中考复习之动名词，不定式以及练习
动名词知识点以及练习
语法要点
动名词是非谓语动词的一种,不仅具有动词的性质,还具有名词的性质,在句中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化。
一、动名词的作用
1.作主语
Smoking is not good for your health.吸烟对你身体不好。
Fishing can give people a lot of fun.钓鱼为人们提供了很多乐趣。
2.作宾语
①作某些谓语动词的宾语。
常见的这些动词主要有:keep(保持),finish(结束),enjoy(喜欢),advise(劝告),suggest(建议),mind(介意),practise(练习),consider(考虑),imagine(想象),allow(准许),can't help(禁不住)等。
I have finished doing my homework.我已经写完了作业。
He did enjoy swimming.他的确喜欢游泳。
②作介词的宾语。
Mary is good at dancing.玛丽擅长跳舞。
I am looking forward to meeting you again soon.我盼望着早日再次见到你。
3.作定语
There is a swimming pool behind our school.我们学校后面有一个游泳池。
I saw her in the reading room yesterday.我昨天在阅览室里看见了她。
4.作表语
His job is telling stories to children.他的工作是给孩子们讲故事。
His favorite sport is playing football.他最喜爱的运动是踢足球。
二、动名词的时态和语态
1.时态
如果动名词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,这时候需要使用动名词的完成时,其构成是having+过去分词。
I really regret having done such a silly thing.我真后悔干了这样的傻事。
(傻事已经做过了,现在感到后悔。)
He forgot having turned off the light.他忘记已经把灯关掉了。
(关灯的动作发生在forget 之前。)
2.语态
当动名词的逻辑主语是动名词的接受者而不是发起者时,这时候需要使用动名词的被动形式。动名词被动形式的构成是being+过去分词。
He could not bear being made fool of like this.他不能忍受别人这样戏弄他。Upon being questioned,he denied having written the article.
在被盘问时,他不承认写过这篇文章。
三、动名词的否定形式
动名词的否定形式是在动名词前(完成形式在having前,被动形式在being前,
加否定词not.
Would you mind not smoking here?
你介意不在这里吸烟吗?
He said sorry for not answering my question.
他因为没有回答我的问题说对不起。
四、既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词
1.常见的既可接动名词,又可接不定式、且含义相同的动词这类动词主要有:like(喜欢),love(喜欢),hate(僧恨),prefer(宁可),begin(开始),start(开始),continue(继续)等。He likes swimming.
He likes to swim.他喜欢游泳。
He began doing his homework ten minutes ago.
He began to do his homework ten minutes ago.
他十分钟前开始写作业。
2.常见的既可接动名词又可接不定式但含义不同的动词
这类动词主要有:stop,remember,forget,try,regret,以及动词短语go on
① stop doing sth.表示“停止正在做的事情”
stop to do sth.表示“停下(一件事)而去做另外一件事”
Stop talking,please.请不要说话了!
She stopped to talk.她停了下来,开始说话。
② remember doing sth.表示“记着做过某事(已做)”
remember to do sth.表示“记住去做某事(将要去做)”
I remember turning off the light.我记得关过灯了。
Please do remember to turn off the light.千万记着要去关灯。
③forget doing sth.表示“忘记曾做了某事(已做过了)”
forget to do sth.表示“忘记要去做某事(还没有做)”
I forget paying the bill.我忘了已经付过钱了。
I forget to pay the bill.我忘了去付钱了。
④ regret doing sth.表示“后悔做过了某事”
regret to do sth.表示“遗憾要去做某事”
I regretted telling him the truth.
我后悔告诉了他事情的真相。
I regret to tell you that your mother is seriously ill.
我非常遗憾地告诉你你妈妈病得很重。
⑤try doing sth.表示“试着做某事”
try to do sth.表示“设法去做,努力去做”
I tried writing letters in English.我试着用英语写信。
I will try to answer your questions next week.
我将设法下周回答你的问题。
⑥ go on doing sth.表示“继续做原来做的事”
go on to do sth.表示“做完某事后接着做另一件”
He went on telling his stories.
他接着讲他的故事。
After he had finished his homework,he went on to read novel.
做完作业后,他接着读小说。
习题
1.Would you mind_______door for me? It is very cold.
A.close
B.closing
2.I am looking forward to_______the army.
A. join
B.joined
C.joining
D.to join
3.The teacher asked me_______it again.
A.not to do
B.to not do
C.not doing
D.doing not
4.My father really enjoys________after dinner even though he knows ______is not good for his health.
A.smoking;smoke
B.smoke;smoking
C.smoking;smoked
D.smoking;smoking
5.When I got home,I found my son was busy_______his homework.
A.do
B.did
C.on doing
D.in doing
6.We must prevent our father________.
A.not to smoke
B.from smoking
C.do not smoke
D.for smoking
7.It is clear that no one enjoys__________.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0a19473864.html,ugh at
B. laughing at
C.to be laughed at
D.being laughed at
8.I have told you many times that no one would like________.
