中考英语词语运用专项练习 每日谚语 Diligence is the first step to succeed.自信是走向成功的第一步。 学习目标：1，熟记词性变化顺口溜，以防选词正确但词性错误而前功尽弃。 2，认真研究领悟技巧分析的24条经验总结，以达到以不变应万变。 3，通过本节课的学习，努力让自己的词语运用题能提高1-2分。解题策略（步骤）: 研、寻、定、查 解题技巧 A 分析词性：各种词性本身的变化情况 为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜： 空前空后要注意，名词单复要牢记，还有’s不能弃； 动词注意要变形（共4种）；形、副注意用三级； 要填数词请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”； 填入代词需慎重，五格变化要谨记； 介词、连词最省力，看见照抄就可以。 B.注意各种词性之间的相互转换。 1.v.+er/or--n.(人) eg. teach visit invent 2.adj.+ly---adv. eg. Careful quick 3.n.+ly---adj. eg. Friend month 4.adj---n. eg.Important different health 5.v.---adj. eg.die miss 6.v.+tion---n. eg. Invent pollute 7.v.+ment---n. eg. develop move 8.adj.+ness---n. eg. happy sad
9.--less是adj.的词尾,并且是反义eg. careful helpful C.具体情况分析 1.be后面可以填三种形式：现在分词、过去分词或形容词。- - - be + Ving构成进行时；be + adj.表状态; be +Ved2 构成被动语态 2.冠词、形容词、物主代词和名词所有格后填名词。 ----- a/an/the + n. ; adj. + n. ；物主代词+n. ; n’s +n. 3.名词前可填形容词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。 ------ adj. +n. ；物主代词+n.；n’s+n 4.动词或动词短语后填副词------v.+ adv. 或adv. +v. 5.两个句子之间填连词 6.冠词和名词之间填形容词。------冠词+ adj. +n. 7.have/has/had 后首先考虑填动词的过去分词 ------have /has /had +Ved2构成现在完成时态 8.数字(除one外)后面填名词复数,序数词后填名词单数。 ------基数词(除one外)+ n. (pl.)序数词+n.(单数) 9.如果需要填数词，则看名词，名词是复，填基数词；名词是单数填序数词或one --基数词+ n. (pl.) 序数词/ one +n.(单数) 10.通过所缺词前后的关键词，填出答案。如： many / few / several / most + n. (pl.) ; much + -er ; -er +than 11.句首空词，并且后面有逗号，考虑填副词。 ------However,/Luckily ,/ Unluckily Also, / Most importantly , +句子 12.句中不缺成分，考虑填副词，句末一定是副词 13.通过固定短语填出所缺的词。 eg. keep in touch with ; play a joke on ; be on a visit to
make progress on the piano, one day, a boy 70. to a Paderewski’s concert by his mother. After they were seated, the mother saw a friend and walked up to g reet her, leaving the boy alone in 71. seat. Catching the chance to explore the wonders of the concert hall, the little boy stood up and finally made his way through a door 72. marked “No Admittance(进入)” . Soon, the hall got dark and the concert about to begin. When the mother 73. to her seat, discovered that the child was missing. Suddently the lights focused on the piano on the stage. In surprise, the mother
work can be truly beautiful. Next time, you set out to achieve great works, listen carefully. You can hear the voice of the master, whispering in your ear, “Don’t stop. Keep playing.” 解析 70. 考查一般过去时的被动语态,一天，一个小男孩被他妈妈带到 帕德雷夫斯基的音乐会。根据后文“by his mother”及上下文时态可知was taken。 71. 考查物主代词。根据上下文可知“把小男孩独自留在他的座位
名词 ( C )1. (2017江西) —Do you have any for tonight yet? —Not yet. What about having a picnic on the beach? A. problems B. news C. plans D. rules ( A )2. (2017福建) —Nowadays more and more foreigners are becoming interested in Beijing Opera. —That’s true. It’s an important part of Chinese . A. culture B. invention C. custom D. tradition ( A )3. (2017海南) It is very hot in Hainan this summer. On June 3rd, the in Lingao reached 41.9℃. A. temperature B. information C. development D. progress ( C )4. (2017上海) Did the policeman give much on how to protect personal information? A. note B. tip C. advice D. book ( C )5. (2017天津) Don’t stand too close to North Americans. You’d better give them more personal . A. time B. system c. space D. pity ( C )6. (2017重庆) —Judy, I