2012年上海市普通高等学校春季招生考试英语试题

2012年上海市高考英语试卷第I卷(共105分)I. Listening ComprehensionII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.______ passion, people won‟t have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.A. ForB. WithoutC. BeneathD. By26.Is honesty the best policy? We ______ that it is when we are little.A. will teachB. teachC. are taughtD. will be taught27.As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn‟t allowed ______ into the sports club.A. goingB. to goC. goD. gone28.The new law states that people ______ drive after drinking alcohol.A. wouldn‟tB. needn‟tC. won‟tD. mustn‟t29.Only with the greatest of luck ______ to escape from the rising flood waters.A. managed sheB. she managedC. did she manageD. she did manage30.—I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.—I know. By next month, he ______ enough for a used one.A. will have savedB. will be savingC. has savedD. saves31.When he took his gloves off, I noticed that ______ one had his name written inside.A. eachB. everyC. otherD. another32.I have a tight budget for the trip, so I‟m not going to fly ______ the airlines lower ticket prices.A. onceB. ifC. afterD. unless33.When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble ______ the right things to say.A. thinking ofB. to think ofC. thought ofD. think of34.There is much truth in the idea ______ kindness is usually served by frankness.A. whyB. whichC. thatD. whether35.Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from ______ you received gifts?A. whichB. themC. thatD. whom36.The club, ______ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.A. foundedB. foundingC. being foundedD. to be founded37.—Was it by cutting down staff ______ she saved the firm?—No, it was by improving work efficiency.A. whenB. whatC. howD. that38.—We‟ve only got this small bookcase. Will that do?—No, ______ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which39.“Genius” is a complicated concept, ______ many different factors.A. involvedB. involvingC. to involveD. being involved40.The map is one of the best tools a man has ______ he goes to a new place.A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. howeverSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be usedFilmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn, ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas, according to the Food Standard Agency.Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made 41 , the nutrition inspector said.Tim Smith, chief executive of the agency, told The Times that cinemas should help to deal with the country‟s overweight 42 .“There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case. It is a 43 to us,” he said. “Portion sizes are also a big issue, and there seems to be increasingly big packs on sale.”He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger, Wimpey and The Real Greek 44 to put calorie counts on all their menus.A trial scheme(试行方案) with 21 food companies took place last summer, and 45 are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realised the number of calories in a product.A consultation (征询意见) on the trial ends next month but Mr Smith is already planning the second drive for American-style calorie counts and is 46 to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls.Government 47 suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overw eight. If trends are not 48 , this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirds of children by 2050, putting them at 49 risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Filling in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another 50 , subway riders in New Y ork saw a man carrying a stick stumble(绊脚) and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his 51 ; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to 52 aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In 53 these and other research findings, two themes are 54 : we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think 55 assistance.In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. 56 , in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be 57 , but had apparently been “lost”. The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 58 person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to 59 the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.The degree of 60 between the potential helper and the person in need is also important. For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) 61 T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.Whether a person receives help depends in part on the “worth” of the case. For example, shoppers ina supermarket were more likely to give someone 62 to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for 63 than cookies. Passengers on a New Y ork subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be 64 rather than drunk.50.A. study B. way C. word D. college51.A. hand B. arm C. face D. back52.A. refuse B. beg C. lose D. receive53.A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing54.A. important B. possible C. amusing D. missing55.A. seek B. deserve C. obtain D. accept56.A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example57.A. printed B. mailed C. rewritten D. signed58.A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hard-working59.A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down60.A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact61.A. expensive B. plain C. cheap D. strange62.A. time B. instructions C. money D. chances63.A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health64.A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sickSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Phil White has just returned from an 18,000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised￡70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White‟s second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than l,300 hours in the saddle (车座) and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road.The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For l,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr. White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.65.When Phil White returned from his trip, he _______.A. broke the world recordB. collected money for OxfamC. destroyed several bikesD. travelled about l,300 hours66.What does the word “epic” in Paragraph l most probably mean?A. V ery slow but exciting.B. V ery long and difficult.C. V ery smooth but tiring.D. V ery lonely and depressing.67.During his journey around the world, Phil White _______.A. fought heroically against robbers in IranB. experienced the extremes of heat and coldC. managed to ride against the wind in AustraliaD. had a team of people who travelled with him68.Which of the following words can best describe Phil White?A. Imaginative.B. Patriotic.C. Modest.D. Determined.(B)The value-packed, all-inclusivesight-seeing package thatcombines the best of Sydney’sharbour, city, bay and beachhighlights.A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses: the …red‟Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights while the …blue‟ Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays and famous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbour cruises (游船). Y ou can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses, Sydney Ferries or CityRail services (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour, sampling the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass. Wherever you decide to go, remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in, first seated basis.SydneyPasses are available for 3, 5 or 7 days for use over a 7 calendar day period. With a 3 or 5 day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 or 7 days, and the return trip is valid (育效的) for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used.*A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under 16 years. Children under 4 years travel free.**A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family.69.A SydneyPass doesn‟t offer unlimited rides on _______.A. the Explorer BusesB. the harbour cruisesC. regular Sydney BusesD. CityRail services70.With a SydneyPass, a traveller can _______.A. save fares from and to the airportB. take the Sydney Explorer to beachesC. enjoy the famous seafood for freeD. reserve seats easily in a restaurant71.If 5-day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague and her children,aged 3, 6 and 10, what would the lowest cost be?A. $225.B. $300.C. $360.D. $420.(C)Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same “fight-or-flight” reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict (“fight”), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation (“flight”). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend.”That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young (“tend”), and by looking for social contact and support from others—especially other females (…befriend”).Scientists have long known that in the fight-or-flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones(激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that “animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious.” While men also secrete（分泌）oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory(调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.72.The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to _______.A. turn to friends for helpB. solve a conflict calmlyC. find an escape from realityD. seek comfort from children73.Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.74.What can be learned from the passage?A. Male hormones help build up the body‟s resistance to stress.B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.75.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. How men and women get over stress.B. How men and women suffer from stress.C. How researchers overcome stress problems.D. How researchers handle stress-related disorders.Section CDirections:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph.76.________ 76—80. FAEDCLearning to read early has become one of those indicators— in parents‟ minds at least— that their child is smart. In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically. Research has shown that difficulty with reading is often due not to inferior intelligence but to differences in the developmental wiring of each individual child. In some cases, there are neurological problems and developmental lags that can be overcome with proper training.77.________Traditionally, American schools teach children at age six, but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre-kindergarten. If parents start too early to encourage reading, and a child does not immediately succeed, the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace. 78.________Over the years, research has proved that the use of both the “whole language”method and the “phonic”method works best for a child to master reading. While the whole language approach, which includes reading to children and getting them interested in both the activity of reading and the story they are reading, is helpful, phonics must be taught. Children must be taught that one of the squiggles they see is a “p”and another a “b”. Getting the print off the page requires a different ability than being able to understand the meaning of what is written.79.________Y ou can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children. Besides reading to them, parents can start “ear training” their child by playing rhyme games. This develops the child‟s ability to recognize different sounds. In reading to children, parents also can point to words as they go, teaching the child that the funny lines on the page are the words you are saying. All this should be a fun activity.80.________Once a child is in school, the learning of reading is inevitably more serious. For children who have some kind of reading difficulty, you must get a professional diagnosis. While the teacher might say the child is merely disinterested but will get over it, disinterest or poor performanc e in reading can stem from a number of things, some being very specific learning disabilities that can be identified and worked on. But it is very tricky for parents to deal with their own child‟s learning disabilities.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人)is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.This pattern of age segregation (隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 to 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent to 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents‟ daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous(白治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS. ) 81.“This pattern of age segregation”refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselvesfrom ______________________________________________________________________________.82.Besides changes in the workplace, _________________________________are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture.83.When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?84.How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups?第II卷(共45分)I. T ranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.她五年前开始拉小提琴。

