Change Of Chinese Clothing
Traditional Clothing
An outstanding characteristic of traditional Chinese clothing is not only an external expression of elegance, but also an internal symbolism. Each and every piece of traditional clothing communicates a vitality of its own. This combination of external form with internal symbolism is clearly exemplified in the pair of fighting pheasant feathers used in head wear originating in the battle wear of the Warring States period (475-221 B.C.). Two feathers of a ho bird (a type pheasant good at fighting) were inserted into the head wear of warriors of this period to symbolize a bold and warlike spirit.
Archaeological findings of 18,000 year-old artifacts such as bone sewing needles and stone beads and shells with holes bored in them attest to the existence of ornamentation and of sewing extremely early in Chinese civilization. Variety and consistency in clothing were roughly established by the era of the Yellow Emperor and the Emperors Yao and Shun (about 4,500 years ago). Remains of woven silk and hemp articles and ancient ceramic figures further demonstrate the sophistication and refinement of clothing in the Shang Dynasty (16th to 11th century B.C.).
The three main types of traditional Chinese clothing are the pien-fu, the ch'ang-p'ao, and the shen-i. The pien-fu is an ancient two-piece ceremonial costume of a tunic-like top extending to the knees and a skirt or trousers extending to the ankles. The ch'ang-p'ao is a one-piece garment extending from the shoulders all the way to the heels. The shen-i is a cross between the pien-fu and the ch'ang-p'ao; it consists of a tunic and a skirt or trousers like the pien-fu, but the tunic and the skirt are sewed together and essentially one piece like the chang-pao. Consequently, the shen-i was the most widely worn of the three types. Typical of these three types of clothing were wide and voluminous sleeves and a very loose fit. Tunic and trousers or tunic and skirt, utilized a very minimum number of stitches for the amount of cloth used. So because of their relatively plain design and structure, embroidered edgings, decorated bands, draped cloth or silks, patterns on the shoulders, and sashes were often added as ornamentation. These varied designs came to be one of the unique features of traditional Chinese dress.
Darker colors were favored over lighter ones in traditional Chinese clothing, so the main color of ceremonial clothing tended to be dark while bright, elaborate tapestry designs accented. Lighter colored clothing was worn more frequently by the common people for everyday and around the house use. The Chinese associate certain colors with specific seasons: green represents spring, red symbolizes summer, white represents autumn, and
black symbolizes winter. The Chinese are said to have a fully developed system of matching, coordinating, and contrasting colors and shades of light and dark in apparel.
Contemporary Clothing
Today, Fashion designers use a mixture of traditional and modern ideas to create new fashions. These new fashions also incorporate age-old motifs such as guardian deities, lions, and masks of Chinese opera characters. Chinese bronze is another source of printed, woven, embroidered, and applied design for clothes. Some of the distinctive designs include dragons, phoenixes, clouds, and lightning. Motifs from traditional Chinese painting also end up in woven or printed fashion designs.
In modern society, men are seen at social occasions wearing the dignified and refined traditional Chinese long gown, and women often wear the ch'i-p'ao, a modified form of a traditional Ching Dynasty fashion, on formal occasions. The variations of height, length, width, and ornamentation of the collar, sleeves, skirt, and basic cut of this Oriental fashion are limitless.
Many accessories such as macramé are used to decorate shoulders, bodices, pockets, seams, and openings of clothing, as well as belts, hair ornaments, and necklaces. Some successful examples of combinations of modern and traditional fashion elements are the modern bridal tiara, based on a Sung Dynasty design and the Hunan Province style of embroidered sash made in the traditional colors of pure red, blue, and green. From these examples, it can be seen how traditional Chinese dress is the foundation of modern fashion. However, the Chinese have also adopted many Western styles of clothing such as business suits and jeans.