A.to be kept waiting
B. being kept to wait
C.keeping to wait
D.to keep to waiting
9.My radio needs_______,so I ask my father to have it______.
A.repair;repair
B.repairing;repairing
C.repairing;repaired
D.repaired;repaired
10.After finishing his work,he went on_______an e-mail to his pen friend.
A.send
B.to send
C.sending
D.sent
11.-Did you turn off the light?
-Let me think it over.Oh,yes.I remembered________light.
A.to turn off
B.turned off
C.having turned off
D.turn off
12.When you leave for school, please remember_______the door.
A.to lock
B.locking
C.lock
D.locked
13.You should stay at home instead of______out because it is raining hard.
A.go
B.to go
C.to going
D. going
14.I can't make myself_____because my English needs______.
A.understood;improving
B.understand;improved
C.understood;improved
D.understanding;improving
15.She was afraid________fired.
A.be
B.being
C.of being
D.to being
16.It's no use_____with him over this matter.
A.talk
B.talking
17.I left the party without_________good-bye to anybody.
A.say
B.said
C.to say
D. saying
18.People prefer driving to_____.
A. walking
B. walk
C.walked
D.to walk
19.The girl was very angry at_______that eveníng.
A. being not invited
B.not being invited
C.not invited
D.be not inviting
20.The teacher stopped the stranger______the classroom.
A.to enter
B.to have entered
D.enters C.entering
动词不定式知识点以及练习
语法要点
动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,通常由加动词原形构成。它不受人称和数的限制,并保留了动词的某些特点,可以有自己的状语、补足语筝。此外,不定式还可以有逻辑上的主语以及时态和语态上的变化。
一、动词不定式的作用
1.作主语
To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness on earth.
爱与被爱是人世间最大的快乐。
To see is to believe.眼见为实。
2.作宾语
He offered to go with us.
他提出要和我们一起走。
I prefer to call off the meeting because of the rain.
因为下雨,我倾向于取消会议。
He promised not to tell anybody about it.
他保证不跟任何人说这件事情。
3.作表语
To see is to believe.
百闻不如一见。(此句的主语为不定式,表语也为不定式。)
The greatest happiness is to work for the people.
最大的快乐就是为大家工作。
4.作宾语补足语
I want my son to become a lawyer.
我想让我的儿子成为一名律师。
I told him to go there at once.
我叫他马上到那里去。
5.作定语
He usually has a lot of meetings to attend in the evening.
他通常晚上有很多会议要参加。
The teacher assigned us two exercises to do at nome.
老师给我们布置了两个家庭作业。
6.作状语
不定式作状语时可以表示目的、原因、结果、比较、方式等。在充当表示原因、结果的状语时,不可置于句首。
Some eat to live,and some live to eat.
有些人为了生存面吃饭,有些人为了吃饭而生存。
We're not such fools as to believe him.
我们不是傻瓜,不会相信他的。
He is too young to join the army.
他太年轻,不能参军。
To tell(you)the truth,I don't like him.
跟你讲实话,我不宮次他。
二、不定式与it
1.不定式与形式主语it
形式主语it代替不定式主语,从而使整个句子的结构比较平衡。如果需要表明不定式这个动作是谁做的,可以在不定式前加一个for来引导逻辑主语。
It is impossible to explain what I mean.
=To explain what I mean is impossible.
很难解释清楚我的意思。
It is very difficult for me to do the job.
=To do the job is very difficult for me.
对我来说,完成这项工作很难。
2.不定式与形式宾语it
形式宾语it代替不定式宾语,而把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后。
He thoight it a great pity not to invite her.
=He thought that not to invite her was a great pity.
他认为没有邀请她是一大遗憾
I find it very difficult to finish the work.
=I find that to finish the work is very difficult.
我感觉完成这项工作很难。
三、不定式to的省略
1.在带有复合宾语的某些动词和动词短语后需要省略不定式。
这些动词和动词短语主要有:have,make,let,feel,see,hear,observe，watch,hear,listen to,look at等。
She always makes her husband cook the meal.
她总是让丈夫做饭。
Why not let her go?为什么不让她去?
2.在and,or,than 后需要省略不定式。
两个动词不定式由and,or,than 连接在一起时,第二个动词不定式常常不带to。Do you want o have lunch now or wait till later?
你现在吃午饭还是等晚一点再吃?
I'd like to lie down and go to sleep.
我宁愿躺下来睡觉。
四、不定式的时态与语态
1.时态
①不定式的一般现在时
表示与主要谓语动词所表示的动作,状态同时发生,或之后发生。
I am glad to meet you again.我很高兴再次见到你。
They arranged to start early.他们安排早点开始。
②不定式的进行时
如果谓语动词表示的动作发生时,不定式所表示的动作正在进行,这时要使用不定式的进行时。
We didn't expect you to be waiting for us here.
我们没有想到你会在这里等着我们。
I don't want you to be wasting your time like this.