will have a meeting in Canada next week. —Well, you’d better take a with you, or you may easily get lost. A. photo B. stamp C. map D. postcard ( A )7. (2017安徽) The New Silk Road will offer a good for more nations to communicate. A. chance B. habit C. question D. price ( B )8. (2017山西) You should look into his eyes when you talk to somebody. It shows your . A. shyness B. politeness C. quietness D. rudeness ( C )9. (2017南京) —I go swimming every day. —Wow! That’s a good . It keeps you healthy. A. match B. task C. habit D. dream ( C )10. (2017武汉) —I wonder if you’ve made a decision on the project, Eric. —Not yet. I can’t make it until I have first-hand on prices. A. news B. knowledge C. information D. education ( B )11. (2017哈尔滨) During the Spring Festival, people in Northern China usually eat as a traditional Chinese food. A. pizza B. dumplings C. hamburgers D. bread ( C )12. (2017苏州)—Shall we go on Friday or Saturday? —Either day is OK. It makes no to me. A. choice B. change C. difference D. decision ( B )(2017孝感)13. Computers are very useful. They can help us get much on the Internet. A. games B. information C. courage D. messages ( C )(2017青岛) 14. Fruit is good for health, so I often have breakfast with one .
中考英语词语运用专项训练 【知识点睛】 一、中考词语运用命题特点 河南中考对词汇的考查主要集中在______________、______________及 _____________和______________等几个方面。这就要求考生在平时一定要熟记大纲所 规定的考查单词及相关短语搭配，明辨同一词根的词的不同用法，更重要的是要做到对单词的词形/性变化及语法知识的活学活用。预计河南中考对词汇的考查重点在实词的拼写、词形/性变化及同一词根的词的不同用法上。 二、考察目标 该题型旨在考查学生的英语基础知识和综合运用英语的能力。该题型将重点考查：同一词根的不同词性变化；序数词与基数词的区别运用；名词的单复数及所有格；代词的用法；形容词和副词比较等级的运用以及动词各种时态语态的灵活运用。 三、解题策略 1.认真查看所给的单词，弄清楚每个单词的意思及词性。如动词一般作谓语，形容词 常作表语或定语，副词作状语等。 2.跳开空格，快速通读文章，初步了解文章框架、大意，获取有用信息。 3.认真阅读挖空的句子，弄清楚句子的结构及句子大意，特别是空格前后单词的词性， 这很关键。因为空格前后的单词往往是选择所要填入空格的单词最重要的依据。 4.根据句意，从所给单词中筛选最恰当的单词填入空格中。注意有时候词性要作相应 的变化。 5.认真研读完成后的短文和句子，看句子结构是否合理，句意是否完整并符合逻辑， 以便确定答案。 四、解题步骤 明确所给词的词性→弄清所给句子的意思→确定空白处所需的词性→正确写出所填的词 五、应试策略 1.对中考课标和考试说明中要求掌握的词汇必须通过听写或练习掌握，牢固掌握单词 不仅有益于答好词汇题，更是做好其他题型的前提。 2.重视背单词的_________，并熟知不同词性的作用。 3.注意结合语境去填对__________，（学生最爱用动原，名词单数），答题时画出关键 词，名词考虑“单复数”，形副考虑“原比最”，数词考虑“基序词”，动词考虑“时态语态”等。 4.练习各种题型，如用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，根据首字母补全单词，用方 框中单词短语正确形式填空等。 5.每天做几道题，作业经常训练，长期坚持必有收获。 6.摘录错题，错题反复看。
最新中考英语名词专题训练答案 一、初中英语名词 1． weather it is! Let's go fishing. A. What a fine B. How fine C. What fine 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】这题考查感叹句的用法：what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词，这句话是修饰weather，而且是不可数名词，所以选C。 2．—The last bus has left. What should we do? —Let's take a taxi. We have no other ______ now. A. choice B. reason C. habit 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：－末班车离开了。我们应该怎么办呢？－我们坐出租车吧。我们现在没有其他的选择了。A. choice选择；B. reason理由；C. habit习惯。没公交了，只有坐出租车这条选择，没有别的选择了。故选A。 【点评】此题考查名词的辨析。 3．—What would you like to eat? —Some _________, please. A. bread B. cake C. coffee D. tea 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——你想要吃什么？——请来一些面包。bread面包；cake蛋糕；coffee咖啡；tea茶；根据What would you like to eat?可知此处介绍吃的食物，有some修饰，故此处用bread或cakes，故选A。 【点评】本题考查名词辨析，以及bread；cake；coffee；tea四个词的词义和用法。 4．— Which country do you think will win the first prize of the ____FIFA World Cup? —You mean the football match will be held in __________? A. twenty-one; Russia B. twenty-first; Russian C. twenty-first; Russia D. twenty-one; Russian 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：——你认为哪个国家会赢得第二十一届国际足联世界杯的冠军？——你是指将在俄罗斯举行的那场足球比赛？第一空，根据冠词the，判断后接序数词形式；第二空，表示在俄罗斯（Russia），Russia 在这里指国家俄罗斯，专有名词。故选C。【点评】考查数词和名词辨析。注意掌握序数词的正确写法，区分Russia和Russian的用法。