译文：
中国服装的变迁
传统的服装
中国传统服饰的突出特点是不仅优雅的外在表现，也是一个内部的象征。每一件传统小菜衣服传达了自己的生命力。与内部象征外在形式的结合显然是体现在对战斗在头用在战国时期（公元前475-221）的战斗服穿始发野鸡羽毛。两个
羽毛浩鸟（一种雉擅长战斗）被插入到这个时期，象征着一个大胆而好战精神的勇士的磁头磨损。
18000岁的工件，如骨缝纫针和石珠和贝壳与孔钻在他们的考古发现证明了在缝制中国文明极早期纹饰的存在和。各种与服装一致通过黄帝与帝王尧，舜（约4500年前）的时代已大致确立。编织丝绸和麻制品和古陶瓷人物的遗骸进一步展示了复杂性和精致的服装在商代（16至公元前11世纪）。
三种主要类型的中国传统服装是陈水扁福，昌，旗袍，与沉我。在陈水扁福是中山装般的顶部延伸到膝盖和裙子或延伸到脚踝的长裤古老的两件式礼仪服装。在长安旗袍是一单件的服装从肩部延伸的一路跑。沉- i是陈水扁夫和昌- 旗袍之间的交叉;它由上衣和裙子或者像陈水扁福裤子，但上衣和裙子都缝在一起，基本上是一块像昌葆。因此，沉，我是最广泛的磨损三种类型。典型的这三种类型的服装是广泛和大量的袖子，很松配合。外套和裤子或上衣和裙子，利用针非常最低数量为布使用量。所以，因为它们相对简单的设计和结构，绣边角料，装饰带，披布或丝绸的，肩膀上的图案，和窗扇往往增加一条，作为装饰。这些不同的设计来是传统中国服饰的独特功能之一。
较深的颜色都赞成对较轻的中国传统服装，所以礼仪服装的主色调往往是阴暗而明亮，精致的织锦图案点缀。浅色服装是穿更频繁地被普通百姓的日常生活和周围的房子使用。中国的联营公司之若干颜色与特定的季节：绿色代表春天，红色象征夏天，白色代表秋天，和黑色象征着冬天。中国人说有一个充分发展的配套制度，协调和对比鲜明的色彩和明暗色调的服装。
现代的服装
如今，时装设计师利用传统与现代观念的混合，创造新的流行款式。这些新的流行款式还采用了古老的图案，如守护神，狮子，和中国的戏曲人物面具。中国青铜是印刷，编织，绣花，并应用于设计的衣服另一个来源。一些独特的设计，包括龙，凤，云和闪电。从中国传统绘画图案也结束了在机织或印刷的时尚设计。
在现代社会中，男人被视为在社交场合穿着端庄和精致的中国传统的长衫，妇女经常穿的旗袍，传统清朝服装的改进形式，在正式场合。高度，长度，宽度和领子的装饰，袖子，裙子，而这个东方时尚之基本停产的变化是无限的。
许多配件如流苏花边是用来装饰的肩膀，紧身胸衣，口袋，接缝和服装的开口，以及腰带，发饰和项链。现代与传统的时尚元素组合一些成功的例子是现代新娘头饰的基础上，宋朝的设计和纯红色，蓝色和绿色的传统色彩绣制成窗框的湖南省风格。从这些例子可以看出，如何将传统的中国服饰是现代时尚的基础。不过，中国也采取了许多西方风格的服装，如西装和牛仔裤。
3-plys export carton 三坑出口纸箱 a pair of braces 一副裤子背带 accessory 辅料 acetate lining 亚沙迪里布，亚沙地里布 air freight 空运费 allover embroidery 全身绣花，[粤]全身车花 anti-pilling agent 抗起毛剂 antistatic finish 防静电处理 automatic lock (zip) 自动锁拉链 apparel 成衣 applique 贴布绣 appearance quality 外观质量 approved swatch 确认的样布 armhole，scye 袖窿，[粤]夹圈 [欧]Art.No.，[美]style No. 款号 assembling of front & back part 前后幅合并 assorted color 混色 assorted size混码 assorted color assorted size 混色混码 attach collar 上领，绱领 attach cuff to sleeve 车袖头到袖子上，[粤]车鸡英到袖子上attachment （安装在衣车上辅助车缝的）附件 attention card 注意卡 autolock zipper 自动锁拉链 azo dye 偶氮染料 back cover front 后搭前，后盖前 back rise 后直裆，[粤]后浪 back stitch 回针，倒针，[粤]返针 back 后片，后幅 backless dress 露背裙 barb wire，loop pin 行李索 bar code sticker 条码贴纸，条形码贴纸 bargaining 讨价还价 base layer （多层服装的）内层 basting 疏缝，假缝 bead （装饰用）有孔小珠 bell bottom 喇叭裤脚 belt 带，腰带 belt loop，（belt-loop，beltloop）腰带袢，裤带袢，[粤]裤耳，耳仔bias cut 斜纹裁，[粤]纵纹裁 binder 滚边器，[粤]拉筒，包边蝴蝶，滚边蝴蝶 binding 滚边 binding tape 滚条 bleach spot漂白斑 bleach 漂白 blended 混纺 blouse 女衬衫，类似衬衫的女上衣 bodice 衣服大身部分 body 上衣的主要部分（除领、袖外）[粤]衫身 bottom，hem 下摆，[粤]衫脚，裤脚 bottoms 下装（下半身的服装。如裤、裙等），短睡裤 bow tie 蝴蝶结领结。（bow-tie是“回转波”） boxer 平脚裤，[粤]孖烟通 box pleat，（box-pleat）工字褶，[粤]外工字褶
Change Of Chinese Clothing Traditional Clothing An outstanding characteristic of traditional Chinese clothing is not only an external expression of elegance, but also an internal symbolism. Each and every piece of traditional clothing communicates a vitality of its own. This combination of external form with internal symbolism is clearly exemplified in the pair of fighting pheasant feathers used in head wear originating in the battle wear of the Warring States period (475-221 B.C.). Two feathers of a ho bird (a type pheasant good at fighting) were inserted into the head wear of warriors of this period to symbolize a bold and warlike spirit. Archaeological findings of 18,000 year-old artifacts such as bone sewing needles and stone beads and shells with holes bored in them attest to the existence of ornamentation and of sewing extremely early in Chinese civilization. Variety and consistency in clothing were roughly established by the era of the Yellow Emperor and the Emperors Yao and Shun (about 4,500 years ago). Remains of woven silk and hemp articles and ancient ceramic figures further demonstrate the sophistication and refinement of clothing in the Shang Dynasty (16th to 11th century B.C.). The three main types of traditional Chinese clothing are the pien-fu, the ch'ang-p'ao, and the shen-i. The pien-fu is an ancient two-piece ceremonial costume of a tunic-like top extending to the knees and a skirt or trousers extending to the ankles. The ch'ang-p'ao is a one-piece garment extending from the shoulders all the way to the heels. The shen-i is a cross between the pien-fu and the ch'ang-p'ao; it consists of a tunic and a skirt or trousers like the pien-fu, but the tunic and the skirt are sewed together and essentially one piece like the chang-pao. Consequently, the shen-i was the most widely worn of the three types. Typical of these three types of clothing were wide and voluminous sleeves and a very loose fit. Tunic and trousers or tunic and skirt, utilized a very minimum number of stitches for the amount of cloth used. So because of their relatively plain design and structure, embroidered edgings, decorated bands, draped cloth or silks, patterns on the shoulders, and sashes were often added as ornamentation. These varied designs came to be one of the unique features of traditional Chinese dress. Darker colors were favored over lighter ones in traditional Chinese clothing, so the main color of ceremonial clothing tended to be dark while bright, elaborate tapestry designs accented. Lighter colored clothing was worn more frequently by the common people for everyday and around the house use. The Chinese associate certain colors with specific seasons: green represents spring, red symbolizes summer, white represents autumn, and
服装尺寸表（中英文对照）服装尺寸表（中英文对照） 一些不是很常用的词汇 HEM EDGE 拖曳部分（具体视衣服的设计图-在底部下摆边缘FRONT YOKE HEIGHT FROM HPS 前约克长-从肩顶量起 ACROSS BACK-PLACEMENT FRM HPS 后胸宽-在肩膀处量 ACROSS FRONT-PLACEMENT FRM HPS 前胸宽-在肩膀处量 COLLAR LENGTH AT NECK SEAM 领高-后颈缝量 FRONT POCKET WIDTH-AT TOP EDGE 前口袋宽-在最顶部 FRONT POCKET OPENING ALONG THE EDGE 前口袋边缘的开口 FRONT POCKET FROM HPS TO POCKET EDGE 前口袋从衣肩顶点到口袋边 FRONT POCKET FRM CTR FRT 前口袋拉链xx
FRONT POCKET HEIGHT @ OUTER SIDE 前口袋外侧高 COVER PLACKET WIDTH 口袋盖片宽 ARMHOLE DROP-FRM HPS 袖长-从肩顶量起 LENGTH-HPS TO HEM xx-肩顶至下摆 Bottoms下装 back rise后直裆长，[粤]后浪长 back yoke height后约克高，[粤]后机头高 fly length（裤）门襟长，[粤]钮牌长 fly width（裤）门襟宽，[粤]钮牌宽 front rise前直裆长，[粤]前浪长 high hipxx臀围，xx坐围 hip，hip width臀围，坐围 inseam length内长 knee膝围 leg opening裤脚围 side seam，outseam length外长，[粤]侧骨长sweep（裙）下摆，[粤]（裙）脚围