我不希望你如此浪费你的时间。
③不定式的完成时
如果不定式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生,不定式要用完成时。
1 am glad to have seen your father.
我很高兴见过你的爸爸。
1 am sorryto have given you so much trouble.
我很抱歉给你带了这么多麻烦。
2.语态
当不定式的逻辑主语是该动词不定式所表示动作的承受者时,不定式要用被
动形式。
It is a great honor for me to be asked to speak here.
在这里被邀请发言对我来说是莫大的荣幸
He wanted his letter to be sent at once.
他希望他的信马上被寄走。
习题
1.She was the first woman______to the committee.
A.to be elected
B.was elected
C.which she was elected
D.for her to be elected
2.If you promise_____angry with me,I will tell you what I have done.
A.get not
B.not get
C.not to get
D.not getting
3.This book is said_______into dozens of languages.
A.to have been translated
B.to translate
C.to be translated
D.to have translated
4.That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but_____the police.
A.called in
B.calling in
C.call in
D.to call in
5.If I had remembered______the window,the thief would not have got in.
A.to close
B.closing
C.to have closed
D. having closed
6.I'd rather read than watch television.The programs seem______all the time.
A.to get worse
B.to have got worse
C.to be getting worse
D.getting worse
7.The sailor did nothing but______the food.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0a19473864.html,plain about
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0a19473864.html,plained about
C.to complain about
D.had been complaining about
8.-What shall I tell them?
-You_____that I'l see them now.
A.had better tell
B.had better say
C.had better to tell
D.had better to say
9.______,we had to change our seats.
A. To get a better view of the stage
B.Getting a better view
C.Having got a better view of the stage
D.Got with a better view
10.They needed to walk faster_______.
A.to arrive by their home in time
B.arriving their home on time
C.to reach their home on time
D.reaching their home on time
11.John said that he had to run in order_______.
A.that he catch the bus
B.that he can catch the bus
C.to catch the bus
D.to the bus he could catch
12.I hope______home early.
A.to drive
B.to drive to
C.drive to
D.drive
13______this experiment is not difficult.
A.Having done
B.Being done
C.To do
D. Done
14.It is necessary______the book immediately.
A.for him to return
B.that he returns
C.his returning
D.to him return
15.He expressed his wish_____the Great Wall.
A. visting
B.to visiting
C.to visit
D.that visit
16.Do you know_____the repairs?
A.to do
B.how to do
C.to make
D.how make
17.I was pleased_____your sister the week before last.
A.to meet
B.have met
C.to be
D.to have met
18.Let's hurry_______late for the meeting.
A.so as to be
B.so as not to be
C. for being
D. not being
19.It is never too late for anyone______.
A.to learn
B.to learning
C.to be learned
D.to have learned
20.I got to the airport,only______that the plane had left ten minutes before.
A.found
B.finding
C.to find
D.to have found
中考复习之动名词，不定式以及练习 动名词知识点以及练习 语法要点 动名词是非谓语动词的一种,不仅具有动词的性质,还具有名词的性质,在句中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 一、动名词的作用 1.作主语 Smoking is not good for your health.吸烟对你身体不好。 Fishing can give people a lot of fun.钓鱼为人们提供了很多乐趣。 2.作宾语 ①作某些谓语动词的宾语。 常见的这些动词主要有:keep(保持),finish(结束),enjoy(喜欢),advise(劝告),suggest(建议),mind(介意),practise(练习),consider(考虑),imagine(想象),allow(准许),can't help(禁不住)等。 I have finished doing my homework.我已经写完了作业。 He did enjoy swimming.他的确喜欢游泳。 ②作介词的宾语。 Mary is good at dancing.玛丽擅长跳舞。 I am looking forward to meeting you again soon.我盼望着早日再次见到你。 3.作定语 There is a swimming pool behind our school.我们学校后面有一个游泳池。 I saw her in the reading room yesterday.我昨天在阅览室里看见了她。 4.作表语 His job is telling stories to children.他的工作是给孩子们讲故事。 His favorite sport is playing football.他最喜爱的运动是踢足球。 二、动名词的时态和语态 1.时态 如果动名词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,这时候需要使用动名词的完成时,其构成是having+过去分词。 I really regret having done such a silly thing.我真后悔干了这样的傻事。 (傻事已经做过了,现在感到后悔。) He forgot having turned off the light.他忘记已经把灯关掉了。 (关灯的动作发生在forget 之前。) 2.语态 当动名词的逻辑主语是动名词的接受者而不是发起者时,这时候需要使用动名词的被动形式。动名词被动形式的构成是being+过去分词。 He could not bear being made fool of like this.他不能忍受别人这样戏弄他。Upon being questioned,he denied having written the article. 在被盘问时,他不承认写过这篇文章。 三、动名词的否定形式 动名词的否定形式是在动名词前(完成形式在having前,被动形式在being前, 加否定词not. Would you mind not smoking here?