2012年上海市高考英语试卷I、Directions：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．At a library．B．At a hotel．C．At a bank．D．At an airport．2．（1分）A．Relaxed．B．Annoyed．C．Worried．D．Satisfied．3．（1分）A．Doctor and patient．B．Shop owner and customer．C．Secretary and boss．D．Receptionist and guest．4．（1分）A．He would have thrown $300around．B.300is not enough for the concert．C．Sandy shouldn't have given that much．D．Dave must be mad with the money．5．（1分）A．She lives close to the man．B．She changes her mind at last．C．She will turn to her manager．D．She declines the man's offer．6．（1分）A.2B.3C.4D.5．7．（1分）A．Both of them drink too much coffee．B．The woman doesn't Like coffee at all．C．They help each other stop drinking coffee．D．The man is uninterested in the woman's story．8．（1分）A．He doesn't．mind helping the woman．B．He hesitates whether to help or not．C．He'll help if the woman doesn't mindD．He can't help move the cupboard．9．（1分）A．He's planning to find a new job．B．He prefers to keep his house in a mess．C．He's too busy to clean his houseD．He has already cleaned his new house．10．（1分）A．She doesn't agree with the man．B．She is good at fmding a place to stay．C．She could hardly find the truth．D．She had no travel expei/ence in Britain．II、Directions：In Section B，you will hear two short passages，and youwill be asked three questions on each of the passages.The passages will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the besta nswer to the question you have heard.11．（6分）Questions 11through 13are based on the following passage11．A．Use the company's equipment．B．Give orders to robotsC．Make decisions for the company．D．Act as Big Brother．12．A．Employees gain full freedom．B．Employees suspect one another．C．Employees'children are happy．D．Employees enjoy working there．13．A．Reward．B．Safety．C．Trust．D．Honesty．14．（6分）Questions 14through 16are based on the following passage14．A．Canada had a smaller population．B．Land was cheaper in Canada．C．They wanted to continue the Revolution．D．They were against Britain．15．A．They standardized Canadian English．B．They settled there after the Revolution．C．They enjoy a very high social position．D．They make up a small part of the population16．A．It is considered unique to some extent．B．It is greatly influenced by French．C．It is mainly linked to British culture．D．It dates back to the late 17th century．Directions：In Section C，you will hear two longer conversations.The conversationswill be read twice.After you hear each conversation，you are required to fillin the numbered blanks with the information you have heard.Write your answers on your answer sheet.17．（4分）Blanks 17through 20are based on the following conversation．Complete the form．Write ONE WORD for each answer．Class Registration FormName：Andrew SmithDepartment：The （17）DepartmentStudent ID：（18）Class：The （19）classTime：（20），2：00﹣4：00 p．m．21．（4分）Blanks 21through 24are based on the following conversation．Complete the form．Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．What was special about the Experimentgroup？The members were from diffrent cities with different（21）and cultures．What did the girl learn from theExperiment？Different people can be（22）How did the host family treat the girl？They treated her as（23）Why did the girl say language is not alwaysimportant？Sometimes（24）can say more than words．II、Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions：Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A，B，C and D.Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25．（1分）passion，people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking．（）A．For．B．Without C．Beneath D．By26．（1分）Is honesty the best policy？Wethat it is when we are little．（）A．will teach B．teachC．are taught D．will be taught27．（1分）As Jack left his membership card at home，he wasn't allowedinto the sports club．（）A．going B．to go C．go D．gone28．（1分）The new law states that people _ drive after drinking alcohol．（）A．wouldn't B．needn't C．won't D．mustn't29．（1分）Only with the greatest of luck to escape from the rising flood waters．（）A．managed she B．she managedC．did she manage D．she did manage30．（1分）﹣I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car．﹣I know．By next month，heenough for a used one．（）A．will have saved B．will be savingC．has saved D．saves31．（1分）When he took his gloves off，I noticed thatone had his name written inside．（）A．each B．every C．other D．another32．（1分）I have a tight budget for the trip，so I'm not going to fly the airlines lower ticket prices．（）A．once B．if C．after D．unless33．（1分）When Peter speaks in public，he always has troublethe right things to say．（）A．thinking of B．to think of C．thought of D．think of．34．（1分）There is much truth in the ideakindness is usually served by frankness．（）A．why B．which C．that D．whether35．（1分）Have you sent thank﹣you notes to the relatives from you received gifts？（）A．which B．them C．that D．whom36．（1分）The club，25years ago，is holding a party for past and present members．（）A．founded B．foundingC．being founded D．to be founded37．（1分）﹣Was it by cutting down staff she saved the firm？﹣No，it was by improving work efficiency．（）A．when B．what C．how D．that38．（1分）﹣We've only got this small bookcase．Will that do？﹣No．_____ I was looking for was something much bigger and stronger．（）A．What B．Where C．That D．Which39．（1分）"Genius"is a complicated concept，many different factors．（）A．involved B．involvingC．toinvolve D．beinginvolved40．（1分）The map is one of the best tools a man has he goes to a new place．（）A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever D．howeverDirections：Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. 41．（9分）A．maintained B．serious C．indications D．figures E．anxiousF．concern G crisis H．decided I．available J．reversedFilmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn，ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas，according to the Food Standard Agency．Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made（41），the nutrition inspector said．Tim Smith，chief executive of the agency，told The 77mes that cinemas should help to deal with the country's overweight （42）．"There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie﹣free，but that is not the case．It is a （43）to us，"he said．"Portion sizes are also a big issue，and there seems to be increasingly big packs onsale．"He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger，Wimpey and The Real Greek （44）to put calorie counts on all their menus．A trial scheme（试行方案）with 21food companies took place last summer，and （45）are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realised the number of calories in a product．A consultation（征询意见）on the trial ends next month but Mr Smith is already planning the second drive for American﹣style calorie counts and is （46）to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places，from football grounds to concert halls．Government （47）suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight．If trends are not （48），this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirds of children by 2050，putting them at （49）risk of heart disease，cancer and other diseases．Reading Comprehension Directions：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.50．（15分）People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if theywere asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman．In another （50），subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble（绊脚）and fall to the floor．Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his（51）；sometimes he did not．In this situation，thevictim was more likely t0 （52）aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark．In （53）these and other research findings，two themes are （54）：we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think （55）assistance．In some situations，those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid．（56），in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport．The application was ready to be （57），but had apparently been"lost"．The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very （58）person and sometimes that of a less attractive person．The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not．Results showed that people were more likely to （59）the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive．The degree of （60）between the potential helper and the person in need is also important．For example，people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner．In one study，shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a（n）（61）T﹣shirt than a person wearing a T﹣shirt printed with offensive words．Whether a person receives help depends in part on the"worth"of the case．For example，shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone．（62）_ to buy milk rather than to buy cookies，probably because milk is thought more essential for （63）than cookies．Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be （64）rather than drunk．50．A．study B．way C．word D．college 51．A．hand B．arm C．face D．back 52．A．refuse B．beg C．lose D．receive 53．A．challenging B．recording C．understanding D．publishing54．A．important B．possible C．amusing D．missing 55．A．seek B．deserve C．obtain D．accept 56．A．At first B．Above all C．In addition D．For example 57．A．printed B．mailed C．rewritten D．signed 58．A．talented B．good﹣look C．helpful D．hard﹣working 59．A．send in B．throw away C．fill out D．turn down 60．A．similarity B．friendship C．cooperation D．contact 61．A．expensive B．plain C．cheap D．strange 62．A．time B．instructions C．money D．chances 63．A．shoppers B．research C．children D．health 64．A．talkative B．handsome C．calm D．sickDirections：Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.65．（8分）Phil White has just returned from an 18，OOO﹣mile，around﹣the﹣world bicycle trip．White had two reasons for making this epic journey．First of all，he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity，which he did．He raised～70，000for the British charity，Oxfam．White's second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world．He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not．White set off from Trafalgar Square，in London，on 19th June 2004and was back 299days later．He spent more than l，300hours in the saddle（车座）and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains．He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe，the Middle East，India，Asia，Australia，New Zealand and the Americas．Amazingly，he did all of this with absolutely no support team．No jeep carrying food，water and medicine．No doctor．Nothing!Just a bike and a very，verylong road．The journey was lonely and desperate at times．He also had to fight his way across deserts，through jungles and over mountains．He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up t0 45degrees，all to help people in need．There were other dangers along the road．In Iran，he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had．The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia．For l，000kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him．This part of the trip was slow，hard work and depressing，but he made it in the end．Now Mr．White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures．65．When Phil White returned from his trip，he．A．broke the world recordB．collected money for OxfamC．destroyed several bikesD．travelled about l，300hours66．What does the word"epic"in Paragraph l most probably mean？A．Very slow but exciting．B．Very long and difficult．C．Very smooth but tiring．D．Very lonely and depressing．67．During his journey around the world，Phil White_．A．fought heroically against robbers in IranB．experienced the extremes of heat and coldC．managed to ride against the wind in AustraliaD．had a team of people who travelled with him68．Which of the following words can best describe Phil White？A．Imaginative．B．Patriotic．C．Modest．D．Determined．69．（6分）The value﹣packed，all﹣inclusivesight﹣seeing package thatcombines the best of Sydney'sharbour，city，bay and beachhighlights．A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses：the'red'Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights wlrile the'blue'Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays and famous beaches．Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbour cru/ses（游船）．You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses，Sydney Ferries or CityRail services （limited area），so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city．Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour，sampling the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise．The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass．Wherever you decide to go，remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in，first seated basis．SydneyPasses are avai﹣lable for 3，5 0r 7days for use over a 7calendar day period．With a 3or 5day pass you choose on which days out of the 7you want to use it．All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3，5 0r 7days，and Lhe return trip is valid （育效的）for 2months from the first day your ticket was used．SydneyPass FaresAdult Child Family3 day ticket 90 dollars45dollars225dollars5day ticket120dollars60dollars300dollars7 day ticket140dollars70dollars350dollars*A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4years to under～6ye rs．Children under 4years travel free．**A family is defined as 2adults and any number of children from 4to under 16years of age from the same family．69．A SydneyPass doesn7t offer unlimited rides onA．the Explorer BusesB．the harbour cruisesC．regular Sydney BusesD．CityRail services70．With a SydneyPass，a traveller can．A．save fares from and to the airportB．take the Sydney Explorer to beachesC．enjoy the famous seafood for freeD．reserve seats easily in a restaurant71．If 5﹣day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague andher children，aged 3，6and 10，what would the lowest cost be？A.225．B.300．C.360．D.420．72．（8分）Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles （UCLA）have discovered a major difference in the way men and womenrespond to stress．This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress﹣related disorders．Until now，psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same"fight﹣or﹣flight"reaction to stress．In other words，individuals eicher react with aggressive behavior，such as verbal or physical conflict （"fight"），or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation （"flight"）．However，the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress．While men often react to stress in the fight﹣or﹣flight response，women often have another kind of reaction which could be called"tend and befriend．"That is，they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young （"tend"），and by looking for social contact and support from others﹣especially other females《'befriend"）．Scientists have long known that in the fight﹣or﹣flight reaction to stress，an important role is played by certain hormones（澈素）released by the body．The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend﹣or﹣befriend response is also based on a hormone．This hormone，called oxytocin，has been studied in the context of cFuldbirt．h，but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress．The principal investigator，Dr．Shelley E．Taylor，explained that"animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer，more relaxed，more social，and less anxious．"While men also secrete（分泌）oxytocin，its effects are reduced by male hormones．In terms of everyday behavior，the UCLA study found that women are far．more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed．They may phone relatives or friends，or ask directions if they are lost．The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work．The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet．For a typical mother，coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs．The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lowerfrequency of stress﹣related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior．The tend﹣and﹣befriend regulatory（调节的）system may protect women against stress，and this may explain why women on average live longer than men．72．The UCLA study shows that in response to stress，men are more likely than women to．A．turn to friends for helpB．solve a conflict calmlyC．find an escape from realityD．seek comfort from children73．Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage？A．Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do．B．Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women．C．Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin．D．Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men．74．What can be learned from the passage？A．Male hormones help build up the body's resistance to stress．B．In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does．C．Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress．D．The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings．75．Which of the following might be the best ti．tle of the passage？A．How men and women get over stressB．How men and women suffer from stressC．How researchers overcome stress problemsD．How researchers handle stress﹣related disorders．Directions：Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph.There is one extra heading which you do not need.76．（10分）A．When a child should learn to readB．Why it is fun to teach a child readingC．What if a child has reading problemsD．How you prepare a young child for readingE．What is the best way to teach a child readingF．Whether reading early promises later achievements76．Learning to read early has become one of those indicators﹣in parents'minds at least﹣that their child is smart．In fact，reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically．Research has shown that difficulty with reading is often due not to inferior intelligence but to differences in the developmental wiring of each individual child．In some cases，there are neurological problems and developmental lags that can be overcome with proper training．77．Traditionally，American schools teach children at age six，but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre﹣kindergarten．If parents start too early to encourage reading，and a child does not immediately succeed，the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace．78．Over the years，research has proved that the use of both the"whole language"method and the"phonic"method works best for a child to master reading．While the whole language approach，which includes reading to children and getting them interested in both the activity of reading and the story they are reading，is helpful，phonics must be taught．Children must be taught that one of the squiggles they see is a"p"and another a"b"．Getting the print off the page requires a different ability than being able to understand the meaning of what is written．79．You can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children．Besides reading to them，parents can start"eartraining"their child by playing rhyme games．This develops the child's ability to recognize different sounds．In reading to children，parents also can point to words as they go，teaching the child that the funny lines on the page are the words you are saying．All this should be a fun activity．80．Once a child is in school，the learning of reading is inevitably more serious．For children who have some kind of reading difficulty，you must get a professional diagnosis．While the teacher might say the child is merely disinterested but will get over it，disinterest or poor performance in reading can stem from a number of things，some being very specific learning disabilities that can be identified and worked on．But it is very tricky for parents to deal with their own child's learning disabilities．．Directions：Read the passage carefully.Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.81．（8分）While contact between adolescents （between the ages of fifteen and nineteen）and their peers （同龄人）is a universal characteristic of all cultures，the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal．In American contemporary society，adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults．This pattern of age segregation（隔离）in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society．Changes in the workplace separated children from adults，with adults working and children attending school．The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults．School reform efforts during the nineteenth century，which resulted in age﹣segregated schools and grades，have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children．Finally，the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture．From 1955 to 1975，theadolescent population increased dramatically，from 11 percent to 20.9 percent．This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size．Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers．Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents'daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity．In a typical week，high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults．This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence．In sixth grade，adults （excluding parents）account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks．Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous （自治的）function．While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents，adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so．（Note：Answer t．he quesnons or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS．）81．"This pattern of age segregation"refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from82．Besides changes in the workplace，are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture．83．When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults？84．How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups？．Translation Directions：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.85．（4分）她五年前开始拉小提琴．（play）．86．（4分）由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时．（owing）．87．（4分）每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验．（stand）．88．（4分）能否抵御网络游戏的诱惑是摆在中学生面前的一道难题．（It）．89．（4分）在展览会上，公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具．（demonstrate）．Guided Writing90．（20分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．上周一，你在一所小学观摩了小女孩Amy所在班级的两堂绘画课（如图所示），回家后你用英语写了一篇日记，内容包括：●对两堂绘画课的具体描述；●你从中获得的启发．．2012年上海市高考英语试卷参考答案与试题解析I、Directions：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）（2012•上海）A．At a library．B．At a hotel．C．At a bank．D．At an airport．【分析】略【解答】1．B2．（1分）（2012•上海）A．Relaxed．B．Annoyed．C．Worried．D．Satisfied．【分析】略【解答】2．C3．（1分）（2012•上海）A．Doctor and patient．B．Shop owner and customer．C．Secretary and boss．D．Receptionist and guest．【分析】略【解答】3．B4．（1分）（2012•上海）A．He would have thrown $300around．B.300is not enough for the concert．C．Sandy shouldn't have given that much．D．Dave must be mad with the money．【分析】略【解答】4．C5．（1分）（2012•上海）A．She lives close to the man．B．She changes her mind at last．C．She will turn to her manager．D．She declines the man's offer．【分析】略【解答】5．D6．（1分）（2012•上海）A.2B.3C.4D.5．【分析】略【解答】6．B7．（1分）（2012•上海）A．Both of them drink too much coffee．B．The woman doesn't Like coffee at all．C．They help each other stop drinking coffee．D．The man is uninterested in the woman's story．【分析】略【解答】7．A8．（1分）（2012•上海）A．He doesn't．mind helping the woman．B．He hesitates whether to help or not．C．He'll help if the woman doesn't mindD．He can't help move the cupboard．【分析】略【解答】8．D9．（1分）（2012•上海）A．He's planning to find a new job．B．He prefers to keep his house in a mess．C．He's too busy to clean his houseD．He has already cleaned his new house．【分析】略【解答】9．C10．（1分）（2012•上海）A．She doesn't agree with the man．B．She is good at fmding a place to stay．C．She could hardly find the truth．D．She had no travel expei/ence in Britain．【分析】略【解答】10．AII、Directions：In Section B，you will hear two short passages，and youwill be asked three questions on each of the passages.The passages will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the besta nswer to the question you have heard.11．（6分）（2012•上海）Questions 11through 13are based on the following passage 11．A．Use the company's equipment．。

