2019中考英语完形填空编练（五）
【能力选练】 A
（2019中考选练）
My name is Philippe and my wife’s name is Sophie. We’re from______. Recently we were faced with a ______situation while traveling by car in the mountains with our hired driver. Just as we began to doze(打盹), the car made a strange, loud noise and then______working.
We tried communicating with the driver but with little______because he couldn’t speak French. He tried to tell us with body language that he was going to get help and then he left.
We were in a poor area, with ______houses in sight. We started to bear the cries of wild animals Sophie was very afraid. We didn’t have much food and it was getting ______and darker I began to lose______. Should we leave the car? Would our driver ever______? Was he a trustworthy man? We were very worried.
A couple of hours passed. _____, the headlights from another car appeared in the dart. A man got out of the car. Finding us cold and hungry, he kindly asked us to______his car.
______we left, he put a note on the windshield of the car with his phone number on it. Then he drove us to a nearby village, and we met his family. His cousin spoke French and he _____us tea and local foods. ______asked us questions and they were excited to have unexpected guests.
Later that evening, the phone rang. It was our______. He had kept his word and fixed the car.
I will______forget the warmth we received on that day because we depended on a complete stranger for help.
1．A． America B． Germany C． France D． Brazil
2．A． difficult B． suitable C． pleasant D． hopeful
3．A． started B． stopped C． continued D． finished
4．A． suspect B． advice C． magic D． success
5．A． no B． some C． several D． many
6．A． colder B． warmer C． heavier D． lighter
7．A． memory B． way C． confidence D． interest
8．A． leave B． return C． drive D． wait
9．A． Suddenly B． Sadly C． Exactly D． Safely
10．A． get to B． get on C． get off D． get into
11．A． Whenever B． After C． Before D． Until
12．A． donated B． offered C． sold D． lent
13．A． Someone B． No one C． Every one D． Any one
14．A． farmer B． waiter C． doctor D． driver
15．A． almost B． sometimes C． usually D． never
【解析】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述我和我的妻子去旅行，车坏在大山里，被困在一个荒无人烟的地方，得到了一个完全陌生的人的帮助。
1．句意“我们来自于法国”。根据第二段第一句We tried communicating with the driver but with
little___4___because he couldn’t speak French可知，故选C。
2．句意“最近，当我们雇佣一个司机在山里旅行时，我们遭遇了一个困境”。A.困难的；B.合适的；C.快乐的；
D.有希望的。根据下文 Just as we began to doze(打盹), the car made a strange, loud noise and
then___3___working可知，故选A。
3．句意“在我们开始打盹时，车子发出奇怪的、吵闹的声音，然后停止工作了”。A.开始；B.停止；C.继续；D.完成。根据句意，故选B。
4．句意“我们尝试和司机交流，但是没成功，因为他不会说法语”。A.怀疑；B.建议；C.魔术；D.成功。根据句意，故选D。
5．句意“我们在一个荒无人烟的地方，视野范围内没有房子”。A.没有；B.一些；C.若干；D.许多。根据句意，故选A。
6．句意“我们没有许多的食物，且天气越来越冷，越来越黑，我开始失去自信”。A.更冷的；B.更暖的；C.更重的；D.更轻的。根据句意，故选A。
7．句意“我们没有许多的食物，且天气越来越冷，越来越黑，我开始失去自信”。A.记忆；B.方法；C.自信；D.兴趣。根据Should we leave the car可知，故选C。
8．句意“我们的司机回来吗？”。A.离开；B.返回；C.驾车；D.等待。根据上文可知，司机去寻找帮助，不知道是否会回来。根据句意，故选B。
9．句意“两个小时后，突然，一个车的车灯出现在黑夜中”。A.突然地；B.悲伤地；C.确切地；D.安全地。根据句意，故选A。
10．句意“他发现我们又冷又饿，很友善地让我们上他的车”。A.到达；B.上车（指空间较大的交通工具，如公交车等）；C.下车；D.进入。根据his car可知，是小车，故选D。
11．句意“在我们离开之前，他把一张写着他的电话号码的纸条放在挡风玻璃上”。A.无论何时；B.在……之后；
C.在……之前；
D.直到。根据句意，故选C。
12．句意“他的堂弟会说法语，他给我们提供当茶和当地的食物”。A.捐赠；B.提供；C.卖；D.借。根据句意，故选B。
13．句意“每个人都来问我们问题并对没预想到的客人感到很振奋”。A.一些人；B.没有人；C.每个人；D.任何人。根据句意，故选C。
14．句意“是我们的司机，他兑现了他的话，修好了车”。A.农民；B.服务员；C.医生；D.司机。根据上下文可知，故选D。
15．句意“我们永远不会忘记那天我们得到的温暖，因为我们完全依赖一个陌生人的帮助”。A.几乎；B.有时；
C.通常；
D.从不。根据句意，故选D。
点睛：做完型填空时，首先要通读课文，明白主旨大意，然后再做题。做完型时要记住“瞻前顾后想结果”这一原则，根据上下文以及语境做题，切忌主观臆断。另外，平时还要多多积累词汇。完型填空常考名词、动词、形容词和副词等辨析。做词义辨析题时，首先要确认四个选项的含义，然后分析语境和逻辑关系，确定答案。
【能力选练】 B
2016中考英语完形填空分类练习及答案—健康保健类
The word “sandwich” is an English word. Sandwich was an English. He lived in England about two years ago. Sandwich had a lot of . He very rich(富有的). But he
liked cards for money. He often played day and night. day he played for twenty-four hours without . He did not the card table to eat. He asked his man him some meat and . So he some meat between two pieces of bread. He did not want to
stop cards. From the14of this man, Sandwich, we have the word “sandwich”.