纺织品专业词汇翻译中英文对照表纺织品[转]纺织品专业词汇翻译中英文对照表纺织品Braided Fabric 编织物 Deformation 变形；走样 Fast Colours 不褪色；色泽牢固 Punch Work 抽绣 Embroidery 刺绣品 Acetate Fibre 醋酯纤维 Hemp 大麻 Damp Proof 防潮 Sanforizing, Pre-Shrunk 防缩 Textiles 纺织品 Crochet 钩编编织物 Gloss, Lustre 光泽 Synthetic Fibre 合成纤维 Chemical Fibre 化学纤维 Jute 黄麻 Gunny Cloth (Bag) 黄麻布（袋） Mixture Fabric, Blend Fabric 混纺织物Woven Fabric 机织织物 Spun Silk 绢丝 Linen 麻织物 Woolen Fabrics 毛织物（品） Cotton Textiles 棉纺织品 Cotton Velvet 棉绒 Cotton Fabrics 棉织物（品） Non-Crushable 耐绉的 Viscose Acetal Fibre 黏胶纤维Matching, Colour Combinations 配色Rayon Fabrics 人造丝织物 Artificial Fibre 人造纤维 Crewel Work 绒线刺绣 Mulberry Silk 桑蚕丝, 家蚕丝 Silk Fabrics 丝织物 Silk Spinning 丝纺 Linen Cambric 手帕亚麻纱 Plain 素色 Figured Silk 提花丝织物 Jacquard 提花织物 Applique Embroidery 贴花刺绣Discolourization 褪色 Mesh Fabric 网眼织物 Bondedfibre Fabric 无纺织物
各种衣服用英语怎么说（衣服的中文+英文） 男衬衣 shirt 背心裙 Jumper skirt 女衬衣blouse 斜裙 bias skirt 长裤 pants 鱼尾裙 fish tail skirt 短裤shorts 超短裙 miniskirt 牛仔裤jeans 筒裙 barrel skirt, tube skirt T恤T-shirt 旗袍裙 cheongsam skirt, hobble skirt, slim skirt 大衣 coat 西服裙 tailored skirt 西服 suit 内衣 underwear 毛衣 sweater 短裙 skirt 连衣裙 dress 燕尾服 tailcoat 毛呢服装woolen garment 由纯毛、毛混纺织物为面料制成的服装。 棉布服装cotton clothes 由全棉、棉混纺织物制成的服装。 丝绸服装silk garment 由天然丝、人造丝、合成丝织物制成的服装。 化纤服装chemical fiber garment 由各种化学纤维织物制成的服装。 裘革服装fur or leather garment 由裘皮或革皮制成的服装。 羽绒服装down garment
内充羽绒的服装。 人造毛皮服装artificial fur and leather garment 由天然或化学纤维仿各种毛皮的织物为面料制成的服装。 男式服装men's wear 成年男子穿着的服装。 女式服装women's wear 成年女子穿着的服装。 儿童服装children's wear 适合儿童穿着的服装。 婴儿服装infant's wear 适合周岁以内婴儿穿着的服装。 服装成品 上装 西服suit 西式上衣。按钉纽扣不同，可分为单排口西服、双排扣西服等；按驳头不同，可分为平驳头西服、戗驳头西服等。 同义词：西装 中山服zhongshan jacket 根据孙中山先生曾穿着的立领、贴袋衣服的式样演变而成的上衣。 同义词：中山装 军便装undress uniform 仿军服式样的上衣。 青年服young men's jacket 立领、三开袋或三贴袋式样的上衣。· 茄克衫jacket 衣长较短，宽胸围、紧袖口、紧下摆式样的上衣。 猎装hunting coat 原打猎时穿的服装，现在已发展为日常生活穿的多口袋、开背叉式样上衣，有短袖、长袖之分。 衬衫*（男）、blouse（女）
课文翻译： 第一章服装面料的选择 1.1 材料知识 根据顾客的需要选择适当的面料非常重要，所以我们首先需要知道一些服装材料知识，比如未加工的材料和服饰配件。 1.1.1 新型纺织纤维 纺织是用来描述机织与针织面料的，例如通过机织，针织，制毯，毡合和起毛等方式制成的锋线，绳线，绳索，织带，花边，刺绣品，网布和面料等。新型纺织纤维拥有许多特征,使其在许多以前意想不到的应用中很有用处。但是纺织品仍然是我们在家或者办公室里，穿的衣服和陈设用品的主要组成部分。 最初，所有纺织品都由天然纤维制作而成，如棉，羊毛，马海毛，亚麻，苎麻和小羊驼等。在织成布料前，只有将这些短纤维纺成纱线后才能有效应用。天然纤维是来自植物，动物，或矿物，包括棉，亚麻，羊毛，丝绸。人造纤维是化学生产。每根纤维的特点，使它们适合各种用途.混合纤维由两根或更多的不同的纤维组成。通常纤维在织物（面料）中占很高的百分比，但成功的混合会表现出（面料）最好的品质。 复杂的纤维可分为根据其原有的特色和属性分类。下面的图表是一种常见的纺织纤维分类。 丝绸是第一个单纤维材料,多年来科学家着迷于“人工”丝绸。一些新的纤维拥有一些特点，使它们抗污，防火，甚至非常坚韧。
有些是“非织造”矩阵的重叠纤维。在纺织技术的不断创新，更不寻常的产品几乎将肯定出现。这些发展奠定了基础的科学原则，领导了杜邦公司发明尼龙和聚酯纤维及纱线.人造纤维是由自然产品，如纤维素和蛋白质。不是特别有抵抗力，可以染色很容易但往往失去颜色。易皱，如果他们没有经过特殊处理，可以缩小或失去形状。这些面料具有丝绸的外观，形状很好，因此能生产理想的布料。可用于内衣，套装，上衣和里料。 合成纤维完全是由化学品制成的。合成纤维通常比任何天然或再生纤维更坚韧。合成纤维和再生醋酸纤维是热塑性塑料，他们是热软化形成的。因此，厂商可以在高温下塑造这些纤维，添加褶皱和折痕等特征（功能）。合成纤维如果高温熨烫可以融化。使用最广泛的合成纤维有尼龙（聚酰胺），聚酯，丙烯酸和烯烃（石蜡：石油提取物）。 最重要的动物面料是羊毛，马海毛，羊绒等.用在西装，外衣布料，衣（裙）类物品，针织品，地毯等.最高质量的马海毛是昂贵的,这是一种有纺织难度的纤维。山羊绒是克什米尔细毛羊的绒毛。克什米尔细毛羊生长两种羊毛，一种又好又柔软的绒毛和粗糙的长毛，羊绒柔软有光泽。手感相当光滑，用于高质量的针织品，衣裙类服装，大衣，和西装。100%羊绒制成的织物价格昂贵，因此混合羊毛很常见。