主备人：王雪 上课时间： 课型： 总课时： Teaching Content : Comic strip and Welcome to the unit Teaching aims: A: Knowledgeobjects: To recognize the names of different colours B. Ability?object: To recognize the colours of the rainbow and the order of the colours[ C: Moralobject： To encourage students to show love to those in need Main points and difficult points: To master the new words and phrases 自学探究 1．Do you know how many colours there are in a rainbowCan you write them down in order? 2. Try to fill in the blanks according to the dialogue Eddie wants to ________ clothes. Hobo brings him two clothes, one is ________, the other is _______. Eddie thinks he _______ ________ wear _______ than ________ because _______ is a girl’s colour. Hobo says there is _______ wrong ________ pink and helps Eddie put on a blue _______. Eddie feels shy but Hobo says blue _______ good ______ him. 3.Listen to the tape several times,read the dialogue by yourselves and try to recite it. 4. Can you understand the following sentences: 1) I’d rather wear blue than pink. 2) There’s nothing wrong with pink.? ? 3) Blue looks good on you.? 4) Do you know how many colors there are in a rainbow? 二、你能做到吗？ ?Act out the dialogue on Page 24 and the dialogue on Page 25 and try to make similar ones. 三、请你关注1. would rather do sth than (do) sth2.There is nothing wrong with …=Nothing is wrong with …. 3.Blue looks good on you .=You look good in blue. Teaching procedures: Step1. Warming up Ask students what colours they like, then let them talk about their partner’s favourite colours. Step2. Presentation 1.Ask students what colour Eddie likes, then let them listen to the tape and find out the answer to this question 2. Check the answer. Students read the dialogue between Eddie and Hobo, then the teacher explain some key points： （1）one 代词，意为“一个（件，快……）”，代替可数名词的单数。

2012年上海卷高考真题英语试卷-学生用卷一、单项选择1、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第1题2019~2020学年10月黑龙江哈尔滨香坊区哈尔滨市第六中学高三上学期月考第54题1分passion, people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.A. ForB. WithoutC. BeneathD. By2、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第2题Is honesty the best policy? We that it is when we are little.A. will teachB. teachC. are taughtD. will be taught3、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第3题As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn't allowed into the sports club.A. goingB. to goC. goD. gone4、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第4题The new law states that people drive after drinking alcohol.A. wouldn'tB. needn'tC. won'tD. mustn't5、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第5题Only with the greatest of luck to escape from the rising flood waters.A. managed sheB. she managedC. did she manageD. she did manage6、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第6题—I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.—I know. By next month, he enough for a used one.A. will have savedB. will be savingC. has savedD. saves7、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第7题When he took his gloves off, I noticed that one had his name written inside.A. eachB. everyC. otherD. another8、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第8题I have a tight budget for the trip, so I'm not going to fly the airlines lower ticket prices.A. onceB. ifC. afterD. unless9、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第9题2019~2020学年10月黑龙江哈尔滨香坊区哈尔滨市第六中学高三上学期月考第47题1分When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble the right things to say.A. thinking ofB. to think ofC. thought ofD. think of10、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第10题There is much truth in the idea kindness is usually served by frankness.A. whyB. whichC. thatD. whether11、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第11题2017~2018学年广东深圳宝安区深圳市第七高级中学高一下学期期中第44题1分Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from you received gifts?B. themC. thatD. whom12、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第12题2017~2018学年1月广东深圳龙岗区深圳科学高中高二上学期月考第64题0.5分The club,25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.A. foundedB. foundingC. being foundedD. to be founded13、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第13题2017~2018学年广东深圳南山区北大附中深圳南山分校高一下学期期中第2题0.5分— We've only got this small bookcase.Will that do?— No,I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. Which14、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第14题2017~2018学年黑龙江大庆萨尔图区大庆实验中学高二下学期期中第69题1分—Was it by cutting down staff she saved the firm?—No, it was by improving work efficiency.A. whenC. howD. that15、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第15题"Genius" is a complicated concept,_____ many different factors.A. involvedB. involvingC. to involveD. being involved16、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第16题The map is one of the best tools a man has_______he goes to a new place.A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. However二、选词填空17、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第17题Filmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn, ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas, according to the Food Standard Agency.Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made1, the nutrition inspector said.Tim Smith, chief ex­ecutive of the agency, told The 77mes that cinemas should help to deal with the country's overweight2."There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is notthe case. It isa3to us, " he said. "Portion sizes are also a big issue, and there seems to be increasingly big packs on sale."He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manager, Wimpey andThe RealGreek4to put calorie counts on all their menus.A trial scheme（试行方案）with 21 food companies took place last summer,and5are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realised the number of calories in a product.A consultation（征询意见）on the trial ends next month but Mr Smith is already planning the second drive for American-style calorie counts and is6to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls.Government7suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight. If trends are not8, this could rise to almostnine in ten adults and two thirds of children by 2050, putting them at9risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases.A. maintainedB. seriousC. indicationsD. figuresE. anxiousF. concernG. crisisH. decidedI. availableJ. reversed三、完形填空18、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第18题2020~2021学年天津和平区天津市第一中学高一下学期期末第31~45题15分(每题1分)People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. Inanother1, subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble （绊脚）and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birth mark onhis2;sometimes he did not. In this situation, thevictim was more likelyto3aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark.In4these and other research findings, twothemesare5: we are more willing to help people we likefor some reason and people we think6assistance.In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely toreceiveaid.7, in a field study researchers placed a completed application tograduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready tobe8, but had apparently been "lost" . The photo attached to theapplication was sometimes that of a very9person and sometimes that of a lessattractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who foundthe envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were morelikely to10the application if theperson in the photo was physically attractive.The degree of11between the potential helper and the person in need is also important.For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearinga(n)12T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.Whether a person receives help depends in parton the "worth" of the case. For example, shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone .13to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for14than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be15rather than drunk.A. studyB. wayC. wordD. collegeA. handB. armC. faceD. backA. refuseB. begC. loseD. receiveA. challengingB. recordingC. understandingD. publishingA. importantB. possibleC. amusingD. missingA. seekB. deserveC. obtainD. acceptA. At firstB. Above allC. In additionD. For exampleA. printedB. mailedC. rewrittenD. signedA. talentedB. good-lookingC. helpfulD. hard-workingA. send inB. throw awayC. fill outD. turn downA. similarityB. friendshipC. cooperationD. contactA. expensiveB. plainC. cheapD. strangeA. timeB. instructionsC. moneyD. chancesA. shoppersB. researchC. childrenD. healthA. talkativeB. handsomeC. calmD. sick四、阅读理解19、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第19题2015~2016学年11月辽宁沈阳和平区东北育才中学高一下学期月考第1~4题8分Phil White has just returned from an 18, 000-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money for charity, which he did. He raised ＄70, 000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White's second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than 1, 300 hours in the saddle（车座） and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road.The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up to 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a head wind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For 1, 000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work anddepressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr. White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.(1) When Phil White returned from his trip, he.A. broke the world recordB. collected money for OxfamC. destroyed several bikesD. travelled about 1, 300 hours(2) What does the word "epic" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?A. Very slow but exciting.B. Very long and difficult.C. Very smooth but tiring.D. Very lonely and depressing.(3) During his journey around the world, Phil White.A. fought heroically against robbers in IranB. experienced the extremes of heat and coldC. managed to ride against the wind in AustraliaD. had a team of people who travelled with him(4) Which of the following words can best describe Phil White?A. Imaginative.B. Patriotic.C. Modest.D. Determined.20、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷（B篇）第20~22题The value-packed, all-inclusive sight-seeing package that combines the best of Sydney's harbour, city, bay and beach highlights.A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses: the'red' Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights wlrile the'blue' Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays andfamous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbour cru/ses（游船）. You can also travel free onregular Sydney Buses, Sydney Ferries or CityRail services （limited area）, so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour, sampling the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass. Wherever you decide to go, remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on afirst in, first seated basis.Sydney Passes are available for 3, 5 0r 7 days for use over a 7 calendar day period. With a3 or 5 day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All Sydney Passes include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 0r 7 days, and Lhe return trip is valid （育效的） for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used.Sydney Pass Fares*A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under ~6 ye rs.Children under 4 years travel free.**A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family.(1) A SydneyPass doesn7t offer unlimited rides onA. the Explorer BusesB. the harbour cruisesC. regular Sydney BusesD. City Rail services(2) With a Sydney Pass, a traveller can.A. save fares from and to the airportB. take the Sydney Explorer to beachesC. enjoy the famous seafood for freeD. reserve seats easily in a restaurant(3) If 5-day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague and her children, aged 3, 6 and 10, what would the lowest cost be?A. ＄225.B. ＄300.C. ＄360.D. ＄420.21、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第21题CResearchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles(UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same "fight-or-flight" reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physicalconflict （"fight"）, or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation （"flight"）. However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called"tend and befriend." That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young （"tend"）, and by looking for social contact and support from others - especially other females（'befriend"）.Scientists have long known that in the fight-or-flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones（激素） released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that"animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious." While men also secrete（分泌）oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far. more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace andquiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-be friend regulatory（调节的）system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.(1) The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to______.A. turn to friends for helpB. solve a conflict calmlyC. find an escape from realityD. seek comfort from children(2) Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?A. Men have the same level of oxytocinas women do.B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.(3) What can be learned from the passage?A. Male hormones help build up the body's resistance to stress.B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.(4) Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. How men and women get over stressB. How men and women suffer from stressC. How researchers overcome stressproblemsD. How researchers handle stress-relateddisorders五、信息匹配22、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第22题1.Learning to read early has become one of those indicators - in parents' minds at least—that their child is smart. In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically. Research has shown that difficulty with reading is often due not to inferior intelligence but to differences in the developmental wiring of each individual child. In some cases, there are neurological problems and developmental lags that can be overcome with proper training.2.Traditionally, American schools teach children at age six, but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre-kindergarten. If parents start too early to encourage reading, and a child does not immediately succeed, the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace.3.Over the years, research has proved that the use of both "the whole language" method and the "phonic" method works best for a child to master reading. While the whole language approach, which includes reading to children and getting them interested in both the activity of reading and the story they are reading, is helpful, phonics must be taught. Children must be taught that one of the squiggles they see is a "p" and another a "b". Getting the print off the page requires a different ability than being able to understand the meaning of what is written.4.You can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children. Besides reading to them, parents can start"ear training" their child by playing thyme games. This develops the child's ability to recognize different sounds. In reading to children, parents also can point to words as they go, teaching the child that the funny lines on the page are the words you are saying. All this should be a fun activity.5.Once a child is in school, the learning of reading is inevitably more serious. For children who have some kind of reading difficulty, you must get a professional diagnosis. While the teacher might say the child is merely disinterested but will get over it, disinterest or poor performance in reading can stem from a number of things, some being very specific learning disabilities that can be identified and worked on. But it is very tricky for parents to deal with their own child's learning disabilities.A. When a child should learn to readB. Why it is fun to teach a child readingC. What if a child has reading problemsD. How you prepare a young child for readingE. What is the best way to teach a child readingF. Whether reading early promises later achievements六、任务型阅读23、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第23~26题Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.This pattern of age segregation（隔离） in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 to 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from11 percent t0 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents' daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous （白治的）function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.（Note: Answer t.he questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.）(1) "This pattern of age segregation" refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from.(2) Besides changes in the workplace,are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture.(3) When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?(4) How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups?七、翻译24、【来源】 2012年高考真题上海卷第24题Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.(1) 她五年前开始拉小提琴。

