全国公共英语四级长难句集锦（一）
2008-05-19
1) I was scared of leaving the protective bubble of this place for places unknown,during uncertain economic times.
在经济不稳定的年代，我害怕离开这里的保护罩到未知的地方去。
2) You are the only one who can answer that,But what I can offer as guidance,and reassurance,is a story:the story of one Stanford graduate's process of stumbling and searching to find a place in the world,oftentimes in the face of her fears.
你是仅仅一个可以回答这个问题的人，但是我能够讲一个故事为你提供引导使你放心：这是一位斯坦福大学毕业生在社会上摸爬滚打以争得一席之地的故事，尽管她一直面对恐惧。
3) The philosophics and ideologies themselves certainly left an impression on me.But the rigor of the distillation process,the exercise of refinement,that's where the real learning happened.
这些哲理和思想的确给我留下了深刻印象,但严谨的提炼过程和不断的改进加工才是我真正学
习到的东西.
4)When you graduate from here,you exit with thousands of pages of personal text on which are inscribed beliefs and values shaped by years of education,family
interactions,relationship,experience.
当你从这里毕业时,你会带着数千页的个人纪录走出校门,在这些记录上,是你多年来受教育,家庭,社会关系以及个人经历影响而形成的信念和价值观.
5)I had convinced myself that my analytic mind and my Stanford humanities degree were enough to guell the fear.
我已确信我善于分析的头脑和斯坦福大学的人文学科的学位足以平息我的恐惧.
6) We all know that normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours' sleep
alternating with some 16-17 hours' wakefulness and that,broadly speaking,the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness.
我们都清楚正常人每天的活动周期是大约7-8个小时睡眠和16-17个小时清醒轮流相互交替，我么也知道，一般来说，睡眠常在夜间进行。
7) The case ,for example,with which people can change from working in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls insistently for round-the-clock working of machines.
例如有种情况，自动化工厂要求持续24小时的机器运转，因此日夜颠倒上班成了一个越来越重要的问题。
8) This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another,so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.
这说明他刚适应一种工作规律就又得转向另一种工作规律,因此在他大部分时间里,休息和工作的效率很低.
9) One answer would seem to be longer periods on each shift,a month,or even three months.
一个解决的方法似乎是每次换班持续的时间长些,可以一个月甚至三个月换一次班.
10) The only real solution appears to be to hand over the night shift to a corps of permanent night workers whose nocturnal wakefulness may persist through all weekends and holidays.
唯一能解决问题的方法是将夜班交给一些长期从事夜间工作的人,,他们在周末和假期依然会保持警醒状态.
11) The first two stages in the development of civilized man were probably the invention of primitive weapons and the discovery of fire,although nobody knows exactly when he acquired the use of the latter.
在人类文明发展的进程中，最初的两个阶段可能是原始武器的发明和火的发现，但没有人确切的知道，人类是在什么时候学会利用火的。
12) Animal have a few cries that serve as signals,but even the highest apes haven't been found able to pronounce words,even with the most intensive professional instructions.
动物会发出几种叫声作为信号，然而人们发现，即使是最高级的猿经过强化的专业训练也不能说出话来。
13) Agriculture made possible an immense increase in the number of the human species in the regions where it could be successfully practised.
在农业繁荣的地区，农业的发展使当地人口的数量大幅度增长。
14) These inventions and discoveries---fire,speech,weapons,domestic
animals,agriculture and writing---made the existence of civilized communities possible.
火,语言,武器,家禽,农业和文字的发明,使得文明社会有了存在的可能.
15) There was progress---there were even two inventions of great importance,namely gunpowder and the mariner's compass---but neither of these can be compared in their revolutionary power to such things as speech and writing and agriculture.
进步是有的,有两项伟大发明,火药和航海指南针,但是,就其革命性而言,这两项发明都不能同
语言,文字,和农业相比.
16) Growth in electronic commerce is not a straight line trend---it come slowly at first,then accelerates rapidly.
电子商务的发展并非一帆风顺，而是经历了缓慢起步才加速前进的。
17) Nonetheless,although it may take six years to reach sales of 1 trillion dollars,it won't take six more to reach 2 trillion,nor perhaps even two to expaned from 2 to 4 trillion dollars.
尽管可能需要六年时间才能使销售收入达到1万亿美元,但是从1万亿到2万亿美元则不会再用六年时间,而从2万亿到4万亿美元甚至用不了两年时间.
18) Electronic commence will turn the world into one giant shopping mall for products,services,and investments.
电子商务将会把世界变成一个集提供产品，服务与投资与一体的大型购物中心。
19) By 2005,more than half of the average employees' working hours in advanced countries(like the United States and the United Kingdom)will be spent at home.
