44句长难句训练
01) (10-R-1) We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. (49 words)
(02) (10-R-1) “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define …journalism? as …a term of contem pt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are?.” (43 words)
(03) (10-R-3) For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected, must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. (48 words)
(04) (09-R-3) Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political, and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. (46 words)
(05) (09-R-4) Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope — all came together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father that the first line he saw would
settle his fate, and read the magical words: “Come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people.”(58 words)
(06) (0-TR) Religious associations began, for example, in the desire to secure the favor of overruling powers and to ward off evil influences; family life in the desire to gratify appetites and secure family perpetuity; systematic labor, for the most part, because of enslavement to others, etc.
(45 words)
(07) (09-TR) Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the world?s work is carried on receives little attention as compared with physical output. (41 words)
(08) (08-R-2) Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. (40 words)
(09) (07-R-1) If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006?s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the later months. (47 words)
(10) (07-R-3) From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. (41 words)
(11) (07-R-4) Just as bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles, and improved their feeble corporation governance, a new problem threatens to earn them — especially in America — the sort of nasty headlines that inevitably lead to heads rolling in the executive suite: data insecurity. (48 words) 总第38页
(12) (07-R-4) Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss?s agenda in businesses of every variety. (41 words)
(13) (07-R-4) Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable of economic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore— and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands. (47 words)
(14) (07-R-4) Meanwhile, the theft of information about some 40 million credit-card accounts in America, disclosed on June 17th, overshadowed a hugely important decision a day earlier by America?s Federal Trade Commission (FTC) that puts corporate America on notice that regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security. (49 words)
(15) (06-R-1) Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation?s assimilative power.” (40 words)
(16) (05-R-2) Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn?t know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? (53 words)
(17) (05-R-2) A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switche d to thinking of them as just “mental noise” — the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. (47 words)
(18) (03-R-2) Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research,
but all who receive medical treatment. (42 words)
(19) (03-R-3) If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line. (40 words)
