不定式作宾语补足语的类型
动词不定式既有动词的性质，又有名词的性质。它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语。动词不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语、同位语等：动词不定式在句子中可以用作宾语补足语，常用的“动词+宾语+不定式”的句子结构中。不定式作宾语补足语的有以下八种类型：(下列句子中划线部分作宾语补足语)
一、许多动词可跟一个宾语+ to do…构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语；否定形式为“动词+宾语+not to do…”。例如：do sb/sth to do sth
My boss told me to type out two letters.
分析：句中“My boss”做主语，“told”作谓语，“me”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。
They forbade her to leave the country.
Please remind me not to be late for the meeting.
高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+(not)to do…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise，allow，ask，beg，cause，direct，encourage，expect，forbid，force，invite，order，permit，persuade，remind，request，require，teach，tell，want，warn等。
二、有些动词可跟“宾语+to be…”构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：
I consider him to be the best candidate.
分析：句中“I”做主语，“consider”作谓语，“him”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。
I know him to be a liar.
I suppose him to be away from home.
高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+to be…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：consider，declare，discover，feel，find，suppose等。
三、有些动词(感官动词和使动词)后可跟不带to的不定式构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：
He saw her enter the room.
分析：句中“He”做主语，“saw”作谓语，“her”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。
She won't let me do it.
I heard her lock the door.
We watched the children play games.
高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+do…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：feel，have，hear，let，make，notice，observe，see，watch等。还有两个词组：listen to，look at.
注意:这类句子变为被动结构时，不定式前加to。请看下列句子，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。例如：
A child was seen to enter the building.
She was often he
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②在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四观看。一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let, have, make
四观看：observe, see, watch, look at
这类动词有：make, let, have等。转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式 (have没有被动语态)。 What would you have me do?
你要我做什么？ She made him give up smoking. 她让他戒了烟。 Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就让他干吧。
ard to sing this song.
四、help后的不定式可加to，也可不加to(美国人不加to时较多)，但被动结构中要加to。例如：
I'll help you(to) push the cart.
分析：句中“I”做主语，“will help”作谓语，“you”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。
上句的被动语态为：You'll be helped to push the cart.
五、有些“动词+介词”的结构后也可跟不定式构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：He shouted to me to come over.
分析：句中“He”做主语，“shouted”作谓语，“to”为介词，“me”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下列句子，句子的结构为“动词+介词+宾语+to do…”，划线部分为不定式，作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。
I depend on you to do it.
I am counting on you to help me through.
高中范围内，适用于“动词+介词+宾语+to do…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：shout to sb.to do，call on sb. to do，count on sb. to do，depend on sb. to do，wait for sb. to do等。六、作宾语补足语的不定式，表示的动作在谓语所表示情况之前发生，就需要用完成形式：He was known to have worked for the International Olympic Committee.
分析：句中“He”做主语，“was known”作谓语，使用了被动语态。由句意可知，“为国际奥委会工作”发生在前，“大家知道”发生在后。故不定式部分用完成形式，在句中作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。
They are believed to have discussed the problem.
七、作宾语补足语的不定式，表示一个正在进行的动作时需用进行形式：
He is believed to be living in Mexico.
分析：句中“He”做主语，“isbelieved”作谓语，使用了被动语态。由于句子表达主语现在正在发生的情况，故用不定式的进行形式，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下列句子。Thousands were reported to be working in concentration camps.
He is thought to be hiding in the woods.
间或不定式作宾语补足语也可用于完成进行时。例如：
She is said to have been doing this work for twenty years.
八、不定式作宾语补足语的被动形式：
he didn't want her son to be taken away.
分析：句中“She”做主语，“didn't want”作谓语，“her son”作宾语，由于“her son”与“take away”之间为被动关系，故用被动形式，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下列句子。
I'd like this room to be redecorated.
He didn't wish the subject to be mentioned in the letter.
■练习：
1.They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.(1988全国)
A. grow
B. grew
C. was growing
D. to grow
2. The teacher asked us ___ so much noise.(2003北京)
A. don't make
B. not make
C. not making
D. not to make
3. My advisor encouraged ___ a summer course to improve my writing skills.(2004北京)
A. for me taking
B. me taking
C. for me to take
D. me to take
4.The flu is believed ___ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.(2004上海)
A. causing
B. being caused
C. to be caused
D. to have caused
5.-Is Bob still performing？
-I'm afraid not. He is said ___ the stage already as he has become an official.(2005江苏)
A. to have left
B. to leave
C. to have been left
D. to be left
6.The mother felt herself ___ cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield.(2006上海)
A. grow
B. grown
C. to grow
D. to have grown
7.Energy drinks are not allowed ___ in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.(2006上海)
A. to make
B. to be made
C. to have been made
D. to be making
答案：
1.A
2.D
3.D
4.C
5.A
6.A
7.B （编辑：赵露）
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2. ----There’s a hole in your bag. ---- I know, I’m going to have it _____. A. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended
3. Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.