到2005年，发达国家雇员的平均工作时间将有一半以上在家中度过。
20) Employees will be,figuratively speaking,in the driver's seat.
打个比方来说，雇员将会坐在驾驶座上，即取得主动权。
21) My friend's daughter,Sarah,stood by me waiting her turn.
我朋友的女儿莎拉站在我身边，等着轮到他。
22) I was the only adult present who prompted "What do you say?"When the clown handed Sarah her balloon.The clown beamed at us,grateful he had actually been acknowledged.
当小丑把球递给莎拉时,我提醒她说:"你该说什么?"我是在场大人中唯一一个这么做的人.小丑微笑着看着我们,很感激有人对他表示谢意.
23) And what they are seeing is a society focused solely on acquisition---be it another drink in a restaurant or a space on a crowded freeway---without ever stopping to thank the source.
他们所看到的社会是一个完全专注于索取的社会——不管是饭馆还提供的一杯饮料还是高速公路上的一块空地——没有人停下来说声谢谢。
24) Most people today feel proud to have built a society that treats the races,sexes,and economic class more equally than ever before.And,yes,we have made real stride in these areas.
今天大部分人都建立了一个比过去任何时候都更平等地对待种族，性别，和经济阶层的社会而感到骄傲。是的，我们在这些领域确实取得了进步。
25) Are we really so pressured that we cannot stop to observe simple courtesy?
难道我们真的忙得不能停下来注意以下简单的礼节吗？
26) Since it is often used simultaneously by both family members as well as guests,the chicken requires not only a glamorous look but a practical one.
由于家庭成员和客人常常会同时使用厨房，所以厨房不仅要美观而且要实用。
27) This concern includes recycling of household materials, as well as energy efficient appliances and purity of both water and air.
家庭用具的再循环问题,厨房设备的节能问题以及水和空气的净化问题都受到重视.
28) The character of today's kitchen is very different from the way it was thirty years ago.There is more sophiscation in food preparation,and more technological help with cooking and cleaning up.
与30年前相比,现在的厨房的特点有了很大的不同,在食物制作方面更为尖端高级,再食物烹制
和清洁方面也能提供更多的技术帮助.
29) Because many of today's kitchens consist of two or more cooks sharing in the meal preparation,there is a need for more counter space,sooktops and sinks.
由于许多当今的厨房都有两个或者更多的人一起准备饭菜。所以很有必要为厨房设计更大的台面，更多的厨具和洗涤槽等。
30) You can have a refrigerator in one place and a freezer in a separate area or two sets of cooktops:one on the counter next to the wall oven and one on an island.
你可以买一个电冰箱放在厨房里的一个地方，然后在买一个冰柜放在另一处，或者你可以拥有2套厨具，一套放在靠近墙面的台面上，另一套单独放置。
31) In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply seperated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent,notions of male superiority are hard to maintain.
在男女角色没有明显划分，家务事或多或少由双方共同承担的家庭中，男尊女卑的观点是很难维持的。
32) In such a home,the growing boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easily than their parents did and to prepare more fully participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the "battle of the sexes".
在这种家庭长大的孩子比他们父母更容易接受平等的观念,并做好充分准备去加入一个合作的,而不是"性别大战"的社会.
33) There are signs that pshchologists and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should nor receive all the credit,nor all the blame.We have almost given up saying that a woman's place is in the home.
有一些迹象表明,有关家庭方面的心理学家和专家意识到男性在家庭中的作用,他们认为在涉及家庭方面的问题上不应该由女性承担所有的赞扬或指责。我们已经不再坚持认为女性就应该呆在家里。
34) We are beginning,however,to study a man's place in the home and to resist that he does have a place in it.Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.
相反的,我们开始研究男性在家庭中的地位,并坚持男性在家庭中占有一席之地的观点.男性在
家庭中的地位与孩子的健康成长不无关联.
35) The family is a cooperative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules,because each family memberneeds to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.
家庭是一个合作的集体，很难制定通用的准则，因为每个家庭中的成员都需要找出自己问题的具体方法。
36) Scientists at Johns Hopkins have discovered :striking" differents between men and women in a part of the brain linked with ability to estimate time,judge speed,visualize things three-dimensionally and solve mathematical problems.
约翰，霍普金斯大学的科学家已发现在大脑中与估算时间，判断速度，想象三维事物以及解答数学题等能力有关的部位，在男女之间存在惊人的差别。
37) The differences,the researchers say,may underlie well-known trends that vary by sex,such as the fact that more men than women are architects,mathematicians and race-car
drivers.
研究人员指出,这种差异可能会形成众所周知的男女有别的倾向,例如,事实上建筑师,数学家,
和赛车手中男性就多于女性.
