当前位置:文档之家› 历年真题长难句分析

历年真题长难句分析

历年真题长难句分析
历年真题长难句分析

2012年考研英语阅读长难句"四种类型"分析

1.含有分隔结构的句子

分隔结构在英语表达中经常出现,它的作用主要是调整语气、补充信息以及平衡句子结构。在阅读长难句中出现较多的分隔形式是插入语。

插入语有很多不同的类型,可以是一个词,比如形容词(strange,etc)、副词(p ersonally,honestly,fortunately,luckily,etc);可以是短语,比如形容词短语(worst still,sure enough,etc)、介词短语(of course,in short,as a matter of fact,by the way,etc)、分词短语、动词不定式(to be sure,to tell you t he truth,etc);也可以是句子,比如if I may say so,if you don't mind,that is(to say)等都是非常常见的插入语。通常,去掉句中这些插入成分不会影响句子的完整性。如:I say /hear,I think /hope / believe,you know / see,wh at's more,I'm afraid,do you think / suppose等。

如:His journey to the e-mail use began innocently enough when,as chairman of Computer Associates International,a software company,he first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new electronic-mail system.

这是一个典型的含有多个插入语的长句。as chairman of Computer Associates I nternational是he的同位语,a software company是Computer Associates Interna tional的同位语,它们将从属连词when引导的时间状语从句的主语分隔开了。去掉这些插入语后,这句话的意思就很清楚了。

2.被从句拉长的简单句

这些句子较长,有时甚至出现一个从句套另一个从句、环环相扣的情况。遇到这种情况时,在阅读过程中经常会遗忘前面刚刚读过的内容,往往读了几遍,还搞不清整个句子的结构。

如:Probably there is not one here who has not in the course of the day havi ng occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning, of the very same k ind,though differing in degree,which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomenon.

事实上,无论多长多复杂的句子,都是由主干和修饰成分这两部分组成的。主干是整句话的主体框架,主要指主谓宾结构(He plays basketball)或主系表结构(This is an apple)。修饰成分可以是单词,可以是短语,也可以是从句,无论是何种形式,它在句中都只起到修饰和补充主干的作用。因此,对于这种类型的长句,我们要做的首先是确定主干,然后理清从句结构,再按照所确定的各个成分想想句子的大意,再联系上下文看是否与语境相吻合。如果前后文理不通,则可能是分析有误,这时就需要对句子结构重新进行分析。

用上述的方法简化上述的那句话,就会发现,句子的主干是there is not one,后面都是修饰成分。定语从句who has not...natural phenomenon修饰先行词one,在这个定语从句中,of the very same kind...as that...作为后置定语修饰a compl ex train of reasoning;句中有一个让步状语though differing in degree作为分隔结构,把the very same...as that分隔开;as that which...中的that是先行词,被which所引导的定语从句修饰。

在考研英语阅读中,常用来拉长简单句的就是定语从句和状语从句。很多考生分不清单词、短语和从句之间的相互关系。比如分不清定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个,或者一个从句究竟该在哪里结束。因为忘记了一个重要的原则--在没有列举的情况下,以句号为标记的一句话中一般只能有一个谓语动词。

3.多个并列句构成的长句

这是一种相对简单的情况,我们首先要做的就是找到并列连词(and, so,but,or, etc),然后将长句分解成多个分句,理清各分句的内部结构和句意,然后再综合考虑全句。

如:In the 1970s he was a surgeon at Yale,had a wonderful wife and five b eautiful children,but he was terribly unhappy.

需要注意的是,这种类型的句子中常出现省略现象,比如在本例中,第二个并列句即had前面就省去了and he。

4.复合从句

对于复合从句,要首先找出从属连词并确定主句,接着按照简单句的分析方法,梳理各分句的结构和意义,然后确定各从句的性质,也就是明确每个从句在句中分别修饰哪些词语或结构,最后综合整体考虑全句大意。如:In the early indus trialized coun-tries of Europe the process of industrialization with all the far-re aching changes in social patterns that followed was spread over nearly a centur y, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so.

在这个句子中,首先确定连词whereas(而)表示对比,确定主句并找出主干结构,也就是the process of industrialization was spread,破折号中间的短语是附加成分,修饰主语中心词process,其中social patterns后面that followed是一个定语从句。

在进行长难句分析时,还应特别注意以下几点:

(1)是否有省略、倒装等现象;

(2)明确替代词的所指对象;

(3)判断并列成分的层次;

(4)句首的并列连词and、or、but、for通常起承上启下的作用

(5)在有多个从句的复合句和并列句中,要判断状语(单个词、短语或从句)究竟是全句的修饰语还是某个从句或词语的修饰语。

英语长句的分析方法:去枝叶,留主干。

1)划出句子中的定语从句和状语从句;

2)划出所有介词短语(位于be动词后的除外);

3)名词性从句看作一个整体,找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词;

4)非谓语动词结构看作一个整体;

5)找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语,即句子的主干;

6)分析从句的结构和非谓语动词的内部结构。

长难句分析的步骤举例:

经典例题(2001年考研完型填空第二段)

In a significant tightening of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a draft bill that will propose making payments to witnesses illegal and will strictly control the amount of publicity that can be given to a case before a trial begins.

分析:

第一,划出定语从句和状语从句: that will propose making payments to witnesses illegal and will strictly control the amount of publicity /that can be given to a case

/before a trial begins.

第二,划出介词短语:In a significant tightening of legal controls over the press

第三,句子的结构分析:

(1)主干结构是主语(Lord Irvine含同位语the Lord Chancellor)+将来时谓语(will introduce)+宾语(a draft bill);

(2)that引导的定语从句修饰draft bill,其中,will propose 是第一个谓语,making payments to witnesses illegal是一个动名词短语做宾语,在动名词短语内部,payments to witnesses做making的宾语,illegal是宾补;第二个谓语是will strictly control, the amount of publicity是它的宾语。that can be given to a case before a trial begins是孕含有一个时间状语从句(before a trial begins)的定语从句,修饰publicity。

例题:1. This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.