服装常用英语及短语 关于服装的英语名称 有关服装通称的英语称谓很多，但它们的用法不尽相同。在服装贸易或生产中，garment和clothing用得比较多。 garment是可数名词，是一种比较正式的对成品服装的称呼，如garment factory等；clothing是不可数名词，是各种衣服的总称，它还常用来作定语表示“（有关）服装（生产或研究）的”，如clothing factory，clothing industry等。 clothes作为“衣服”的总称，总是采用复数形式，它常在日常英语中用来表示比较具体条件下的一件件衣服。 apparel表示“服装、衣着、服饰”时是不可数名词，常在文学作品中用来描述服装。 dress作为不可数名词时，可以表示服装的总称，尤指外衣，与clothes同义；和其它词连用时，指考究的正式场合穿的衣服，如dress shirt（正式场合穿着的衬衫）、evening dress（晚礼服）等。dress作为可数名词时，则指连衣裙。 wear作为服装的统称是不可数名词，商业上常用它来构成复合词，表示特定场合或某类人穿的服装，如children's wear（童装），underwear（内衣），casual wear（或leisure wear，休闲装），sport wear（运动服）。 一、常用单词 1. 总体： 服装apparel；garments；clothes：衣服、衣裳 时装fashion 成衣ready-to-wear 定制服装tailor made 上装tops 下装bottoms 套装suits 连身装cover all 内衣underwear 外衣outerwear 男装Young Men's wear：适合于成年男子穿着的服装。 女装Misses' wear 适合于成年女子穿着的服装。 少男服装boy's clothes 少女服装girl's clothes 儿童服装children's wear 婴幼儿服装infant's wear 功能性服装functional garments 职业服work wear 休闲服casual wear 款式style：服装的式样。 造型silhouette：服装的外形轮廓。 结构garment construction on sale 换季 off size 尺码不全
少年易学老难成，一寸光阴不可轻。 服装专业术语中英文对照 购衣点吧 目录 一、成品上装术语 (1) 二、成品裙子术语 (2) 三、成品裤子术语 (3) 四、成品全身装术语 (3) 五、领子的造型名称 (4) 六、口袋的造型名称 (5) 七、小部件造型名称 (5) 八、上装前身的部位名称 (6) 九、上装后身的部位名称 (6) 十、服装袖子术语 (7) 十一、服装标准术语 (7) 十二、下装的部位名称 (8) 十三、包装物料、车缝物料 (9) 十四、辅料 (9) 十五、颜色 (10) 十六、纺织品与服装测试项目 (12) 十七、洗涤 (15) 十八、样板 (15) 一、成品上装术语 〔西服Western-style clothes〕又称西装，即西式上衣的一种形式。按钉纽扣的左右排数 不同，可分为单排扣西服和双排扣西服；按照上下粒数的不同，分为一粒扣西服、两粒扣西 服、三粒扣西服等。粒数与排数可以有不同的组合，如单排两粒扣西服、双排三粒扣西服等； 按照驳头造型的不同，可分为平驳头西服、枪驳头西服、青果领西服等。西服已成为国际通 行的男士礼服。 〔背心Vest〕也称为马甲或坎肩，是一种无领无袖，且较短的上衣。主要功能是使前后 胸区域保温并便于双手活动。它可以穿在外衣之内，也可以穿在内衣外面。主要品种有各种 造型的西服背心、棉背心、羽绒背心及毛线背心等。 〔牛仔服Cowboy's Clothes〕原为美国人在开发西部、黄金热时期所穿着的一种用帆布 制作的上衣。后通过影视宣传及名人效应，发展成为日常生活穿用的服装。1970 年代曾风靡全世界，现已成为全球性的定型服装。其面料多用坚固呢制作，款式已发展到牛仔茄克、牛 仔裤、牛仔衬衫、牛仔背心、牛仔马甲裙、牛仔童装等各种款式。牛仔服以其坚固耐用、休 闲粗犷等特点深受各国人民喜爱，虽然它的整体风格相对模式化，但其细部造型及装饰则伴 随着流行时装的周期与节奏，不断演绎和变化。 〔中山服Zhongshan coat〕又称中山装。根据孙中山先生曾穿着的款式命名。主要特点 是立领、前身四个明贴袋，款式造型朴实而干练。 〔军便服〕仿军服式样的上衣。
常用服装英语词汇“J” SHAPED POCKET J形袋 24L BUTTON 24号钮 6 FEED PIQUE 6模珠地 ACCESSORY 辅料 BACK ACROSS 后背宽 ACROSS MEASURE 横量 ACRYLIC 腈纶 ADHESIVE / FUSIBLE INTERLINING 粘衬 ANTIQUE BRASS COATING 镀青古铜 ANTISTATIC FINISH 防静电处理 APPAREL 成衣 APPEALING LOOK 吸引人的外表 APPROVAL SAMPLE 批办 APPROVED SAMPLE WITH SIGNING NAME 签名批办ARMHOLE 夹圈 ASSEMBLING OF FRONT & BACK PART 前后幅合并ASSEMBLING SECTION 合并部分 ATTACH COLLAR 上领 ATTACH LABEL 上商标 ATTACHMENT （车缝）附件 BACK COVER FRONT 后搭前 BACK MID-ARMHOLE 后背宽 BACK STITCH 返针，回针 BACKLESS DRESS 露背装 BAR CODED STICKER 条形码贴纸 BARGAINING 讨价还价 BAR-TACK 打枣 BASTE 假缝
BATILK 蜡染 BEARER 袋衬 BEARER & FACING 袋衬袋贴BEDFORD CORD. 坑纹布，经条灯心绒BELL BOTTOM 喇叭裤脚 BELLOWS POCKET 风琴袋 BELT 腰带 BELT-LOOP 裤耳 BIAS CUT 斜纹裁，纵纹裁BIFURCATE 分叉 BINDER 包边蝴蝶，滚边蝴蝶BINDING 包边 BINDING OF SLV. OPENING R折BINDING OF TOP VENT 面叉包边BINDING TAPE 包边 BINDING/BOUND 滚条 BLANKET 毛毯，地毯 BLEACH 漂白 BLEACH SPOT 漂白污渍 BLEEDING 洗水后褪色 BLEND FIBRE 混纺纤维 BLENDS 混纺 BLIND STITCH 挑脚线步 BLOUSE 女装衬衫 BODY PRESSING 衫身熨烫 BODY RISE 直浪 BOTTOM 衫脚，下摆 BOTTOM VENT OF SLEEVE 细侧BOTTOMS 下装 BOX-PLEATED 外工字褶