2021年中考英语复习考点归纳（7AUnits 5~6） 高频词汇 考点1 festival n. 节日(教材P57 Welcome) [知识精讲] festival是名词，意为“节日”，既可单独使用，也可与其他单词一起构成节日名称。如： There are many traditional festivals in China. 中国有许多传统节日。 Spring Festival春节 May Day五一劳动节 Children's Day儿童节 New Year's Day元旦 National Day国庆节 Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节 Teachers' Day教师节 考点精练1 1.(2020•咸宁)一Chinese people usually stay at home with their families on to welcome the new year. 一But this year, thousands of medical workers left their homes to fight the COVID-19(新冠肺炎). A. National Day B. the Mid-Autumn Festival C. the Spring Festival D. the Dragon Boat Festival 2. (2020•昆明)一Good morning, Lily. ? 一Thursday. It's the Dragon Boat Festival. A. How's everything today B. What day is it today C. How's the weather today D. What's the date today 考点2 seem linking v. 好像，似乎，看来(教材P64 Integrated skills) [知识精讲]“seem+形容词”意为“看起来……”；seem to do sth. 意为“好像做某事”；“It seems that…’’意为“似乎……”；seem like意为“似乎，好像”。如： He seems to be happy today. 他今天似乎很高兴。 考点精练2 3. (2020•南通) It too late. Let's have a rest and work on the plan tomorrow morning, shall we? A. sounds B. seems C. feels D. smells 考点3 different adj. 不同的(教材P64 Integrated skills) [知识精讲] different是形容词，副词形式为differently，名词形式为difference。“be different from…”意为“与……不同”，反义短语是“the same as…”，意为“与……相同”。make a difference 意为“有影响，有关系”。如： He wants to push himself forward and be different from others. 他就爱出风头，想要跟别人不一样。 考点精练3 4. (无锡模拟)He didn't notice the (different) between the two pictures though they were obvious. 5. 一Which should we start with, Water World or Space World?
2021年中考英语复习考点归纳（9A Unit1） 高频词汇 考点1 creative adj.有创造力的；创造性的(教材P7 Welcome) [知识精讲] creative的动词形式为create，意为“创造，创建，引起”。 考点2 energetic adj.精力充沛的(教材P7 Welcome) [知识精讲] energetic的名词形式为energy，是不可数名词，意为“精力，活力”，energetic 相当于full of energy。 have lots of energy有许多粉力 give you energy给你能量 考点3 praise n.赞扬，表扬(教材P8 Reading) [知识精讲] praise还可作及物动词，意为“赞扬，赞美；歌颂”，后面直接加宾语。 in praise of称赞 praise sb. for sth.因为某李表扬某人 考点4 lead n.领先地位；榜样(教材P8 Reading) [知识精讲] lead还可作动词，意为“指引，引导；带领”。 take the lead处于领先地位 lose the lead失去领先地位，落在后面 provide leads for为……提供线索 lead to导致 One thing leads to another. 事情一件接着一件。 考点5 attention n.注意，专心(教材P9 Reading) [知识精讲] attention是不可数名词，不能与不定冠词连用，没有复数形式。 pay attention to, give attention to, bring attention to中的to是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词。 attract/catch one's attention吸引某人的注意力 考点6 devote vt.把……贡献，把……专用于(教材P9 Reading ) [知识精讲] devote常与介词to连用，表示“致力于，献身于”，to后接名词或动名词。 考点7 impatient adj.不耐烦的，急躁的(教材P12 Grammar) [知识精讲] impatient的名词形式为impatience。be impatient to do sth.迫不及待做某事，相当于can't wait to do sth.。 be impatient with sb.对某人没有耐心 be impatient at/with sth.对某事没有耐心 考点精练1 1. (2020·泰州)It's a idea to build cabin hospitals (方舱医院)to receive patients during the outbreak of COVID-19(新冠肺炎). A. cheerful B. classical C. creative D. curious 考点精练2 2.(扬州江都模拟)—Your grandfather is always full of . Do you know the secret? —Well, he takes exercise every morning and keeps healthy diets. A. force B. stress C. energy D. strength 3.(盐城中考)Yancheng, energetic city, has set up trade relations with lots of