结构分析:句子的主干是This will be particularly true…。s ince引导原因状语从句。此从句中又套嵌一个由关系代词that引导的定语从句,修饰the high-energy American fashion。在定语从句中,that做主语,makes做谓语,it做形式宾语,不定式短语to combine few farmers with high yields则是真正的宾语(不定式短语内部to combine是主干,few farmers是宾语,with high yields是状语),possible做宾语补足语。this指代前句中提到的这种困境。energy pinch译为“能源的匮乏”;in…fashion译为“用…方法、方式”。

译文:这种困境将是确定无疑的,因为能源的匮乏,高能量消耗这种美国耕种方式将很难在农业中继续下去,而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。

2. Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter,we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides

a“valid”or“fair”comparison.

结构分析:句子的主干是we must be sure…。since引导原因状语从句the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter。主句中又有that引导的宾语从句that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides

a“valid”or“fair”comparison。此宾语从句中又套嵌一个由介词with+which引导的定语从句with which we are comparing our subjects修饰先行词the scale。scale在此处意为“尺度、衡量标准”。

译文:既然对智力的评估相比较而言的,那么我们必须确保,在对我们的对象进行比较时,我们所用的尺度能够提供“有效的”或“公平的”比较。

3. In general,the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted can be not well defined.

结构分析:句子的框架是the tests work most effectively when…and least effectively when…。and连接两个并列分句,每个并列分句中皆有一个when引导的时间状语从句分别说明work most effectively和and(work)least effectively。第二个时间状

语从句中还有一个主语从句what…predicted。the tests是主句的主语,work为动词做谓语。qualities在此处是可数名词,不译为“质量”,而译为“特征”。defined 不能直译为“被定义为”,而应译为主动语态“界定”。

译文:一般来说,当所需要测定的特征能被精确界定时,测试最为有效;而当所测定或预测的东西不能被明确界定时,测试效果最差。

4. For example,they do not compensate for gross social inequality,and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.

结构分析:句子的框架是they do not compensate…,and thus do not tell how…。and 连接两个并列分句,第二个并列分句中由how引导的宾语从句是一个带有虚拟条件句的主从复合句,其中had he grown up…(=If he had grown up…)是省略了连词if的非真实条件句。主句主语的they,在此代指上文提到的tests; able在句中作might have been的表语。underprivileged在此不能译为“没有特权的”,而译为“没有地位的”或“物质条件差的”。

译文:例如,测试并不能弥补明显的社会不公;因此,它们不能说明一个物质条件差的年轻人,如果在较好的环境中成长的话,会有多大才干。

5.It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset:it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans,or with no consideration at all.

结构分析:句子的框架是It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that…。冒号后的复合句是对冒号前部分作进一步说明。复合句中that 引导宾语从句,从句中有either…or…引导的两个并列的介词结构作状语,修饰动词be treated,其中第一个with介词结构中还有一个省略了关系代词that或which 的定语从句humans extend to other humans,修饰the consideration。it代指上文的观点,即如果对人权没有达成一致看法,而谈论动物的权利是徒劳的。介词短语at the outset译为“从一开始”。动词invites应转译为“使”、“让”或“促使”。动宾结构extend consideration to意为“给予关怀或关心”,consideration不应译为“考虑”。

译文:这种说法从一开始就将讨论引向极端,它使人们认为应该这样对待动物:要么像对人类自身一样关怀体谅,要么完全冷漠无情。

6. But even more important,it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past,for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.

结构分析:句子的框架是it was the farthest that…。但It was…that…在本句中不是强调句型。it是指上句中所提到的150亿年前形成的巨大云团(a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light-years from earth);that引导的应是一个定语从

句,修饰先行词the farthest。for引导的是表示原因的分句,分句中还有that引导的定语从句,修饰the patterns and structure。

译文:但更重要的是,这是科学家们所能观测到的有关过去的最为遥远的景象,因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。

7. Thus it happened that when the new factories that were springing up required labor,tens of thousands of homeless and hungry agricultural workers,with their wives and children,were forced into the cities in search of work,and any work,under any condition,that would keep them alive.

结构分析:句子的框架是it happened that…。it做形式主语,that引导的从句做真正的主语。主语从句中,又有一个由when引导的时间状语从句,主句为tens of thousand s of homeless and hungry agricultural workers…were forced…,时间状语从句中从句主语the new factories又带有一个定语从句that were springing up; that would keep them alive做work的定语从句。spring up意为“发生,出现,建立”。

译文: 于是就出现了这样的情况:正当新办的工厂纷纷建立,需要劳动力的时候,成千上万无家可归、饥肠辘辘、以农业为生的劳动者携家带口,被迫进入城市;他们要找活干,不管什么活儿,不论什么条件,只要不被饿死就行。

8. As a result of two or three centuries of scientific investigation we have come to believe that nature is understandable in the sense that when we ask her questions by way of appropriate observations and experiments,she will answer truly and reward us with discoveries that endure.

结构分析:句子的框架是…we have come to believe that…。that引导的从句做believe的宾语从句;此从句中有一个that从句作the sense的同位语从句;同位语从句中又套嵌一个由when引导的时间状语从句;此时间状语从句又套嵌一个定语从句that endure,修饰其先行词discoveries。by way of意为“经由,通过…方法”;reward sb. with意为“以…报答,酬劳”;endure此处应译为“持久,持续”,不要译为“忍受,容忍”。

译文:由于两三个世纪以来的科学研究成果,我们逐渐相信,如果运用合适的观察和实验方法向大自然探究问题,她会真心实意地给我们答复,并且以永垂不朽的发现来报答我们。从这个意义上来说,大自然是可以认识的。

9. These new observational capabilities would result in simply a mass of details were it not for the fact that theoretical understanding has reached the stage at which it is becoming possible to indicate the kind of measurements required for reliable weather forecasting.