A. cry; to cry
B. crying; crying
C. cry; cry
D. to cry; cry 4. They would not allow him _____ ac ross the enemy line.
A. to risk going
B. risking to go
C. for risk to go
D. risk going 5. I found the door _____ when I got home.
A. opened
B. close
C. unlocking
D. open 6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in th e street, but his mother told him ___. A. not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to 7. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise____.
A. going on
B. goes on
C. went on
D. to go on
8. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settled 9. I advised _____ at once.
A. him to starting
B. him to start
C. to starting
D. to start 10. When I put my hand on h is chest, I could feel his heart still ____. A. beat B. to be beating C. beating D. was beating
11. You had better get a doctor _____ your bad tooth.
A. pull out
B. to pull out
C. pulled out
D. pulling out 12. He managed to make himself wi th his____ English. A. understand; breaking B. understand; broken B. C. understood; brea king D. understood; broken 13. The doctor asked him not to leave his wound ______.
A. expose
B. exposed
C. to expose
D. exposing
14. They are going to have the service man ____ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.
A. install
B. to install
C. to be installed
D. installed
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15. After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute ______. A. being settled
B. to be settled
C. had settled
D. as settled 16. You will see this product ____ wherever you go .
A. to be advertised
B. advertised
C. advertise
D. advertising 17. His remarks left me _____ about his real purpose.
A. wondered
B. wonder
C. to wonder
D. wondering
18. When I caught him ______ me I stopped buying things there and started dealing
with another shop.
A. cheating
B. cheat
C. to cheat
D. to be cheating 19. Though he had often made his littl e sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.
A. cry; to cry
B. crying; crying
C. cry; cry
D. to cry; cry 20. Did you intend us ___ the
new method? A. using B. to use C. using D. are using
21. The teacher encouraged us ______ good compositions. A. Writing B. written C. to write
D. is writing
22. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___________.
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
23. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _______went wr ong again.
A .it B. it repaired C .repaired D. to be repaired
24. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly—elected president is having a hard time.
A .settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
25. With trees, flowers and grass_____ everywhere, my native town had taken on a new look.
A. planting
B. planted
C. to plant D .to be planted 26. She was glad to see her child well_____ care of.
A. take
B. to be taken
C. taken
D. taking
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27. The result of the entrance exams was not made _____to the public until last Thursday.
A. knowing
B. known
C. to know
D. to be known 28. I can make you _____what I say, but you can’t make yourself ____ in English.
A. understand; understand B .understand, understood C to understand, understand D. u nderstand; to be understood 29. He found them ____ at a table_____.
A. sat; to play chess
B. sitting; to play chess
C. seated; playing chess
D. seat; play the chess
30. John rushed out in a hurry, ___ the door_____.
A. leaving; unlocked
B. leaving; unlocking
C. left; unlocked
D. to leave; unlocking 31. We ar e pleased to see the problem___ so quickly.
A. settled
B. settling
C. be settled
D. having been settled 32. I could feel the wind ___o n my face from an open window.
A .to blow
B .blowing C. to be blowing D .blown 33. ____ production up by 60%,th e company has had another excellent year.
A. As
B. For
C. With
D. Through
34. ____ everything ____ , she left the supermarket with satisfaction.
A. As, buying
B. For, to buy
C. With, bought D .Because, to buy 35. Don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth. (天津2004)
A. run
B. running
C. being run
D. to run
36. He looked around and caught a man ___ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. put
B. to be putting
C. to put
D. putting
37. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents _______. (重庆 2004)
A. worried
B. to worry
C. worrying
D. worry 38. The teacher asked us _____ so much nois e. (北京2003)
A. don’t make
B. not make
C. not making
D. not to make
39. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered ____ clear
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warnings before firing any shots. (上海2003)
A. to issue
B. being issued
C. to have issued
D. to be issued 40.－Good morning. Can I help you? －I'd like to have this package __ ,Madame.
A. be weighed
B. to be weighed
C. to weigh
D. weighed 41. Father will not __us to use hi s recorders. A. have B. let C .agree D. allow
42. John was made __the truck for a week as punishment.
A .to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing 43. The missing boys were last seen __ near the river.