普通高校春季招生统一文化考试英语试卷第I卷（共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.Cheese cake. B.Pie and ice cream. C.Chocolate cake. D.Ice cream.2. A.She can’t see the museum. B.Her glasses are wrong.C.She loses her glasses.D.She can’t see the time on the sign.3. A.Glad. B.Surprised. C.Moved. D.Doubtful.4. A.She works as a librarian. B.She likes killing time by browsing books.C.She lives near the library.D.She felt being at home in the library.5. A.He is going to ski this afternoon.B.He will probably not go skiing this afternoon.C.He doubts that the weather will be bad.D.He will go skiing if the weather is bad.6. A.His brother ate the food all. B.His brother did some cleaning to the fridge.C.His brother took out all the food.D.His brother liked food very much.7. A.She suggests not going to the concert.B.She suggests changing to another day.C.She suggests changing the nephew’s T-shirt.D.She suggests that the man change his T-shirt.8. A.He would drive the woman to school right now.B.He would send the woman’s car to a repair shop.C.He would go to the clinic first.D.He would lend his car to the woman.9. A.She doesn’t agree with the man.B.She doesn’t understand what the man means.C.She thinks psychologists are wrong.D.She has no idea what psychologists have done.10. A.She took part in the show,too. B.She had a good time at the show.C.She watched just part of the show.D.She was clear of the whole thing.Section BDirections: In Section B,you will hear two passages and one longer conversation.After each passage or conversation,you will be asked several questions.The passages and conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the fourpossible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A.A handbag with an explosive device. B.An unknown handbag.C.An explosive device.D.An explosive handbag.12. A.They should leave the seats as soon as possible.B.They should make their way out quietly and orderly.C.They only need to care for themselves.D.They should make their way out by exit 2.13. A.In a shopping mall. B.At a supermarket.C.In a theater.D.In a children’s garden.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A.A television set. B.A remote control. C.A screen. D.An aid substractor.15. A.She likes watching advertisements with loud volume.B.She uses the remote control to reduce the volume sometimes.C.She made the invention all by herself.D.She invented the telephone answering machine.16. A.It must be attached to the back of the remote control.B.She must preset the volume each time she turns on the TV.C.The remote control must always be pointed directly at the TV set.D.The volume must be set twice of the program.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A.It’s about the steps in making a speech. B.It’s about the importance of speech.C.It’s about how to get a good grade.D.It’s about the importance of the listeners.18. A.The influence of the speech. B.The listeners of the speech.C.The subject of the speech.D.The purpose of the speech.19. A.Entertainment. B.Audience. anizing thoughts. D.Grade.20. A.Write down whatever comes to mind. rm the audience about the subject.C.Make the audience laugh.D.Think of the listeners.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.“Zootopia” Broke Disney RecordsLast weekend,the latest Disney movie, “Zootopia”,broke records.The movie had the largest opening weekend for a Disney animation(动画片).People across the United States bought more than $75 million worth of tickets.“Zootopia” is a city of animals.The movie stars a rabbit police officer and a fox criminal (21)__________ team up to find a missing otter(水濑).He is among several animals that have suddenly disappeared from the city.“Zootopia” (22)__________ (praise) for its sharp humor and strong message since its release.The film explores racism and other issues in its description of relations (23)__________two kinds of animals in the city.Jared Bush and Phil Johnston wrote “Zootopia”.They told reporteres that it started out as a spy movie (24)__________ (set) in several different contexts.But they changed the story (25)__________ they found the animal world especially interesting.They said to (26)__________ something like this.“What’s this world like?What’s the history of this world?”And then,Bush said,they went to the experts.Not only (27)__________ the writers speak with people who study couture(时装) and group behaviour,but also they talked with animal experts like zookeepers.The creators have noted that the variety of animals was not easy (28)__________ (produce) in drawings.In the movie,64 species live in multiple neighborhoods (29)__________ (represent) different animals’ living environments.Disney says “Zootopia” is its (30)__________ (complex) animation yet.The extra effort is certainly paying off at the box office.Section BDirections: After reading the passage below,fill in each blank with a proper word given in theDoes “qaz2ws” strike you as a nice safe password?What bout “adgjmptw”?An analysis has found them to be among the passwords that are most (31)__________ used,which of course means they are not secure at all.When ten million passwords were leaked on to the internet,they appeared to (32)__________ that attempts by internet security experts to make us improve our password strength had been successful,even if,in the specific case of the leaked passwords,they are also completely pointless. While many of the passwords were still single words,such as “password”,there was also a clear attempt by many to make them harder to (33)__________.The problem was that people seemed to do so in the same way.“Users are becoming slightly more (34)__________ of what makes a password strong,” explained WP Engine,an internet company that performed the analysis. “For instance,adding a number or two at the end of a text phrase.That makes it better,right?”But (35)__________ no.They found that almost half a million passwords did this—and in 20 percent of those all people did was put the number “1” at the end.Perhaps this is why some companies are now trying to move gradually beyond passwords.Yahoo is giving users the option to associate their mobile phone with an account,had have a single use-passwords texted to it each time they want to (36)__________ on.Although the services is voluntary,Dylan Casey,an executive at Yahoo,said that it was “the first step to (37)__________ passwords”.He said it was a(n) (38)__________ that it was increasingly hard for people to remember all the passwords they had. “I don’t think we,as an industry,have done a good enough job of putting ourselves in the shoes of the people using our products,”he said.It would certainly be a more sensible strategy than same people’s improving upon “password” by using “password” or,tran5p053d unmb3r5 f0r 13tt3r5.“We are,for the most part,predictably (39)__________ when it comes to choosing passwords,despite a decade of warnings from password strength checkers during sign-ups,”saidWP Engine. “We love taking a(n) (40)__________,and so do password crackers.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ever been just about to call someone when the phone rings and the person in question is on the other end?Or have you experienced a sudden feeling of unease or danger even though you’re in a(n) (41)__________ situation?If you don’t believe in it,you’ll put it down to (42)__________ and on overactive imagination.But some people believe it is (43)__________ that there is a sixth sense beyond smell,taste,touch,hearing and sight.Now,scientists are carrying out experiments not only to prove that it exists,but also to find out how you can (44)__________ it to your advantage.Dean Radin,a researcher in California,has set up the Boundary Institute in Los Altos and is currently using its website to recruit(招募) 4,000 people in 57 countries to find out if there are any (45)__________ instances of sixth sense or,as he calls it, “precognition”—the ability to predict outcomes.The results so far are (46)__________.In a card test,where you have to (47)__________ which of the five cards on a computer screen will be turned over to reveal a picture,the top scorers hit the right card 48% of the time—the (48)__________ of this happening are 2,669 to 1.(49)__________,Radin’s most famous study involves participants looking at a variety of images that are designed to stimulate a specific responses.In the experiment,participants sit alone in a room in front of a computer,with are measures of emotional arousal.Radin has found that one in six people has a rise in arouse before they see the road accident-type pictures,while remaining (50)__________ before the tree-type pictures.But even if you do accept that a sixth sense exists,the question is,does it actually (51)__________?Radin says it does. “the future of our civilization depends on (52)__________ that are being made now,whether it’s about how we farm our food,how we get rid of our waste or whether we allow chemicals to be included in everyday products.We don’t have answers to these important questions,yet what we decide on will (53)__________ our lives for decades or longer.Anything we can do to improve our ability to predict future events is well worth the (54)__________,”he says. “If it turns out that some people can genuinely forecast the future some of the time,as I believe the data shows,then (55)__________ this ability is as important as cutting-edge science.”41. A.unfamiliar B.tough C.harmless D.ridiculous42. A.coincidence B.resistance C.innovation D.distraction43. A.mystery B.evidence C.falsehood D.innocence44. A.alter B.define C.find e45. A.historical B.strange C.mistaken D.true46. A.extraordinary B.inevitable C.alarming D.disappointing47. A.ask B.guess C.recall D.learn48. A.figures B.methods C.scores D.chance49. A.However B.Otherwise C.Meanwhile D.Consequently50. A.active B.calm C.silent D.alert51. A.serve any purpose B.take any advantage C.make any progress D.win any support52. A.inquiries B.decisions C.donations parisons53. A.ruin B.improve C.affect D.involve54. A.expense B.risk C.effort D.wait55. A.proving B.challenging C.limiting D.understandingSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)What happens in a particular class on a particular day depends on the interactions that occur between the teacher,the students,and the material being studied.The classroom context,generally speaking,includes all those factors that influence what happens during teaching and learning.These factors operate on different levels.The physical context,for example,influences what happens in the classroom.Space may restrict participation,depending on how a teacher interprets the situation.Some teachers use their surroundings to promote learning.Notice boards reflect themes or topics being studies;a display area presents students’ written work for others to read.Of course,some teachers remain unaware of the physical environment that they and their students inhabit together.A room,after all,is just a room.Yet the physical environment of the classroom affects the nature and types of interactions that will occur.Straight rows of tables,for example,are favorable to classroom lectures and turn-taking routines in which students one by one,recite answers to a teacher’s questions.A room isn’t just a room for teachers who seek to make the physical environment suitable for interactive learning.Interactive learning invites thinking,reading,writing,speaking,listening,and sharing.Such classrooms are arranged for individuals rather than for the “class” as a whole;they welcome students as active participants.Various physical arrangements encourage interactive learning,but they depend on the size of the room and the furniture that is available.A class can be organized for individual,group,or whole-class activities.Students are initially assigned seats at a combination of small and large tables.However,when the students work individually or in groups,they are free to abandon the assigned seating.The chalkboard occupies a central position in the room to accommodate whole-class study.56.According to the passage,the physical context (paragraph 2) may include __________.A.teachers’ rolesB.themes being studiedC.a display areaD.student’s participation57.Which of the following is the most suitable for a classroom lecture?（此处应有图片）58.From the last paragraph,we can learn that __________.A.classrooms should be arranged for the class as a wholeB.the chalkboard should be abandoned during group workC.seating can be changed for different classroom activitiesD.interaction can be encouraged by combining small and large tables59.What is the passage mainly about?A.The physical classroom environment varies with different types of interaction.B.The physical environment is a deciding factor for a successful lesson.C.Interactive learning depends on individuals’ active involvement.D.Group work has become a trend in classroom teaching.Domestic orders placed by December 20 will arrive for Christmas.Overseas orders placed by December 9 will arrive for Christmas.Overnight orders placed by December 22 will arrive for Christmas for an addition fee.Framed orders(domestic or overseas) require additional time for delivery.About Our PaperWe use high-quality,acid-free papers or heavy weight Exhibition Gallery Canvas.Paper SizesPaper sizes are in inches.If an image’s dimensions(尺寸) don’t exactly match the paper’s dimensions there will be a wider margin on the narrowest side.The long edge on prints 34×47 and larger will vary depending on the dimensions of the photo and may be longer than the size listed.Custom(定制的)FramesWe’ve partnered with Simply Framed to offer high-quality custom frames made in the USA.Please allow an additional 3 weeks for delivery.Frames come in black or brown wooden finish and include protective paperback finish,wall bumpers,hanging hardware+nails,hanging and care instructions.Frames arrive gift-wrapped in brown paper.Framed sales are final.60.If you want to order a 17×22 print on canvas with a black frame,how much are you expectedto pay?A.$45.00USD.B.$70.00USD.C.$215.00USD. D.$285.00USD.61.If you hope your framed order will reach your friend in Germany for Christmas,you’d better place your order by __________.A.December 20B.December 9C.November 30D.November 1962.The above advertisement is mainly intended to promote __________.A.Painting exhibitionB.the sale of printsC.Germany as a romantic destinationD.high-quality custom frames(C)We’ve all heard the dangers of helicopter parenting.Remaining too involved in a kid’s life,especially throughout college,can lead to depression,lack of self-reliance and feelings of entitlement.This wisdom seems sound.But some academics and educators now say they see signs of a troubling resistance.The concern:that too much of warning and horror stories—the cover of Julie Lythcott-Haims’ bestseller How to Raise an Adult instructs moms and dads to avoid “the overparenting trap”—is discouraging parents from getting involved at all.“Yes,parents can be intruders,”says Marjorie Savage,a researcher in the University of Minnesota. “At the same time,there are increasing examples of parents refusing to step up when students genuinely need their family.”At Hofstra University,for example,parents now ask embarrassedly about mental-health and campus-safety resources,as if bringing up those topics were forbidden,says Branka Kristie,who heads the family-outreach programs.And Svage recalls talking to a mom who kept quiet about her son’s signs of depression until right before he failed a semester.She did not want to “helicopter in”That means colleges,which have spent the past decade learning to cope with parents who get too involved,now have a different problem.In recent years,hundreds of colleges have either launched or increased their parent offices,which serve as one-stop shops for moms and dads looking to make complaints,report problem and generally stay in touch.Much of this began,of course,because schools were forced to cope with a generation of students connected with their parents like never before.On average,they communicate 22.1 times per week,according to research from Barbara Hofer,a s=psychology professor at Middlebury College.That’s more than twice the rate of a decade ago,before almost every student had a smartphone.With some moms and dads thinking twice of contacting the school in the first place,some programs are being used to encourage a more balanced approach,often through email and other social media.Hofstra’s Kristic advises parents to “be a guide,while granting that the student owns the journey.”That means asking questions,listening to answers,being patient and trusting kids to resolve their own problems.But if issues persist,or if a student is in serious mental or physical danger,it also means hopping in the chopper,at least for a little while.63.In paragraph 3,parents of Hofstra University students are mentioned to __________.A.show that parents have gone to the other extreme of overparentingB.provide educators with a new understanding of overparentingC.give a further example of supportive overparentingD.place emphasis on the necessity of overparenting64.The phrase “hopping in the chopper” in the last paragraph refers to __________.A.having trust in kidsB.stepping in to solve kids’ problemsC.joining a family-outreach programD.turning to social media for help65.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Mental-health and campus-safety resources are sensitive topics among parents.B.How to Raise an Adult encourages parents to get engaged in family education.C.Overparenting is no longer a problem because of students’ self-reliance.D.There was less student-parent communication in the past than today.66.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.Why Colleges Need Helicopter Parents.B.How to Improve Parent-school Relations.C.Why Overparenting Is in Question.D.How to Communicate More as Parents.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.To some people,the idea of reading comic books seems childish.(67)__________ Comics are published globally,but Japanese and American versions dominate the market despite the fact—or perhaps because—they differ in a number of ways.(68)__________ American comics are a group effort, beginning with the story-writing team and the artist who produces drawings of initial ideas. When these drafts are finalized, the outlines,dialogue,and color are added.Also,creators of comic superheroes sometimes sell their titles to other creative teams,who keep the superhero “alive”.This is in sharp contrast to manga(日本漫画) creators,who are often individual authors merely responsible for the storylines,dialogue,and artwork.When a manga creator decides to stop,so does the hero.Another difference is the appearance of the heroes.(69)__________ Also,manga heroes rarely look Japanese,and the stories do not typically take place in a Japanese context.However,American comic heroes,despite their masks,are proudly American and are admired for their readiness to defend U.S. cities.Probably the biggest difference is the readership.Up until the 1950s,American comic books were read by both children and adults,with popular titles such as Superman selling as many as half a million copies per month.The arrival of TV,however,led to a decline in sales so that now theaverage reader of an American comic book is a teenage boy with an interest in superheroes.(70)__________ There manga sales are still booming,reaching as high as $7 billion each year largely because readers range from young boys and girls up to middle-aged men and women.Manga for men and boys,like the American comics,tend to be action-oriented,while manga for women and girls tend to be focused on relationships.I V. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.ShynessIf you suffer from shyness,you are not alone,for shyness is a universal phenomenon.It is not surprising that social scientists are exploring its environmental causes.The first environmental cause of shyness may be a child’s home and family life.Today’s children are growing up in smaller and smaller families,with fewer and fewer relatives living nearby.Growing up in homes in which both parents work full time,children may not have the socializing experience of frequent visits by neighbors and friends.Because of their lack of social skills,they may begin to feel shy when they start school.A second environmental cause of shyness in an individual may be one’s culture.In a large study conducted in Japan,57 percent of participants rated themselves as shy.Researchers Lynne Henderson and Philip Zimbardo say, “One explanation is that in Japan,an individual’s performance success is credited externally to parents,grandparents,teachers,coaches,and others,while failure is entirely blamed on the person.”Therefore,Japanese learn not to take risks i public and rely instead on group-shared decisions.Technology may also play a role.In the United States,the number of young people who report being shy has risen from 40 percent to 50 percent in recent years.Due to our huge advances in technology,watching television,playing video games,and surfing the Web have replaced recreational activities that involve social interaction for many young people.Adults,too,are becoming more isolated as a result of technology.Face-to-face interactions with bank clerks,gas station attendants,and shop assistants are no longer necessary because people can use machines to do their banning,fill their gas tanks,and order goods.In short,they become shy.It appears that most people have experienced shyness at some time in their lives.Therefore,if you are shy,you have lots of company.第II卷（共40分）V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.你不必在乎他人对你的评论。