结构分析:句子的框架是These new observational capabilities would result in simply a mass of details…。后面紧跟省略了if引导的虚拟条件句were it not for the fact

that…,即if it were not for the fact that…;that从句作the fact的同位语从句。此从句中又套嵌一个定语从句,修饰其先行词the stage; required for reliable weather forecasting为过去分词短语修饰the kind of measurements。simply译为“只不过,仅仅”,不应译为“简单地”。

译文:理论上的认识已达到了这样一个阶段,即现在已能指出需要哪种测量方式才能可靠地预报天气。如果做不到这一点,那么上述这些新的观察能力只不过提供了一大堆细节而已。

10. The story of the discovery of what is now generally called the principle of Archimedes,namely that a solid body when immersed in a liquid loses a portion of its weight of the liquid it displaces,has many different versions,of which the following is one.

结构分析:句子的框架是The story…has many different versions…。what is now generally called the principle of Archimedes为名词性从句做介词of的宾语。namely that a solid body…作the principle of Archimedes的同位语;when immersed in a liquid是省略了主语的过去分词短语,句子补充完整为when the solid body is immersed in a liquid,修饰其主句a solid body loses a portion of its weight of the liquid…;it displaces是省略了关系代词that的定语从句修饰the liquid,it代指前面提到的the solid body;同时,of which the following is one又构成先行词versions的定语从句。displace意为“排(水)”;version不译为“版本”,此处指“根据个人观点的(对事件等的)说法,看法”;句尾的one代指a version。

译文:当固体浸没到液体中时,固体会失去它所排出的液体的那部分重量,这就是现在通常所谓的阿基米德原理。有关这一发现的故事说法众多,下面的故事就是其中之一。

11. We assumed that there were forces of attraction between molecules which varied rapidly with the distance so that the attraction between molecules that were more than a few ten millionths of a millimeter apart was very small but became considerable when the molecules approached more closely.

结构分析:句子的框架是We assumed that there were forces of attraction…。that引导宾语从句。此宾语从句中套嵌一个由which引导的定语从句修饰先行词forces of attraction; so that the attraction between molecules…是so that结构引导的结果状语从句;在此状语从句中,除主干结构the attraction…was very small but became considerable…,又有that were more than a few ten-millionths of a millimeter apart做定语从句修饰先行词molecules和when the molecules approached more closely做状语从句,修饰…but became considerable。considerable译为“相当大(或多的)”。

译文:我们曾经假定,分子之间存在着引力,这种引力随着分子之间距离的不同而有显著的变化,因而,在间距为千万分之几毫米的分子之间的引力是很小的,但是分子靠得很近时,这种引力会变得相当大。

12. This need is enshrined in the concept of sustainable development,which means that we must,for the benefit of coming generations,leave enough environmental space so that these generations will be able to address their needs and fulfill their aspirations.

结构分析:句子的框架是This need is enshrined in the concept of sustainable development…。其后紧跟着一个which引导的定语从句,修饰先行词sustainable development。此定语从句的谓语动词means又套嵌一个that引导的宾语从句,即we must…leave enough environmental space。此宾语从句中又有so that结构做此从句的目的状语。be enshrined in意为“被深深地珍藏(或铭记)在…”,此处转译为主动语态“纳入到”。sustainable development译为“可持续发展”。

译文:这一需要被正式载入可持续发展的概念之中。所谓可持续发展是指:为了子孙后代的利益,我们必须保留足够的生存环境空间,以满足他们的需要,施展抱负。

13. Painting lacks only the means to represent movement in time and space,which is the special property of sculpture and architecture,since a painting is designed to be seen from one point at one time,whereas sculpture and architecture are created to be seen from various points of view,thus supplying movements in space and time.

结构分析:句子的框架是Painting lacks only the means…,since…。since引导的原因状语从句修饰主句;关系代词which引导的定语从句修饰the means to represent movement in time and space; property在此处应译为“性质,特性”,不译为“财产,资产”。

译文:绘画缺少的仅仅是表现空间与时间变化的手法,而这正是雕塑与建筑的特性。绘画时只要求在某一时刻,从空间的一点来欣赏,而雕塑和建筑的创造则要求从各个角度来欣赏,这样就表现出了空间,时间的变化。

14. Once intimidated by arguments that their children would feel more at home in bilingual classes,and that they might lose their heritage in regular classes,these women have since given voice,loudly and persuasively,to what they know from experience that unless they are fluent in the language of their adopted country,their children will never attend college or land any but the most menial of jobs.

结构分析:句子的框架是these women have…given voice…to what they know from experience that…。that从句做experience的同位语从句;此从句中又套嵌一个unless引导的条件状语从句;Once intimidated by arguments是过去分词做状语修饰these women,其施动者arguments又有两个that引导的同位语从句修饰限定它。intimidated by arguments意为“被论点搞得惊慌害怕”;feel at home不能直译为“感到在家”,而译为“感到自在”;give voice to意为“表达,表露”;land jobs译为“找到工作”。

译文:有人说,孩子们在双语课堂里会感到更加自由自在,而在正规班级会丧失其传统文化。这几位母亲曾被这一论点搞得惶恐不安,现在发表了最响亮,最有说服力的意见。从她们自身的经验中,他们深知:如果孩子们不熟练掌握他们所移居国家的语言,除了那些最简单的体力活儿外,根本谈不上上大学,也谈不上找到理想的工作。

15. The presumption on which human cloning rests is that all these cells,though now specialized,still contain exact copies of the original set of genetic instructions needed to make an entire individual and can do so if a way is found to switch them back on.