A. playing
B. to be playing
C. play
D. to play 44. Paul doesn't have to be made __ .He always works hard.
A. learn
B. to learn C .learned D. learning
45. Seeing the sun __ above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.
A. to rise
B. to raise
C. rising D .raising 46. I was disappointed to find his suggestions __ .
A been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down 47. The patient was warned ____oily food after the operation.
A. to eat to
B. eating not C .not to eat D not eating 48. The speaker raised her voice but still couldn’t make herself _______.
A. hear
B. hearing
C. to hear
D. heard
49. If you go to Xi’an, you’ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly _________. A. supposing B. to sup pose C. supposed D. suppose
50. It’s so cold today, we must keep the fire ________.
A. to burn
B. burning
C. burn
D. burnt
51. The mother was asked ________ let her children ________ TV every evening;
A. not to; watch
B. not to; to watch
C. not; watch
D. not; watching 52. They didn’t observe her _______ in and go upstairs.
A. come
B. came
C. to come
D. coming
53. How about the two of us ____ a walk down the garden? (MET93 17)
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A. to take
B. take
C. taking
D. to be taking
54. I have had my bike , and I’m going to have somebody my radio tomorrow.
A. repair; to repair
B. repairing; to be repaired
C. repaired; repair
D. to repair; repairing
55. the room, the nurse found the tape recorder .
A. Entering; stealing
B. Entering; gone
C. To have entered; being stolen
D. Having entered; to be stolen 56. Could you show me the mob ile phone you’d like ______?
A. to have repaired
B. repairing it
C. having it repaired
D. to repair it 57. I have often heard the ABC Song , but I have never heard Alice it.
A. to be sung; to sing
B. being sung; sang
C. sung; sing
D. sang; singing 58. I can hardly imagin e Peter __________ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail
B. to sail
C. sailing
D. to have sailed
59. ---Have you had anyone ______ your newly-bought flat? ---Not yet. I am going to get John __ _____ a design for it first. A. to decorate; make
B. to decorate; to make
C. decorate; make
D. decorate; to make
60. ---“Did you have any difficulty in today’s homework?”---“No, in fact I found
__________.”
A. it very easy to do
B. it very easy done
C. very easy for doing
D. very
easy to do it Keys:
1-5 CCAAD 6-10 AACBC 11-15 BDBAD 16-20 CDAAB 21-25 CACAB
26-30 CBBCA 31-35 A BCCB 36-40 DADAD 41-45 D AABC 46-50 BCDCB
51-55 A ACCB 56-60 A CCDA
动词不定式作宾语及双宾语结构解析 1. 我们经常需要表达“同意做某事” 或“决定做某事”等句子，这种一个句子连续出现两个动词的情况下，我们要用到动词不定式作宾语，即agree / decide to do sth.。初中阶段我们常见后接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：plan，decide，want, agree, try, wait, wish, hope等。例如： I want to talk to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。 2. 双宾语就是有些动词后面跟直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物，间接宾语是指动词所涉及的人。例如: They gave him a watch. 他们给了他一块手表。 这里的him是间接宾语，a watch是直接宾语，间接宾语和直接宾语同时出现时叫双宾语。 英语中，有许多及物动词后面能跟双宾语，如：give, bring, lend, pass, send, show, leave, buy, tell, teach, sell, write, buy, sing等。例如： He teaches us English. 他教我们英语。 The old man told us a story yesterday. 那位老人昨天给我们讲了一个故事。 ★注意：“及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语”的结构一般可以改写为“及物动词＋直接宾语＋for / to sb.”的结构。例如： She bought me some presents. =She bought some presents for me. 她给我买了一些礼物。 Please show me your new book. =Please show your new book to me. 请给我看看你的新书。 【跟踪练习】同义句改写，每空一词。 1. I hope I can get higher marks next time. I hope_______________ higher marks next time. 2. He makes a plan to do some sightseeing this summer holiday. He _____________________ do some sightseeing this summer holiday.