38) In women in the study,it is the right IPL that is somewhat larger,though the difference between the two sides of the brains is less obvious than in men,say Psychiatrist Godfrey Pearlson,M.D. ,who headed the project.
领导这项研究的精神病学家,医学博士皮尔逊说,研究表明,女性的右下顶叶略大一些,尽管女性大脑两边的这种差异没有男性那么明显.
39) It allows the brain to process information from senses such as vision and touch,and enable the sort of thinking involved in selective attention and perception.
下顶叶使大脑能够处理从诸如视觉和触觉等感官传来的信息,并使涉及有选择性注意和知觉之
类的思维活动得以进行.
40)There are plenty of exceptions,but there is also a grain of truth,revealed throught the brain structure,that we think underlies some of the ways people characterize the sexes.
当然有很多意外,但也不乏从大脑结构中显露出的某些事实,我们认为这事实构成了人们在性别方面的某些特征.
41) Owning Norand also allowed Pioneer to explore high-technology markets outside agriculture.
拥有罗兰德，先锋国际就可以在农业外的高科技市场放手一搏了。
42) Pioneer always took a given percent of the annual profits to divide equally among all employees,so our profit-sharing checks were higher than if Pioneer had not purchased Norand.Additionally,my Pioneer stock was lower than it had been before the purchase of Norand.I was not pleased.
先锋国际的老规律是拿出一定比例的年利润平均分配给所有的雇员,所以我们分的的利润比收
购罗兰德之前减少了，此外，先锋国际的股票也比收购前下跌了，我很不高兴。
43) The CEO of pioneer,Tom Urban,made annualformal visits to each of the Pioneer divisions to talk about the state of the business and to listen to employees' concerns.
先锋国际的CEO汤姆每年都到每个公司进行常规视察，向员工通报业务情况，听员工们所关心的事情。
44) As I sat listening to him,I knew I could trust him,and that he deserved every bit of loyalty I could give to him and to Pioneer.
当我坐在那里听他说话的时候，我知道我能够信任他，我知道他值得我为他和先锋国际奉献出自己的忠诚。
45) In the brief moment of silence before the questions started,I recalled thinking that I would follow him into any battle.
在提问开始之前，那一瞬间的沉默中，我重新坚定了自己的信念，我将跟随他在每一次战役中冲锋陷阵。
46) Man's preoccupation with time derives ultimately from his unique relationship to it.All animals are changed by it.But only human can manipulate it.
人们对时间的关注来源于他们与时间的特殊关系。所有的动物都随着时间的改变而改变，但是只有人类可以驾驭时间。
47) It can be argued that momeny and foresightedness are the essence of intelligence;that man's ability to manupulate time,to employ both past and future as guides to present action,is what makes him human.
可以证明的是,记忆力和预见能力是智力的重要部分,人类之所以是人类就在于他具有驾驭时间的能力,他能用过去和将来指导当前的行为.]
48) But if the delay stretchs beyond 30 seconds.the animal is at a loss.It can no longer associate reward so far in the future with present action.
但是如果超出30秒,这种动物就会不知所措。它无法将当前的行为与未来的奖赏联想到一起。
49) But after that time interval ,the monkey's hunt for the food is no better than chances predicts.
但是过了这段时间间隔，猴子就只能靠自己找到食物了。
50) They can learn to stack four boxes,one atop the other,as a platform from which it can reach a hanging banana.They also carry their ability to cope with the present action by means of tools like human being.