(20) (03-TR) Therefore, it is important to study humans in all their richness and diversity in a calm and systematic manner, with the hope that the knowledge resulting from such studies can
lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves and with all other life forms on this planet Earth. (51 words)
(21) (02-R-2) But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. (42 words)
(22) (02-R-4) Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect,” a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects — a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen — is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect. (57 words)
(23) (02-R-4) Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shie ld doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient medication to control their pain if that might hasten death.” (40 words)
(24) (02-R-4) The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for
hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.
(45 words)
(25) (02-TR) As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood, however, effects once assigned to states of mind, feelings, and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions, and a technology of behavior may therefore become available. (40 words)
(26) (01-R-1) Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture.
(40 words)
(27) (01-R-4) I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M & A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication cost, lower
trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers? demands. (44 words)
(28) (01-R-5) I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life” , and making the alternative move into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status. (49 words)
(29) (01-R-5) While in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic decline — after the mass redundancies caused by downsizing in the late ?80s — and is still linked to the politics of thrift, in Britain, at least among the middle-class downshifts of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives. (52 words)
(30) (01-R-5) For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through
the ?80s, downshifting in the mid-?90s is not so much a search for the mythical good life —growing
your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one — as a personal recognition of your limitations. (47 words)
(31) (00-R-3) When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principle may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. (46 words)
(32) (00-R-3) But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river — and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.”(64 words)
(33) (99-R-4) Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment — although no one had proposed to do so — and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton
President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning. (67 words)
(34) (99-R-4) Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the “odd balls” among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who “work well with the team.” (50 words)
(35) (97-R-4) “The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. (46 words)
(36) (96-R-3) Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. (47 words)
(37) (96-R-3) Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large “comfortable” classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders? meeting to dictate their orders to the management. (47 words)