接不定式作宾语的动词顺口溜 一接不定式作宾语的动词顺口溜 动词不定作宾语，期希渴欲承担起； 愿望碰巧又出现，假装安排不拒绝； 准备计划却失败，好像提供又犹豫； 企图要把目标证，爱恨要求作选择。 动词+不定式 endeavor hope failhappenhelphesitatelearnlongmeanmanageofferoughtplanpreparepretendpromise refuseemtendwait wishundertake后直接加to do sth作宾语 二接不定式作宾语的动词 【速记口诀】 三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝； 设法学会做决定，不要假装在选择。 【xx诠释】三个希望两答应： hope，wish，want，agree，promise 两个要求莫拒绝： demand，ask，refuse 设法学会做决定： manage，learn，decide 不要假装在选择：
petend，choose 三接动名词作宾语的动词 【速记口诀】 Mrs.PBlackmissedabeefbag.（Ｐ·布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。） 【妙语诠释】该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。 这些动词分别是： M=mind，r=risk，s=succeedin，P=practice，B=bebusy，l=lookforwardto，a=admit，c=can'thelp，k=keepon，m=miss，i=insiston，s=suggest，s=stop， e=enjoy，d=delay， a=avoid，b=beworth，a=advise，g=giveup。 四不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词 【速记口诀】 一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助 xx诠释】一感： feel；二听： hear，listento；三让： make，let，have；四看： see，notice，watch，ob-serve；半帮助： help。 五、形容词和副词比较等级用法
动词+宾语+动词不定式作宾补的动词总结及短文填空训练 I.动词+宾语+动词不定式作宾补的动词总结 advise (劝告) , ask (请、要) , allow(允许、让).permit(允许), forbid(禁止), beg(请求) , cause (使) , command (命令) , encourage (鼓励) , expect (预料) , force (迫使), get (让) , help (帮助) , invite (邀请) , intend (想要) , instruct (指令) , like (喜欢) , oblige (迫使) , order (命令) , permit (允许) , persuade (劝说) , prefer (宁愿) , press (强求) , remind (提醒) , request (要求) require(要求), urge (催促) ,tell(告诉),teach(教)，warn (警告) , want (想要) , wish (希望) 另外，还有某些短语的后面也可以用这样的复合宾语，这样的成语动词常见的有： call on (号召), count on (仰仗) , depend on (依靠) , long for (渴望) , rely on (依靠) , vote for (投票) , wait for (等待) 。 特别注意：hope, agree, demand, suggest 等没有宾补。 II.短文填空训练 While Teachers in high school are trained and certified to educate, high school does not generally encourage students 1 ( explore ) new aspects of life, In Henan Province and Shandong Province, China, the senior high school life is extremely tough and boring. Parents count on them universities; Teachers and schools depend on them make a fortune; they intend themselves universities. As a result, higher grades mean everything, and self control is the key to success. Some are begged 6 ( give up )their own interests; some are forbidden 7 ( watch )TV; some are urged9 ( avoid ) 10 (fall) behind; some are reminded 11 (work )out to relax; some are persuaded 12 ( go )to Cram school ; some are pressed 13 ( accept) their parents’ advice ;others are requested 14 ( eat )two prepared eggs every morning , causing them 15 ( eat) less; My classmate wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not a bicycle. He doe sn’t have to be made
动词不定式做宾语补足语 动词不定式在句子中可以用作宾语补足语，常用的“动词+宾语+不定式”的句子结构中，不定式作宾语补足语的有以下几种类型：(下列句子中划线部分作宾语补足语) 一、许多动词可跟一个“宾语 + to do…”构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语；否定形式为“动词+宾语+not to do…”。例如： My boss told me to type out two letters. 分析：句中“My boss”做主语，“told”作谓语，“me”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。 They forbid her to leave the country. 适用于“动词+宾语+(not)to do…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise，allow，ask，beg，cause，direct，encourage，expect，forbid，force，invite，order，permit，persuade，remind，request，require，teach，tell，want，warn等。 二、有些动词(感官动词和使动词)后可跟不带to的不定式构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如： He saw her enter the room. 分析：句中“He”做主语，“saw”作谓语，“her”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。 She won't let me do it. I heard her lock the door. 适用于“动词+宾语+do…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：feel，have，hear，let，make，notice，observe，see，watch等。还有两个词组：listen to，look at。 三、help后的不定式可加to，也可不加to(美国人不加to时较多)，但被动结构中要加to。 如：I'll help you(to) push the car. 分析：句中“I”做主语，“will help”作谓语，“you”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。 动词不定式作状语 不定式作状语可以表示行为的目的、结果、原因等。(to do/ not to do) 1.表示目的 To save the child, he laid down his life.