他们会学着将4个盒子堆在一起，搭成一个台子去拿挂着的香蕉，他们还会像人类那样运用工具去解决当前的问题。
1. 【雅思长难句分析】1-5 雅思阅读长难句分析： 1 And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training. 雅思阅读长难句分析： 2 Whether the government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of techno logy or vice versa (反之) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force. 雅思阅读长难句分析： 3 How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and Appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. 雅思阅读长难句分析： 4 There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the Research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry. 雅思阅读长难句分析： 5 Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country’s econom directly bound up with the efficiency of its
长难句分析 1 and it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training. 要点：句子的框架是and it is imagined … that…, and that …。这是典型的 句型it + is + p. p. （过去分词）+ that clause。it是形式主语，句子真正的主语是两个并列的that引导的主语从句，由连词and 连接。operation 此处不能译 成“操作”，根据上下文应译成“活动”，这里的processes 要译成“思维过程”，而不能简单地理解成“过程”。 译文：许多人认为，普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维过程相比，认 为这些思维过程必须经过某种专门训练才能掌握。 2 whether the government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa(反之) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force. 要点：句子的框架是whether …or… often depends on …。whether … or 引导了主语从句作句子的主语，financing 这里根据上下文要译成“经费投入”；介词结构of which is seen as the driving force 是宾语theissue 的后置定语，of 介词结构中又包含了which 引导的介词宾语从句。 译文：政府究竟是以减少对技术的经费投入来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入还 是相反，这往往取决于把哪一方看作是驱动的力量 3 how well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. 要点：句子的框架是how … depends on … and on … 。句子的主语由how 引导的主语从句担任；谓语动词词组depends on后面跟了两个由and连接的并列宾语，在第二个宾语中，介词with + which 引导的定语从句修饰先行词the skill and wisdom。 译文：这些预测在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适宜性，以及解释这些信息的技能和才智 4 there is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry. 要点：句子的框架是there is no agreement whether … or … 。主句是there is no agreement, agreement后面紧跟了由whether引导的同位语从句作同位语；在同位语从句中，谓语动词短语refers to跟了两个由连词or连接的并列宾语：a. the concepts peculiar to historical work in general; b. the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry。在 第一个宾语中，形容词词组peculiar to historical work和介词词组in general 作后置定语修饰the concepts；在第二个宾语中同样有形容词词组 appropriate … to … of historical inquiry作后置定语修饰the research
高考英语长难句解析练习篇答案版 1.(2017年全国1卷阅读理解A篇)It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. 句意：这是一个惊人的成就，一个没有来自个人、公司和其他社会组织的慷慨的支持我们就不可能取得的成就。 分析：本句为复合句。其中，one指代前面的accomplishment，后面为定语从句，修饰先行词one，且从句使用了cannot和without表示双重否定。 2.(2017年全国1卷阅读理解D篇)Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole. 句意：接着把管子放在恰当的位置，使得管子的一端放在杯子里，管子的其余部分向上延伸到坑的外部。 分析：本句为复合句。主句lay the tube in place为祈使句；so that引导目的状语从句，从句是and连接的并列句。 3.(2017年全国1卷阅读七选五)If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. 句意：如果三年前有人告诉我会用大部分的周末时间来野营，我会狂笑不已。分析：本句为主从复合句。if引导的是条件状语从句，因表示对与过去事实相反的假设，所以本句中条件句使用过去完成时。此外从句中包含了一个that引导宾语从句。 4.(2017年全国1卷阅读七选五)This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning. 句意：这次跟自然母亲的短暂亲近用去了我两天的假期，被严重晒伤的皮肤还需慢慢恢复，而且还花费了一笔钱为我儿子食物中毒看医生。 分析：句中cost后的直接宾语有三个，即A，B and C三个并列宾语。 5.(2017年全国1卷完形填空)Little did I know that I would discover my love for ASL. 句意：我不知道我竟然会爱上美式手语。 分析：此句为倒装句，little为否定词，当否定词位于句首时，句子要使用部分倒装。 6.(2017年全国1卷完形填空)What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past. 句意：我所看到的和我之前经历的完全不同。 分析：此句中what 引导的是主语从句，作句子的主语。此外，I had experienced in the past为定语从句，修饰先行词anything。 7. (2017年全国1卷完形填空)Instead, if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less. 句意：相反，如果有任何交谈，那会导致我们学到较少的东西。 分析：本句为复合句。if引导的是虚拟条件句，表示对过去的虚拟，所以本句中条件状语从句使用过去完成时there had been；主句使用“would have done”结构。
精品文档 高考英语阅读理解长难句分析详解 吉林市第一中学孙家宁 一、找谓语，定主语 一般情况下，一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者（主语），我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。而且，如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词，则该句可以是并列句或复合句（并列谓语动词的情况除外）。如：Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans，he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment -although no one had proposed to do so and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning. ［简析］此句中的谓语形式的动词及其对应的主语有：was opposed-he，ordered-he，（should）not be used-federal-funds，had proposed-no one，asked-he（asked前面有and，说明asked 与前面某个谓语动词并列，根据逻辑意义asked应与ordered并列）。这一句的主干为“he ordered...and asked...”