(38) (95-R-3) As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. (42 words)
(39) (94-R-1) Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it. (44 words)
(40) (93-R-2) The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human-relations” experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. (48 words)
(41) (93-R-2) I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities — those of love and of reason — are the aims of all social arrangements. (47 words)
(42) (93-TR) There is no more difference, but there is just the same kind of difference, between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordinary person, as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or of a butcher weighing out his goods in common scales, and the operations of a chemist in performing a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graded weights. (73 words)
(43) (92-TR) No one is in the least interested in the marks a little child gets on his test; what we are interested in is whether we can conclude from his mark on the test that the child will do better or worse than other children of his age at tasks which we think require …general intelligence?. (55 words)
(44) (92-TR) On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the others with whom he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed. (56 words)
2019年全国卷二 ------阅读 C 高频词,长难句及原题 【高频词及高考真句】 （一） escape tap shoulder A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tap ping her on the shoulder. （二） reflection return recharge It's a chance for self-reflection, You return to work recharge dand with a plan. (三) alone advance company statistics “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advance s in technology,” said Laurie Demerit, whose company provided the statistics for the report. 【中英连线】 1.escape A.n.反射；回声；回响；映象，倒影 2.tap B.n.公司，交际，友伴 3.shoulder C.v. 再充电于；再控告；再袭击 4.reflection D.vt. & vi. 前进；促进；提前 n. 前进；进步 5.return E.n. 肩；肩膀 6.recharge F.n. （复）统计数字 7.alone G.n. 轻拍，龙头，阀门；搭线窃听 v. 轻拍；轻轻敲出；装上塞子； 接通；在……装窃听器 8.advance H.v.回返，回来，归还；报告，回报 adj. 返回的，报答的，回程的https://www.doczj.com/doc/038774346.html,pany I.n. 逃亡，出口，避难设备 v. 逃脱；溜走；避开；被忘掉； 避免 10.statistics J.adj. 单独的，独自的；单单；仅， 只有 adv.独自地
周澜翻译 1.而且，人与人之间的差异以及自然选择利用这种差异的机会都减少了。 2.澳北州绝症病人权利法案使得医生和普通市民都试图思考它的道德和实际含义。 3.但是，突然遗忘的明显的例子可以被看做是极具适应性。 4.报告指出了临终护理中并存的两大问题：对病痛处理不力和大胆采用“无效而强制性的医疗手术”，这些手术可能会延长死亡期，甚至会让病人死的不体面。 5.过去30年间在公共教育中表现出的对特殊儿童的巨大关注表明了存在于我们社会中的那种强烈情绪，即所有公民，不论情况怎么特殊，都应该得到全面发展其能力的机会。 6.不过，友好待人仍是很多美国人自身高度重视并期望从邻居和陌生人身上看到的美德。 7.缩小你的条件要求就有可能对你有害：“你每回答一次问题你就丧失一次机会。” 8.但让人着迷有时也就使人盲目。 9.要区分礼貌习俗和个人兴趣，单凭一次公车上的短暂邂逅是远远不够的。 10.当一场新的艺术运动成为某种时尚时，弄清其倡导者的目的所在是明智的做法，因为无论他们的观念在今天看来是多么牵强和无理，将来都有可能被视为正常。 11.板块漂移理论现在是毋庸置疑的。
12.我们国家和整个世界应该把重要的政策建立在最好的判断基础上，而这些应该是科学关于目前的行为所产生的将来的后果所能提供的最好的判断。这一点很重要。 13.信任，经济资产中最有价值的部分，很容易遭到破坏并且恢复起来代价高昂；而一个让敏感的个人信息（数据）落入不法之手的公司是最可能破坏信任的。这两点对于最愚蠢的行政管理人员也应该是显而易见的。 14.可能正是因为人类长期遭受旱涝灾害的摆布才使得人们如此痴迷于治理江河，供我驱策的理想。 15.凌晨3：45进行了最终表决。 16.那时，这些姓氏首字母不靠前的孩子可能认为自己有幸逃脱了提问。 17.正如财政部长罗伯特·鲁宾所说的，大量有关生产力飞跃增长的商业传闻与统计数据所反映的情况之间存在着“脱节”。 18.通过增加选举团中南方州的选票，五分之三方案让杰斐逊在1800年总统大选中险胜。 19.安纳斯说，行医执照颁发委员会“必须明确表明----病人痛苦的死亡，可以推定是由于医生治疗不当造成的，应当吊销其行医执照。” 20.然而，该小组尚未在一个关键问题上达成一致，即是否建议将私人资金用于克隆人的行为定性为犯罪进行立法。 21.甚至我们的学校也只是我们送孩子去接受实用教育，而不是为了知识而去求知的地方。 22.在美国经济中，这一机制是由价格体制提供的，在价格体系中，价格随消费者的相对需求和出售者及生产者的供应情况而上下浮动。