动词不定式作宾语和宾语补足语用法归纳 ◇以下动词可跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。 即：…sb to do sth 1. ask 2. tell 3. would like 4. want 5. help 《 6. invite 7. teach 8. order (命令) 9. remind (提醒) 10. advise (建议) 11. encourage (鼓励) 12. allow (允许) ~ 13. expect (期待) 14. need 特别提醒： ☆hope不可跟动词不定式作宾语，即不能说hope sb to do，只能说：hope to do ☆help后面的to可以省略。即：help sb (to) do sth。 ☆动词不定式的否定形式在to前面加not。如：ask sb not to do sth. 】 ◇以下动词可跟动词不定式作宾语。 即：…to do sth 1. agree 2. learn 3. hope 4. prefer ） 5. plan 6. decide 7. choose 8. would like 9. fail 10. need 11. prepare ~
12. help 13. wish 14. seem (似乎) 15. promise (承诺) 16. afford (负担得起) 17. remember （以下动词亦可跟doing，但含义或有异同，使用时注意） 18. forget 》 19. stop 20. like 21. love 22. hate 23. begin 24. start 】 ◇使用动词不定式的部分句型： 1. what/how/when to do 2. It's time to do; 3. try one's best to do; 4. can't wait to do; 5. There is no need to do; 6. the first to do; : 7. have no choice but to do;除了……别无选择 8. It's +adj+(for/of sb) +to do 9. be heard /watched /seen /noticed do （被动语态） 10. be made to do（被动语态） ◇江苏13城市中考试题汇编 单项选择： 、 ( c ) 1. Last week our geography teacher told us ______ more information about how to protect the environment. (08南京) A. get B. got C. to get D. getting ( b ) 2. The boy promised _______ late for school again. (08徐州) not be B. not to be C. not
动词不定式作宾语归纳-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII
要点1 只接不定式作宾语的动词 Afford , agree, ask, attempt, beg, choose, decide, demand, determine, expect, fail, happen,hope, long, wish, manage, offer, pretend, prepare, promise refuse, struggle, want等。 语法填空： 1、I am out of work so I cannot afford _________(live) in this big flat. 2、He failed ________ (pass) the test, but he refused ________ (give up). 3、The man often pretends_______ (be) a rich man. 要点2 与doing 有区别 doing: 已经发生 A、Remember / forget; stop / go on; regret to do: 没有发生 语法填空： 1、I remember _______ (call) you a week ago, but I forgot _________ (tell) you the news then. 2、After work, he didn’t stop ________ (have) a rest, and went on ________ (have) an evening class. Doing: 尝试着做……； doing: 意味着……； B、try mean to do: 尽力做……； to do: 打算做……； 语法填空： Going to college doesn’t mean ________ (find) a good job after graduation, so I mean ________(learn) some practical skills in my spare time. Doing: 忍不住……； doing: 习惯…… C、can’t help be used to to do: 不能帮助做……； do：被用来做…… 语法填空： 1、When the man couldn’t help _______ (save) the drowning child, he couldn’t help ______ (cry). 2、The young man is used to _______ (rise) late, so he can’t be used to _______ (lead) the team. To do : 需要/ 想 / 请求做……； D、n eed / want / require doing （to be done）: 需要 / 想 / 请求被……； 语法填空： I want ______ (ask) for a leave this afternoon because my hair needs _______ (cut). 要点3 可用形式宾语it来代替 不定式在make / think / feel / consider / find 等动词后作宾语并且其后有名词或 形容词作补语时，常用it作形式宾语。 例：I think it impossible to finish all the work in a day.