【小题1】A、place B、book C、man
【小题2】A、hundred B、hundreds C、hundred of
【小题3】A、bread B、money C、cards
【小题4】A、is B、was C、had
【小题5】A、playing B、play C、played
【小题6】A、every B、one C、all
【小题7】A、Next B、One C、Some
【小题8】A、stop B、to stop C、stopping
【小题9】A、leave B、put C、show
【小题10】A、to bring B、to take C、bringing
【小题11】A、milk B、fruit C、bread
【小题12】A、puts B、put C、putting
【小题13】A、to play B、play C、playing
【小题14】A、name B、bread C、cards
【小题15】A、today B、at school C、this year
【能力选练】 C
【****山东】
阅读短文内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many kids think they are 36. They think they aren't the prettiest or the smartest. At the same time, they think they aren't even the ugliest or the silliest, which would at least make them stand out. Everyone feels that way sometimes, 37in middle school. Kids 38realize how special they are.
It is39growing up. Growing up means understanding what you can offer the world. When you're young, you realize that just by being yourself, you do offer40to other people. Maybe you aren't the best, but that doesn't make you "not amazing".
Do yourself a favor. Think about your friends carefully. Write down a list of things that you like about them. Think about41you make friends with them. You will 42 know that in the end, no matter if they aren't the smartest or the prettiest or43talented, they are great in their own way. And they feel just the same44 you!
Remember, it gets easier as you grow older. If you try your best, you are still pretty45.
36. A. special B. ordinary C. unusual D. ugly
37. A. especial B. especially C. more often D. often
38. A. often B. more often C. not often D. seldom
39. A. part of B. one of C. some D. about
40. A. anything B. everything C. something D. some thing
41. A. reason B. season C. where D. why
42. A. get to B. got to C. have to D. getting to
43. A. / B. more C. most D. the most
44. A as B. to C. about D. for
45. A. smart B. amazing C. clever D. well
【文章大意】本文主要讲述的是孩子们很小的时候，他们认为自己很普通，当他们慢慢长大，他们会思考能为社会贡献什么。有时候仔细想想自己的朋友，并不是因为他们多么优秀才会交朋友，当自己成熟时应尽自己所能做一些有用的事。
36.B【解析】根据下文，他们既不是最漂亮的也不是最潇洒的，既不是最丑的，也不是最傻的。可见他们认为自己很普通，故本题选B。
37.B【解析】根据上下文，本题题意：尤其是中学。especially表示尤其地，特别地。故本题选B。
38.D【解析】本题考查副词的含义。often表示经常，more often表示更经常，not often表示不经常，seldom 表示从不。联系上下文，孩子们从不觉得自己很特别。故本题选D。
39.A【解析】根据上下文，题意为：第一段孩子们的想法只是成长中的一部分，当孩子们成熟时会明白要为社会贡献自己。It is part of growing up表示那只是成长中的部分，故本题选A。
40.C【解析】本题考查不定代词的含义。anything任何事，everything每件事，something某事、某物，some thing 一些东西，一些事情。根据题意，你会为他人提供某些东西。故本题选C。
41.D【解析】根据下文阐述了孩子们跟别人交朋友的原因“they are great in their own way”，可知这里问的是原因，用why，故本题选D。
42.A【解析】本题中出现了“will”可见后跟动词原形，再结合语境，最后你将渐渐明白。get to know表示渐渐明白，故本题选A。
43.D【解析】本题考查形容词比较级的用法，文中the smartest or the prettiest为最高级可知此处用最高级，故本题选D。
44.C【解析】本题考查介词的辨析。as表示像…，to对，about关于，for为，本题题意为：关于你，他们（朋友们）也这样认为。故本题选C。
45.B【解析】本题考查形容词的含义。smart漂亮的，潇洒的，amazing令人惊叹的，well是副词。本题题意：如果你尽力做好的话，那还是非常令人惊叹的。故本题选B。
【能力选练】 D
Once a gentleman was traveling on a train. He felt 56 and got down at a station to look for some water. But when he reached the water tap, the train had started. He ran back but 57 the train.
It was getting darker and he decided to spend the night at the station. The next morning he asked about the next 58 . He came to know that the next train was on the other day. So he decided to find a place for a day’s stay. It was getting darker and he could not find a place near the station.
At last, he reached a small village. He asked a villager 59 he could stay in his house for a day. The villager agreed. The villager cooked him food and gave him a room 60 . But he did not ask for 61 in return.
At seven in the evening, the gentleman heard a knock at the door. The villager opened the door. It was a 62 man in black. He came here to ask the villager to pay his debts(债务). The next morning, the gentleman 63 some money on the bed. When the villager found the money, he also found a note. It said, “You 64 me but didn’t want my pay from me. Yesterday I heard the conversation between you and the rich man. I knew that you were in need of 65 . This is what you need.”