2012 年上海市普通高中学业水平考试 (2)答案要点及评分标准 (9)2013 年上海市普通高中学业水平考试 (11)答案要点 (21)201 4 年上海市普通高中学业水平考试 (23)答案要点及评分标准 (31)2015 上海市高中学业水平考试 (34)2016 年上海市普通高中学业水平考试 (40)答案要点及评分标准 (49)2017 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（1 月份） (52)答案要点及评分标准 (62)2012 年上海市普通高中学业水平考试英语试卷I.Listening comprehension: (共10 分)Section A （共6 分，每小题2 分）Directions: In Section A, you will hear one short passage, and you will be asked three questions on the passages. The passage will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 1 through 3 are based on the following passage:1. A. Watch TV in the evening. B. Use the toilet inside the house.C. Cook food themselves.D. Wash their hair with shampoo.2. A. She felt completely bad about it. B. She thought life in the house was easy.C. She enjoyed everything there.D. She preferred to live a modern life.3. A. An old house. B. A happy family.C. A popular T V program.D. A modern lifestyle.Section B: （共4 分，每小题1 分）Directions: In Section B, you will hear one conversation. The conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 4 through 7 are based on the following conversation:Complete the form . Write ONE WORD for each blank.II.Grammar and Vocabulary: （共30 分）Section A: （共10 分，每小题1 分）8.In her short story, Helen described not her own experience, but writer’s.A. the othersB. anotherC. otherD. others9.As an English learner, the larger vocabulary you have, success you may achieve.A. the mostB. the moreC. moreD. most10.Since his arrival in England in 1979, he himself as a mayor.A. establishedB. had establishedC. has establishedD. was establishing11.Some birds have highly developed senses that enable them in the dark.A. flyB. to be flyingC. to flyD. flying12.You mustn’t smoke in here! You start a fire.A. couldB. mustC. shouldD. need13.I could hardly imagine in such a remote mountain village for months.A. to liveB. liveC. livingD. to have lived14.That’s the man photo is on the cover of the latest magazine.A. thatB. whoC. whereD. whose15.It is the Internet keeps us in constant touch with our offices in Asia.A. thatB. whoC. whereD. how16.The newly retired engineer is starting his further education my father did last year.A. ifB. whenC. onceD. as17.They have passed the law, but the question is they’re going to make the law work.A. whyB. howC. whatD. thatSection B (共10 分，每小题1 分)Directions: Read the text below. Use the word in the brackets to form a word that fits in the space.I use the Internet all the time, and I think it’s fantastic. But there is one thing I would be more18 (care) about doing in future. That’s booking a vacation online.I needed a vacation from work 19 (bad), so I decided to take a short break. I looked up some hotels on the Internet and found what looked like a great place for holidays. The pictures on the website looked 20 (amaze): sandy beaches, little houses that looked out over the sea, beachside dining; it was just what I needed. I went ahead and made a 21 (reserve) over the Internet. It was easy. Or so it seemed.When I got the hotel, I was shocked. The staff was rude and 22 (friendly). My house was old, in need of repair and was nowhere near the beach. To top it all of, the view of that 23 (gold) sandy beach was nowhere to be seen.If you are thinking of booking a holiday over the Internet, take my 24 (advise). Always be sure to call the hotel first and talk to the people before you reserve it. Also, check out some 25 (independence) websites that can give you 26 (accuracy) information about the area you’ll be staying in. Tourist association sites are the 27 (good) . If you’re still unsure, don’t book. If you can’t find what you’re looking for on the Net, book your vacation the old-fashioned way go visit a travel agency!Section C (共10 分，每小题1 分)Directions：For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Do you love to go shopping, but seem to spend all your hard-earned cash on just one or two items? If so, why 28 hunting around for cheaper, second-hand options? With a little time and patience, it’s possible to find some great 29 Take a look at the shopping alternativeswhich are not only lighter on your pocket, but also lots of fun!Car Boot (汽车后备箱) SalesPeople bring unwanted things to a car boot sale. There, in a large car park or on a schoolplaying field, they sell them or exchange them with other traders 30 something else. Anything from children’s toys to sports equipment can 31 at these sales.Second-hand shopsGood second-hand shops can be full of surprises and are often the 32 place to pick up a bargain! Many specialize in certain items such as rare books, designer clothes and old furniture . Always check things with care 33 you buy them as it may be difficult to exchange them or get the money back later.Charity ShopsPeople 34 used clothes , shoes, toys and other items to charity shops 35 you can usually buy them for next to nothing! The money often goes to help people who are hungry, homeless or who live in poor developing countries.Christmas Bazaars(义卖会)These are wonderful places to buy handmade gifts, Christmas decorations and second-hand items. The beauty of these bazaars is that all the money 36 usually goes to charity, so you can shop till you get tired knowing that it’s all for a good cause!So, next time you’re in the mood to shop, instead of using your credit card, head for “second-hand city”. You won’t be 37 !28.A. do not consider29.A. bargains B. not considerB. profitC. not to considerC. tradeD. no consideringD. costs30. A. to B. at C. for D. on31. A. turn up B. turn off C. turn out D. turn down32. A. tough B. rare C. perfect D. private33. A. before B. since C. unless D. though34. A. pass B. donate C. owe D. lend35. A. which B. what C. when D. where36. A. raising B. raised C. having raised D. raise37. A. shocked B. satisfied C. puzzled D. disappointedIII.Reading Comprehension (共30 分)Section A （共22 分，每小题2 分）Directions ：Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The day of my holiday arrived, but I wasn’t looking forward to it. I had little money and had only been able to afford to stay with my Aunt Rosa in Spain. So, I wasn’t really excited as I knew exactly what it was going to be like: lots of noisy cousins , and Aunt Rosa begging me to take her for a ride.After I had checked in, I made my way slowly to the departure gate. As I was waiting to board the plane, I kept thinking about my ideal holiday destination: Jamaica, with its long, sandy beaches and crystal clear water.As soon as the plane took off, I fell fast asleep and only woke to the sound of the announcement: “Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten you seat belts, as we will shortly be landing in Kingston.” I froze in my seat. Was I dreaming? Kingston? Jamaica? I had boarded the wrongplane!Immediately after the plane landed, I explained the situation to the authorities. It seems there were also three other passengers heading for Spain. Apparently it had been the airline’s fault, s ince the flight numbers for Spain and Jamaica were exactly the same! Therefore, with no flight back to London for a week, the airline had no choice but to pay for our stay.So there I was, lying on the beach, enjoying the music and the marvelous food of Jamaica! As for Aunt Rosa, I suppose she just had to live without me!38.Why did the writer choose to spend her holiday with her aunt in Spain?A. She missed her cousins very much.B. Her aunt begged her to go there.C. She could hardly afford any better trip.D. Spain was her ideal destination.39.In the story, the writer ended up .A. flying to London immediatelyB. heading for Spain from JamaicaC. complaining to the authorities D .enjoying a free beach holiday40.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. A Lucky MistakeB. A Terrible AdventureC. A Nice DreamD. A Well-Planned Trip(B)With the cost of college rising in the U.S., some students are washing their hands of the American education system, grabbing their passports, and seeking cheaper degrees abroad. The number of students doing so has increased 2 percent annually in recent years, according to the Department of Education.In 2009, Jessica Fuller, then 25, was employed at a small private university in Philadelphia as a clerk in an office. Bored with her job and becoming increasingly interested in healthcare industry, Fuller knew she would need a master’s degree in public hea lth for her dream career.At first, Fuller wanted a school in New York and Pennsylvania, but with many programs costing over $30,000 per year for tuition alone, she decided on an option she could better afford---- the Netherlands. A similar degree in health economics cost less than $ 17,000 for a one-year program.To finance her education at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, Fuller took out a $30,000 bank loan through her mother’s credit, which covered tuition and fees, as well as air travel and living expenses for her year abroad.The cost may be lower, but is the quality of education overseas just as good as an American university? Jessica Fuller says in her case, yes: she found a consulting job with Marsh Inc. as an International Knowledge Manager shortly after she graduated from Erasmus University, and says that the university ---and its location were definitely a factor.“Many Erasmus professors were world famous experts in their fields,” says Fuller. “Considering the variety of the students, the class d iscussions were very robust. Having an “international” advantage made a huge difference.”41.Why did Jessica Fuller want to study for a master’s degree?A.She could afford tuition at Erasmus University.B.Her job required more professional skills.C.She was bored with healthcare industry.D.Her interest was in public health.42.Jessica was able to go to Erasmus University by .A. using her own credit cardB. having a part-time jobC. getting a scholarship from the universityD. obtaining a loan from a bank43.The word “robust” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to “”.A. awkward and fruitlessB. strong and vigorousC. peaceful and pleasantD. brief and informal44.Jessica’s cas e shows that there is a tendency among U.S. students to .A. choose t study overseasB. look for jobs abroadC. seek education of higher qualityD. take one-year program( C )A lot of people today are used to working, going on holiday, and having money---but many of them aren’t happy. Yet other people seem to be really happy , even if they are poor. Why?Professor Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, from the University of Chicago, has interviewed thousands of people who have a happy life to find out how they do it. “I’ve been studying happiness for over 30 years,” he says. “My interest in the subject came from my own experience as a child during World War II , when I saw many adults destroyed by the terrible events. But there were always a few who kept their courage, helped others, and were able to give a sense of purpose and meaning to their lives. I wanted to find out how a person could build a fulfilling and enjoyable life.”In general, his research showed that people were unhappy doing nothing. The professor stresses that happy people didn’t waste time, either at work or when they are free. “Many people feel that the time they spend at work or at school is wasted. But often their free time is also wasted. Many people are used to doing passive things----watching television, for example without using any skills. As a result, life goes past in a series of boring experiences.”But it doesn’t have to be this way. The professor has found that people are happy when get into something he calls “flow”. When people get very involved in a task that they have chosen, and which is well-defined and challenging , they experience “flow”, a state where they don’t notice time passing.They also experience enjoyment. Professor Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, makes a contrast between enjoyment and pleasure. “I used to think they were the same thing but they’re not! Pleasure is a big bowl of ice cream, or taking a hot bath on a cold day nothing bad at all! But enjoyment is about doing something and achieving something. It isn’t really important what we do, it’s more important to do something, and feel positive about it, and to try to do it well.”People who are not used to happiness can learn how to be happy, says the professor, if they constantly get into “flow” states. Is happiness as easy as that? Perhaps it is.45.What did the professor want to find out through his research?A.The difference between enjoyment and pleasure.B.The secret of having a fulfilling and pleasant life.C.The real meaning and purpose of life.D.The way of passing the time enjoyably..46.When a person is in a “flow” state, he/she .A. is guilty about wasting timeB. feels stressed doing challenging jobsC. easily forgets what time it isD. has a strong desire to finish a boring task47.In which situation can people experience enjoyment according to the professor?A. When having afternoon tea.B. When taking a hot bath in winter.C. When watching a soap drama.D. When making a DIY gift for a friend.48.What can we learn from the passage?A.Pleasures add a sense of purpose and meaning to lives.B.Happiness results from engaging in meaningful tasks.C.Happy people often relax themselves by doing nothing.D.Happiness has much to do with living conditions.Section B ( 共8 分，每小题2 分)Directions：Read the following resumé (简历) and complete the statements that follow. Write one word or more in each space.Jane Smith1939 Norway StreetCleveland, OH 44101216/555-1234OBJECTIVETo obtain a position as a secretary based on my experience, abilities, and need to be challenged EDUCATIONTwo-year degree from Engstrand Technical College in office administration, 2011WORK EXPERINECEManders Insurance Company, assistant to the president, 2008-presentSKILLSAll general office dutiesTyping 60 words per minuteExtensive experience with Microsoft Word, Excel, Power PointGood oral and written communication skillsFluent in written and spoken SpanishAble to carry a conversation in basic French49.Jane Smith is applying for a job as a .50.Jane Smith got her degree while working for Company.51.Jane Smith is good at writing in .52.If Jane Smith is given a 3000-word article to type, it will take her minutes to finish it.IV.Writing: (共30 分)Section A （共6 分，每小题2 分）Directions ：Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English.53.He will no longer ( 依靠父母) since he has found a well-paid job.54.( 据报道) that about 70% of the company’s total production is exported.55.( 昨天向我借书的那个女孩) is one of the volunteers working for that clinic.Section B: ( 共9 分，56 小题4 分，57 小题5 分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.56.我们有足够的时间为即将到来的运动会做准备。