接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth. 请（叫）某人做某事 bear sb. to do sth. 忍受某人做某事 beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事 elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 get sb. to do sth. 使（要）某人做某事 hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事 help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事 like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事 mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事 need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事
oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事 order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事 trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事 不带to的不定式作宾补 “一感”（feel）、 “二听”（listen，hear）、 “三让”（let，make，have）、 “四看”（look at，see，watch，notice）
不定式作宾语补足语的类型 动词不定式既有动词的性质，又有名词的性质。它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语。动词不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语、同位语等：动词不定式在句子中可以用作宾语补足语，常用的“动词+宾语+不定式”的句子结构中。不定式作宾语补足语的有以下八种类型：(下列句子中划线部分作宾语补足语) 一、许多动词可跟一个宾语+ to do…构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语；否定形式为“动词+宾语+not to do…”。例如：do sb/sth to do sth My boss told me to type out two letters. 分析：句中“My boss”做主语，“told”作谓语，“me”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。 They forbade her to leave the country. Please remind me not to be late for the meeting. 高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+(not)to do…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise，allow，ask，beg，cause，direct，encourage，expect，forbid，force，invite，order，permit，persuade，remind，request，require，teach，tell，want，warn等。 二、有些动词可跟“宾语+to be…”构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如： I consider him to be the best candidate. 分析：句中“I”做主语，“consider”作谓语，“him”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。 I know him to be a liar. I suppose him to be away from home. 高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+to be…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：consider，declare，discover，feel，find，suppose等。 三、有些动词(感官动词和使动词)后可跟不带to的不定式构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如： He saw her enter the room. 分析：句中“He”做主语，“saw”作谓语，“her”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。 She won't let me do it. I heard her lock the door. We watched the children play games. 高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+do…”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：feel，have，hear，let，make，notice，observe，see，watch等。还有两个词组：listen to，look at. 注意:这类句子变为被动结构时，不定式前加to。请看下列句子，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。例如： A child was seen to enter the building. She was often he 3 ②在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：一感二听三让四观看。一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let, have, make 四观看：observe, see, watch, look at 这类动词有：make, let, have等。转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式 (have没有被动语态)。 What would you have me do?
:接不定式作宾语的常用动词，接不定式作宾补的常用动词，接动名词作宾语的常用动词，接如今分词作宾补的常用动词，接动词原形作宾补的常用动词，接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相反的动词，接不定式或动名词作宾语意思不同的动词。 afford to do sth.担负得起做某事 agree to do sth.赞同做某事 arrange to do sth .布置做某事 ask to do sth.要求做某事 beg to do sth.恳求做某事 care to do sth.想要做某事 choose to do sth.决议做某事 decide to do sth.决议做某事 dema nd to do sth.要求做某事 determine to do sth. 决计做某事 expect to do sth.等待做某事 fear to do sth.惧怕做某事 help to do sth.协助做某事 hope to do sth.希望做某事 learn to do sth.学习做某事 man age to do sth.设法做某事 offer to do sth.自动提出做某事
plan to do sth.计划做某事 prepare to do sth.预备做某事 pretend to do sth.伪装做某事 promise to do sth. 容许做某事 refuse to do sth.回绝做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事 wish to do sth.希望做某事 注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词: aim to do sth.计划做某事 fail to do sth.未能做某事 long to do sth.盼望做某事 happe n to do sth.碰巧做某事 hesitate to do sth.犹疑做某事 struggle to do sth.努力做某事 二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词 advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth请（叫）某人做某事 bear sb. to do sth.忍耐某人做某事 beg sb. to do sth .恳求某人做某事
动词不定式归纳(含练 习及答案)