英语长难句的翻译 1.英语句子的扩展 英语长难句翻译是翻译中极为重要的课题，有志于翻译的工作者必须潜心学习与研究长难句翻译的各种手段，做到心中有数，才能在实际的翻译中运用自如。 所谓难句就是难译的句子，难句不是语法上的概念，而是翻译上的概念。难句一般都是含有几个错综复杂关系的复杂句；少数是难用汉语表达的简单句，但本节只讨论较长的难句的翻译。我们知道英语句子不管多长，变化多么错综复杂，它都是基本句型的扩展和变化。其扩展与变化的方式可以简要归纳如下： （1）增加句子的修饰语：定语或状语。 （2）增加并列成分（并列主语、并列谓语、并列宾语、并列定语或并列状语）或并列句。 （3）增加附加成分：插入语、同位语划独立成分。 （4）出现倒装和省略现象。 （5）增加由短语或多级短语充当的成分。 （6）增加由从句和多级从句充当的句子成分。 2.英语长难句分析的步骤 （1）结合具体语言环境了解全句大意。 （2）剖析全句，分清主要成分和次要成分，主句和从句。 （3）紧缩主干，确定句子的主、谓语，找出句子的基本构架，以其所属句型。 （4）疏通脉络，清理枝蔓，分清主关系，注意上下层次，前后引衬及其逻辑关系。 翻译的整个过程分为两步—理解与表达。还要注意下面几点： （1）按汉语造句的规律，进行选词和语序的调整。 （2）反复研究译文，进行词句锤炼的润饰工夫，最后定稿。 3.英汉句子结构的主要差异 英语在一个句子里往往先说个人感受，再说产生个人感受的原因，汉语则相反，往往按照事情发生的顺序来叙述，最后才说个人的感受。也就是说英汉句子的论理逻辑与叙述逻辑不同。英语往往先讲结果后讲原因，汉语则先说原因，后说结果。 还要认识英汉的主要特点： 英语特点：重形合。爱用关系词；惯用介词表动作；没有固定时序，即英语造句时常打破时间顺序；名词用得多; 代词用得多；主语出现多，等等。 汉语特点：重意合。爱用动词；不爱用关系词；爱用由远及近的时序；实词用得多；主语能免就免，等等。 英语长句虽然结构复杂，但描写细致，逻辑严谨。汉语句子则结构弹性大，简短轻快，先后有序，眉目清楚，节奏感强。 因此，英译汉时，首先要透彻理解原文，抓住句子的中心思想，上下文关系，弄清主次，然后按汉语动词动作的时间顺序或逻辑顺序，重新加以组合。这样，就不会拘泥于原文的语言形式，使译文生硬难读。 1）顺序译法；2）逆序法；3）分句译法；4）综合译法。在实际翻译中，往往需要同时并用几种方法。因为一个句子中往往有多种语言现象交错出现。翻译长句是一种难度较高的综合技能。至于翻译手段的取舍，应取决于要求序文的效果。 （1）顺序译法 有些英语长句所叙述的一连串动作基本上是按动作发生的时间先后安排，也有些英语长句的内容是按逻辑关系安排，这与汉语表达方法比较一致。因此翻译时，一般可按照原文顺序译
Plastics is made from water which is a natural resource inexhaustible and available everywhere, coal which can be mined through automatic and mechanical processes at less cost and lime which can be obtained from the calcinations of limestone widely present in nature. 【分析】原文是一个典型的英语复杂长句，由42个单词组成，全靠一个逗号和几个连词结合成一个多层次的、内容丰富的句子。主句的主干是：Plastics is made from water, coal and lime; water, coal和lime之后各有一个定语从句，其中的后两个定语从句还是被动语态。所以，按照汉语的表达习惯，翻译时要化整为零，可以把主句和各个定语从句分开译成短句，其中的一些状语比如at less cost也可以单独处理成短句。 【译文】塑料是由水、煤和石灰制成的。水是到处可以获得的、取之不尽的一种自然资源;煤可以通过自动化和机械化来开采，成本较低;石灰可由煅烧自然界广泛存在的石灰石而得到。 Human beings have distinguished themselves from other animals, and in doing so ensured their survival, by the ability to observe and understand their environment and then either to adapt to that environment or to control and adapt it to their own needs. 【要点】此句为一个多层次的并列结构，”by” 以前的部分为句子的主体部分，由“and”连接的两个并列的分句组成。第二个分句的主语和一部分谓语省略了以避免重复。In doing so可以理解为in the process of distinguished themselves from other animals。第二个分局的完整句子应为and in doing so (they have) ensured their survival。By 所引导的短语里ability带了多个动词不定式做修饰，这些不定式又存在着一个并列的结构，to observe and (to) understand与either……or引导的to adapt to……，to control and (to) adapt it……得并列，and连接。 【译文】人类已把自己和其他动物区别开了。人类具有观察和了解周围环境的能力，能适应环境，控制环境和根据自己的需要改造环境。人类就是这样生存了下来。 The medical waste that has fouled beaches in the New York region at the peak of the summer season has taken its toll on business all along the shore, driving vacationers away both from beaches that have been closed and from those that have remained open. 【要点】本句主要结构是the medical waste...has taken its toll...。that...season引导定语从句，修饰medical waste。at the peak of the summer season作状语，表时间。driving...是现在分词作状语，表结果。that have been closed和that have remained open是定语从句，分别修饰beaches和those。those代替beaches。
(01) (10-R-1) We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. (49 words) (02) (10-R-1) “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift e nough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define …journalism? as …a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are?.” (43 words) (03) (10-R-3) For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected, must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. (48 words) (04) (09-R-3) Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political, and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. (46 words)