，“Declaring that...”作状语。句意：他宣布自己反对使用这种非同寻常的畜牧繁殖技术来克隆人类，并下令不准联邦政府基金用于做此类试验——尽管还没有人建议这么做——他还请一个普林斯顿大学校长Harold Shapiro为首的独立专家组在90天内向白宫汇报关于制定有关克隆人的国家政策的建议。 二、提主干，去枝叶（从句等） 一般情况下，一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息，从句所表达的信息为次要信息。若句子的主干提炼不出来，就不能完全把握句子的核心意义，从而导致思维混乱，主次不分。如：First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the 17th century，the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem，and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Eco-lab Polytechnique. ［简析］本句夹杂分词短语、动名词及两个定语从句。“First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the 17th century”为过去分词短语作状语；“including...”为介词短语作状语；“who made...and who had to...”为两个并列的定语从句，修饰a French woman scientist。所以句子的主干为the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds此为主要信息。句意：这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家Pierre de Format提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，其中包括一个法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展。为了能够在Ecolab Polytechnipue理工学院学习她曾女扮男装。 三、寻关联，辨逻辑 一些长句其实是由若干分句组成的并列句或复合句。而这些并列句或复合句之间需要一些关联词来连接。如果我们找准这些关联词，就能够分辨出句与句之间的逻辑关系，分别弄清主句的意义和从句的意义，则长句就容易对付得多了。要掌握此方法必须对英语中的常见的关联词谙熟于心。Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to 精品文档
如何掌握长难句 复杂长句是考研阅读理解短文的最显著特点之一，是文章语言难度所在，也是命题者常常出题之处。因此具备较好的剖析复杂长句的能力，对于考研阅读理解至关重要。复杂长句典型的特点是，多个语法现象或特殊句式同时出现在一个较长的句子中，使句子修饰词很多，句中套句，成分中套成分，从而造成考生对其准确意义的理解困难。 对于复杂长句，不管其结构多么复杂多变、盘根错节，只要把握住句子结构的主脉络抓住句子的关键词和关键信息，再根据自己所掌握的各种语法知识及一些特殊句式的构成规律，就可理清头绪，找到思路。由于复杂长句很难理解，考生在平时阅读时应多加练习。 下面分8类总结了最典型的70句真题长难句，希望考生复习时能多揣摩，如能将其中英文全部背熟，长难句肯定过关。 第一节比较结构 1.There are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone. 【参考译文】现在已有一些机器人系统能够进行精确到毫米以下的脑部和骨骼手术---这要比极具技巧的医生单单用手精确得多。 2.I have discovered，as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress，that abandoning the doctr ine of “juggling your life”，and making the alternative move into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status． 【参考译文】或许正像凯尔西在不堪积劳重负而公开地辞去她在《她》杂志社的编辑一职之后—样，我已经发现，放弃那种“为生活忙碌”的人生信条并转而追求比较悠闲的生活带给你的回报远远大于经济成功和社会地位。 3.While in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic decline—after the mass redundancies caused by downsizing in the late’80s—and is still linked to the politics of thrift，in Britain，at least among the middle-class down shifters of my acquaintance，we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives. 【参考译文】在美国，这一返朴趋势是以经济衰落的反应为开始的---那是在80年代末期裁员而引起大量的失业之后---现在依然与提倡节俭的政纲相关；而在英国，最起码在我所熟识的中产阶级返朴归隐者中，追求简约生活的原因就多种多样了。
高中英语长难句分析方法 一、长难句的分类 1、带有较多成分的简单句。如： Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines，the toothpaste marketer，for instance，must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used. 例如，决定选择家庭电视节目和妇女杂志后，牙膏经销商还必须挑选出要用的确切的电视节目和电视台，以及那些具体的妇女杂志。 在这个有30多个词的简单句中，动词-ing形式短语用作时间状语，不定式to be used修饰的不仅是women’s magazine，而且还修饰television programs and stations. exact television同时修饰programs和stations两个词，这在翻译中可以看出来。插入语for instance把主语和谓语分隔开了。 2、含有多个简单句的并列句。如： In the 1970s he was a surgeon at Yale，had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.在20世纪70年代，他在耶鲁当外科医生，有位出色的太太和5个漂亮的孩子，但他那时过得却很不开心。 在第二个并列句中，即在had前面省略了and he. Discrimination(歧视) isn’t their only concern；almost everyone testing positive for the Huntington’s gene(基因) develops symptoms(症状) during middle age， and doctors can do nothing to help. 担心受到歧视并不是他们唯一的忧虑，几乎所有遗传性亨廷顿病基因检测呈阳性的人在中年时症状都会显现出来，而医生对此却无能为力。 三个分句均为简单句，分别用分号和and连接。 3、含有多个从句的复合句。如： I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不能再生的) resources，our children may have to lead poorer lives.我不能总是生活在对这种可能性的忧虑中：由于地球上人口的不断增长，由于我们正在消耗掉越来越多的非再生资源，我们的孩子可能不得不过着更加贫穷的生活。 在possibility后由that引导的同位语从句中还含有一并列结构的时间状语从句：as…resources. However，those of us who are parents of children in this age group know that such offers are relatively rare and that many liberal-arts students(文科生) graduate with the belief that the prospective(预期的) workplace may not have a place for them. 然而，我们这些有这个年龄段孩子的家长们都知道，这样的机会少得可怜；我们也知道，许多文科毕业生认为未来的就业市场没有他们的一席之地。本句的主谓语是：those of us know。know有两个由that引导的宾语从句，其中第二个省略了know。在主句中还有一个定语从句修饰those of us，在第二个宾语从句中还有一个同位语从句修饰belief。 4、含有多个插入成分的句子。如： His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently（无知地） enough when, as chairman of Computer Associates International，a software company，he first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new electronic-mail system.