动词不定式归纳 定义：不定式的to和介词to需要被区分开，不定式的to后接动词原形，介词to后接名词、代词或动名词。 不定式作动词宾语 He decided to invite all of his classmates to attend the holiday at the beach. 不定式作宾语 He promised not to tell anyone about it. 如果宾语有自己的补语，则常用it作形式宾语，而把真正作宾语的不定式放在后面放在后面，常带有形式宾语的动词有：believe. Consider. Feel. Find. Know. Make . regard 例： we think it important to obey the laws. √ we think to obey the laws is important. × I know it impossible to finish so much homework in a day. 不定式作介词宾语 当介词but、except、besides前面有行为动词do及其各种形式时，介词后面的不定式可以省略to，否则不省略。 What do you like to do besides play football？ We have no choice but to wait. 个别介词可以用“疑问词+不定式”作宾语 The boy has him own idea of how to finish it. 不定式起形容词作用作定语 不定式作定语用来修饰名词或代词，置于它所修饰的词后，而且放在其他后置定语的后面。同时与它所修饰的名词或代词形成逻辑上的动宾关系或主谓关系。 He always has a lot of meetings to attend. 不定式to attend 和名词meetings 形成动宾关系 The next train to arrive was from Seattle. To arrive 和train形成主谓关系 Do you have anything interesting to read? 如果作定语用的不定式是不及物动词，就要加上介词，使被修饰的这个词成为这个介词的逻辑宾语。 He is looking for a room to live in. to live in a room. A room 是介词in的宾语。 Please pass me some paper to write on. 上述不定式后加介词时，一般不能省略介词，但当修饰place，time，way时，介词可以省略。 He has no money and no place to live (in). The time to arrive is 8 o’clock. (at) I think the best way to travel is on foot. 不定式作定语时，用主动语态表示被动含义的情形 一、在某些固定句型中, 动词不定式作定语, 用主动形式表被动意义。 1）have（give, show）sth. to do 在这种句型中的不定式与前边的名词有动宾关系, 又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系。例如: I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. to do与things是动宾关系, 与I是主谓关系。否则, 在表示被动意义时, 仍需要被动式。试比较: Have you anything to do this afternoon? 今天下午你有事要做吗?（to do是由you发出的） Have you anything to be taken to your parents? 你有要带给你父母的东西吗? （谁带不得而知）再如: Please get me something to read. 请给我弄点读的材料。He'll show you the right path to take. 2）It（This, That）＋be＋a／an＋adj. ＋ n. ＋to do 在这种句型中, 不定式与前面的名词有动宾关系。动词不定式可改为动词不定式复合结构。例如: This is a difficult question to answer. 这是个难答的问题。question与to answer为动宾关系。to answer 可改为 for me to answer。 再如: It is an easy sentence to translate. 这个句子很容易翻译。
动词不定式作宾语 ★动词不定式就是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不就是介词,而就是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称与数的变化。动词不定式与其后面的名词等构成动词不定式短语,在句子中可以作主语、表语、补足语、定语、状语等。今天我们重点学习后接动词不定式作宾语的常见动词。 1.动词+ 不定式 Want hope decide agree choose would like plan fail 上列动词只能用动词不定式作宾语 举例: The driver failed to see the other car in time、 司机没能及时瞧见另一辆车。 I happen to know the answer to your question、 我碰巧知道您那道问题的答案。 I decided to go to the countryside on vacation、 我决定去农村度假。 2.动词+疑问词+不定式 Know ask show teach think guess find out understand 上列动词或短语后可用疑问词加动词不定式短语结构 举例: Please teach me how to play the piano、 请教我怎么弹钢琴。 I must think what to do next、 我必须考虑下一步做什么。 3.动词+不定式∕动名词 Like love begin start 上列动词后既可以接动词不定式也可以接动名词形式,意义上差别不大 举例: I like singing, but I don’t like to sing now、 我喜欢唱歌,但就是我现在不想唱歌。 Stop forget remember try
既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词 一、后接不定式或动名词且含义相同的动词 这类动词常见的有：like 喜欢 / love 喜欢 / hate 憎恨 / prefer 宁可 / b egin 开始 / start 开始 / continue 继续/ can’t bear 不能忍受 / bother 麻烦 / intend 想要 / attempt 试图 / cease 停止，等。如： He likes travelling [to travel] alone. 他喜欢单独旅行。 He began doing [to do] this job last year. 他去年开始做这工作。 Don’t bother to get [getting]dinner for me. 请不必费事为我做饭了。 注意：当 like, love, hate, prefer 与 would, should 连用时，其后只能接不定式。如： I’d like to drop in and see you tonight. 我想今晚来看你。 另外，当 begin, start 本身为进行时态或后接 know, realize, understa nd 等静态动词时，其后的动词只能用不定式。如： He is beginning to work in that company. 他即将开始去那个公司工作。 After the talk with his English teacher, he began to like English. 跟英语老师谈话之后，他开始喜欢英语了。 二、forget, remember, regret 后接不定式或动名词含义不同 动词 forget, remember, regret 等接不定式时，表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之后；接动名词作宾语时，表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之前。如： I forgot to tell you about it. 我忘记告诉你那件事了。 I remembered giving the book to Li Lei, but he said I didn’t. 我记得我把书给李蕾了，但是他说我没有给。
作宾语补足语的不定式 to be 请看下面的例句： The whole country was very sad at the news of his death； the people had considered him to be a great leader， and a wise， kind and honest man. 句中“ to be a great leader， and a wise， kind and honest man ”是“ had considered ”的宾语补足语，用来说明宾语 him 的身份和性格特征。consider 是表示心理状态和感觉的动词。依照惯用法，它后面可以用“ to be + 名词、形容词或介词短语”作宾语补足语。 believe， declare， find， imagine，judge， prove， report， think 和 deny， discover， feel， guess， know，suppose， understand 等也都属于这类动词。 1. 这些动词的这一用法常用于正式文体。例如： They all believe the story to be true. 他们都相信这篇报道是真实的。 He declared the story to be false. 他断言这篇报道是假的。 Imagine yourself to be in his place. 设想你自己处于他的地位，那又会怎么样呢？ We judged the distance to be about four miles. 我们估计距离大约是 4 英里远。 We all felt the plan to be unwise. 我们都感到这个计划是不明智的。 Fans know him to be a good player.