2012年上海市普通高等学校春季招生考试语文试卷一阅读（80分）（一）阅读下文，完成第1－6题。

（16分）①现代汉语，这里指的是现代汉民族共同语，即以北京语音为标准音、以北方话为基础方言、以典范的现代白话文著作为语法规范的普通话。

②统一汉语语音，必须以一个地点方言的语音作标准音，不能以虚拟出来的语音或者用各种方音拼凑起来的语音作标准音，也不能以北方整个地域的语音为标准音。

普通话以北京语音为标准音，每个汉字的北京话读音是确定的，这样各方言区的人才能有所依据。

多少年来，话剧、电影和广播等大都采用北京语音。

北京语音的标准地位，早已为人们所公认。

③北方方言分布的地域最大，使用北方话的人口最多。

自十三世纪以来，北方话词汇就随着“官话”和白话文学传播开来，因而它在全国有极大的普遍性。

尤其是建国以来，由于政治的统一，经济的繁荣，教育的普及，交通的发展，各地人民接触的频繁，再加上报纸杂志、文学作品以及广播影视的影响，北方话词汇的传播就更加深入、更加广泛了。

④普通话以典范的现代白话文著作为语法规范。

所谓“典范的著作”，是指具有广泛代表性的著作，例如现代许多著名作家的作品，以及经过许多人反复推敲定稿的文件，如《中华人民共和国宪法》。

这些著作在语言规范的巩固和发展上能起一定作用。

所谓“现代白话文著作”，就是说，这种著作是白话的，同时又是现代的，因为语言在不断发展，早期白话文作品有些地方已同现代语法不合了。

“语法规范”还必须是典范的现代白话文著作中的“一般的用例”，也就是最具有普遍性的用例。

⑤现代汉语的形成，经历了一个复杂的过程。

⑥现代汉语是在近古汉语的基础上形成的。

从近古汉语的历史发展中可以看到，宋元以后有两种明显的趋势在北方话的基础上出现：一种表现在书面语方面，就是白话文学的产生和发展；一种表现在口语方面，就是。

⑦汉民族在历史上长期用“文言”作为统一的书面语。

这种书面语最初必定是建立在口语基础上的，但是后来与口语的距离越来越远，学习起来非常困难，能够使用的人只占上海市教育考试院保留版权语文2012春第 1 页（共12页）全民中的极少数。

上海英语试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第1卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

第1卷（共105分）I . Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a library. B. At a hotel. C. At a bank. D. At an airport.2. A. Relaxed. B. Annoyed. C. Worried. D. Satisfied3. A. Doctor and patient. B. Shop owner and customer.C. Secretary and boss.D. Receptionist and guest.4. A. He would have thrown $300 around. B. $300 is not enough for the concert.C. Sandy shouldn't have given that much.D. Dave must be mad with the money5. A. She lives close to the man. B. She changes her mind at last.C. She will turn to her manager.D. She declines the man's offer.6．A.2 B.3． C.4．D．57. A. Both of them drink too much coffee.B. The woman doesn't Like coffee at all.C. They help each other stop drinking coffee.D. The man is uninterested in the woman's story8. A. He doesn't. mind helping the woman.B. He hesitates whether to help or not.C. He'll help if the woman doesn't mindD. He can't help move the cupboard.9. A. He's planning to find a new job.B. He prefers to keep his house in a mess.C. He's too busy to clean his houseD. He has already cleaned his new house,10. A. She doesn't agree with the man.B. She is good at fmding a place to stay.C. She could hardly find the truth.D. She had no travel expei/ence in Britain.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage11. A. Use the company's equipment. B. Give orders to robotsC. Make decisions for the company.D. Act as Big Brother.12. A. Employees gain full freedom. B. Employees suspect one another.C. Employees' children are happy.D. Employees enjoy working there.13. A. Reward. B. Safety. C. Trust. D. HonestyQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage14. A. Canada had a smaller population. B. Land was cheaper in Canada.C. They wanted to continue the Revolution.D. They were against Britain.15. A. They standardized Canadian English.B. They settled there after the Revolution.C. They enjoy a very high social position.D. They make up a small part of the population16. A. It is considered unique to some extent. B. It is greatly influenced by French.C. It is mainly linked to British culture.D. It dates back to the late 17th century.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. passion, people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.A.For .B.WithoutC.BeneathD.By26. Is honesty the best policy? We _ that it is when we are little.A. will teachB. teachC. are taughtD. will be taught27. As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn't allowed into the sports club.A. goingB. to goC. goD. gone28. The new law states that people _ drive after drinking alcohol.A. wouldn'tB. needn'tC. won'tD. mustn't29. Only with the greatest ofluck _ to escape from the rising flood waters.A. managed sheB. she managedC. did she manageD. she did manage30. - I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.-I know. By next month, he _ enough for a used one.A. will have savedB. will be savingC. has savedD. saves31. When he took his gloves off, I noticed that one had his name written inside.A. eachB. everyC. otherD. another32. I have a tight budget for the trip, so I'm not going to fly _ the airlines lower ticket prices.A. onceB.ifC. afterD. unless33. When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble _ the right things to say.A. thinking ofB. to think ofC. thought ofD. think of .34. There is much truth in the idea _ kindness is usually served by frankness.A. whyB. whichC. thatD. whether35. Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from _ _ you received gifts?A. whichB. themC.thatD. whom36. The club, _ _ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.A. foundedB. foundingC. being foundedD. to be founded37. - Was it by cutting down staff _ _she saved the firm?- No, it was by improving work efficiency.A.whenB.whatC.howD.that38. - We've only got this small bookcase. Will that do?- No, _ _ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which39. "Genius" is a complicated concept, _ _ many different factors.A.involvedB.involving ,C.toinvolveD.beinginvolved40. The map is one of the best tools a man has _ _ he goes to a new place.A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. howeverSection BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. maintainedB. seriousC. indicationsD. figuresE. anxiousF. concern G crisis H. decided I. available J. reversedFilmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn, ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas, according to the Food Standard Agency.Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made 41 , the nutrition inspector said.Tim Smith, chief executive of the agency, told The 77mes that cinemas should help to deal with the country's overweight 42 ."There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case. It is a 43 to us," he said. "Portion sizes are also a big issue, and there seems to be increasingly big packs on sale."He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger, Wimpey and The Real Greek 44 to put calorie counts on all their menus.A trial scheme（试行方案）with 21 food companies took place last summer, and 45 are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realised the number of calories in a product.A consultation(征询意见) on the trial ends next month but Mr Smith is already planning the second drive for American-style calorie counts and is 46 to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls.Government 47 suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight. If trends are not 48 , this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirds of children by 2050, putting them at 49 risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fillin each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another 50 , subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble（绊脚）and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his 51 ; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely t0 52 aid if his facewas spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In 53 these and other research findings,two themes are 54 : we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think _ 55 _ assistance.In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. 56 , in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be 57 , but had apparently been "lost" . The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 58 person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to 59 the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.The degree of _ 60 between the potential helper and the person in need is also important.For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) 61 T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.Whether a person receives help depends in part on the "worth" of the case. For example,shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone . 62 _ to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for 63 than cookies.Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be 64 rather than drunk.50. A.study B.way C.word D.college51. A. hand B. arm C. face D. back52. A.refuse B.beg C.lose D.receive53. A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing54. A.important B. possible C. amusing D. missing55. A.seek B.deserve C.obtain D.accept56. A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example57. A.printed B.mailed C.rewritten D.signed58. A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hard-working59. A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down60. A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact61. A.expensive B.plain C.cheap D.strange62. A.time B.instructions C.money D.chances63. A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health64. A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sickSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Phil White has just returned from an 18,OOO-mile, around-the-world bicycle trip. White had two reasons for making this epic journey. First of all, he wanted to use the trip to raise money forcharity, which he did. He raised ~70,000 for the British charity, Oxfam. White's second reason for making the trip was to break the world record and become the fastest person to cycle around the world. He is still waiting to find out if he has broken the record or not.White set off from Trafalgar Square, in London, on 19th June 2004 and was back 299 days later. He spent more than l,300 hours in the saddle（车座）and destroyed four sets of tyres and three bike chains. He had the adventure of his life crossing Europe, the Middle East, India, Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Americas. Amazingly, he did all of this with absolutely no support team. No jeep carrying food, water and medicine. No doctor. Nothing! Just a bike and a very, very long road.The journey was lonely and desperate at times. He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains. He cycled through heavy rains and temperatures of up t0 45 degrees, all to help people in need. There were other dangers along the road. In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life and the little money he had. The worst thing that happened to him was having to cycle into a headwind on a road that crosses the south of Australia. For l,000 kilometres he battled against the wind that was constantly pushing him. This part of the trip was slow, hard work and depressing, but he made it in the end. Now Mr.White is back and intends to write a book about his adventures.65. When Phil White returned from his trip, he _.A. broke the world recordB. collected money for OxfamC. destroyed several bikesD. travelled about l,300 hours66. What does the word "epic" in Paragraph l most probably mean?A. Very slow but exciting.B. Very long and difficult.C. Very smooth but tiring.D. Very lonely and depressing.67. During his journey around the world, Phil White _ .A. fought heroically against robbers in IranB. experienced the extremes of heat and coldC. managed to ride against the wind in AustraliaD. had a team of people who travelled with him68. Which of the following words can best describe Phil White?A. Imaginative.B. Patriotic.C. Modest.D. Determined.(B)The value-packed, all-inclusivesight-seeing package thatcombines the best of Sydney'sharbour, city, bay and beachhighlights.A SydneyPass gives you unlimited and flexible travel on the Explorer Buses: the 'red' Sydney Explorer shows you around our exciting city sights wlrile the 'blue' Bondi Explorer visits Sydney Harbour bays and famous beaches. Take to the water on one of three magnificent daily harbour cru/ses(游船). You can also travel free on regular Sydney Buses,Sydney Ferries or CityRail services (limited area), so you can go to every corner of this beautiful city.Imagine browsing at Darling Harbour, sampling the famous seafood at Watsons Bay or enjoying the city lights on an evening ferry cruise. The possibilities and plans are endless with a SydneyPass.Wherever you decide to go, remember that bookings are not required on any of our services so tickets are treated on a first in, first seated basis.SydneyPasses are avai-lable for 3, 5 0r 7 days for use over a 7 calendar day period. With a 3 or 5 day pass you choose on which days out of the 7 you want to use it. All SydneyPasses include a free Airport Express inward trip before starting your 3, 5 0r 7 days, and Lhe return trip is valid (育效的) for 2 months from the first day your ticket was used.SydneyPass Fares*A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under ~6 ye rs. Children under 4 years travel free.**A family is defined as 2 adults and any number of children from 4 to under 16 years of age from the same family.69. A SydneyPass doesn7t offer unlimited rides onA. the Explorer BusesB. the harbour cruisesC. regular Sydney BusesD. CityRail services70. With a SydneyPass, a traveller can _.A. save fares from and to the airportB. take the Sydney Explorer to beachesC. enjoy the famous seafood for freeD. reserve seats easily in a restaurant71. If 5-day tickets were to be recommended to a mother who travelled with her colleague andher children, aged 3, 6 and 10, what would the lowest cost be?A. $225.B. $300.C. $360.D. $420.(C)Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same "fight-or-flight" reaction to stress. In other words, individuals eicher react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict ("fight"), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation ("flight"). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called "tend and befriend." That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young ("tend"), and by looking for social contact and support from others - especially other females 《'befriend").Scientists have long known that in the fight-or- flight reaction to stress, an important role isplayed by certain hormones(澈素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin,has been studied in the context of cFuldbirt.h, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor,explained that "animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious." While men also secrete【分泌）oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far. more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory(调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.72. The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to .A. turn to friends for helpB. solve a conflict calmlyC. find an escape from realityD. seek comfort from children73. Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.74. What can be learned from the passage?A. Male hormones help build up the body's resistance to stress.B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.75. Which of the following might be the best ti.tle of the passage?A. How men and women get over stressB. How men and women suffer from stressC. How researchers overcome stress problemsD. How researchers handle stress-related disordersSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A. When a child should learn to readB. Why it is fun to teach a child readingC. What if a child has reading problemsD. How you prepare a young child for readingE. What is the best way to teach a child readingF. Whether reading early promises later achievements76.Learning to read early has become one of those indicators - in parents' minds at least – that their child is smart. In fact, reading early has very little to do with whether a child is successful academically. Research has shown that difficulty with reading is often due not to inferior intelligence but to differences in the developmental wiring of each individual child. In some cases, there are neurological problems and developmental lags that can be overcome with proper training.77.Traditionally, American schools teach children at age six, but many schools begin teaching informally in kindergarten and pre-kindergarten. If parents start too early to encourage reading,and a child does not immediately succeed, the parent has a hard time relaxing and letting the child go at his or her own pace.78.Over the years, research has proved that the use of both the e&whole language" method and the "phonic" method works best for a child to master reading. While the whole language approach, which includes reading to children and getting them interested in both the activity of reading and the story they are reading, is helpful, phonics must be taught. Children must be taught that one of the squiggles they see is a "p" and another a "b". Getting the print off the page requires a different ability than being able to understand the meaning of what is written.79.You can start developing the skills needed in reading at a very young age without putting any pressure on children. Besides reading to them, parents can start "ear training" their child by playing thyme games. This develops the child's ability to recognize different sounds. In reading to children, parents also can point to words as they go, teaching the child that the funny lines on the page are the words you are saying. All this should be a fun activity.80.Once a child is in school, the learning of reading is inevitably more serious. For children who have some kind of reading difficulty, you must get a professional diagnosis. While the teacher might say the child is merely disinterested but will get over it, disinterest or poor performance in reading can stem from a number of things, some being very specific learning disabilities that can be identified and worked on. But it is very tricky for parents to deal with their own child's learning disabilities.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers crd龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.This pattern of age segregation(隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children fromadults,with adults worHng and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children.Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 t0 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent t0 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents' daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. Ln sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (白治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.(Note: Answer t.he quesnons or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)81. "This pattern of age segregation" refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from82. Besides changes in the workplace, are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture.83. When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?84. How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups?第II卷（共45分）I．TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．她五年前开始拉小提琴。