中考动词不定式(to do)讲解+专练[附答案] 在英语句子中,动词有两种。一种是谓语动词,另一种是非谓语动词。动词不定式就属于非谓语动词。 动词不定式没有人称、数和时态的变化。不受主语人称和谓语动词的时态变化影响。在句子中不能单独做谓语，但仍要保留动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。 一.动词不定式的基本形式; 不定式的基本形式是to+动词原形，to没有任何意义，不翻译。 不定式的否定形式在不定式前+not/never即可。 二.动词不定式的句法作用 1.动词不定式作主语 动词不定式可以用作句子中的主语，这时谓语动词要用单数。 Eg:To see is easy ，but to do is difficult. To ask him for help is necessary. To help poor people is our duty. ★当动词不定式做主语时,如果带有宾语或状语,那么主语就会很长。这时，常用it来代替不定式做形式主语,而将真正的主语---不定式,转移到谓语之后,以避免句子结构头重脚轻。Eg:It is necessary to ask him for help. It is our duty to help poor people. It is not easy to master a foreign language. It took us two hours to get there by bike. ★如果要说明不定式的动作是谁做的,不定式前要用for引起的短语。常用结构是It be+adj+for sb+to do sth.翻译为“做某事对于某人来说是怎么样的？ Eg:It is important for us to study English well. It is difficult for him to answer these questions. ★如果某些表示人的品行的形容词,例kind,good,nice,wrong,careless,wise, foolish,polite,clever,right,unwise,stupid,thoughtful,rude,silly, impolite等等作表语时，不定式前要用of引起的短语。其结构是It be+adj+of sb(名词或代词宾格)+to do sth,翻译为“某人是怎么样的去做某事”. Eg:It is kind of you to help me with my English. It was stupid of him to make a mistake. 2.动词不定式作宾语 当句子中已经有谓语动词,而我们又要表达的不止一个动作概念时,我们就可以用动词不定式做宾语。能直接跟不定式做宾语的动词有agree, choose,decide, forget,hope,learn,like,plan,prepare,promise,refuse,remember,seem,
2021年中考英语复习考点归纳（8A Unit1） 高频词汇 考点1honest adj. 诚实的；正直的(教材P7 Welcome) [知识精讲] honest的首字母h不发音，其读音的第一个音素是元音音素，因此当honest前面需要用不定冠词时，应该用an。dishonest意为“不诚实的”，前面的不定冠词用a。如：an honest man一个诚实的人 a dishonest boy一个不诚实的男孩 考点2 humorous adj. 幽默的(教材P7 Welcome) [知识精讲] humorous是形容词，其名词形式为humour，意为“幽默”。如: My uncle has a good sense of humour. 我的叔叔很有幽默感。 考点3bored adj. 无聊的(教材P8 Reading) [知识精讲] bored和boring都可指“无聊的，乏味的”，而且都是形容词，但bored一般用于说明人对某事物的感受，而boring一般用于修饰令人感到无聊或乏味的人或事物。 be/get bored with sb. / sth. 对某人/某物感到厌倦 be/get bored with doing sth. 叶做某事感到厌倦 类似的单词有：surprising—surprised; amazing—amazed; interesting—interested; exciting—excited等。 考点4choose vt.&vi. 选择；挑选(教材P10 Reading) [知识精讲] choose的过去式为chose，过去分词为chosen，现在分词为choosing，名词形式为choices choose to do sth. 选择做某事 choose sb. as/to be… 选某人当…… choose how to do sth. 选择如何做某事 make a choice做出选择 考点5height n. 高；高度(教材P12 Grammar) [知识精讲] height的形容词形式为high，意为“高的”。 in height在高度上 at the height of…在……的顶点 考点6unhappy adj.不快乐的，悲伤的(教材P127 Task) [知识精讲]在英语中，有时会在某些形容词前面加前缀un-，表示否定的含义，类似的词有：necessary—unnecessary；able—unable；welcome—unwelcome；real——unreal；like—unlike；Clear—unclear；clean—unclean等。 表示否定意义的前缀还有dis-；ir-；im-；in-等，如: honest-dishonest possible-impossible correct-incorrect regular-irregular 考点精练1 1.(盐城建湖二模)Don't tell lies! No one is willing to make friends with dishonest (honest) people. 2.(安顺中考)—Look! Who's girl in a red skirt over there? —Oh, she is my sister, Kate. She is honest girl. A. that; a B. this; the C. this; a D. that; an 考点精练2 3.(广西北部湾经济区四市中考)—Why is Mike so popular in your class?