How clothing design and cultural industries refashioned frontier masculinities: a historical geography of Western wear Abstract Gendered subjectivities emerge historically and geographically, not only in situ, within an ?authentic‘ origin period or site, but through later retrospective commodifications and fantastical popular culture depictions. This article traces the masculine identity of the cowboy as commodified and performed through clothing. The cowboy emerged from colonial origins as a model and myth of frontier masculinity: the ?rugged outdoor type‘. But it was then formularized and stylized when subject to popular culture diffusion, and as accompanying clothing design evolved. Through clothing –advertised by metropolitan manufacturers and consumed across America and beyond –an archetypal, sexualized cowboy ?look‘ thus emerged. The author traces a historical geography of cowboy masculinities in clothing design, from early ?frontier garments for the outdoor man‘ to later Western-wear ?for that long, lean look‘. Related constructions of femininity are also considered, after women's Western-wear clothing lines were produced in the 1950s. To illustrate, I draw on archival brochures, catalogs, and advertising materials from the 1920s to 1970s, as well as discuss the material design of the clothes themselves. I focus especially on the Western snap shirt –an apparel item never actually worn on the nineteenth-century colonial frontier, but that became an ?essential‘ element of the cowboy look, and a vehicle for masculine appearance. Western-wear epitomizes how gendered subject positions are visually
常用服装英语词汇 3-plys export carton 三坑出口纸箱 a pair of braces 一副裤子背带 accessory 辅料 acetate lining 亚沙迪里布，亚沙地里布 air freight 空运费 allover embroidery 全身绣花，[粤]全身车花 anti-pilling agent 抗起毛剂 antistatic finish 防静电处理 automatic lock (zip) 自动锁拉链 apparel 成衣 applique 贴布绣 appearance quality 外观质量 approved swatch 确认的样布 armhole，scye 袖窿，[粤]夹圈 [欧]Art.No.，[美]style No. 款号 assembling of front & back part 前后幅合并 assorted color 混色 assorted size混码 assorted color assorted size 混色混码 attach collar 上领，绱领 attach cuff to sleeve 车袖头到袖子上，[粤]车鸡英到袖子上attachment （安装在衣车上辅助车缝的）附件 attention card 注意卡 autolock zipper 自动锁拉链 azo dye 偶氮染料 back cover front 后搭前，后盖前 back rise 后直裆，[粤]后浪 back stitch 回针，倒针，[粤]返针 back 后片，后幅 backless dress 露背裙 barb wire，loop pin 行李索 bar code sticker 条码贴纸，条形码贴纸 bargaining 讨价还价 base layer （多层服装的）内层 basting 疏缝，假缝 bead （装饰用）有孔小珠 bell bottom 喇叭裤脚 belt 带，腰带 belt loop，（belt-loop，beltloop）腰带袢，裤带袢，[粤]裤耳，耳仔bias cut 斜纹裁，[粤]纵纹裁