1. 在感官动词(feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice 等)和使役动词(make, let, have)后，要用不带 to 的不定式作宾补。但在这些动词的被动式(如果可以变为被动式的话)后用作主语补足语的不定式要带 to。 He made me work 12 hours a day. 他要我每天工作12小时。 I was made to work 12 hours a day. 每天要我工作12小时。 记忆方法：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, have, make)、四看(see, look at, watch, notice)。 2. 在下列动词后用作宾语补足语的非谓语动词用不定式，即用于 vt. + sb / sth + to do sth 的形式：advise 建议 allow 允许 ask 叫，请 bear 忍受 beg 乞求 cause 导致 command 命令 encourage 鼓励 expect 期待 forbid 禁止 force 迫使 get 使 hate 讨厌 help 帮助 intend 想要 invite 邀请 leave 让 like 喜欢 mean 打算 need 需要 oblige 迫使 order 命令 permit 允许 persuade 说服 prefer 宁愿 request 请求 remind 提醒 teach 教 tell 告诉 trouble 麻烦 want 想要 warn 警告 wish 希望 wait for 等 would like 想要 would love 想要 would prefer 宁愿 注：(1) 在 help 后作宾补的不定式带不带 to 均可。 (2) 但 fear, excuse, refuse, insist, hope, suggest, agree, decide, demand, thank, arrange 等动词后不可接 sb to do sth。 3. 用非谓语动词作宾语补足语的常用结构： (1) have sb do sth使某人做某事 (2) have sb doing sth 使某人或某物处于做某事的状态中 (3) have sth done 请人做某事，遭受某事 (4) catch sb doing sth 抓住(碰上)某人在做某事 (5) feel sth / sb doing sth 感觉某人或某物在做某事 (6) find sb / sth doing sth 发现某人或某物在做某事 (7) keep sb / sth doing sth 使某人或某物不停地做某事 (8) start sb doing sth 使某人开始做某事 (9) send sb to do sth 派(叫)某人去做某事。如： (10) send sb / sth doing sth 使某人或某物迅速做某事 (11) leave sb to do sth 让某人去做某事 (12) leave sb doing sth 让某人做某事(处于做某事的状态中) (13) set sb to do sth 使某人做某事 (14) set sb (sth) doing sth 使某人或某物开始做某事 4. 非谓语动词作宾补的一个原则：当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是主动关系时，用不定式或现在分词；当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是被动关系时，用过去分词，或用不定式、现在分词的被动式.
一）动词不定式作宾语 动词不定式作宾语，表明意图，希望或决定的容。 1.有些及物动词如afford，need，agree，ask，decide，choose，hope，offer，plan，hate，refuse等用不定式做宾语，结构为“动词+不定式”。 He offered to help me.他表示愿意帮助我。He decided to buy a new car. 他决定买辆新车。 2.有些动词如ask，help，like，love，need，prefer，want，choose等除了可以用不定式作宾语，还可以用不定式作补语，即：动词+宾语+不定式。I like you to keep everything tidy.我喜欢你使每件东西都保持整洁。 3.有些动词或动词词组如decide, know, show ,tell, forget, remember, learn ,find out 等可以用“疑问词加不定式”结构作宾语。 Please show us how to do that.请演示给我们如何去做。 They haven’t decided whether to accept the invitation.他们还没有决定是否接受邀请。 4.find/feel/think+it+adj./n.+to do sth.句型中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。 The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep.楼下的人发觉难以入睡。 I feel it my duty to help them.我感到帮助他们是我的责任。 5.动词forget，remember，stop，go on等之后接V-ing 形式和不定式作宾语意义差别较大。 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事 remember to do sth. 记住去做某事 remember doing sth.记得做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记已做了某事 （二）双宾语 当动词有两个宾语时，一般结构是：动词+人+物，我们把这种结构称作双宾语。其中人被称做间接宾语，物被称作直接宾语。 He give her some money.= He give some money to her. My parents bought me a computer.=My parents bought a computer for me. 3.动词跟双宾语，间接宾语改为由介词to 或for引起的短语时，用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。由to引出间接宾语的动词有：bring，give，show，pass，lend，take，tell，hand，offer，pay等。用for引出间接宾语的动词有：buy, make, cook, get, sing, read, choose, draw, find, get 等 He shows a picture to me.他向我展示了一幅图画。 She made a beautiful dress for me.她为我做了一件漂亮的衣服。