在阅读中，尤其是在试卷阅读理解C、D篇中，长难句是必然会出现的，而对长难句的理解会直接影响我们的阅读成绩。那么，一定的长难句分析训练是必须的，具体该怎么做呢？老师分享一些示例来帮助大家学会分析长难句！ 01 For example, adolescent boys are more likely to buy computer games than any other group, so it makes sense to make computer game ads that appeal to this group. 【句式翻译】例如，进入青春期的男孩子就可能比任何其他人群更愿意购买电脑游戏，因此，针对这个目标群体制作有吸引力的电脑游戏广告是有意义的。 【句式分析】本句是一个含有so引导表示结果的复合句，同时又含有一个than引导的比较状语从句。 【词语点拨】 1)likely adj. 可能的，常用于句型：sb/sth be likely to do= it is likely that…可能…… He’s very likely to send me an email tonight.=It’s very likely that he’ll send me an email tonight. 很可能他今晚会给我发电子邮件。 2) make sense 有意义；讲得通；make sense of 理解 I can’t follow these instructions -- they don’tmake sense.
我不理解这些指示--根本讲不通嘛。 We read the sentence through, but could not make sense of it. 我们我们把句子看了一遍, 但不明白它说些什么。 3) appeal to 吸引； appeal to sb. for sth/appeal to sb. to do sth 呼吁某人干某事；求助于 Blue and red appeal to me, but I don’t like gray or yellow. 我喜欢蓝色和红色, 而不喜欢灰色或黄色。 Jack sincerely appealed to his friends to support him. 杰克真切地向朋友请求支持。 We can appeal to the website for the information we need. 我们可以在网上查找我们需要的信息。 【语法点拨】本句中的than any other…，意为“比其他任何一个……”，所谈论的对象在比较的范围之内；若不在范围之内，则不用other。如： China is larger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲任何别的国家都大。 China is larger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲的任何国家都大。 02
阅读难句分析 1. In 1975 psychologist Robert Ader …conditioned mice to avoid saccharin by …with a drug that while suppressing their immune systems caused stomach upsets. 分析：by短语有两个动名词短语：feeding them the sweetener和injecting them with a drug，而a drug的定语从句中又包含了“连词while+现在分词”结构。1）从语义方面看，conditioned意为“使…形成条件反射”， conditioned mice to avoid saccharin意为“使老鼠对排斥糖精形成条件反射”；2）the sweetener 指saccharin. 译文：1975年，罗切斯特大学医学院的心理学家Robert Ader在使老鼠对排斥糖精形成条件反射的试验中，喂食老鼠粮精的同时给它们注射了一种药剂，这种药在破坏老鼠免疫系统的同时还会引起腹痛。 2. Where is industry's and our recognition that protecting mankind's great treasure is the single most important responsibility？ 分析：主从复合句，that…responsibility是recognition的同位语从句，从句的主语是动名词短词protecting mankind's great treasure. 1）industry 此处指“公司，企业”。如前文中的industrial denial指“来自企业或公司的拒绝。2）the single most important 意为”惟一最重要的“，single在此表示强调。 译文：企业和我们个人什么时候才能意识到保护人类的资源宝藏是最最重要的责任呢？ 3. If ever there will be time for environmental health professionals to come to the frontlines and provide leadership to solve environmental problems， that time is now.