56. A. thirsty B. hungry C. tired
57. A. caught B. got C. missed
58. A. bus B. plane C. train
59. A. if B. and C. or
60. A. staying B. to stay C. stay
61. A. something B. anything C. nothing
62. A. poor B. nice C. rich
63. A. forgot B. remembered C. left
64. A. cooked B. helped C. taught
65. A. food B. money C. time
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。一次一位绅士乘火车外出旅游。当到达一个小镇时，他感到口渴于是下车去找
水喝。可是当他找到水返回时火车开走了。由于天色已晚，下一趟火车要再隔一天，因此他决定找地方住下来。
最终在一个小村庄找到了接待他的人。可是这位村民并未要求他付报酬。当他无意听见另外一位先生向这位村民
讨债时，他才知道其实这位村民急需钱用，因此当他离开时给他留下了一些钱和一张便条。
56. A 由下文got down at a station to look for some water.可以推测他口渴，所以选A。
57. C 由下文他决定留下来过夜可知他错过了火车。因此选C。
58. C 由上文知道他是坐火车旅游，可以推测他肯定是咨询下一趟火车。故选C。
59. A 此处考查宾语从句。句意：他问一位村民是否可以招待他一天。故选A。
60. B 这位村民给他食物，而且还安排一间房屋给他居住。这里用动词不定式作定语修饰名词room。故选B。
61. B 句意：但是这位村民并没有向他要任何东西作为回报。否定句用anything。
62. C 由下文可知这个人是来要债的，既然能借债肯定是有钱人。故选C。
63. C 考查固定搭配。leave sth. +地点，表示把某物留在某地。句意：第二天，这位绅士将一些钱留在这张床上。
64. B 从上文可以看出，这位村民给予这位绅士无私的帮助，只有B项符合题意。
65. B 从上文He came here to ask the villager to pay his debts.可知这位村民急需用钱。
【能力选练】 E
阅读短文，从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。（10分）
One evening Mr Harris was on dut y when the phone rang. He went to answer it. It was Mrs Green. “Please, sir, come to my house. I had 5,000 dollars 56 .”
Mr Harris hurried to her house. He asked Mrs Green, “When did you find the money missing?” “At 57 , I put my money on the table in the living-room. Then I went to wash my hair. I came back at seven thirty and the money was gone.” “I see”. “Mr Harris said, “Were you 58 in the house?” “No. My sister’s daughter, Nancy, was here too.” “Let’s 59 to Nancy,” said Mr Harris. They went to Nancy’s room. Mr Harris sat on the only chair in the room. The chair was cold. Mrs Green and Nancy sat on the bed. Mr Harris saw some 60 on the floor. “What have you been doing this evening?”
“I’ve been studying 61 I will have a test tomorrow. I’ve been sitting on that chair reading all the time. I 62 got up and never left my room. But at seven fifty I heard a sound, likesomeone closing the 63 . I didn’t go out to have a look, for I was too busy. Maybe someone came into the house and took my 64 money.”
After hearing that, Mr Harris was quite 65 . He said to Mrs Green, “Well, you won’t have to be worried, and you’ll find the 5,000 dollars just in the room.”
56. A. returned B. stolen C. lost D. found
57. A. seven B. eight C. nine D. ten
58. A. worried B. angry C. alone D. lonely
59. A. walk B. write C. talk D. say
60. A. dollars B. books C. chairs D. beds
61. A. so B. and C. but D. because
62. A. sometimes B. often C. usually D. never
63. A. box B. eye C. door D. book
64. A. mom’s B. dad’s C. sister’s D. aunt’s
65. A. sad B. clear C. proud D. strong 【参考答案】完形填空BACCB DDCDB
2019-2020学年中考英语语法备考秘籍—定语从句 【知识方法】 先行词：名词或代词 定语从句 关系代词 关系词 关系副词 【知识清单】 定语从句 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词后面。定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。本章只介绍限定性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、which、whose和关系副词where 、when，关系代词和关系副词是引导词，在定语从句中担当某一成份。 关系代词、副词作用先行词例句 that，who，whom(只做宾语) 主语 宾语 表语 人Do you know the girl who／that is standing under a tree? 你知道站在树下的女孩是谁吗?