结构分析:句子的框架是The presumption is that all these cells…contain genetic instructions…and can do so…。其中介词on加which引导定语从句修饰主语the presumption; that从句为表语从句;此表语从句中contain和can do并列做all these cells的谓语;表语从句中又插入一个though引导的省略了主语all these cells的让步状语从句,补充完整为though these cells are now specialized; needed to make an entire individual为过去分词短语做genetic instructions的后置定语;并列谓语can do so又有if条件句修饰。rest on意为“依赖”。为避免重复do so代替前文提到的make an entire individual。

译文:人类克隆赖以存在的假定是:虽然所有的细胞现已全部特化,但却仍然包含有发育为完整个体所需的与母体完全一致的全部遗传指令;如果能找到一个方法使失去作用的部分恢复作用,这些细胞就能发育成为完整的个体。

二、英语长句的特点

英语长句一般指的是各种复杂句,复杂句里可能有多个从句,从句与从句之间的关系可能包孕、嵌套,也可能并列,平行。所以翻译长句,实际上我们的重点主要放在对各种从句的翻译上。从功能来说,英语有三大复合句,即:①名词性从句,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;②形容词性从句,即我们平常所说的定语从句;③状语从句。

一般说来,英语长句有如下几个特点:

1)结构复杂,逻辑层次多;

2)常须根据上下文作词义的引申;

3)常须根据上下文对指代词的指代关系做出判断;

4)并列成分多;

5)修饰语多,特别是后置定语很长;

6)习惯搭配和成语经常出现。

三、考研英语难句分析方法

第一类:复杂修饰成分

句子本不难,但是修饰成分多且长。1、从句(定语、状语、同位语从句等等);

2、介词短语修饰;

3、分词修饰;

4、不定式修饰。经常是在同一个句子里既有从句又有介词短语,且都不止一个。

例:The methods that a community devises to perpetuate itself come into being to preserve aspects of the cultural legacy that that community perceives as essential。

翻译:一个社会设计出来保存自己的方法得以形成来保持那个社会认为最重要的一些方面。读法:初级:读出主谓宾来。分析:主语:The methods;谓语:com into being;不定式to引导表示目的状语。高级:直接读,见后。考查能力:考查考生的大脑容量。

第二类:大段的插入与或同位语,打断读者的思路,割裂前后之间的语义,造成理解的困难。我们称之为“打岔”。

例:Moreover, I can feel strong emotions in response to objects of art that are interpretations,rather than representations,of reality。

读法:初级:跳过插入语;高级:直接读;查查能力:大脑容量+抗干扰能力

第三类:倒装:由于应该放在句首的成分太长,因此倒装到句末。也是一种人为现象。

例:That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted。

读法:需要经过训练后才能按正常语序读。

正常语序:That sex ratio which maximizes the number of descendants that an individual will have and hence the sex ratio which maximize the number of gene copies transmitted will be favored。

第四类:省略:相对以上三种来讲比较简单,在短句中大家一般都可以看出。

但是如果在长句中出现,特别是如果与以上三种之一甚至几种同时出现,也会给

同学们带来很大的困难。如上例原句中的省略,在第二个the number of 前省

略了"sex ration which maximizes".

如何分析长难句的语法结构

1.搞清句子结构,辨别主语和谓语。

1)找句子主干,即找出整句的主语、谓语、宾语(表语);

2)找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语动词、介词短语等;

3)找出各个从句的引导词;

4)分析各成分之间的关系;

5)注意插入语等其它成分;

6)分析固定词组或固定搭配。

举例说明:

▲ The emphasison data gathered first-hand, combined with a

cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science. (2003年63题)

[结构分析]本句的结构比较复杂。全句的主语是the emphasis,谓语是makes;gathered first-hand做定语,combined with…做伴随状语修饰过去分词

gathered, brought引起的过去分词短语修饰a cross-cultural perspective

(跨文化视角)。翻译的时候,可把复杂的主语部分按照汉语的表达习惯分割成几

个小的部分。

在作了如上的分析之后, 我们就会对该句有了一个较为透彻的理解, 可以把该

句翻译成汉语为:

[参考译文] 强调收集第一手资料,加上在分析过去和现在文化形态时采用跨文

化视角,使得这一研究成为一门独特并且非常重要的社会科学。

2.理解虚拟语气。

虚拟语气是英语特有的一种表达方式,它包括对现在、未来、过去的假设,在英语中有多种表现,译成汉语时一定要弄清它的对象和范围,尽量把虚拟的意思传达出来。

例:He wouldn’t have done it of his own will, but he was argued into it by his wife.

若不是妻子说服了他,他是不会自愿做的。

3.搞清指代关系。

句中如有代词,应根据上下文找出其所指代的内容(男,女,单,复),并将其准确地翻译出。

大学英语六级阅读长难句解析(5).doc

2019年6月大学英语六级阅读长难句解析(5) 英语六级阅读长难句解析(5) 1. It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality of ignorance, the worst spots and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no true light at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted. (1991. 阅读. 12月. Text 3) 如果你彻底无知的话,那么无知也就不是那么糟糕。困难的是人们详细了解无知的实际情况最差的方面以及各处并不太差的方面,但并不了解这种困难根本没有结束的迹象,甚至还没有可以信赖的任何解决问题的途径。 句子的主干是it is not so bad being ignorant if...;the hard thing is knowing the realitybut no true lightnor even any tunnels分号连接两个并列分句。前面的分句句首it为形式主语,真正的主语为being ignorant;if引导条件状语从句。后一分句的is knowing和no true lightnor even any tunnels由but连接做系表谓语;句尾that引导的定语从句修饰tunnels. 2. The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and