英译汉——长难句子结构分析经典50句子 1. The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market- oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. [参考译文] 美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。 2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it. [参考译文] 因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。 3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. [参考译文] 另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。 4. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual. [参考译文] 在美国经济中，私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其他一些特定的权利，如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体(经济单位) 自由签定合同的权利。 5. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employers are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. [参考译文] 同时这些计算机记录下哪些时间是最忙的，哪些员工工作效率最高，这样就能相应地做出人员人事安排。而且它们(计算机)也能为促销活动找到那些拥有优先权的顾客。 6. Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.
英语长难句翻译技巧及方法 英汉两种语言句子的不同特点是：英语书面语长句较多；汉语一般短句较多。英语句子结构较紧，多用主人结构，英语可有各种后置修饰语（介词短语、不定式短语、动名词短语、分词短语以及从句），这些成分都是造成英语长句的原因；汉语句子结构较松，多用并列结构。有翻译经验的人们对这些特点作过形象的比喻，把英语句子结构比作“葡萄”，把汉语句子结构比作“竹节”。翻译长句时，可将英语的葡萄结构拆成汉语的竹节结构，即把成串的拆成成条的。 英汉两种语言的语序差异是：英语时间顺序灵活（表示时间的从句可以在主句之前或之后）；汉语一般是从先到后。英语逻辑顺序也比较灵活（表示原因、条件的从句可以在主句之前或之后）；汉语一般是前因后果，先进条年，后谈结果。英语中的句词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）与汉语句子主谓宾的语序基本一致，因此，一般都可按汉语的表达方式处理。 顺序法 如果英语长句的时间顺序、逻辑顺序以及名词性从句与汉语句子的语序基本相似，一般可按原文顺序译：如： 本句时间状语从句在前，用顺序法译。 （1）As it was a fine day and I was in no hurry, I was taking my time, looking in shop windows, strolling in the park, and sometimes just stopping and looking around me. 由于天气晴朗，当时又无急事，我便慢悠悠看看橱窗，逛逛公园。有时干脆停下脚步，四处张望。 逆序法 如果英语长句的时间顺序、逻辑顺序与汉语句子的语序相反，一般可逆原文顺序译。如： （2）“Neither believe nor reject anything,” he wrote to his nephew, “because any other person has rejected or believed it ……”他在给侄子的信中写道：“不要因为别的人相信或拒绝了什么东西，你也就去相信它或拒绝它。……” 分译法 由于的英语可有各种后置修饰语，所以有些英语句子很长。为了符合汉语表达习惯，我们常可将长句中的一连患后置修饰语与其修饰成分分开来译，即把短语或从句拆译为短句，有时还需将后置修饰语另作适当安排并适当增加词语。如： （1）A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to pro duce milk for her fawns. 一只成熟健壮的母鹿，在十一月份怀胎，五月底或六月初生下两只幼鹿，这时，他必须寻找食物以获得必要的能量，这不仅是为了满足自身的需要，而且也是为了给幼鹿生产乳汁。
【精心整理】从句长难句翻译【例句&讲解】 英语从句的翻译定语从句状语从句 名词从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句） >>定语从句的翻译 无论是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句，翻译成汉语时是处理为前置定语还是后置定语，要视具体情况而定；有些定语从句和主句存在着状语关系，翻译时更要灵活对待。 It was what sentimentalists,who deal in very big words,call a yearning after the ideal,and simply means that women are not satisfied until they have husbands and children on whom they may center affections,which are spent elsewhere,as it were,in small changes. It was what sentimentalists call a yearning after the ideal,and means that women they are not satisfied until they have
husbands and children. 【大意】这就是情感主义者称之为对于理想爱情的渴望，简单说来，就是女人必须在有了丈夫和孩子之后才能感到满足。 who引导的定语从句who deal in very big words用来修饰sentimentalists(情感主义者)whom引导的定语从句on whom they may center affections用来修饰husbands and children which引导的定语从句which are spent elsewhere,as it were,in small changes用来修饰affections 一般情感主义者喜欢用大字眼,称之为对于理想爱情的渴望。换言之，他们认为女人的情感平时只能零星发泄，必须有了丈夫和孩子，情感收聚起来有了归宿，自己才能得到满足。 >>前置法： 如果定语从句较短，限制能力较强，一般我们将此类定语从句译成带“的”的定语词组，放在被修饰的先行词的前面。 Those who sacrifice themselves for the people's cause are the real heroes of history. We found a restaurant where the food was excellent.