that，which 主语 宾语 表语物、时间、 地 点、原因 She got a computer which／that her parents bought for her． 她有一台她的父母买给她的电脑。 whose 定语人物The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard． 他的爸爸是医生的男孩学习非常刻苦。 The classroom whose window is open is mine． 窗户开着的那个教室是我的教室。 when 状语时间I still remember the day when you leave for Beijing． 我仍然记得你去北京的那一天。 where 状语地点This is the school where my mother works． 这就是我妈妈工作的学校。 why 状语原因 Could you explain the reason why you were late?你 能解释一下你迟到的原因吗? 二、关系代词在定语从句中的用法(关系代词作宾语时可省略)： 1．that指人或物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。 This is the pen that you are looking for. The girl that has long hair is my sister. 2．which指物，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。 The bike which is made in Tianjin sells well. The fish which we bought were not fresh. 3．who, whom指人，在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。 The boy who broke the window is called Tom. The person to whom he is talking is my father.正在和他谈话的那个人是我父亲。(宾语) 4．whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语。 The girl whose bag is new is called Ann.新书包的那个女孩叫Ann。(指人)
普通生态学复习 生态学概念：是研究生物生存条件、生物及其群体与环境相互作用的过程及其相互规律的科学，其目的是指导人与生物圈（即自然资源与环境）的协调发展。 1869年德国生物学家E.Haeckel第一次提出。英文名Ecology起源于两个希腊字：Oikos（住所、家庭）和Logos（学科），即“生境的学科” 研究对象：生物大分子、基因、细胞、个体、种群、群落、生态系统、景观、生物圈。 形成和发展：萌芽、建立、巩固、现代生态学。 E.P.Odum是近代生态学的始祖，1953年出版了他的著名作品《生态学基础》;与H.T.Odum 从生态能量流动的观点出发，着重研究了溪流生态系统的能量流动，在研究中首次用独创的能流框图来描述群落的能流过程和模式。1983年，E.P.Odum提出了较完整的能流基本模型，对能量生态学的理论发展产生了重要的影响。 环境因子与生态因子：生态因子是指环境中对生物生长、发育、繁殖、行为和分布有直接或间接影响的环境要素，如温度、湿度、食物、氧气、二氧化碳和其他相关生物等。生态因子中生物生存所不可缺少的环境条件，即为生物的生存条件。生态因子也可以被看做环境因子中对生物起作用的因子，而环境因子则是指生物体外部的全部环境要素。 生态因子作用:①综合作用:环境中的每个生态因子不是孤立的、单独的存在,总是与其他因子相互联系、相互影响、相互制约的.因此,任何一个因子的变化,都会不同程度地引起其他因子的变化,导致生态因子的综合作用.（山脉阳坡和阴坡景观的差异,是光照、温度、湿度和风速综合作用的结果.）②主导因子作用:在诸多环境因子中，有一个生态因子对生物起决定性作用，称为主导因子。主导因子发生变化会引起其他因子也发生变化。（植物春化阶段的低温因子;若以水分为主导因子,植物可分为水生、中生和旱生生态类型.）③阶段性作用:由于生物生长发育不同阶段对生态因子的需求不同，因子生态因子对生物的作用也具阶段性，这种阶段性是由生态环境的规律性变化所造成的。（低温在植物的春化阶段是必不可少的,但在其后的生长阶段则是有害的;水是多数无尾两栖类幼体的生存条件,但成体对水的依赖性就降低了.）④直接作用和间接作用:直接作用于生物的,光照、温度、水分、二氧化碳、氧等;间接作用是通过影响直接因子而间接影响生物,山脉的坡向、坡度和高度通过对光照、温度、风速及土壤质地的影响,对生物发生作用。（冬季苔原土壤中虽然有水,但由于土壤温度低,植物不能获得水,而叶子蒸发继续失水,产生植物冬天干旱,即冬天干旱是由寒冷的间接作用产生的.）⑤不可替代性和补偿作用:对生物作用的诸多生态因子虽然非等价,但都很重要,一个都不能缺少,不能由另一个因子来替代。总体来说，生态因子是不可代替的，但是局部是能补偿的。（软体动物生长壳需要钙,环境中大量锶的存在壳补偿钙不足对壳生长的限制作用.光照强度减弱时,植物光合作用下降可依靠CO2浓度的增加得到补偿.） Liebig最小因子定律：由19世纪德国Liebig首次提出的，1840年，首次提出了“植物的生长取决于那些处于最少量状态的食物的量。”基本内容是：低于某种生物需要的最少量的任何特定因子，是决定该种生物生存和分布的根本因素。 Shelford耐性定律：是美国生态学家V.E. Shelford 于1913年提出的。定义为：一种生物能够存在与繁殖，要依赖一种综合环境的全部因子的存在，只要其中一项因子的量或质不足或过量，超过了某种生物的耐受限度，则使该物种不能生存甚至灭绝。 生态幅：生物正常生长发育的生态因子范围(生命系统在某一生态因子维度上分部的最低点和最高点间的跨度）。生态位Nich：由各生态幅构成的某生物生存的生态定位or一个生命系统在某一个因子梯度上的生态幅，即系统在空间、食物以及环境条件等资源谱中的位置or 在自然生态系统中一个种群在时空、空间上的位置及其与相关种群之间的功能关系。 指示植物：一定区域范围内能指示生长环境或某些环境条件的植物种、属或群落。 植物适应光照度后形成分类：阳地植物、中性植物和阴地植物。适应日照长度后形成分类：
2019年中考英语专题练习试卷 (名师精选全国真题+答案，值得下载练习) 一、阅读理解。 A （2019中考教育类选练） A jaywalker is a person who usually walks across the road without paying attention to the traffic. “I don’t like to be a taxi driver,not only because of its hard work,but also for the reason of too many jaywalkers on the road,and that may cause dangerous accidents.”Drivers always compla （抱怨）like that.These day,a new way is used to solve the problem in Shijiazhuang,and the jaywalkers are now facing another danger of having their pictures shown on screen. A new system（系统）using two cameras and a 30 cm-by -20 cm screen is put next to some crossings in the city.People who cross the road on a red