2021年中考英语复习考点归纳（9B Unit2） 高频词汇 考点1 Invent vt.发明(教材P20 Comic strip) [知识精讲] invent作动词，它的名词形式有：inventor，意为“发明家”；invention，意为“发明”。如: The computer is a great invention in the modern world. 在现代世界，电脑是一项伟大的发明。 考点2 control n. 控制、支配(教材P22 Reading) [知识精讲] control既可以作名词，也可以作动词。如: out of control失去拉制 in control在掌控之中 under the control of…在……的拉制/管理下 考点3 increase vt.增加(教材P32 Task) [知识精讲] increase的基本意思是“增加，扩大”，可指由于自然繁殖导致数目的增加，也可指人为地增大体积。 注意：increase后接介词by时，表示增加的具体数量；后接介词in时，表示在某方面的增加；后接介词to时，表示“增加到……”；后接介词with时，表示“随……增长”。 We must increase the level of our skills. 我们必须提高我们的技术水平。 考点精练1 1.—Who the computer? —Sorry, I've no idea. But it has changed the world greatly. A. invented B. discovered C. made D. played 2.—Modern technology is developing so quickly! —I agree with you. With the of the robot, people will have more free time to relax A. situation B. instruction C. condition D. invention 考点精练2 3. Site lost of her car on the ice. A. control B. power C. strength D. energy 考点精练3 4. ( 2020·抚顺、本溪、辽阳)Developing good reading habits can our reading speed. A. review B. receive C. spread D. increase 5. The Earth is becoming more and more crowded and polluted because of the rapid in population. A. increase B. reduction C. weakness D. strength 易混词汇 考点take pride in与比proud of(教材P23 Reading) [知识精讲] 从语法上讲，take pride in相当于be proud of，两者都是“以……为荣”的意思，后面可以接人或物作宾语。但在用法上，侧重点稍有不同: 1. be proud of从语法上可以看出，描述的是处于proud的状态，暗含着因果关系。如: I am proud of my students.这句话既说明了“我”处于骄傲的状态，也点出了骄傲的原因。
牛津译林版(2020)高中英语选择性必修第一册Unit 4 语法复习讲义 Unit 4 Exploring poetry Teaching objectives 1.知识目标：学生能够掌握非谓语动词的基本含义 2.技能目标：学生能够掌握非谓语动词的基本用法 3.情感目标：学生能够更有信心学习英语 Key points, Difficult points 1.掌握非谓语动词的基本含义 2.掌握非谓语动词的基本用法 Teaching procedures: 非谓语动词综述 非谓语动词是动词的一种形式，它包括动词不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词。顾名思义，它不是句子的谓语动词，不能单独作谓语。但非谓语动词的语法作用较多，在句中可以作很多成分。因此它是英语学习的重点，也是英语考试的主要语法项目。所以，在学习时应厘清非谓语动词的各种形式在句中的作用，以及它们之间的区别。 非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化，但有一般体、进行体、完成体和语态的变化，还可以有自己的宾语或状语。可用来作句子的主语、宾语、宾补、表语、定语和状语等。 非谓语动词的语法功能见下表: 形式功能 主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式√√√√√√ 动名词√√√√ 现在分词√√√√ 过去分词√√√√ 的非谓语动词。通过表格可以看出:“现在分词”和“过去分词”同属于分词，它们有着相同的语法作用。而动名词具有名词特征，能够在句中作主语和宾语。这些作用现在分词是没有的，只有作定语和表语时跟动名词重合,但表达的含义也是不同的。动名词和现在分词作定语的区别，在第二单元的语法中已经涉及。 非谓语动词的基本用法，在以前的单元语法中都已讲解。本单元主要分析非谓语动词各种形式的区别。 一、不定式和动名词作主语的区别 不定式通常表示具体的一次性行为或将来的动作，强调动作本身，一般表示带有目的性的未完成事件。而动名词通常表示一般的抽象的泛指慨念，强调事件本身，表示人的习惯、爱好、职业、经验等。有时，二者之间的区别很小。 Smoking is forbidden here.此处禁止吸烟。(抽象泛指)
2021年中考英语复习考点归纳（9B Unit3） 高频词汇 考点1 mess n. 乱七八糟(教材P39 Reading) [知识精讲] mess是可数名词，常用单数形式。如: She always makes a mess. 她总是弄得一团糟。 be in a mess杂乱不堪 考点2pill n. 药片；药丸(教材P93 Grammar) [知识精讲] pill与medicine都有“药”的意思，但medicine是指广义上的药物，是药的总称;pill是指特定的药丸、药片，是包含在medicine概念中的，为可数名词。 in the form of pills 以药片的形式 考点3 satisfied adj. 满意的，满足的(教材P48 Task) [知识精讲] satisfied的动词形式为satisfy，意为“满足，使……满意”。be satisfied with意为“对……感到满意、满足”。如: Though this is an attractive image, it somehow doesn't satisfy us. 虽然这是一幅引人注目的画像，但不知为什么，它并不使我们满意。 考点4 regret vt. & vi.后悔；遗憾(教材P48 Task) [知识精讲] regret作动词，常用结构有: 1. regret to do sth.表示对要做的本感到遗憾(事情未做)。如: I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice. 我对不得不做这件事感到遗憾，但是我别无选择。 2. regret doing sth.表示后悔做过某事(事情已做)。如: 1 don't regret telling her what I thought 我不后悔告诉她我的想法。 考点精练1 1.(扬州模拟)—Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes, Tony? —Sure. Mum will be mad if she sees this , I think. A. matter B. mess C. trouble D. difficulty 考点精练2 2. I tried some sleeping (pill), but they have done nothing for me. 考点精练3 3. "A man's name will disappear in time, but if he can make contributions to the country's development, he will be (满足的)," Y u Min, a famous scientist, once said.
