Scoring Mtrices

6个读码框翻译
5’端到3’端 第一位起始： ATG AGT ACC GCT AAA TTA GTT AAA TCA AAA GCG ACC AAT CTG CTT TAT ACC CGC 第二位起始： TGA GTA CCG CTA AAT TAG TTA AAT CAA AAG CGA CCA ATC TGC TTT ATA CCC GC 第三位起始：
上机实习1：网上运行blastx和blastn
(NCBIblast网址：/BLAST/）
>lesson.seq.screen.Contig34
TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTAGTGCCAGTTTTTTTTTTTATTTGTAAAGCTCTGCCATAAACTTCTAGCGTGTGCCAATGGTCACCTGC CACACTCGCACCAGGTTGTCCGTGTAGCCAGCAAACAGAGTCTGGCCATCAGCAGACCAGGCCAGGGAGGTGCACTGGGGTGGTTC TGCCTTGCTGCTGGTACTGATAACTTCTTGCTTCAGTTCATCTACAATGATCTTTCCCTCTAAATCCCAGATCTTGATGCTGGGGC CTGTGGAGCACACAGCCAGTAGCGGTTAGGGCTGAAGCACAGGGCGTTGATGATGTCCCCACCATCTAGCGTGTAAAGGTGTTTGC CTTCGTTGAGATCCCATAACATGGCCTGGCCATCCTTGCCTCCAGAAGCACAGAGGGATCCATCTGGAGAGACAGTCACCGTGTTC AGATAGCCTGTGTGGCCAATGTGGTTGGTCTTCAGCTTGCAGTTAGCCAGGTTCCATACCTTGACCAGCTTGTCCCAGCCACAGGA GACGATGATAGGGTTGCTGCTGTTGGGCGAGAAGCGGACACAAGACACCCACTCTGAGTGGCTCTCATCCTGGACAGTGTATTTGC ACACACCCAGGGTATTCCATAGCTTGATGGTTTTATCTCGAGATCCAGAGACAATCTGCCGGTTGTCAGAGGAGAAGGCCACACTC AGCACATCCTTGGTATGGCCCACAAATCGCCTCGTGGTGGTGCCCGTTGTGAGATCCCAGAAGGCGCAGGGTTCCATCCCAGGAGC CTGAGAGGGCAAACTGGCCATCTGAGGAGATAACCACATCACTAACAAAGTGGGAGTGACCCCGCAGAGCACGCTGTGGAATTCCA TAGTTGGTCTCATCCCTGGTCAGTTTCCACATGATGATGGTCTTATCTCGAGAGGCGGAGAGGATCATGTCCGGGAACTGCGGGGT AGTAGCGATCTGGGTTACCCAGCCGTTGTGGCCCTTGAGGGTGCCACGAAGGGTCATCTGCTCAGTCATGGCGGCGGCGAGAGCGT GTTCGCTGCAGCGACGAGGATGGCACTGGATGGCTTAGAGAAACTAGCACCACAGTCGACC

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Copyright © 2007, SAS Institute Inc. All rights reserved.

简单的序列比对
• 将两条序列左端对齐，放在两行中。 • 如果某列中两条序列的字符相同，则用竖线（|）将
它们连起来。 • 这是最佳比对结果吗?
是否有更好的比对结果？
• 如果我们仅仅将它们相对移动两个位置， 就可得到更好的比对结果：
结论
• We can not simply put both sequences one alongside the other, but we must compare them in all possible shiftings looking for the best alignment.
双序列比对多序列比对序列比对dna序列比对蛋白质序列比对序列比对软件氨基酸序列比对序列全局比对图片比对照片比对
复习
1. 数据库检索和数据库搜索的概念 2. Entrez数据库检索系统 3. SRS 数据库检索系统
双序列比对 （Pairwise Sequence Alignment）
1. 为什么要进行序列比对？ 2. 序列比对相关术语 3. 最佳比对 4. 利用计算机进行序列比对 5. 序列的点阵作图比对 6. 双序列比对工具
potential similarities
30-40
30 Longer, weaker local alignments
< 30
4.1.3 PAM 和 BLOSUM 的差别
• PAM 矩阵是从蛋白质序列的全局比对 结果推导出来的;
• BLOSUM 矩阵则是从蛋白质序列局部 比对推导出来的。
Rat versus mouse RBP
“午夜区”（ midnight zone ）
• 当相似性低于10%时，就进入了“午 夜区”（ midnight zone ），这时无法 检测结构的相似性。

All of the test items for the SB5 are contained in 3 item books Item Book 1 contains the first two (routing) subtests After the second subtest has been administered, the examiner has recorded estimated ability scores designed to identify an appropriate start point in Item Books 2 & 3
Hierarchical Structure of SB5 Scoring System
Five Factors
Factor Name Fluid Reasoning Knowledge Quantitative Reasoning Visual-Spatial Processing Working Memory Brief Definition Novel problem-solving; understanding of relationships that are not culturally bound Skills & knowledge acquired by formal & informal education Knowledge of mathematical thinking including number concepts, estimation, problem-solving & measurement Ability to see patterns & relationships & spatial orientation as well as the gestalt among diverse visual stimuli Cognitive process of temporarily storing & then transforming or sorting information in memory