light will be caught by the camera,and their pictures will be shown on the screen.At the same time,the system will make a warning sound for people not to continue. A primary school students was caught by the camera.He stopped back onto the pavement（人 行道）after hearing the sound.”I was in a rush to get to school and saw myself smiling shyly on the screen,”he said. The system has been in use for about two weeks.Many people think it’s a good way to stop jaywalking.But there are also different voices.Some think that walkers are now given less time than drivers to cross the road,and time should be adjusted（调整）. Anyway,it is a good way to solve the problem on the road.And maybe it will spread to more cities soon. ( )1.Jaywalkers often______. A.drive a car carefully B.solve the traffic problems C.follow the traffic rules D.run the red light
2019年中考英语阅读理解专题复习 (名师详细剖析解题技巧+实战训练，建议下载保存) (绝对精品文档，价值很高，值得下载打印) 一、解题技巧 英语阅读理解是综合语言运用能力的一个重要方面，阅读理解题是占篇幅最长的、最耗时间的、生词最多的、单题分值最高的题型，当然，阅读理解也成为了学生们头疼的题型， 下面就是初中英语阅读理解难点分析及高分秘诀，希望能助力同学们取得更好的成绩！ 初中英语阅读理解难点分析 1.单词不认识 很多同学都有这种感觉，平时课本上的单词自己都掌握了，为什么遇到阅读还是有很多看不懂呢?这类问题被归结为单词量不够。要解决这个问题，就是要多背单词，除此之外还 要摸索规律。 第一、人名、地名没必要较真。 英语中有大量的词总是大写第一个字母的，而他们也大多属于专有名词，表示人名，地名，事件。如Adela、Manchester、NATO。遇到这类词完全可以视若罔闻。 2.前缀、后缀有规律 英语中有些词通过前面或者后面加一些字母，就会变成另一个词。如，regular-- irregular，kind--kindness，前者通过加-ir变成起否定形式，后者通过在后面加-ness，变成了名词。归纳起来，一般说前缀变词义(如肯否定)，后缀变词性。只要记住这个原则，平时在学习时 有意识地去检验，积累各种加前后缀的形式，就不至于稍加变化就不认识了。
3.有的词是需要摸索的。 在阅读题中，有的词是在文章中有提示的，因为英语写作有个潜在的规则，词语若非不得已，不要重复。秉承这个原则，我们可以在文章的结构平行处找线索。或是反义词，或是 近义词，根据文章的具体情况，同学们不难做出一个比较有针对性的选择。 4.考纲单词必须熟记。 大纲要求的单词、平时做题总是遇到的单词，生活中会经常遇到的单词，这些词是同学们发挥才智，施展所有做题技巧的基础。没有特别好的方法，就是有恒心一直背：把单词表上的词分类，单独把不会的列出来，分批背，平时总是遇到又不认识的，用一本笔记本把他们都记下来，天天反复天天背。 文章看不懂 “单词我都认识，文章说什么我就是看不懂。”也许有的同学会这样说。问题可能出在这里： 第一、单词不是真的都认识。 英语中几乎每一个单词都不是只有一个释义，同学们所说的认识，也许只是这些单词的一个意思，有可能在文段中考查的是这个单词另外一个意思。这类情况要解决它，就把它当个生词来处理就行了。唯一不同的是，同学们对这类词的处理要注重在语境中理解，这样才能更好地区分不同词义。 第二、语法句式不熟。 这个原因更普遍一些。阅读中的句子有的是很长的，有的是很怪异的。长的可能是加了从句(主语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句)，怪的则有可能是倒装、插入语，这些语法点。解决这个问题就要解决语法弱项，认真学好每个语法现象，多去用学过的语法去分
2019年中考英语冠词语法专题训练 (名师精选必考题+实战真题，值得下载练习) 语法综合演练 Ⅰ.用适当的冠词填空,不需填的画“/” 1.Every morning he spends hour doing exercise, and then he go e s to work. 2.—Have you seen movie OperationRedSea? —Yes. This is educational film and it has become one of most popular films in the world. 3.Peter, honest boy, visited European country last summer. 4.There will be talk on good manners at the school hall this afternoon. 5.higher the mountain is, thinner the air is. 6.—Do the twins look the same? —No. Jane is taller of them. 7.—Loo k at skirt. I bought it for my mother on Mother’s Day. —What nice skirt! 8.—Who is boy in red? —He is friend of Tom’s. He plays piano very well. 9.The novel is so interesting that he wants to read it second time. 10.Which is bigger, sun or earth? 11.Blacks are planning to go on vacation. 12.Beijing, capital of China,has long history. 13.He took the medicine three times day after meals according to the instructions. 14.Mary usually goes to work by bike, but this morning she took taxi to school. 15.best student in my class was ill in hospital. Ⅱ.语法填空 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Today, the 1.(popular) of basketball has risen around the world, with many young people