2021年中考英语复习考点归纳（8A Unit5） 高频词汇 考点1beginning n.开始，起初(教材P58 Reading) [知识精讲]in the beginning = at first,意为“起初，在开始的时候”，反义短语为in the end。at the beginning常常与of连用。 考点2sadly adv.令人遗憾地，不幸地；伤心地。(教材P58 Reading) [知识精讲] sadly的形容词形式为sad，sad的比较级和最高级分别为sadder和saddest。sadness 是名词，意为“伤心，悲伤”，其反义词为happiness，意为“快乐，高兴”。 考点3 as a result因此(教材P58 Reading) [知识精讲] as a result常用作状语，表示结果，意为“因此”，相当于so。as a result of表示“由于……”，相当于because of, 考点4 danger n. 危险(教材P58 Reading) [知识精讲]be in danger意为“处在危险中”，指句子主语的处境。danger的形容词形式为dangerous，指句子的主语对别人有危害。 out of danger脱离危险 be in danger of…处于……的危险之中 考点5 protect vt.保护(教材P58 Reading) [知识精讲] protect的名词形式为protection，形容词形式为protective。 Protect…from/against…. 防止……遭受……；使……免于…… 考点精练1 1. At the beginning(begin) of the concert, Tan Dun played a piece of music with water. 考点精练2 2.—Do you often talk with people from English-speaking countries? —, I hardly speak to those people. A. Sadly B. Gently C. Lonely D. Angrily 考点精练3 3. (2020·广元)Facial recognition(人脸识别)technology is widely used for payment._______ , we needn't enter the passwords any more. A. For example B. As a result C. What's more D. What's worse 考点精练4 4.(2020·龙东地区)Now many wild animals are in danger (dangerous). We should protect them. 5. Blue whales are .We should try to protect them. A. in time B. in public C. in danger D. out of danger 考点精练5 6.(泰州泰兴二模改编)Because of the dirty air, we'd better avoid outdoor activities for protection (protect). 7. Workers in this factory should wear full protective(protect)clothing. 易混词汇
2021年中考英语复习考点归纳（8B Unit2） 高频词汇 考点1 fantastic adj.极好的，美妙的(教材P22 Reading) [知识精讲] fantastic 的名词形式是fantasy (pl. fantasies)意为“幻想”。 live in a fantasy world生活在幻想世界中 a fantastic beach一片极好的海滩 a fantastic achievement一项了不起的成就 have a fantastic time = have a good/great/wonderful time玩得非常开心 考点2 speed n. 速度(教材P22 Reading) [知识精讲] speed作名词，意为“速度”，一般用high与low来修饰；speed还可作动词，意为“加速，急行”。 at the speed of …以……的速度 at top speed以最高速 speed up加速 speed down减速 考点3 such det. &pron.这样的(人或物) (教材P22 Reading) [知识精讲] so与such都表示“如此”。so修饰形容词与副词; such修饰名词或名词短语。such a/an+adj.+可数名词单数= so+ad j.+a/an+可数名词单数。 如：such a good book=so good a book。 注意：名词前有many, much, little, few时，只能用so修饰。 考点4 couple n.两人，两件事物；几个人，几件事物(教材P23 Reading) [知识精讲]a couple of一对;几个，几件 the couple这对夫妇 考点精练1 1.(扬州树人中学三模)—How did you find the trip to the West Lake? — . A. The guide took us there B. First by train and then by bus C. Very fantastic indeed
2021年中考英语复习考点归纳（8B Unit5） 高频词汇 考点1avoid vt.避免(教材P66 Reading) [知识精讲] 1. avoid是及物动词，后面可以接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，但是不能接动词不定式作宾语。如: He braked his car in time to avoid an accident. 他及时刹车，进免了一场事故。 正:He avoided answering my questions. 误:He avoided to answer my questions. 他时我的问题避而不答。 2. avoid意为“避开，躲避”时，相当于keep oneself from；意为“防止(某事的发生)”时，相当于prevent。 考点2 push vi. & vt. 推，挤(教材P66 Reading) [知识精讲] push也可作名词，意为“推，推动”。其反义词为pull，意为“拉”。 push in = cut in插队 push for反复要求；施压争取 考点3 all the time一直，总是(教材P68 Reading) [知识精讲] 与time相关的短语: for the first time第一次 at times不时；有时 in time及时 on time准时 in no time立即；马上 any time在任何时间；随时 have a good time玩得愉快 from time to time不时地 at the same time同时 考点4 explain vt. &vi. 解释(教材P72 Integrated skills) [知识精讲] explain作动词时，后可直接接sth.，接sb.时要加to explain的名词形式为explanation，是可数名词。 explain sth. to sb.向某人解释某事 explain + that/what/why从句 explain + 连接代(副)词+不定式 考点5 keep sb. from sth.保护，使免受(教材P72 Integrated skills)
2021年中考英语复习考点归纳（8A Unit8） 高频词汇 考点1 shake n. 摇动，震动(教材P94 Reading) [知识精讲] 1. shake作名词时是可数名词，通常用单数形式。如: Give the bottle a good shake before opening it. 打开瓶子前，先好好摇一摇。 2. shake还可以用作及物动词或不及物动词，过去式和过去分词分别是shook和shaken。如: shake hands with sb.与某人握手 shake one's head摇头 3. shaking作名词时，是不可数名词，不能和不定冠词连用。如: Stay in the open air until the shaking stops. 待在户外直到震动停止。 考点2direction n.方向(教材P94 Reading) [知识精讲] direction是名词，意为“方向”；direct作动词时，意为“指导”；作形容词时，意为“直接的”；director是名词，意为“导演”；directly是副词，意为“直接地”。 in all directions=in every direction 四面八方；向各个方向 She has a poor sense of direction. 她方向感差。 Not all the projects are the ones I direct by myself. 不是所有项目都由我自己指导。 Tom wants to be a director in the future. 汤姆将来想当一名导演。 考点3 come down崩塌，坍塌(教材94 Reading) [知识精讲] come down是不及物动词短语，其后不能跟名词。came down还可意为“落下”。come还可构成如下短语: come from来自 come in进来 come into one's mind想起 come over过来 come out出现;；出版 come true实现 come up to达到， come up with想出；提出 考点4silent adj.寂静的(教材P94 Reading) [知识精讲] silent多指不讲话，其名词形式为。silence; quiet意为“安静的”，指不弄出响声。如: The girl is not outgoing and keeps silent all the time. 这个女孩性格不外向，自始至终保持沉默。 考点精练1 1.(苏州园区一模改编)Kate took off her shoes and (shake) the sand out of her shoes.