服装面料术语中英文翻译 关于面料的缩写 C：Cotton 棉 W：Wool 羊毛 M：Mohair 马海毛 RH：Rabbit hair 兔毛 AL：Alpaca 羊驼毛 S：Silk真丝 J：Jute 黄麻 L：linen 亚麻 Ts：Tussah silk 柞蚕丝 YH：Yark hair 牦牛毛 Ly：lycra莱卡 Ram：Ramine 苎麻 Hem：Hemp 大麻 T：Polyester 涤纶 WS：Cashmere 羊绒 N：Nylon 锦纶（尼龙） A：Acrylic 腈纶 Tel：Tencel 天丝,是Lyocell莱赛尔纤维的商品名 La：Lambswool 羊羔毛 Md：Model 莫代尔 CH：Camel hair 驼毛 CVC：chief value of cotton涤棉倒比（涤含量低于60％以下）Ms：Mulberry silk 桑蚕丝 R：Rayon 粘胶 纤维缩写代号 天然纤维 丝S 麻L 人造纤维 粘胶纤维R 醋酯纤维CA 三醋酯纤维CTA 铜氨纤维CVP 富强纤维Polynosic 蛋白纤维PROT
纽富纤维Newcell 合成纤维 碳纤维CF 聚苯硫醚纤维PPS 聚缩醛纤维POM 酚醛纤维PHE 弹性纤维PEA 聚醚酮纤维PEEK 预氧化腈纶PANOF 改性腈纶MAC 维纶PVAL 聚乙烯醇缩乙醛纤维PVB 氨纶PU 硼纤维EF 含氯纤维CL 高压型阳离子可染聚酯纤维CDP 常压沸染阳离子可染纤维ECDP 聚乳酸纤维PLA 聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯纤维PTT 聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维PBT 聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维PEN 聚乙烯、聚丙烯共混纤维ES 氯纶Pvo 聚对本二氧杂环已酮纤维PDS 弹性二烯纤维ED 同位芳香族聚酰胺纤维PPT 对位芳香族聚酰胺纤维PPTA 芳砜纶PDSTA 聚酰亚胺纤维Pi 超高强高模聚乙烯纤维CHMW-PE 其他 金属纤维MTF 玻璃纤维GE 服装术语——服装包装产品中英文对照 卷杆：RILLING/WINDING 散装：LOOSE PACKING 编织袋：WEAVING BAG 纸箱：CARTON 木箱：WODEN CASE 中性包装：NEUTRAL PACKING 单幅卷杆：ROLLED ON TUBES IN OPEN WIDTH
服装辅料产品中英文翻译词汇表 garment accessory 服装辅料；服饰配件attention card 注意卡 bar code sticker 条形码贴纸 bead 作衣服饰物用之小珠子 binding tape （包边）滚条 braid 织带 brocade 织有金银丝浮花的, 织锦, 锦缎 buckle 皮带扣 button mould 钮模 button 钮扣 cardboard 纸板 care label 洗水唛，洗水标 carton sticker 外箱贴纸 carton 纸箱
collar butterfly 领蝴蝶 collar stay 领插竹 conceal zipper 隐形拉链 content label 成份唛 cotton string 棉绳 country of origin label 产地唛 cowhide paper 牛皮纸 drawstring （穿在口袋或裤腰的）拉带，细绳elastic band 橡筋带 elastic 橡筋 embroidery patch 绣花章 epaulet 肩章 eyelet 鸡眼
eyes & hooks 乌蝇扣，钩棒扣 fastener 系结物 flag label 旗唛 frills 荷叶边 gusset 三角形插布 half moon patch 半月形龟背 hang tag sticker 挂卡贴纸 hang tag，swing tag 挂牌，吊牌，挂卡 herringbone tape 人字带 inner box 内箱，内盒 ace 花边 magic sticker 魔术贴 main label，brand label 主唛
An Evolution of Fashion The world of fashion began with individual couturiers and evolved, as a result of the Industrial Revolution, into a mass-market industry. By studying this evolution, we become better equipped to understand the organization of the fashion industry and the directions in which it is moving. The Beginning of Couture Although the history of fashion may be traced back hundreds of years, it was not until the late 1700s that individuality of design began to emerge. Styles were set by royalty and carried out by the dressmakers who served them. Only the upper class coud afford what was fashionable and finely produced. The poor made their own clothing or wore the cast-offs of the rich. By the end of the 18th century, one name had emerged in fashion design-Rose Bertin. Initially a milliner’s apprentice, she became France’s premier designer. As a result of the recognition she received from the Princess de Conti, Bertin was appointed court milliner in 1772. In that position, she was introduced to Marie Antoinette. She soon became the queen’s confidante as well as her official designer. Eventually, Bertin became Minister of Fashion for the French court. As her reputation grew, she was commissioned to design hats and dresses for the aristocracy. Her fame spread to other countries, and she soon started to export her merchandise. 翻译： 时装业的演变 世界时尚开始于个别女装设计师并逐渐演变的，因为工业革命而成为一个大众市场的行业。通过研究这种改革，我们更好地理解时尚产业的组织和它的发展方向。 女装设计的起源 虽然时尚的历史可以追溯到几百年，但直到18世纪后期，个性化设计才开始出现。风格是由皇室树立由当任他们的裁缝的人所进行的。只有上层能提供什么是时尚和精细的制作。穷人穿自己做的