《普通生态学》复习思考题 第一章绪论 名词概念： 生物圈、GAM学说 复习思考题： 1、生态学的定义及主要研究内容。 2、生态学的研究层次有哪些？这些层次在生态学不同的发展时期各有哪些偏重？ 3、现代生态学的发展冇哪些特点？ 4、比较三类生态学研究方法的利弊。 第一部分有机体与环境 名词概念 物种（种）、环境、生态因子、耐受性定律、生态幅、适应组合、趋同适应、生活型、有效积温法则、Bergman规律Allen规律、驯化、气候驯化、内稳态、生物学零度、内温动物、异温动物 复习思考题： 1、生态因子作用有什么特点？ 2、大环境和小环境对生物的生态效应有何不同？举例说明。 3、内稳态生物和非内稳态生物在适应环境的方式、能力上冇何差异？内稳态生物如何保持其稳态机制的？ 4、举例说明什么是适应组合？生物为什么要出现适应组合？ 5、低温和高温对生物会产生哪些影响？植物和动物如何在形态、生理、行为上进行适应？ 6、什么叫有效积温？利用它在实际生产中有哪些价值？ 7、水环境和陆生环境有哪些不同？植物在适应方式上又有何不同？ 8、水生动物和陆生动物在对水因了方面的适应中主要面临哪些才盾？它们又如何适应？ 9、试举例分析特定生境中某一生态因子与生物的关系？ 10、比较以光为主导因子的植物生态类型的特征。 11、火的生态作用 第二部分种群生态学 名词或概念： 单-体牛物、构件生物、密度、相对密度、标志重捕法、年龄结构、性比、生命表、内禀增长率、生态入侵、遗传漂变、中性学说、渐变群、工业黑化、适应辐射、R-策略、K-策略、-K连续体、社会等级、领域性、协同进化、生态位、他感效应、内分布型、迁入、迁出、自疏、寄生 复习思考题： 1、为什么说种群是物种在自然界存在的基木单位和进化单位？
2019年中考英语模拟试题及答案 一、选择填空。（共15小题，计15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 1. —Have you seen wolf warriors II (《战狼II》)? —Yes. This is _______ educational film and it has become one of _______ most popular films in the world. A. a; / B. a; the C. an; the D. /; the 2. —Hi, Cathy! I saw Miss Zhang in the meeting room just now. ―No, it ______ be her. She went to Nanjing two days ago. A. must B. may C. can’ｔ D. needn’ｔ 3. —Did you watch 2018 CCTV Spring Festival Evening Gala in Taian? —Certainly. That night the sky over Taian was as _______ as that in the day with th e light. A. bright B. brightly C. brighter D. more brightly 4. —What about going to the cinema on foot with me, Wei Ming? —I prefer _______ a bike to _______ there. A. ride; walk B. riding; walk C. ride; walking D. riding; walking 5. China’s first home-built aircraft carrier(航空母舰) hit the water in Dalian _______ the morning of April 26, 2017. A. in B. on C. at D. to 6. When we see any waste lying on the ground, we should _______. A. pick it out B. point at it C. pick it up D. kick it out said that the TV program Readers was quite popular. 7. —It’s —Yes. _______ my parents _______ my little sister likes watching it very much. A. Neither; nor B. Both; and C. Either; or D. Not only; but also 8. —Do you know China’s famous scientist Pan Jianwei? —You mean “the father of quantum”（ 量子之父)? Yes, he is the _______ of our coun try. A. pride B. prize C. proud D. heart 9. —We’ll study in different schools next term. I hope you’ll enjoy your time in the new school! —_______ ． B. The same to you． A. I’ll take your advice C. Congratulations! D. Me, too.
2019中考英语专题复习—七选五阅读及答案 一、七选五阅读命题类型：（考察角度） 1）主旨概括句：多位于标题或段首处，考察主旨和段首大意 2）过渡性句子：多位于段落中间或段首处，承上启下，考察文章内在结构 3）细节性句子：多位于段落中间或段尾处，考察上下文逻辑意义。 二、解题策略：总的原则: “分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键”。（1）越过空格，通读全文，了解大意。 （2）通读选项，抓住其关键词语，明确各选项的大致意思， （3）回到空格处，根据空格在段落中的位置判断设空类型。（主旨；过渡；细节） （4）定位选项。根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中。 （5）确定排除，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。 三、细节性问题(多位于段落中间）。 设题涉及具体的细节信息，或前后呼应，或进行补充说明。一般根据前后句之间的关系即可判断。注意三个衔接： ?1，词汇衔接 ?2，逻辑衔接 ?3，结构衔接 1)同词出现法 词汇同现是指属于同一词汇或者跟此词汇相关同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密 2)词汇复现法
复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。双保险：上下文再核实一下。 3) 代词线索 英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。 4) 逻辑关系衔接 解答议论文体的阅读填句题,首先要把握好所论述的中心问题.通常所挖空缺与选项都以一条主线为主。其次,此类文章中经常出现一些逻辑关系词,对于理解文章与判定答案很有帮助。七选五阅读理解题的解题技巧: ◆速读全文，关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题 ◆浏览选项，理解全篇逻辑关系,找出关键词 ◆运用上下文所重复的关键词推断 ◆利用同义词和近义词关系 ◆利用词的上下义关系 ◆利用反义词、过渡词关系 ◆理清结构与逻辑关系，确定答案 A What’s your favorite weather? Do you like sunny or rainy da ys? Many people like sunshine (阳光) a lot. 1 . They think rain makes them feel sad. For a long vacation, they like going to the beach to enjoy sunshine. 2 . I like sunshine very much, but I also enjoy rain.