历年考研英语真题长难句解析

历年考研英语真题长难句解析 考研英语试卷中,阅读理解和翻译共有50分,占到了全卷分数的半壁江山。毫不夸张地说,把这两部分做好,在英语考试中取得理想的成绩便不再是奢望。那么怎么样才能做好这一部分的试题呢?关键要通过大量的练习,增强阅读英文句子,尤其是其中长难句的能力。长难句一般是指结构复杂难以理解的句子,也有一些其实结构并不复杂,但因为句子很长也很容易让人困惑。长难句出现不多,但是常常大大增加我们理解的难度,成为我们获取高分的拦路虎. 下面就近八年来考研试题中阅读理解和翻译中出现的长难句都列出来,分析它们的结构,指出其中的考查难点,并对如何恰当翻译它们给出建议,,希望大家能从中得到一些启发。 1. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, (an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business). 句子主干:Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased …shareholders as a class, (which was) an element… 语法难点:本句是典型的非限定性定语从句,难点在其主语和宾语都有较长的短语和of 结构限定,并且分句是由两个and相连的3个部分组成的。分句an element…landowners 又带有两个定语从句,一个是(which was) representing…, 另一个是(which was) detached…。 可见,定语从句的难点在于经常省略引导词+be的结构,从而在理解上容易和分词结构相混淆。 句子翻译:对资本和企业的这种大规模的非个人操纵大大增加了股东作为一个阶级的数量和重要性。这个阶层作为国计民生的一部分,代表了非个人责任的财富与土地及土地所有者应尽义务的分离,而且也几乎与责任管理相分离。 翻译技巧:实际上定语从句并不符合汉语的使用习惯。所以翻译时遇上定语从句,一定不要机械地按照原来的顺序生搬硬套。像这样分句较长的情况,把主句和分句拆为两句是比较好的方法。所以这里从这个阶层开始另起一句。 2. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastboune sprang up to house large, comfortable classes( who had retired on their incomes,and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders’meeting to dictate their orders to the management.) 句子主干:Towns…sprang up…classes who…, and who… 语法难点: 1)有并列从句。分析句子主干很容易看到这也是一个典型的定语从句结构,分句由who…, and who…两个并列结构组成。注意like并不是谓语而是介词短语作定语,真正的主句谓语是sprang of.retire on指依靠什么而退休(多跟表收入的名词). 2) that of drawing dividends 结构中,draw是收取的意思,dividend指红利,that of sth结构是名词性的,that of sth相当于which is结构,目的都是修饰前面的名词。注意后面还有attending…是省略了which were的定语从句,把of sth结构和定语从句交替使用是英语中长难句的惯用手法,目的是避免行文的单调,考生朋友们要注意分辨。 句子翻译:像Bournemouth和Eastboune这样的城市兴起了,大批隐退的享乐阶层人士

全等三角形之倍长中线法资料讲解

课题:《全等三角形之巧添辅助线——倍长中线法》 【方法精讲】常用辅助线添加方法一一倍长中线 △ ABC中,AD是BC边中线方式1 :直接倍长延长AD至U E, 例2: ABC中,AD是BAC的平分线,且BD=CD,求证AB=AC 方法1:作DE丄AB于E,作DF 丄AC于F,证明二次全等 方法2 :辅助线同上,利用面积 方法3 :倍长中线AD E 方式2 :间接倍长 作CF丄AD于F,作BE丄AD的延长线于E延长MD到 C 【经典例题】 例1 :△ ABC中,AB=5, AC=3求中线AD的取值范围. 提示:画出图形,倍长中线AD,利用三角形两边之和大于第三边 N,使DN=MD连接CN C 例3:已知在△ ABC中,AB=AC , D在AB 上, E在AC的延长线上,DE交BC于F,且DF=EF ,求证:BD=CE 方法1 :过D作DG // AE交BC于G,证明△ DGF^A CEF 使DE=AD,连接BE

方法2:过E 作EG // AB 交BC 的延长线于 G ,证明△ EFG^A DFB 方法3:过D 作DG 丄BC 于G,过E 作EHL BC 的延长线于 H,证明A BDG^A ECH 例4:已知在△ ABC 中,AD 是BC 边上的中线,E 是AD 上一点,且BE=AC ,延长BE 交AC 于F ,求证:AF=EF 例5:已知:如图,在 ABC 中,AB 求证:AE 平分 BAC 方法1倍长AE 至G ,连结DG 方法2:倍长FE 至H ,连结CH 例 6:已知 CD=AB ,/ BDA= / BAD , AE 是厶 ABD 的中线,求证:/ C=Z BAE 提示:倍长 AE 至F ,连结DF,证明A ABE^A FDE ( SAS ,进而证明A ADF ^A ADC( SAS A 提示:倍长 AD 至G ,连接BG ,证明A BDG^A CDA 三角形BEG 是等腰三角形 AC , D E 在 BC 上,且 DE=EC 过 D 作 DF // BA 交 AE 于点 F , DF=AC. 第1题图

高考英语阅读理解长难句分析详解

高考英语阅读理解长难句分析详解 第一节:找谓语,定主语 一般情况下,一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者(主语),我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。而且,如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词,则该句可以是并列句或复合句(并列谓语动词的情况除外)。如Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment --- although no one had proposed to do so and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning. 【简析】此句中的谓语形式的动词及其对应的主语有:was opposed --he; ordered--he; (should) not be used ---federal--funds; had proposed --- no one; asked--he (asked前面有and, 说明asked与前面某个谓语动词并列,根据逻辑意义asked应与ordered并列)。这一句的主干为“he ordered... asked ....”, “Declaring that...”作状语。 句意:他宣布自己反对使用这种非同寻常的蓄牧繁殖技术来克隆人类,并下令不准联邦政府基金用于做此类试验——尽管还没有人建议这么做——他还请一个普林斯顿大学校长Harold Shapiro 为首的独立专家组在90天内向白宫汇报关于制定有关克隆人的国家政策的建议。 第二节:提主干,去枝叶(从句等) 一般情况下,一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息,从句所表达的信息为次要信息。若句子的主干提炼不出来,就不能完全把握句子的核心意义,从而导致思维混乱,主次不分。如: First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the 17th century,the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem,and

[全]英语四六级-真题长难句分析详解

英语四六级真题长难句分析详解 Round 1----真题长句 More than drones dropping a new supply of underwear on your doorstep, Apple’ s massively successful brick-and-mortar-and-glass retail stores and Amazon’s small steps in the same direction are what should keep old-fashioned retailers awake at night. (2019.06第一套阅读Section B) 【释义】除了无人机在你家门口投放新的内衣外,苹果成功的砖石与零售店以及亚马逊向同一方向迈出的小步,更应该让老式零售商彻夜难眠。 Round 2----生词速递 1. drone [dro?n] n. 嗡嗡声;持续低音(如风笛等发出的持续音);持续音音管(或弦等);雄蜂,(不劳动,依赖他人为生的)寄生虫;无人驾驶飞机 2. doorstep [?d??rstep] n. 门阶;(常用以做三明治的)厚面包片 3. underwear [??nd?rwer]n.内衣;衬衣