服装面料专业词汇中英文对照参考 纱线 Yarns 棉及其混纺纱线 Cotton, Cotton Mixed & Blended Yarns 棉纱 Cotton Yarns 涤棉纱 T/C & CVC Yarns 粘棉纱 Cotton/Rayon Yarns 棉晴纱 Cotton/Acrylic Yarns 棉/氨纶包芯纱 Cotton/Spandex Yarns 棉与其他混纺纱 Cotton/Others Blended Yarns 毛纺系列纱线 Woollen Yarn Series 羊绒纱 Cashmere Yarn Series 全羊毛纱 Wool (100%) Yarns 毛晴纱 Wool/Acrylic Yarns 毛涤纱 Wool/Polyester Yarns 毛粘纱 Wool/Viscose Yarns 毛/丝纱Wool/Silk Yarnss 羊毛/其他 Wool/Other Yarns 兔毛纱 Angora Yarns 雪兰毛线 Shetland Yarns 牦牛毛纱 Yak Hair Yarns 羊仔毛纱 Lambswool Yarns 真丝系列纱线 Silk Yarn Series 白厂丝 White Steam Filature Yarns 双宫丝 Duppion Silk Yarns 柞蚕丝 Tussah Silk Yarns 绢丝 Spun Silk Yarns 柞绢丝 Tussah Spun Silk Yarns 柚丝 Silk Noil Yarns 真丝线 Silk Threads 丝棉混纺纱 Silk/Cotton Blended Yarns 麻纺系列纱线 Halm Yarn Series 亚麻系列纱线 Linen Yarn Series 苎麻系列纱线 Ramie Yarn Series 黄麻系列纱线 Jute Yarn Series 其他植物纤维纱线 Other Plant Yarns 剑麻系列纱线 Sisal Yarn Series 人造纤维和合成纱线 Manmade & Synthetic Yarns 晴纶纱 Acrylic Yarns 晴纶仿羊绒 Cashmere-like Acrylic Yarns 仿兔毛 Sunday Angora Yarns 锦纶丝 Polyamide Yarns 涤纶纱/丝 Polyester Yarns 人造棉纱 Spun Rayon Yarns 天丝纱 Tencel Yarns 弹力纱线 Elastane Yarns 涤粘纱 T/R (Polyester/Rayon) Yarns 人棉混纺纱 Spun Rayon Blended Yarns 其他化纤纱线 Other Synthetic Yarns 人造长丝或线 Viscose Filament Yarns or Threads 花色纱线 雪尼尔纱 Chenille Yarns 大肚纱 Big-belly Yarns 带子纱 Tape Yarns 马海毛纱 Mohair Yarns 羽毛纱 Feather Yarns 蜈蚣纱 Centipede like Yarns 项链纱 Neckline Yarns 辫子纱 Pigtail Yarns 梯子纱 Ladder Yarns 圈圈纱 Loop Yarns TT 纱 TT Yarns 结子纱 Knot Yarns 乒乓纱 Ping-Pong Yarns
服装展示架常用英语翻译 高度：height 型号：product type 颜色：color 样式：model 重量：weight 单价：unit price 购物车：shopping cart 条形背板：Display stand with slatwall 规格：specigication 长度：length 宽度：width 单面cd架 CD rack(single side) 碗架：Dish display holder 仓库warehouse 库房Storehouse 出口监管仓库Export supervised warehouse 海关监管货物Cargo under custom’S supervision 冷藏区Chill space 冷冻区Freeze space 控湿储存区Humldity controlled space 温度可控区Temperature controlled space 收货区Receiving space 发货区Shipping space 料棚Goods shed 货场Goods yard 货架Goods shelf 托盘Pallet 叉车Fork lift truck 输送机Conveyor 自动导引车Automatic guided vehicle （AGV） 箱式车Box car 自动化仓库Automatic Warehouse 立体仓库Stereoscopic Warehouse 虚拟仓库Virtual varehouse 保税仓库Boned Warehouse 集装箱Container 换算箱Twenty一feet equiva1ent unit （TEU） 标准箱。Twenty一feet equlvalent unit （TEU） 特种货物集装箱Specific cargo container 全集装箱船Full container ship 铁路集装箱场Railway container yard 公路集装箱中转站Inland container depot 集装箱货运站Container freight station（CFS） 集装箱码头Container terminal 国际铁路联运International through raiIway transport 国际多式联运International multimdal transport 大陆桥运输Land bridge transport 班轮运输Liner transport 租船运输Shipping by chartering