高中英语阅读英语长难句分析方法 在阅读中，我们经常会遇到一些长而难的句子。长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型，理清句子成分，抓住句子中的关键部分。 一、长难句的分类 1、带有较多成分的简单句。如： Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines，the toothpaste marketer，for instance，must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used. 例如，决定选择家庭电视节目和妇女杂志后，牙膏经销商还必须挑选出要用的确切的电视节目和电视台，以及那些具体的妇女杂志。 在这个有30多个词的简单句中，动词-ing形式短语用作时间状语，不定式to be used修饰的不仅是women’s magazine，而且还修饰television programs and stations. exact television同时修饰programs和stations两个词，这在翻译中可以看出来。插入语for instance把主语和谓语分隔开了。 2、含有多个简单句的并列句。如： In the 1970s he was a surgeon at Yale，had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.在20世纪70年代，他在耶鲁当外科医生，有位出色的太太和5个漂亮的孩子，但他那时过得却很不开心。 在第二个并列句中，即在had前面省略了and he. Discrimination(歧视) isn’t their only concern；almost everyone testing positive for the Huntington’s gene(基因) develops symptoms(症状) during middle age， and doctors can do nothing to help. 担心受到歧视并不是他们唯一的忧虑，几乎所有遗传性亨廷顿病基因检测呈阳性的人在中年时症状都会显现出来，而医生对此却无能为力。 三个分句均为简单句，分别用分号和and连接。 3、含有多个从句的复合句。如： I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不能再生的) resources，our
长难句分析 一、长难句的分类 1、带有较多成分的简单句。如： Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines，the toothpaste marketer，for instance，must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used.例如，决定选择家庭电视节目和妇女杂志后，牙膏经销商还必须挑选出要用的确切的电视节目和电视台，以及那些具体的妇女杂志。 在这个有30多个词的简单句中，动词-ing形式短语用作时间状语，不定式to be used修饰的不仅是women’s magazine，而且还修饰television programs and stations.exact television同时修饰programs和stations两个词，这在翻译中可以看出来。插入语for instance把主语和谓语分隔开了。 2、含有多个简单句的并列句。如： In the1970s he was a surgeon at Yale，had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.在20世纪70年代，他在耶鲁当外科医生，有位出色的太太和5个漂亮的孩子，但他那时过得却很不开心。 在第二个并列句中，即在had前面省略了and he. Discrimination(歧视)isn’t their only concern；almost everyone testing positive for the Huntington’s gene(基因)develops symptoms(症状)during middle age，and doctors can do nothing to help.担心受到歧视并不是他们唯一的忧虑，几乎所有遗传性亨廷顿病基因检测呈阳性的人在中年时症状都会显现出来，而医生对此却无能为力。 三个分句均为简单句，分别用分号和and连接。 3、含有多个从句的复合句。如： I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不能再生的)resources，our children may have to lead poorer lives. 我不能总是生活在对这种可能性的忧虑中：由于地球上人口的不断增长，由于我们正在消耗掉越来越多的非再生资源，我们的孩子可能不得不过着更加贫穷的生活。 在possibility后由that引导的同位语从句中还含有一并列结构的时间状语从句：as…resources. However，those of us who are parents of children in this age group know that such offers are relatively rare and that many liberal-arts students(文科生)graduate with the belief that the prospective(预期的)workplace may not have a place for them. 然而，我们这些有这个年龄段孩子的家长们都知道，这样的机会少得可怜；我们也知道，许多文科毕业生认为未来的就业市场没有他们的一席之地。 本句的主谓语是：those of us know。know有两个由that引导的宾语从句，其中第二个省略了know。在主句中还有一个定语从句修饰those of us，在第二个宾语从句中还有一个同位语从句
高考英语阅读理解长难句分析详解 第一节：找谓语，定主语 一般情况下，一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者（主语），我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。而且，如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词，则该句可以是并列句或复合句（并列谓语动词的情况除外）。如Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment --- although no one had proposed to do so and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning. 【简析】此句中的谓语形式的动词及其对应的主语有：was opposed --he; ordered--he; (should) not be used ---federal--funds; had proposed --- no one; asked--he (asked前面有and, 说明asked与前面某个谓语动词并列，根据逻辑意义asked应与ordered并列)。这一句的主干为“he ordered... asked ....”, “Declaring that...”作状语。 句意：他宣布自己反对使用这种非同寻常的蓄牧繁殖技术来克隆人类，并下令不准联邦政府基金用于做此类试验——尽管还没有人建议这么做——他还请一个普林斯顿大学校长Harold Shapiro 为首的独立专家组在90天内向白宫汇报关于制定有关克隆人的国家政策的建议。 第二节：提主干，去枝叶（从句等） 一般情况下，一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息，从句所表达的信息为次要信息。若句子的主干提炼不出来，就不能完全把握句子的核心意义，从而导致思维混乱，主次不分。如： First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the 17th century，the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem，and