英语试卷 第1页（共14页）英语试卷 第2页（共14页）绝密★启用前2012年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试（上海卷）英语考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13-14页），全卷共14页。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第I 卷（共105分）Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a library. B. At a hotel. C. At a bank. D. At an airport.2. A. Relaxed. B. Annoyed. C. Worried. D. Satisfied.3. A. Doctor and patient. B. Shop owner and customer. C. Secretary and boss. D. Receptionist and guest.4. A. He would have thrown $300 around. B. $300 is not enough for the concert. C. Sandy shouldn ’t have given that much. D. Dave must be mad with the money.5. A. She lives close to the man. B. She changes her mind at last. C. She will turn to her manager. D. She declines the man’s offer.6. A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.7. A. Both of them drink too much coffee. B. The woman doesn’t like coffee at all. C. They help each other stop drinking coffee. D. The man is uninterested in the woman’s story.8. A. He doesn’t mind helping the woman. B. He hesitates whether to help or not. C. He’ll help if the woman doesn’t mind.D. He can’t help move the cupboard. 9. A. He’s planning to find a new job. B. He prefers to keep his house in a mess. C. He’s too busy to clean his house. D. He has already cleaned his new house. 10. A. She doesn’t agree with the man. B. She is good at finding a place to stay. C. She could hardly find the truth. D. She had no travel experience in Britain. Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Use the company’s equipment. B. Give orders to robots. C. Make decisions for the company. D. Act as Big Brother.12. A. Employees gain full freedom. B. Employees suspect one another. C. Employees’ children are happy.D. Employees enjoy working there.13. A. Reward. B. Safety. C. Trust. D. Honesty. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Canada had a smaller population. B. Land was cheaper in Canada. C. They wanted to continue the Revolution. D. They were against Britain. 15. A. They standardized Canadian English. B. They settled there after the Revolution. C. They enjoy a very high social position. D. They make up a small part of the population.16. A. It is considered unique to some extent. B. It is greatly influenced by French. C. It is mainly linked to British culture. D. It dates back to the late 17th century. Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks-------------在--------------------此--------------------卷--------------------上--------------------答--------------------题--------------------无--------------------效姓名________________ 准考证号_____________with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Class Registration FormName: Andrew SmithDepartment: The 17 DepartmentStudent ID: 18Class: The 19 classTime: 20 , 2:00—4:00 p.m.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What way special about the Experiment group? The members were from different cities with different 21 and cultures.What did the girl learn from theExperiment?Different people can be 22 .How did the host family treat the girl? They treated her as 23 .Why did the girl say language is notalways important?Sometimes 24 can say more than words.Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.25. ______ passion, people won’t have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking.A. ForB. WithoutC. BeneathD. By26. Is honesty the best policy? We ______ that it is when we are little.A. will teachB. teachC. are taughtD. will be taught27. As Jack left his membership card at home, he wasn’t allowed ______ into the sports club.A. goingB. to goC. goD. gone 28. The new law states that people ______ drive after drinking alcohol.A. wouldn’tB. needn’tC. won’tD. mustn’t29. Only with the greatest of luck ______ to escape from the rising flood waters.A. managed sheB. she managedC. did she manageD. she did manage30. —I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.—I know. By next month, he ______ enough for a used one.A. will have savedB. will be savingC. has savedD. saves31. When he took his gloves off, I noticed that ______ one had his name written inside.A. eachB. everyC. otherD. another32. I have a tight budget for the trip, so I’m not going to fly ______ the airlines lower ticket prices.A. onceB. ifC. afterD. unless33. When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble ______ the right things to say.A. thinking ofB. to think ofC. thought ofD. think of34. There is much truth in the idea ______ kindness is usually served by frankness.A. whyB. whichC. thatD. whether35. Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from ______ you received gifts?A. whichB. themC. thatD. whom36. The club, ______ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.A. foundedB. foundingC. being foundedD. to be founded37. —Was it by cutting down staff ______ she saved the firm?—No, it was by improving work efficiency.A. whenB. whatC. howD. that38. —We’ve only got this small bookcase. Will that do?—No, ______ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which39. “Genius” is a complicated concept, ______ many different factors.A. involvedB. involvingC. to involveD. being involved40. The map is one of the best tools a man has ______ he goes to a new place.A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. howeverSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.英语试卷第3页（共14页）英语试卷第4页（共14页）A. maintainedB. seriousC. indicationsD. figuresE. anxiousF. concernG. crisisH. decidedI. availableJ. reversedFilmgoers should be told how many calories there are in the popcorn, ice cream and soft drinks that they buy in cinemas, according to the Food Standard Agency.Smaller popcorn buckets and drink cups should also be made 41 , the nutrition inspector said.Tim Smith, chief executive of the agency, told The Times that cinemas should help to deal with the country’s overweight42 .“There is a misbelief that popcorn is calorie-free, but that is not the case. It is a 43 to us,” he said. “Portion sizes are also a big issue, and there seems to be increasingly bi g packs on sale.”He spoke as a number of food chains such as Pret A Manger, Wimpey and The Real Greek 44 to put calorie counts on all their menus.A trial scheme（试行方案）with 21 food companies took place last summer, and 45 are that consumers altered their buying habits when they realised the number of calories in a product.A consultation（征询意见）on the trial ends next month but Mr Smith is already planning the second drive for American-style calorie counts and is 46 to win support from cinemas and other entertainment places, from football grounds to concert halls.Government 47 suggest that two thirds of adults and a third of children are overweight. If trends are not 48 , this could rise to almost nine in ten adults and two thirds of children by 2050, putting them at 49 risk of heart disease, cancer and other diseases.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another 50 , subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble（绊脚）and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his 51 ; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to 52 aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In 53 these and other research findings, two themes are 54 : we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think 55 assistance.In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. 56 , in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be 57 , but had apparently been “lost”. The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 58 person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to 59 the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.The degree of 60 between the potential helper and the person in need is also important. For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a(n) 61 T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.Whether a person receives help depends in part on the “worth” of the case. For example, shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone. 62 to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for 63 than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be 64 rather than drunk.50. A. study B. way C. word D. college51. A. hand B. arm C. face D. back52. A. refuse B. beg C. lose D. receive53. A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing54. A. important B. possible C. amusing D. missing55. A. seek B. deserve C. obtain D. accept56. A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example57. A. printed B. mailed C. rewritten D. signed58. A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hard-working59. A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down60. A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact61. A. expensive B. plain C. cheap D. strange62. A. time B. instructions C. money D. chances63. A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health64. A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sickSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.英语试卷第5页（共14页）英语试卷第6页（共14页）。