Round 1----真题长句 Over 80% of the world’s urban population is breathing air that fails to meet World Health Organization guidelines, and an estimated 4.5 million people died prematurely from outdoor pollution. (2019. 阅读. 1. Text 1) 【释义】全球80%以上城市人口呼吸的空气不符合世界卫生组织标准,2015年约有450万人因室外空气污染而过早死亡。 Round 2----生词速递 urban [???rb?n] adj. 城市的;都市的;城镇的 guideline [?ɡa?dla?n] n. 指导方针;指导原则;行动纲领;准则;参考 estimated [?est?me?t?d] adj.估计的,估算的 prematurely [?prim??t??rli]adv.早熟地;过早地;提前地 fail to do sth 未能做某事

大学英语六级长难句解析100句

六级真题阅读长难句分析 1. For hundreds of millions of years, turtles (海龟) have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to handcarry the hatchlings (幼龟) down to the water 's edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. (2009 年6 月) 【分析】本句为复合句,主架为?turtles have struggled ?。For hundreds of millions of years 为介词短语作时间状语。before ?为时间状语从句,该从句采用的是there be 结构,主语为or 连接的三个名词(词组):natural documentaries ,GPS satellites and marine biologists 和volunteers ,主语 后的不定式均为主语的后置定语。lest “以免”引导状语从句,采用虚拟语气。【译文】数百万年以来,海龟们都挣扎着从海里爬出来,到沙滩上产卵,那时候还没有自然纪录片来记录它们的活动,没有GPS卫星和海洋生物学家跟踪它们,没有志愿者用手把小海龟放到水边以防它们被桅灯搞得迷失方向而爬向旅馆的停车场。 2. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from “threatened ” to “endangered” —meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help. (2009 年6 月) 【分析】本句为复合句,主架为The figures prompted Oceana ?。to petition the government 为不定式作prompted 的状语,to upgrade the level of protection ?为不定式作petition 的状语。they are in danger ?help 作meaning 的宾语,相当于省略了引导词that 的宾语从句。 【译文】这些数字迫使Oceana向政府请求将对北大西洋大海龟的保护程度由“受到威胁”提升到“濒临灭绝”,这意味着如果没有额外的保护,它们将面临消失的危险。 3. But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic sea turtles, notably loggerheads, which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. (2009 年6 月) 【分析】本句为并列复合句,主架为Nature is indifferent ?and?a report ?showed?a ?drop ?。But 表转折。by the Fish and Wildlife Service 为介词 短语作report 的后置定语。which can grow to as much as 400 pounds 为非限制性定语从句,修饰loggerheads 。be indifferent to 意为“对?无动于衷”。a drop in 指“在?方面下降”。 【译文】但是大自然对人们的平等观念却漠不关心,渔业和野生动物服务组织的一项报告显示,北大西洋好几种海龟的数量都在令人担忧地下降,尤其是一种能够长到400 磅重的大海龟。 4. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. (2009 年6 月)

[全]考研英语:历年真题经典长难句深度解析2021

考研英语:历年真题经典长难句深度解析 一、It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself. 1.重点词汇及短语: describe…with…用……描述…… articulate 【生义】v. 清楚地表达,描述【熟义】adj. 明晰清楚的 reaction n. 反应 grasp v. 理解,领会(尤指复杂的事情或观点) 2.句子成分分析:本句为主从复合句,主干是It is also the reason...。why引导定语从句,解释说明the reason。定语从句中包含了一个时间状语从句when we try to describe music with words。关系副词why引导限定性定语从句,修饰先行词reason,在定语从句中充当原因状语。例如:He didn’t tell me the reason why he was so upset. 从句引导词选用关系副词why还是关系代词that/which,取决于先行词reason在从句中充当的成分:先行词reason在从句中作副词性成分,应该用why。例如:Please tell me the reason why he was late.(先行词reason在从句中作原因状语);先行词reason在从句中作

名词性成分,应该用that/which。例如:Please tell me the reason that/which made him late.(先行词reason在从句中作主语) 3.参考译文:这也是为什么当我们试图用语言描述音乐时,我们只能表达出自己对音乐的感受,而无法领悟音乐本身。 二、Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: "The creation of the 'statistics board' was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science's overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.” 1.重点词汇及短语: impel v. 促使,迫使【用法】impel sb to do sth迫使某人做…… statistics board 统计板 concern n. 忧虑,担心;重要的事情concern about/over/with 对……关心application n. 申请书;应用;应用程序 2.句子成分分析:本句的主干是...McNutt said...。分词短语Asked whether...the change作句子的状语。引号中的内容是said的宾语,其主干是The creation of the "statistics board" was motivated...and is part of...。句中的broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research解释说明concerns的内容。句中的to increase...we publish解释说明drive的内容,

高考英语阅读理解长难句解析整理版

高考英语阅读理解长难句解析 第一部分:高中英语长难句解析 在阅读中,我们经常会遇到一些长而难的句子。长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型,理清句子成分,抓住句子中的关键部分。 纵观历年高考英语试题,可以发现阅读文章中出现了许多结构复杂的句子。不难理解,命题者在句子难度上大做文章,无非是想通过增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来打断和干扰考生正常的阅读习惯和思维方式,从而达到考查考生综合阅读能力的目的。下面我们来了解长难句最常见的形式。一、复合从句 这些句子往往较长,一个从句套着另一个从句,环环相扣,使得考生搞不清楚整个句子结构。其实,不管句子有多长有多复杂,它只由两部分构成,即主干和修饰成分。主干是整个句子的骨架,主要指主谓宾结构(如: I want a ticket.)或主系表结构(如:The man is a teacher.)。而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用,它既可以是单词,也可以是短语,更常见的则是从句,尤其是定语从句和状语从句。这些从句都很常见,考生比较熟悉,但很多时候不少考生分不清单词、短语和从句之间的相互关系,这样会导致整个句子分析混乱。 这时,考生应通过仔细分析,将每个修饰成分划出来,找出句子的主干,这样整个句子结构就清晰了。 二、分隔结构 为了调整语气和增加补充信息,更主要的是为了平衡句子结构,避免头重脚轻,使语义严密,结构紧凑,可将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来,这就是所谓的分隔结构。考试中出现较多的是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。此外,还有一些句子成分(一般是定语)过长而出现后置,也可以看作是插入现象,只不过它只是句子原有成分位置的调整,没有新增信息。 三、成分省略 在英语句子中,节约用词是一条重要的修辞原则。省略主要是为了避免重复,突出关键词并使上下文紧密连接。成分省略一般和从句相结合,一正一反,使句子富于变化,增强表现力。 例如在以than,as引导的比较状语从句中,一些成分往往被省略,会给理解带来一定的影响,而且这类句子出现频率较高,考生需要熟记。