中考题型集训(四) 词汇运用 __题组训练1_ [中文提示写单词] 根据句意和所给中文提示，写出下列句中所缺单词。 A 1．[2017·连云港]—What do you think of the Art Festival in your school? —Colourful! All the students enjoy ________(他们自己) and show their different talents. 2．[2017·乐山]I didn't hear the phone because it was too ________(吵闹的) in the supermarket. 3．I don't want to ________(浪费) my time talking with her. It's like playing the lute to a cow. 4．[2017·南充]Tu Youyou has won the Nobel Prize. We are very ________(自豪的) of her. 5．September is the ________(第九) month of a year. 6．We shouldn't take these game shows too ________(严肃地) while watching them. 7．Tom and Peter are good friends. They can talk about and ________(分享) everything. 8．[2017·连云港] Some classical pieces at the concert are traditional and have a lasting ________(价值). 9．[2017·天水]Because of his ________(粗心), he didn't pass the exam. 10．[2017·南京]—What do I need to make a thank-you card? —You need some ________(纸), glue and a pair of scissors. B 1．[2017·宿迁]There is a ________(刀) and some pens on Wang Jun's desk. 2．Drivers should drive more slowly on ________(下雨的) days. 3．[2017·苏州]In Switzerland, some of the old clothes are ________(卖) in charity shops. 4．[2017·苏州] Life is like a race. I'm ready to take on new ________(挑战) any time. 5．Everyone, you need to have a dream. The future of China ________(依靠) on you! 6．My grandma always tells me ________(没有什么) is more important than health. 7．[2017·泰州]David showed great ________(勇气) during his fight against illness last year. 8．My mother goes shopping every week—there is a shopping mall just ________(在……对面) our house. 9．[2017·南京]Liu Hua is the chief ________(工程师) of the high-speed railway connecting Moonlight Town to Nanjing. 10．[2017·南京]More than six ________(百) teams took part in 2017 Nanjing primary and secondary school robot competition in May. C 1．The glasses can keep the worker's eyes ________(安全的). 2．The houses are so expensive that he can't ________(承担得起) to buy one. 3．My parents are always ________(严格的) with me. 4．Nobody was ________(缺席) from school though it rained heavily yesterday. 5．His uncle is going to ________(参加) a business meeting in Beijing next week. 6．It's important for young people to make a right ________(决定) for their future. 7．Some wild animals are in ________(危险)as the earth is getting warmer and warmer. 8．Mary goes to work every day ________(除…之外)Sundays. 9．[2017·镇江]The dentist suggests that the girl should brush her ________(牙齿) before going to bed. 10．We've got a lot of new ________(杂志) in our school library. D 1．Tina is my cousin. She is tall and she has long ________(直的) hair. 2．[2017·乌鲁木齐]The Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation(一带一路国际合作高峰论坛) which was held in Beijing on May 15th had a very deep ________(影响) on almost all the countries. 3．Nowadays people like to eat out on Spring Festival, ________(特别地) young people.