2019-2020学年中考英语语法备考秘籍—动词时态 【知识方法】 一般现在时：谓语动词用动词原形或第三人称单数形式 一般过去时：谓语动词用动词的过去式的形式 一般将来时：谓语动词用will/be going to +动词的原形 动词的时态 现在进行时：谓语动词用am/is/are +动词原形的形式 过去进行时：谓语动词用was/were+动词的现在分词 现在完成时：谓语动词用have/has+动词的过去分词 知识清单 动词的时态 动词的时态有很多。初中阶段主要掌握八种：一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去
进行时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时。 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 1．一般现在时 1）一般现在时态的构成：主语是I, we, you, they和名词复数时作谓语的行为动词用原形。主语是he, she , it和名词单数时，作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下： 一般情况＋s 以s, x, ch, sh或o结尾＋es 以辅音＋y结尾去y变i＋es 2）一般现在时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）： 主语肯定式否定式疑问式 第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数I am a student. We/You/ They are students. He/ She is a student. I / We/ You/ They/ like music. Many people like music. I am not a student. We/You/ They are not students. He/ She is not a student. I / We/ You/ They/ don’t like music. Many people don’t like music. Are you a student. Are you/ they students? Is he/ she a student? Do you/ they like music? Do many people like music? 3）一般现在时态的用法： 现阶段经常性，习惯性的动作。例如： I get up at six every morning. He plays tennis once a week. 现在的状态例如： My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a school. 客观真理例如：
2019中考专项复习专题专题十三简单句 （限时：25分钟分值：38分得分：_______) 1.（2017郴州）—_______ friendly boy he is! —Yes. He’s always ready to help others. A. What a B. What C. How 2.（2017绥化）—Your father went to the park yesterday, _______? —Yes, he did. A. didn’t he B. doesn’t he C. did he 3. （2017上海改编）—Do you know _______ a 5-day trip to Hong Kong costs? —I guess it’s about ￥4, 000. A. how fast B. how long C. how much 4. （2017连云港改编）—_______ do the students in your school do outdoor activities every day? —At least an hour. A. How often B. How long C. How much 5.（2017泰安改编）—_______ exciting the speech about “Belt and Road”was! —Of course! It was a really great inspiration to the world. A. How B. What C. How a 6.（2017南京改编）—Millie, _______ do you take the course in DIY? —Every Saturday afternoon. A. how long B. how far C. how often 7.（2017随州改编）—Is the mobile phone new or old? —________. I bought it only two days ago. A. It’s old B. It’s new C. Yes, it is
中考复习之词汇运用 词汇运用题：考查学生对单词的拼写能力，以及词形变化、测试内容以实词为主，虚词为辅。 做好这类题，一般应遵循下面几个步骤：第一步读懂句意，判断词性；第二步确定词形；第三步核对答案。 名词：单数、复数、所有格、大写； 动词：时态、语态、非谓语动词形式；（一般现在时用三单；已经有动词用非谓语）形容词：原级、比较级、最高级；（“的”） 副词：原级、比较级、最高级；（“地”） 代词：不定代词、主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词； 数词：基数词、序数词（first, second, third, fourth, fifth） 冠词：a / an / the （首次提到用a / an；特指用the） 连词：and，but，or，because，so，when，where，before，after，if… 介词：at，by，to，in，for，of，on，from，with… 中考复习之选词填空 二、选词填空解题注意事项 1.先对备选词汇的词性作简单标记，如名词(n.)、动词(v.)、形容词(adj.)、副词(adv.)等。同时对词义做初步的理解。 2.根据题意或通读全文，猜测空格中所缺的信息，注意固定搭配，根据需要去备选词 汇中寻找匹配的答案。 3.填词过程中注意词形的变化。既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。为 了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜： 空前空后要注意； “名词”单复数要牢记，还有“'s”不能弃； “动词”注意要变形，“形副”注意三种级； 要填“数词”请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”； 填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。
洛阳市2019年中考英语试题及答案 注意事项： 1.本试卷共10页，七个大题，满分120分，考试时间100分钟。 2.本试卷上不要答题，请按答题卡上注意事项的要求直接把答案填写在答题卡上。答在试卷上的答案 无效。 一、听力理解（20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。 1.What food does the boy like? A.Indian food. B. Chinese food . C. French food. 2.Who plays football well? A.Roger. B. Jonny. C. Lucy. 3.Where are the speakers now? A.In the bedroom. B. In the library. C. In the classroom. 4.When will the speakers meet A.At 5 pm. B. At 6 pm. C. At 8 pm. 5.What’s the weather like today? A. Windy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 第二节听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面-?段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。 6.When will the speakers go running? A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow morning. C. Tomorrow afternoon. 7.What will the man do next? A. Play basketball. B. Visit friends. C. Go shopping 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。 8.What did the man buy for his father? A.Ties. B. Shirts. C. Coats. 9.How much did the man pay? A. $25. B. $40. C. $65. 听下面一段独白，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10.Why are they arriving late? A.Because of an accident. B.Because of the bad weather. C.Because of the heavy traffic. 11.How are they getting to the hotel?