历年考研英语真题长难句解析

历年考研英语真题长难句解析 1. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America. 【译文】这不是昙花一现。在过去几年里,英国和美国的通货膨胀率始终低于预测水平。 【析句】这是一个并列句,前后用分号隔开两个子句,是递进关系。在第一句中,no可以用not a代替。在后一个句子中,inflation是主语,lower是谓语系动词的表语, than expected和in Britain and America,以及前面的over the past couple of years都是介词短语作状语。 【讲词】a flash in the pan意为"昙花一现的人或事"。Many people believe that the young singer is a flash in the pan.(许多人认为那位歌手红不了多久。) When I first heard the news,I too dismissed it as a flash in the pan.(我一开始听到这个消息时,也认为这事长不了。) 2. Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States,since conventional measures suggest that both economies,and especially America's,have little productive slack. 【译文】经济学家对英美两国有利的通胀率感到特别诧异,因为传统的计量方法表明两国经济,特别是美国经济几乎没有生产萧条的时

初中数学全等专题倍长中线法(含答案)

初中数学全等专题倍长中线法(含答案) -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

初中数学全等专题倍长中线法 1.如图,在△ABC中,AC=5,中线AD=7,则AB边的取值范围是( ) A.2<AB<12 B.4<AB<12 C.9<AB<19 D.10<AB<19 答案:C 解题思路:延长AD至E,使DE=AD,连接CE,可先证明△ABD≌△ECD,则AB=CE,在△ACE中,根据三角形的三边关系,得AE-AC<CE<AE+AC,即9<CE<19.则9<AB<19.故选C. 2.如图,已知CB、CD分别是钝角△AEC和锐角△ABC的中线,且AC=AB,给出下列结论:①AE=2AC;②CE=2CD;③∠ACD=∠BCE;④CB平分∠DCE,则以上结论正确 的是() A.①②④ B.①③④ C.①②③ D.①②③④ 答案:A 解题思路:①正确,延长CD至点F,使得DF=CD,连接AF,可先证明△ADF≌△BDC,再证明△ACF≌△BEC,由这两个三角形全等可以得知②、④正确。由 △ACF≌△BEC,得∠ACD=∠E,若要∠ACD=∠BCE,则需∠E=∠BCE,则需BC=BE,显然不成立,故③选项错误 3.如图,点E是BC的中点,∠BAE=∠CDE,延长DE到点F使得EF=DE,连接BF,则下列说法正确的是() ①BF∥CD ②△BFE≌△CDE ③AB=BF ④△ABE为等腰三角形 A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①③④ D.①②③④ 答案:A 解题思路:可以先证明△BEF≌△CED,可以得到②正确,进而得到∠F=∠D,BF∥CD,①正确,又∵∠BAE=∠CDE=∠F,∴AB=BF,③正确。④不正确。 4.如图,在正方形ABCD中,E为AB边的中点,G、F分别为AD,BC边上的点,若AG=1,BF=2,∠GEF=90°,则GF的长为() 2

如何理解高中英语阅读理解的长难句

如何理解高中英语阅读理解的长难句 摘要:句子理解,特别是长难句理解,是提高阅读能力的突破口。通过英语句法分析与阅读相结合、化长难句为简单句及特殊句型还原的技巧,加深对英语阅读理解中长难句的理解。 关键词:高中英语阅读理解长难句分析理解之法 《英语课程标准》明确提出“能通过分析句子结构理解难句和长句”的阅读要求。从近年的高考题来看,所选短文均选自英语原版文章,除了生词量大、篇幅长以外,文中的句子结构也较为复杂,掺杂了大量长难句,考生普遍感觉较难理解。可见,难句理解是阅读理解的突破口。下面,我通过英语句法分析与阅读相结合、化长难句为简单句及特殊句型还原的技巧,谈谈英语阅读理解中长难句的理解。 一、运用句法知识与阅读相结合分析长难句 只有掌握英语的句法结构,才能进行正确的句法分析。在平时的学习中,对英语的固定句型和结构要牢记并掌握,并学会它们之间的转换,这样对长难句的理解就不会束手无策。根据英语中的五种基本句型结构,把句子中的主语、宾语、表语等主要成分找出来,其他成分如定语、状语、补语等则一目了然,易于理解。一些长句其实就是一个由主句和若干个从句组成的多层次主从复合句,一定要搞清主句和

从句之间的逻辑关系,只要把逻辑关系搞清楚了,长难句就好对付了。 例如:People think being an artist must be a wonderful way to earn one’s living .Of course,there are lots of great things about working for oneself,at home alone.分析:此句是个含有宾语从句的复合句。People think是主句,being an artist must be a wonderful way to earn one’living是谓语动词think的宾语从句,省略了连接词that,全句的结构为:主语+谓语动词+宾语从句,从句中,动名词短语being an artist作主语,must be 作谓语动词,a wonderful way to earn one’s living作表语,其基本句型为:主+系+表,动名词短语being an artist 作主语,不定式短语to earn one’living作定语,修饰way。 再如:Experts found people who played online games designed to improve their cognitive skills didn’t get any smar 60.分析:该句含有宾语从句、定语从句、后置定语,主句为experts found,省略了连接词that,其他就是宾语从句,而这个宾从又包含了定从:who played online games designed to improve their cognitive skills,修饰people,定语从句里还含有过去分词充当的后置定语:designed to improve their cognitive skills,用来修饰online games,只有通过这样的层层递进和分析,