删除第2页的例题1、2、6，用以下三个例题代替 【例1】 (2010 宿迁)Sandy didn’t tell her parents that she was going home because she wanted to give them a _______. A．gift B．call C．surprise D．note 【解析】选C。此处考的是名词词义辨析。句意为：Sandy没告诉她父母她将回家，因为她想给他们一个惊喜。C项surprise表示“惊喜”符合题意。A项gift表示“礼物；赠品”之意；B项call表示“?呼喊声，叫声；鸟鸣声；?打电话；?拜访”；D项note“便条；笔记”。 【例 2】(2010 菏泽)Please pick up the _______．Don’t keep it on the floor. A．water B．paper C．books D．bottles 【解析】选B。此处考的是可数名词复数和不可数名词。句意为：请把纸捡起来，不要一直把它放在地上。从don’t keep it on the floor中的it可知此处代替的是可数名词单数或不可数名词，故排除C 和D。根据句中的pick up“捡起”可知B项paper“纸”符合题意。 【例6】(2010嘉兴)Tom，you can go to the _______ if you want to borrow the novel. A．gym B．library C．museum D．theater 【解析】选B。此处考的是名词词义辨析。句意为：Tom，你可以去图书馆借那本小说。B项library 表示“图书馆”符合题意。A项gym表示“体操馆”之意；C项museum表示“博物馆”；D项theater “剧院”。 以下2010年中考真题插在第4页真题演练下方 2010 中考真题 ( ) 1．(2010 江西)---What ________ do you have for Paul? ---I think he should study harder than before. A．news B．advice C．help D．information ( ) 2．(2010 宁波)---Michael likes flying around the world. ---I think a _______ is just right for him. A．pilot B．policeman C．cook D．doctor ( ) 3．(2010河北)I don’t think looking after children is just ________ work. A．woman B．woman’s C．women D．women’s ( ) 4．(2010河南)It was hard for me to make a _______，but I decided to leave my job. A．suggestion B．decision C．plan D．speech ( ) 5．(2010东阳)I saw many ____________ eating grass on the hill. A．horse B．cow C．rabbit D．sheep ( ) 6．(2010滨州)---Can I help you? ---I’d like ____________ for my twin daughters. A．two pair of shoes B．two pairs of shoe C．two pair of shoe D．two pairs of shoes ( ) 7．(2010 重庆)Something is wrong with my ______．I can’t see anything around me. A．nose B．ears C．eyes D．mouth ( ) 8．(2010台湾)The pants I bought last year are too small now．I think I need a new _______. A．belt B．pair C．shirt D．space ( ) 9．(2010台湾)---I always forget what I want to buy when I go to the market. ---Well，you can make a _______ of things you want to buy.
中考词语运用复习 一、题例解析 1、（2013广州中考）下列语段中，加点词语运用不恰当的一项是（3分） 电影《让子弹飞》看过已有一段时间了，电影中的场景仍历历在目。巨大的长方形院落由一座座中西合璧的楼房组成，鳞次栉比的建筑在豪华的背后又难掩其颓败的迹象，这场景与传奇的故事结合完美，相得益彰。那眼花缭乱的特写镜头，更是将场景的线条和色调表现得极清晰真切。 A．历历在目 B．鳞次栉比 C．相得益彰 D．眼花缭乱 解析：答案 D 。自相矛盾，“眼花缭乱”与下文的“清晰真切”表意矛盾，不合情理。2、（2012广州中考）下列语段中，加粗词语运用不恰当的一项是（）（3 分） 阳春三月，和煦的春风和沁人的花香相得益彰，广州处处春意盎然，美不胜收。无论在增城的白水寨、南沙的百万葵园，还是市内的流花湖公园、云台花园，到处都是碧草连天、花团锦簇，一派生机勃勃。在这美好的时节，与同学一起畅游花海，尽情享受天伦之乐，真是人生一大乐事。 A. 相得益彰 B.美不胜收 C.