（限时：12分钟分值：18分得分:） 1. （2017 贵阳）We all know that one of the world ' s most popular sports football.A. am B. is C. are 2. （2017 宜宾）Two months a long time. We can visit our grandparents during the vacation.A. am B. is C. are 3. （2017 南京改编）Look! There a photo of our English teacher in today ' s newspaper!A. is B. are C. have 4. （2017 凉山州改编）—There a party tomorrow evening. Would you like to go with me?— I ' d love to. A. is B. has C. is going to be 5. （2017 广东省卷改编）—Is there any outdoor learning in your school? —. We learn outdoors once or twice every month. A. Yes, there is B. No, there isn ' t C. Yes, it is 6. （2017 安』项改编）—there any good news in today ' s Qianzhong Morning Daily?—No. But there some funny stories worth reading. A. Is; is B. Are; are 7. （2017 张家界模拟）一I really miss my home. —As the saying goes “There no place like home. ” A. are B. is C. was C. Is; are 8. （2017 益阳模拟）There an apple, some cakes and hamburgers on the table.A. has B. are C. is
2019年中考英语语法填空专题训练(名师精选试题+详细解析答案，值得下载打印练习) A 请用适当的词完成下面的短文, 并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。 Hayley Korman, a 15-year-old girl from California, US did something different last summer. Her mobile phone didn't work one day, so she decided to try and live __1__ it. She took a six-week summer travel with some friends. Hayley and ten other teenagers rode their __2__ 3, 000 miles(4, 800 km) across the States. With two college students as guides, they __3__ from a beach in Georgia on June 23.They traveled through small towns in the south, crossed rivers and climbed __4__. They made camps there. It's not __5__ to find a comfortable place to sleep. “It was to o hot in the south, and very humid, too，” Hayley said. __6__ there were such difficulties, no one left the team. “Everybody was hard-working and did everything for the group，” Hayley said, “We learned __7__ to live with other people.” They __8__ postcards and letters to their parents to tell them how it was going. They had to shop for food by themselves. They shared responsibilities(责任) and __9__ after each other. From these things, they not only trained(锻炼) __10__，but also opened up their eyes. “Sou thern people are really nice，” Hayley said. “It's a whole new world for us.” 1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6．________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________ 【参考答案】 1.without 2.bikes 3.started4．mountains
普通生态学复习资料 这份资料基于本人上课所做的笔记以及最后一节课上朱明德老师所给的重点和 本人的理解整理而成，并不是一份十分全面的复习参考资料，仅供参考。千万 不要过分依赖此复习资料，平时认真听课、勤做笔记、善于思考才是取得高分 的不二法门！ 生态学：生态学是研究有机体及其周围环境相互作用关系，以及与社会、经济、人类相互作用关系的一门生物学分支学科。 生态学有方法论和层次观。 生态学的4个组织层次：个体、种群、群落、生态系统。 生态学的5个研究方法：野外考察、实验室分析、模拟实验、网络分析、多方 面整合。 生物圈：是指地球上的全部生物和一切适合于生物栖息的场所，它包括岩石圈 的上层、全部水圈和大气圈的下层。 环境：是指某一特定生物体或生物群体周围一切的总和，包括空间及直接或间 接影响该生物体或生物群体生存的各种因素。 大环境：大环境是指地区环境、地球环境和宇宙环境。 大气候：大环境中的气候称为大气候，是指离地面1.5m以上的气候，是由大范围因素所决定。 小环境：是指对生物有直接影响的邻接环境，即指小范围内的特定栖息地。 生态因子：是指环境要素中对生物起作用的因子，如光照、温度、水分、氧气、二氧化碳、食物和其他生物等。 生境：所有生态因子构成生物的生态环境，特定生物体或群体的栖息地的生态 环境称为生境。 生态因子的作用特征： ○1综合作用：环境中的每个生态因子不是孤立的、单独的存在，总是与其他因子相互联系、相互影响、相互制约的。因此，任何一个因子的变化，都会不同 程度地引起其他因子的变化，导致生态因子的综合作用。 ○2主导因子作用：对生物起作用的众多因子并非等价的，其中有一个是起决定性作用的，它的改变会引起其他生态因子发生变化，使生物的生长发育发生变化，这个因子称主导因子。
北京市2019年中考 英语试卷 考生须知 1. 本试卷共10页，共五道大题，39道小题，满分60分，考试时问90分钟。 2. 在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号。 3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 4. 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5. 考试结束，请将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。 知识运用(共1 4分) 一、单项填空(共6分，每小题0.5分) 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A. her B. him C. it D. them A. on B. to C. in D. of —It’s 88 yuan. A. how much B. how many C. how long D. how old 4. — Lily, _____ you finish the letter in ten minutes? — Yes, I can. A. must B. should C. need D. can A. for B. so C. but D. or
A. patient B. more patient C. most patient D. the most patient A. skates B. is skating C. has skated D. was skating 8. —Tom, what’s your d ad doing? A. repairs B. will repair C. has repaired D. is repairing A. changes B. changed C. will change D, has changed A. will book B. booked C. have booked D, was booking A. accepts B. accepted C. was accepted D. is accepted — Yes. She was going over our writing. A. what was Miss Lin doing B. what Miss Lin was doing C. what does Miss Lin do D. what Miss Lin does 二、完形填空(共8分，每小题1分) 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Run for Class President Two months ago, when our class election(选举) started, I decided to run for class