历届高考英语真题长难句解析

1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique. (NMET2003.C篇)这个定理,先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出,曾使一批杰出的数学 大师为难,包括一位法国女科学家,她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展, 她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。 简析:夹杂过去分词短语,现在分词短语,动名词及两个定语从句。 2. It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet. (NMET2003.E篇) 由于因特网的使用,计算所使用的纸张的数量是很难的,然而几乎任何在办 公室工作的人能告诉你,当引进电子邮件后,打印机就开始超时工作。也就是说近年来人们对于纸张的日益需求主要是由于因特网越来越多的使用。 简析:夹杂较复杂的句型结构,关键词just about几乎;overtime超时地。 3. Perhaps the best sign of how computer and internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself, which sees printing as one of its most promising new market. (NMET2003.E篇)或许,表明电脑及因特网使用促进人们对于纸张的需求的最好迹象源于高科 技产业本身,印刷业被认为是高科技产业极有前景的新市场之一。 简析:夹杂较复杂的句型结构,关键词promising有前途的。 4. The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste. (NMET2003.E篇)这个行动组也发现一种人们可接受的纸,制成这种纸的原料不是木料,而是农业废料。 简析:关键词other than而不是。 5. Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese, these terms are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers. (NMET2003.D

英语阅读理解长难句分析技巧指南

英语阅读理解长难句分析技巧指南 英语长句和难句一般结构复杂,逻辑层次多;并列成分和插入成分多;修饰语多,特别是后置定语很长;各种从句多,并且从句与从句之间的关系复杂;省略和倒装经常出现;由于结构的需要,常见的搭配常常会颠倒或提前等等。 长难句分析方法指南 英语句子无论多么复杂,它们都是通过一些语法手段和逻辑手段连接起来的。所以,在理解英语句子的时候,理解并且拆分句子的语法结构和逻辑结构就自然而然成为了我们解题的突破口。 怎么拆分呢?我们可以把主句和从句拆分出来,即找出全句的主语,谓语和宾语;找出句中所有的谓语结构,非谓语结构,介词短语和从句的引导词;分析各从句的作用以及它们之间的关系。说的具体一点,可以寻找下面一些“信号词”来对英语句子进行拆分,进而更加有效地理解英语原文。 长难句分析注意事项 在分析句子成分时,还应该特别注意下列几点: 1 是否有同位语和插入语。 2 是否有省略,倒装和分隔等现象。 3 替代词的所指对象。

4 判断并列成分的层次。 5 并列连词and, or, but, for通常起承上启下的作用,不要将它们归入后文的句法分析。 6 在从句多的句子中,从句中又包含从句的现象。 7 非谓语动词短语在句中作次要成分(定语和状语)时又带着自己较长的从属成分,尤其是状语从句或宾语从句时的结构分析。 8 在有多个的复合句和并列句中,状语(单个词,短语或从句)究竟是全句的修饰语还是某个从句或词语的修饰语。 长难句分析实例 1. Decision-thinking is unlike poker---it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. 分析:这句话不长,但是由于有多个从句,并且还有省略,所以难度很大。破折号把这个长句分成为两个句子,前边是简单句,其中not unlike构成双重否定表肯定;后面的是复合句,进一步说明前面的内容。在这个复合句中it是形式主语,matters是谓语,意思为“要紧,重要”,not only---but also和and引导的是并列的名词性从句,在句中做真正的主语。其中后边的两个句子省略了matters。在主语部分中,matters not only what you think 的顺序应该是not only

历年考研英语真题长难句解析

历年考研英语真题长难句解析

历年考研英语真题长难句解析 1. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America. 【译文】这不是昙花一现。在过去几年里,英国和美国的通货膨胀率始终低于预测水平。 【析句】这是一个并列句,前后用分号隔开两个子句,是递进关系。在第一句中,no可以用not a代替。在后一个句子中,inflation 是主语,lower是谓语系动词的表语, than expected和in Britain and America,以及前面的over the past couple of years都是介词短语作状语。 【讲词】a flash in the pan意为"昙花一现的人或事"。Many people believe that the young singer is a flash in the pan.(许多人认为那位歌手红不了多久。) When I first heard the news,I too dismissed it as a flash in the pan.(我一开始听到这个消息时,也认为这事长不了。) 2. Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States,since conventional measures suggest that both economies,and especially America's,have little productive slack. 【译文】经济学家对英美两国有利的通胀率感到特别诧异,因为传统的计量方法表明两国经济,特别是美国经济几乎没有生产萧条的时

大学英语四六级长难句分析

大学英语四六级长难句分析

真题应用:四六级真题长难句分析 一、基本结构的长难句 1.断开 2.简化 二、特殊结构的长难句 1.分裂结构 2.嵌套结构 3.平行结构 基本结构的长难句 基本结构的长难句: 1. 断开 (1)标点 (2)连接词:从句开始于连接词,结束于? (3)分析主谓 连接词断开,结束于标点 But this is a real-life argument before a Supreme Court that has a well-earned reputation for looking out for the interests of large corporations . (CET-6, 201312 仔细阅读2) If it has to hire a caregiver for every two children, it can ’t really achieve any economics of scale on labor to save money when other expenses go up. (CET-4, 201412 仔细阅读 1) 断开 1 标点 2 连接词 3 分析主谓 简化 1 定位谓语动词 2 去修饰找核心

More than half of all recent graduates are unemployed or in jobs that do not require a degree, and the amount of student-loan debt carried by households has increased more than five times since 1999. (CET-4, 201312 长篇阅读) 连接词断开,结束于下一个连接词前 Imagine the number of teaching jobs that might be eliminated if this could be done for math, economics, chemistry, and so on. (CET-6, 201406长篇阅读) Although it has been nearly 30 years since the first commercial mobile-phone network was launched, advertisers have yet to figure out how to get their messages out to mobile-phone users in a big way. (CET-4, 201312 选词填空) 连接词断开,结束于第二个谓语动词前 Those who stay on for an additional two years can earn a master’s degree that qualifies them as nurse practitioners or clinical nurse specialists. (CET-4, 201312 选词填空) People who score on personality tests as more sympathetic cry more than those who are more

相关主题
文本预览
相关文档 最新文档