花团锦簇 D.天伦之乐 解析：答案D 。用错对象，“天伦之乐”指父母子女团聚一堂，不用于同学聚会。 3、（2011广州中考）依次填入下列句子横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是(3分) ①全长仅600多米的文德路上，文化商肆林立，卖古玩、字画、书籍和文房四宝的商铺____________，成行成市。(鳞次栉比星罗棋布) ②亚运期间，志愿者热心服务大众，他们既能详细地为游客提供各类场馆的介绍，又能__________地向大家讲解场馆各自的特点。(栩栩如生绘声绘色) ③广州沙面随处可见的古榕树大多___________相仿，它们虽然都经历了一百多年的风风雨雨，现在依然挺拔葱茏，生机盎然。(年纪年龄) A．鳞次栉比绘声绘色年龄B．星罗棋布绘声绘色年纪 C．鳞次栉比栩栩如生年纪D．星罗棋布栩栩如生年龄 解析：答案 A 。近义词辨析，“星罗棋布”指分布广，600米的路范围不广；“栩栩如生”指事物像活的一样；“年纪”专指人的年龄。 二、中考常用错成语： ◎始作俑者:第一个干坏事的人,被误解释为第一个发起某事的人。褒贬混淆。 ◎ 不知所云 :指说话人说得不好,而非听者不理解。 ◎差强人意:大体上使人满意。多误用为不能使人满意。 ◎空穴来风:“空穴”是“来风”的条件,既然能来风,必定有空穴,传闻有一定根据。而如今则大多用来表示毫无根据的事物,意思恰好完全相反。 ◎蓬荜生辉:谦敬之辞。广告语说“让您的居室蓬筚生辉”,实在是不恰当。 ◎无所不至:什么坏事都干。与“无微不至”有天壤之别。 ◎美轮美奂:本意是形容房屋高大美丽。如今媒体上凡形容美好事物皆用此语。错!
所给单词的适当形式填空 1．用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 ①Lao She was a great ________ (write) and he's especially famous for his play, Teahouse. ②Would you mind ________(take) out the trash, Jerry? ③The girl is going to repair the bike by ________(she). ④Although he lives on the ________(twelve) floor, he seldom uses the lift. ⑤He ________(not come) yet. What do you think has happened to him? ⑥This ________(wood) bridge was built more than 20 years ago. ⑦Morn couldn't stand the mess in my room, so she asked me ________(clean) it right now. ⑧The road to ________(successful) is never straight. ⑨The water ________(feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. ⑩He'd like to get some suggestions on how to learn ________(wise) and well. 单词拼写 2．单词拼写。根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，句意通顺。 ①Mary has developed a new way of life by getting close to n________ (自然). ②Frank, take off your w________ (湿的) jacket so you don’t catch a cold. ③This Chinese painting is the greatest work of a________ (艺术) I have ever seen. ④The little girl k________ (亲吻) her mum good night before she goes to bed. ⑤I’m s________ (确信的) that our dreams will come true through our efforts. 选词填空 3．用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空. ①She took lots of beautiful ________ during her stay in Europe. ②Tom, believing in ________ is the first step on the road to success. ③Tomorrow will be ________. How about going to Mount Gu for a picnic? ④The teacher kept ________ the use of the idiom to me until I understood it. ⑤He was facing a difficult ________ between staying with his family or working in Tibet.