2021年中考英语复习考点归纳（8A Unit2） 高频词汇 考点1 British adj. 英国的(教材P19 Welcome) [知识精讲] British作形容词，意为“英国的”，可作定语和表语；作名词，意为“英国人”。名词British意为“英国，不列颠”。如： My uncle is a British man.=My uncle is British. 我叔叔是英国人。 考点2 mixed adj. 男女混合的；混合的(教材P20 Reading) [知识精讲] mixture是名词，意为“混合物”；mix是动词，意为“(使)混合；融合”。如： a mixed school一所男女混合学校 mix up 混淆；搅匀 考点3 foreign adj.外国的(教材P20 Reading) [知识精讲] foreign常用在名词前作定语，如：a foreign language一门外语；foreign countries 外国。其名词形式为foreigner，意为“外国人”。 考点4 discuss vt.讨论，议论(教材P20 Reading) [知识精讲] discuss后面直接跟宾语而不需要用介词，其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词或从句，不可以跟动词不定式。discuss的名词形式为discussion。如： discuss sth. with sb. 与某人讨论某李 discuss with sb.=have a discussion with sb. 与某人讨论 考点5 number of ...……的数量(教材P25 Integrated skills) [知识精讲] number of用于句中时，前面要加the。 1. the number of后接可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。 2. a number of意为“若干；许多”，可用small, large, great修饰number，后接可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。 考点6 daily adj.每日的，日常的(教材P27 Study skills) [知识精讲] 有些名词可以在词尾加上-ly变为相应的形容词，如：week—weekly；month—monthly；friend—friendly。 考点7 look through浏览，快速查否(教材P27 Study skills) [知识精讲]look up to仰慕，尊重 look up查阅(字典、书等) look up to sth.抬头看某物 look out当心，小心 look for寻找 look down on sb. /sth.瞧不起某人/桨本 look over查看，检查 look around环顾四周 考点精练1 1. It has been 5 years since I last saw her in Britain (British). 2.Pride and Prejudice (《傲慢与偏见》is a traditional book.It has been translated into different languages. A. American B. British C. Chinese D. Japanese
2021年中考英语复习考点归纳（9B Unit1） 高频词汇 考点1 lie vi.位于(教材P9 Reading) [知识精讲] lie作动词，意为“位于；躺”，过去式是lay，过去分词是lain，现在分词是lying。如: lie on one side of the river位于河的一边 Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国东部。 He is still lying in bed. 他还躺在床上。 考点2 population n.人口(教材P18 Task) [知识精讲] 1. population常与定冠词the连用，作主语时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。如: The population of the city is increasing faster and faster. 这座城市的人口增长得越来越快。 2. population有时可用作可数名词，其前可用不定冠词。如: China has a population of about 1.4 billion. = There is a population of about 1.4 billion in China. 中国大约有十四亿人口。 3.询问某国、某地有多少人口时，不用“How much ... ?”，而用“What…?”。如: What's the population of China? = How many people are there in China? 中国的人口是多少? 4.表示人口的“多”或“少”，不用much或little，而要用large或small。如: India has a large population. 印度人口众多。 考点精练l 1.(无锡锡山东亭片模拟)Three years ago, the shopping centre (lie) in the centre of the town. 2.(无锡江阴澄要片模拟)The Leaning Tower of Pisa (lie) on Miracle square since about 800 years ago. 考点精练2 3. ( 2020·天水中考改编)—the population of Tianshui? —It's about 3.4 million. A. How many B. How much C. What is D. Which is 4. Shanghai has a population than that in many other cities. A. large B. larger C. much D. more 5. The population of the world still now. A. has; grown B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is; grown