英语长难句结构分析技巧及翻译方法 集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]
英语长难句结构分析技巧及翻译方法；英语长句也就是复杂句，里面可能会有多个从句，从句；那么，有些同学可能会问，究竟该怎样来分析长难句呢；1、找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，即句子的主干结构；2、找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语；3、分析从句和短语的功能，例如，是否为主语从句、；4、分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配、插入语等；依照上面四个结构分析步骤， 英语长难句结构分析技巧及翻译方法英语长句也就是复杂句，里面可能会有多个从句，从句与从句之间的关系可可能为并列，包含与被包含、镶嵌等形式。因此分析长难句或者翻译长难句，首要解决的应该是弄清楚从句以及清楚从句之间的关系。英语经常出现的复合句包括：名词性从句，它又包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句；形容词性从句，即定语从句；另外还有一种叫做状语从句。 那么，有些同学可能会问，究竟该怎样来分析长难句呢？有以下几点最为基础的步骤需要考生们记住： 1、找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，即句子的主干结构； 2、找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词； 3、分析从句和短语的功能，例如，是否为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或状语从句等；以及词，短语和从句之间的关系； 4、分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配、插入语等其他成分。
依照上面四个结构分析步骤，我们对下面的句子进行了分解与解析，希望同学们能够在看完例子后，有进一步的理解。 例句：，whowascryingasifhisheartwouldbreakandsaid，whenI例句分析： 第一，拆分句子。 这个长句可以拆分为四段：①“InAfricaImetaboy”②“whowascryinga sifhisheartwouldb reak”、③“whenIspoketohim，thathewashungrybecau se”、④“hehadhadnofoodfortwodays”. 第二，句子的结构分析。 (1)主干结构是主语+过去式+宾语——“Imetaboy”； (2)“crying”后面是壮语从句“asifhisheartwouldbreak”； (3)“whenIspoketohim”是介于“said”和“thathewashungrybecaus e”之间的插入语。第三，难点部分的处理。 “cryingasifhisheartwouldbreak”应译为哭得伤心极了。 参考译文： 在非洲，我遇到一个小孩，他哭得伤心极了，我问他时，他说他饿了，两天没有吃饭了。以上是对于一般长难句的结构较为基础的解析方法。长难句的解析方法具体来讲可以分为分译法、顺序法、综合法、逆序法等。
长难句分析 一、为什么英语会存在长难句？ 这时同学们会思考，汉语为什么不存在读起来就想让人自杀的句子？这要从英语的基本句型开始。 1、名词惹的祸 有名词就会存在修饰成分。名词后可能是of 短语、介词短语、形容词短语、分词、不定式或从句，不管其后是哪种成分，一般情况下，名词后面有一堆东西，这一堆东西一定是修饰或解释这个名词的。 我们最常用的句型就是主谓宾结构。比如说 I love you. 这句话每个人都能读懂，巨简单无比，但是在考研英语中这种句子如果能存在，就说明出题人今年一定是更年期了。 首先，英语中只要存在名词，就会存在修饰名词或解释名词的东西。所以，I 后面可能跟有这些成分.比如 liuxiaoyan，这个东西也是名词，名词后面还可能有修饰或限定成分，比如 who comes from chongqing university. 这个句子中最后一个成分还是名词，又可能存在着修饰限定成分，于是又可能来对chongqing university 做解释，which is the most important universities in china; 这时同学们已经可以自己推出来了，china后面还可能有修饰限定成分。同样的道理，you 后面也可以跟修饰限定成分。这样，一个所谓的长难句就诞生了。 I, liuxiaoyan, who comes from chongqing university, which is the most important universities in china, who is my motherland, love you ，who can make everybody stop to look at you in the street in which there are so many people who … ; 在这个句子当中，你还能找出I love you 吗？所以有了名词的存在就有了这么复杂的限定成分。 2、动词惹的祸 说到动词，首先要明白动词能做什么成份？动词只能做谓语，谓语只能是动词，并且一个句子中谓语不能多，只能有一个，所以我们需要把不做谓语的动词变成不是动词，如何把一个动词变成不是动词呢？三种变法：A、变成to do（不定式）；B、变成v-ing（现在分词）；C、变成done（过去分词）。 比如说“他来看我”，不能翻译成“he comes see me”；因为这个句子中只有comes 是谓语，所以see，变成了 to see，这就是动词不定式了。再如这句话，beat you is my fault. 显然is 是句子的谓语，所以beat 这个动词就不能作为动词出现了，要把它变成beating或者是to beat。也就是说，由于以上原因，英语中就存在了分词或动词不定式了。也就是说分词和不定式可以做英语句子的任何成分，除了不能作谓语。这也就是英语长难句存在的依据之二。 3、逗号惹的祸 这就要从标点来说起了.在汉语中，逗号完全可以连接两个并列完整的句子。比若说，“我爱你，你爱那条狗”。显然，写到作文中，是没有任何问题的。但是，译成英语：I love you, you love that dog. 是显然存在问题的，因为逗号不能连接两个完全并列的句子。 所以正确说法如下： A、用连词连接两个并列的句子 I love you ,but you love that dog. 这样就有了英语的并列句，在考研英语中，并列句是个难点也是重点。因为一般来说，有并列的句子，就会考到代词指