一定语从句 练习： 行为主义者认为, 如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素, 这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展, 那么, 儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。 实际上，很难想象，如果记者不能清晰了解加拿大宪法基本特征，如何能够胜任政治新闻的报道工作。 有一段时间，好像下一个在海外品牌面前全军覆没的似乎该轮到美国的半导体制造业了，而在新计算机时代有着核心作用的半导体正是美国人发明的。 从根本上说，美国经济体制是围绕私有企业、在以市场为导向的经济基础上建立起来的。在这种体制下需要生产什么在很大程度上是消费者通过到市场花钱购买他们最需要的商品和服务来决定的。 如果只是抱怨交通阻塞,汽油的价格和现代生活的快节奏那也没什么,可是人们在路上的举止正在变得可怕. 关于她与男友私奔的谣言站不住脚，因为我刚刚在家看到了她。 因此，在美国经济体制中，消费者个人的需求，加上商人获取最大利润的追求及消费者想最大限度提高购买力的愿望三者共同决定应该生产什么和如何利用资源来生产这些产品。 另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。 在欧洲其他地方一样,多媒体集团公司越来越成功:多媒体集团把互相联系的电视、广播、报纸、杂志和出版社整合起来。 二比较句 练习 没有人会期望在广告中找到全部的真相，就像他不会期望一个应聘工作的人会描述自己的缺点和更严重的错误似的。 把普咯马望远镜安置在山上，与其说是为了更接近天空，还不如说是因为那里的空气比较纯净清新，又可以避开城市的噪音和震动。 电视是引发和传递这些感受的手段之一——在欧洲近来发生的事件中，它把不同的民族和国家连到一起，其作用之大，前所未有。
专八翻译长难句结构分析最经典50句 50 1. The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market- oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. [参考译文] 美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造 出来。 2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it. [参考译文] 因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何
学姐亲授英语长难句翻译答题注意事项 摘要：考研英语阅读、翻译等题型中多包含长难句，这常常成为影响同学们做题正确性的关键点，如何攻克长难句，各大名师都有自己的分析，今天我们带来毙考题学姐自己的备考经验，更易上手的好方法。 1.英语一和英语二的复习方法是否有区别？ 首先和大家说明一下英语一和英语二在翻译上的区别：从难度水平上来看，英语一的难度要高于英语二；从出题形式上来看，英语一在文本中挑选5个长难句要求考生进行翻译，而英语二则是挑选一段话进行翻译，这是在出题形式上的差别。 然而，从复习方法上来看，英语一与英语二是基本一致的。虽然形式不同，但是英语中翻译句子的方法是万变不离其中的，因此一般考研英语翻译的相关材料也是同时适用于英语一和英语二的，只要掌握了提炼句子结构与成分的方法，无论是任何长难句都可以迎刃而解，因此在翻译这一题型中不需要特别去区分英语一和英语二。当然，在临近考试的阶段可以更多地去熟悉自己所要考的题型。 2.如何选择长难句翻译的复习材料？ 长难句翻译的材料大致可分为两种：一种是针对包括阅读理解与翻译在内的所有长难句译法的详解，植根于句子本身的类型和结构从语法角度进行全面讲解；另一种则是专门针对考研翻译真题，简要介绍翻译方法后，对历年翻译部分的真题进行详细的结构划分和翻译，相比之下更具针对性。因此建议大家根据自己的实际情况和复习偏好，自己去选择适合自己的复习材料。
3.如何辨别简单句与复合句？ 所谓简单句，就是句子中只有一套主谓结构的句子，复合句则是指句子中有多于一套的主谓结构，因此，通过句子中能提炼出的主谓个数即可判断出来。另一种相对直观的方法是根据从句的引导词判断，例如：what,that,which等等，通常每一种从句都会有比较明显的引导词出现，对这些词进行积累就能很容易判断出来。当然，一般来说，考研英语翻译题中出现的绝大多数都是复合句，即使是简单句，翻译的难度也不亚于复合句。 4.如何提炼主句与从句？ 提炼主句与从句是一项需要长期培养的能力，很多地方需要在练习和积累中慢慢体会。不过简单来说，提炼主句就是提炼出句子最主干的那套主谓宾，所以要对句子中的主语、谓语和宾语部分保持敏感。另外，就像前面所说的，从句一般都会有比较明确的引导词，根据引导词划分从句一般是比较便捷的方法。 5.是否应当把阅读理解当成翻译来做？ 很多同学觉得考研英语翻译的真题偏少，为了增强自己的翻译能力，常常会犹豫是否应该把阅读理解当成翻译题来做。那么首先我们需要明确的是，阅读理解的选择题和翻译题对考
高考英语-经典长难句解析及翻译 7. 2018年全国Ⅰ卷，阅读理解D篇 The team' s data only went up to2007，but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. 生词： function n. 功能 tablet n. 平板电脑 第一步：有并列结构（but） 第二部：分析主干和定状 The team' s data（主语）only（小状）went（谓语）up to 2007（小状）， the researchers（主语）also explored（谓语）what would happen（宾语）if consumers replaced old products with new electronics（状语，从句）that serve more than one function （定语）, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing（同位语）. 第三步： 根据状语倒序前置，定语倒序前置的翻译方法，我们可也把这句话翻译为： “这个团队的数据截止到2007年”
“如果消费者用不止一个功能的新电器，比如可以处理文字并且看电视的平板，来取代老的产品，研究者们也弄清楚了将会发生什么事情。” 第四步：合并并列结构并翻译： “这个团队的数据截止到2007年。但是，如果消费者用不止一个功能的新电器，比如可以处理文字并且看电视的平板，来取代老的产品，研究者们也弄清楚了将会发生什么事情。” Get busy living or get busy dying 6. 2018年全国Ⅰ卷，阅读理解D篇 According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window. 生词： analysis n. 分析 cathode ray tubes 阴极射线管 consumption n. 消耗 第一步：没有并列结构 第二部：分析主干和定状 According to the analysis（状1，分词短语）of Babbitt's team（状2，介词短语）, old desktop monitors and box TVs（主语）with cathode ray tubes（定语）are（系）the worst devices