2019中考英语短文语法选词填空题及答案精选 父爱 阅读短文在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 When I’m growing up, I don’t hear the words “I love you” from my father. If your father never says them (16) ____ you when you are a child, it’ll get harder and harder for him to say those words as he gets (17) _____ (old). I can’t remember when I last (18) ____ (say) those words to him either. I decided (19) ____ (make) the first move. In the next phone conversation I Said, “Dad … I love you!”There was a silence(沉默)at the other end and Dad was (20) ______ (surprise) to answer, “Well, the same back to you!”“Dad, I know you love me; you will say what you want to say,” I cried. Fifteen (21) ____ (minute) later my mother called and nervously asked, “Paul, (22) ____ (be) everything OK” A few weeks later, on the phone my father said, “Paul, I love you.” I was at work (23) ____ the tears were running in my eyes as I (24) _____ (final) “heard” the love. As we both sat there in tears we knew that this special moment took our relationship to (25) _____ new way. Both of us were glad to see that. 参考答案： 16. to 17. older 18. said 19. to make 20. surprised 21. minutes 22. is 23. and 24. finally 25. a 一个音乐生 阅读短文在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 I like music very much. (16) _____ I was young, I studied music at university. I (17) ____ (choose) to study in Vienna, Austria because of its musical culture. Vienna is a city (18) ____ a long history and it is also a place where many great musicians have (19)
【例1】 (2010 宿迁)Sandy didn’t tell her parents that she was going home because she wanted to give them a _______. A．gift B．call C．surprise D．note 【解析】选C。此处考的是名词词义辨析。句意为：Sandy没告诉她父母她将回家，因为她想给他们一个惊喜。C项surprise表示“惊喜”符合题意。A项gift表示“礼物；赠品”之意；B项call表示“呼喊声，叫声；鸟鸣声；打电话；拜访”；D项note“便条；笔记”。 【例 2】(2010 菏泽)Please pick up the _______．Don’t keep it on the floor. A．water B．paper C．books D．bottles 【解析】选B。此处考的是可数名词复数和不可数名词。句意为：请把纸捡起来，不要一直把它放在地上。从don’t keep it on the floor中的it可知此处代替的是可数名词单数或不可数名词，故排除C和D。根据句中的pick up“捡起”可知B项paper“纸”符合题意。 【例6】(2010嘉兴)Tom，you can go to the _______ if you want to borrow the novel. A．gym B．library C．museum D．theater 【解析】选B。此处考的是名词词义辨析。句意为：Tom，你可以去图书馆借那本小说。B 项library表示“图书馆”符合题意。A项gym表示“体操馆”之意；C项museum表示“博物馆”；D项theater“剧院”。 以下2010年中考真题插在第4页真题演练下方 2010 中考真题 ( ) 1．(2010 江西)---What ________ do you have for Paul? ---I think he should study harder than before. A．news B．advice C．help D．information ( ) 2．(2010 宁波)---Michael likes flying around the world. ---I think a _______ is just right for him. A．pilot B．policeman C．cook D．doctor
第五、六课时词语（成语）及运用 一、考点分析 近几年中考试题中，对于词语的考查，主要偏重于理解词语在具体语言环境中的意义，分辨词语在具体语言环境中的感情色彩，并能能够根据语言环境正确使用词语。 中考中所考查的词语，往往是两音节的或者是成语。分值往往在四到六分。对于词语的考查，可以在语文基础知识中进行，也可以在阅读中进行。 词语是我们学好语文的基础。在写作当中，我们同样会用到词语。词语掌握的好坏，也直接关系到作文水平的高低。 二、备考指南 对于词语的识记，同学们要尽可能地在理解课文的基础上，来揣摩和理解词语的意义。同学们应该总结教材中每一篇课文中出现的重点词语。要复习词语的时候，要注意以下几个方面的内容。 三、复习要点 1、掌握课文中常用词语的书写； 2、理解重要词语在具体语境中的含义，并能根据语境进行揣摩，理解词语的比喻义、引申义； 3、能根据语境需要正确选用词语，并能根据语境辨析词语（或成语）运用的正误； 4、能根据语境准确、得体、连贯运用词语（或成语）； 5、能根据语境正确运用关联词。 （一）正确理解词义 词有单义和多义之分。单义词大多是表示事物名称的词、科学术语、外来词和新造词。汉语中大量的词是多义词。 