、47篇 13年新增的篇目：第3、5篇。 12年第8篇(C级)第33篇B级，第35篇A级2012年已考 职称英语阅读理解文章译文(参加综合A、B、C级考试需要掌握文章) 3 第一篇讲述关于人们的故事 Telling Tales about People 第二篇课外学习带来很大不同 4 Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big Difference 5 第三篇小心鲨鱼 5 Shark Attack! 6 第四篇火鸡盛宴和感恩节的祝福 6 Feast on Turkey and Good Wishes at Thanksgiving 7 第五篇伊本白图泰游记7 The Travels of Ibn Battuta 8 第六篇看电视与长途汽车旅行9 TV Shows and Long Bus Trips 10 第七篇现代日光浴者10 Modern Sun Worshippers 11 第八篇变化中的中产阶级11 The Changing Middle Class 12 第九篇单亲幼儿最出色12 Single-parent Kids Do Best 13 第十篇艾伦的来信13 A Letter from Alan 14 第十一篇芭蕾舞的发展14 The Development of Ballet 15 第十二篇走私15 Smuggling 15 第十三篇芭比娃娃16 The Barbie Dolls 16 第十四篇睡眠17 Sleep 17
高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. （1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. （2）Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. （3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.