There is one characteristic that promises more positive results than both knowledge and natural talent, and is more reliable than luck. That characteristic is persistence. If you just keep on going, maintaining your hope and belief that something good will happen, it generally does. 有一种品质比知识和天赋更能带给我们更多的成功，并且它比运气更可靠。 这个品质就是坚持。 如果你坚持走下去，并保持希望和信念，坚信好事一定会发生，那么好事一般都会发生。 characteristic [ ??????????????] n.特性；特征；特色 character [ ???????]n. (事物的)特性，特征；(人的)品质，性格，特征promise [ ??????] vt. 1.许诺；承诺 2.使可能；预示 positive [ ???????] adj. 1.确实的；明确的 result [?????●?] n. 结果，成效vi.起因，导致 talent [ ??●???] n.天才，才干 reliable [???●????●] adj.可靠的，可信赖的 persistence [??????????? ??????] n.坚持执着 maintain [????????] vt.保持；维持 There is one characteristic that… 有一种…的品质 1. character性格，品质“-istic”名词后缀 2. that引导定语从句，that 后面都是描述characteristic意为“…的品质” promises more positive results than both knowledge and natural talent, 预示着比知识和天赋更积极的效果 1. promise vt. 1.许诺；承诺 2.使可能；预示 positive adj. 1.实际的, 积极的, 确实的positive results积极的结果（成效） talent 天才，天赋，天资 2.more…than 比…更…（技巧：比后者更前者）both…和…（两者“都”…） 比both knowledge and natural talent,更positive results 翻译：比知识和天赋更积极的效果。 that promises more …, and is more reliable than luck. 它预示着比…更…并且比运气更可靠(前后句并列) reliable 可靠的 One of my father’s favorite sayings as I was growing up was “Try it!” I couldn’t say I didn’t like something, whatever it might be, until I tried it. Over the years I’ve come to realize how much of my success I owe to my acceptance of those words as one of my values. My first job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I determined what I want to do as a career（职业）. Actually I believed I would work for a few years, get married, stay home and raise a family, so I didn’t think the job I took mattered that much. I couldn’t have been more mistaken. something 在此的意思不是“某种东西”，而是指“那种东西”或“这种东西”，即心中最想要的那种东西(相当于the thing)。not···until结构，意义为“直到我尝试了之后，我才会说我不喜欢这种事情”。 come to realize，get to realize “逐渐意识到”。
毙考题APP 2018考研英语：经典语法长难句解析（44） Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political, and intellectual development of these and all other societies, however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. 【核心词汇】 conventional a.常规的，习俗的 priority n.优先，优先权 promote v.促进，推动 undoubtedly ad.确实地，毋庸置疑地 【结构分析】 本句是转折句，前一句的结果相对简单，Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary是典型的主系表结构，for表示对来说，介词结构for the social, political, and intellectual development of these and all other societies作状语，however之后的分句的主干是the conventional view is wrong，view后面的education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries是同位语从句，用来进一步说明其前面的名词view，表明view的具体内容。 【参考译文】 对于这些国家和所有其他的社会、政治以及知识发展，这两方面的进步毫无疑问是必要的;但是，教育应该是促进贫穷国家经济迅速发展的最优先考虑的事情之一，这样的传统观点是错误的。 考试使用毙考题，不用再报培训班 邀请码：8806
2020考研英语:长难句翻译题型解析 考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面为你精心准备了“2020考研英语:长难句翻译题型解析”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取的考试资讯! 2020考研英语:长难句翻译题型解析 【2003年翻译63题】The emphasis on data gathered first-hand,combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science. 【例句解析】本句主干为The emphasis makes this study a science。On data gathered first-hand 为后置定语，修饰the emphasis。combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present做后置定语，也修饰the emphasis。在第二个后置定语中，brought to the analysis与perspective构成被动关系，因此修饰perspective，of cultural做定语修饰the analysis，past and present做定语修饰cultures。Makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science中 a unique and distinctly important social science做this study的补语，而unique and distinctly important social则为前置定语修饰science。 【难点点拨】： cross-cultural ：跨文化的;distinctly：确实地