凡是表示多种相互联系的不同意义的词叫多义词。一个多义词不论它的义项有多少个，其中必有一个是本义，其它的意义是从这个本义发展变化而来。意义发展变化的途径有两种：引申和比喻。 引申义是由词的本义演变发展而产生的意义，因此引申义与本义在意义上或多或少有一种“子与母”、“流与源”的关系。如“浅”的本义是表示从表面到底部距离短的意思（水很浅）。引申为程度不深（他的功底浅）；引申为表示时间不久（他们相处的日子很浅）；引申为颜色淡（浅蓝色）。学习过程中要记住本义，学会引申。 比喻义是通过基本义的比喻用法而逐步固定下来的新义。如用“手足”比喻“兄弟”，用“虎口”比喻危险境地。词的比喻义和修辞上的比喻不同。词的比喻义虽然最初是通过比喻用法逐渐形成的，但它已经成为词的一个新的固定意义，为群众所接受；而比喻修辞是在特定的语言环境中临时打比方；本体和喻体间无固定搭配关系，一个本体可以有多个喻体。 了解了汉语的词义特点，同学们在考试中要结合语境对词语的含义进行具体分析。 （二）词语的感情色彩 类型概念举例 褒义词带有赞许、肯定、喜爱、尊敬等感情色彩的词秀壮丽谦逊刚强 贬义词带有贬斥、否定、厌恶、鄙视等感情色彩的词笨奸诈卑劣渺小 中性词不带褒贬感情色彩的词结果状况配合方法 （三）辨析近义词： 1．从意义方面来辨析 词义的轻重不同：如“激动”比“感动”更急剧，更强烈。 词义着重点不同：如“诡辩”着重在“诡”，即欺诈、怪异，“诡辩”就是用欺诈的手段、奇怪的言辞来为自己的谬论辩护。“狡辩”着重在“狡”，即不老实、耍花招，“狡猾”就是歪曲事实，狡猾的为自己的错误言行辩解。 词的范围大小不同：如“战争”、“战役”和“战斗”范围由大到小。 2．从色彩方面来辨析 感情色彩不同：如“爱护”是褒义词，“庇护”是贬义词。 语体色彩不同：如“出租车”适用于书面语，“的士”适用于口语。 3．从用法方面来辨析 搭配对象不同：如“爱戴”适用于对长辈、上级，“爱护”适用于对晚辈、下属。 语法功能不同：如“公然”在句中只能作状语，如“公然侵入”，“公开”在句中还可以作谓语和定语，如“事件的真相早已公开了”，“公开的秘密”。 （四）正确使用成语 考题中常见的成语使用的错误现象主要有以下几种： 1．望文生义。如“告别时，这位服装个体户一定要送我几件高档的衣服，真是大方之家。”“大方之家”是指专家学者，句中误理解为“出手大方的人”。 2．意思弄反。如“如果能掌握科学的学习方法，就会收到事倍功半的效果。”“事倍功半”
2018中考英语集训词汇运用 时间：1分钟/小题分值：1分/小题 类型1根据汉语提示完成句子。 Group 1 1. —I find the game without Kobe Bryant boring. —I don't agree. One player cannot make a ________(队)． 2. There is an ________(空的) bottle on the road. Everyone should be careful. 3. It's a good idea to give your father a ________(夹克衫) as a gift on June 19, Father's Day. 4. —Where shall we go for the summer outing, Daniel? —I can't ________(记得)exactly, maybe somewhere near Babulo Valley. 5. If everyone thinks about pollution and recycling, we can protect the air and help ________(救) our world. Group 2 1. John is interested in ________(化学)． 2. It's good to have a ________(健康的) eating habit. 3. His father always ________(鼓励) him to face the failure bravely. 4. The Blacks are going to have their garden ________(浇水) this weekend. 5. All my classmates went to the old people's home________(除了) Eric because he was ill. Group 3 1. Although you are young, you can ________(仍然)make the world more beautiful in your own way. 2. Our government has made laws to ________(限制)air and water pollution. 3. The artist always ________(表达)his world view in his works. 4. Now is the time for all Jazz ________(迷)voices to be heard. 5. As the saying goes, “God helps those who help ________(他们自己)．” 6. Early this morning I was busy ________(挖)in the garden to plant trees. 7. Toni Morrison is considered as one of the best writers of the ________(第二十)century. Group 4 1. —When was the new cross-sea ________(桥) in Lianyungang completed? —In April, 2016. 2. Flight 846 ________(降落) safely ten minutes ago with 300 passengers. 3. Researchers say temperatures in North Africa will continue ________(上升) this summer. 4. On his way back home, Frank lost his wallet because of his ________(粗心)． 5. —Come on, Sandy. Everybody will be lucky or ________(成功的) sometime in their life. —Thanks, I'll try again. Group 5 1．In the USA, people eat with ________ (刀) and forks. 2．I left my book at home. May I borrow ________ (你的)? 3．You must look at the traffic lights before you go ________ (穿过) the road.
