第九章 翻译后翻译修饰的鉴定

第九章Section B Basic Principles of ID®Many current instructional models suggest that the most effective learning environments are those that are problem—based and involve the students in four distinct phases of learning ：(1)activation of prior experience；(2)demonstration of skills；(3)application of skills；(4)integration of these skills into real—world activities.Figure9.2.1 illustrates these five ideas.Much instruetional practice concentrates primarily on phase2and ignores the other phases in this cycle of learning.许多现行的教学模型建议最有效的学习环境是那些正在学习、参与学生学习的四个不同阶段:(1)激活的经验;(2)演示技巧;(3)应用的能力;(4)整合这些技能,成为真正的——世界活动。

图9。

2。

1说明了这些五的想法。

多instruetional实践集中主要在第二阶段,而忽略了其他方面在这个循环的学习。

At the too level.the instructional design prescriptions based on first principles are as follows ：：(1〉Learning is facilitated when learners are engaged in solving real-world problems.在太水平。

学习必备欢迎下载课题第九讲；汉英翻译连动式与兼语式课时需 2使学生了解汉英翻译连动式与兼语式的翻译方法教学目的要求教学重点汉英翻译连动式与兼语式技巧。

汉英翻译连动式与兼语式方法及要求。

教案编写教学难点日期3月 30日教学内容与教学过程提示与补充一、连动式的译法汉语连动式的特点是：两个或两个以上的动词与同一个主语发生主谓关系。

连动式的这两个或两个以上本节课主的动词所表示的动作、行为，在顺序上不能变动。

要是讲解在翻译连动式时，首先根据英语的特点，将表示主从关系的连动式的主要动词翻与课堂练译成英语的谓语，将其他动词翻译成不定式、分词、介词或介词短语。

如果连动习相结合。

式里的几个动词只表示动作先后关系，则按照动作发生的先后，翻译成几个并列做到精讲的谓语动词。

多练。

一、表示先后关系的连动式通常将几个动词译成谓语动词，按照原文的次序，用and 加以连接。

这是翻译连动式的最基本的方法。

1、他把书接过来摆在桌子上。

He took the book and laid it on the desk.2.这个军官放下杯子站了起来。

The officer put down his glass and stood up.表示 3. 他打开抽屉拿出词典来。

Opening the drawer, he took out a dictionary.4.他到火车站发现火车已经开走了。

Arriving at the station, he found that the train had left.5.她备好了课开始写日记。

Having prepared her lessons, she began to write up her diary.动作先后的连动式，第一个动词也可用分词结构来翻译。

如：二、表示“手段、目的”关系的连动式，翻译时通常是把前一个动词，即表示手段的词翻译成谓语，而后一个动词即表示目的的词，则用不定式译成目的状语。

第九章（2691---2888）2691 Y o u r v e s s e l h a s j u s t f i n i s h e d b u n k e r i n g a n d h a s a s m a l l l i s t d u e t o i m p r o p e r d i s t r i b u t i o n o f t h e f u e l o i l.T h i s l i s t w i l l c a u s e _________.A. A decrease in reserve buoyancyB. A decrease in the maximum draftC.The vessel to flop to port and starboardD.你船已结束加装燃油并且由于不合适的燃油分配有轻微倾斜。

这种倾斜将导致（不导致浮性，吃水和船底拍浪（影响不大））2692 Y e s t e r d a y a f t e r n o o n2c a r g o s u r v e y o r s a p p o i n t e d b y t h e c o n s i g n e e c a m e o n b o a r d f o r i n v e s t i g a t i o n.I t o l d t h e m t h e c a r g o w a s l o a d e d b e t w e e n A u g.14t h.a n d16t h.u n d e r f a v o r a b l e w e a t h e r w i t h o u t a n y r e m a r k s o n_________.A.Log bookB.Short/over-loaded cargo listC.D.Manifest昨天下午两名收货人指定的货物检验员登船。

1．Gases such as carbon monoxide, emitted by factories and automobiles, have seriously polluted the atmosphere.工厂和汽车发出的一氧化碳一类的气体严重污染了大气2．The industrial engineer’s letter indicates that he doubts the feasibility of the plan.那为工业管理工程师来的信表明，他对改项计划是否可行有怀疑3．Many parents in the United States set aside a fund for their children’s education before they are born.美国许多父母在孩子出生之前就为他们的教育留出一笔专款4．I have made sure that her conclusion is based on facts.我已了解清楚，她的结论是以事实为根据的5．The medical team, composed of three doctors and two nurses, set off for the mountain(ous) area a few days ago.几天前，由三位医生和两名护士组成的医疗队出发到山区去了6．The village is named after the high mountain that stands in front of it.这个村庄是以树立在它前面的那座高山命名的7．He was ill for about a week, which has really set him back in his studies.他病了一个月左右，这使他在学习上耽误了很多8．The war that broke out between the North and the South in 1861 is known in history as the American Civil War.南方和北方之间于一八六一年爆发的那场战争在历史上称为“美国内战”1．Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word.她砰地关上门，一声不吭地走了，他们间那场争执就此结束2．The guest at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the American.出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人威严的语气感到有点以外3．Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone.约翰尼已长大成熟，不再害怕独自呆在家里了4．While all the other passengers made for the exit, he alone remained in his seat as if unwilling to leave the plane.当全部乘客都向出口处走去时，他却独自留在座位上，好象不愿意离开这架飞机似的5．The letter is to be handed to Dr. Wilson himself.这封信必须交给威尔逊博士本人6．While she felt like joining in the argument, Nancy was too shy to open her mouth.南希虽然很想参加辩论，但腼腆得不敢开口7．What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home?你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他8．The hunter’s face (was) lit up with excitement as soon as he saw a fox emerge from among the bushes and run in thedirection of/ make for the trap he had laid.猎人一看见有只狐狸从树丛中出现并向他设下的陷阱方向跑去，脸上顿时闪出了兴奋的表情It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of 11 be appointed to make a new constitution.会上有人建议任命一个十一人委员会来制定新章程2．By making on-the-spot observation, the young scientist obtained first-hand information they needed in their research work.这些青年科学家通过现场观察，获得了研究工作所需的第一手资料3．It is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because of his bad eyesight.他很可能会因视力不好而被拒收入伍4．The committee members have conflicting opinions as to the best location of the new airport.委员会成员在新机场最佳选址这一问题上持有不同意见5. Henry’s works of art are superior in many respects to those of his brother’s.亨利创作的艺术品在许多方面比他兄弟的要好6. The steady rise in the quality of our products owes much to the improvement of our equipment我们产品质量的稳步提高在很大程度上是由于设备有所改进7. Jim would have preferred to act on his own judgment, but he didn’t because as a soldier he had to obey the order.吉姆本想按照自己的判断行事，但他没有这样做，因为作为军人他得服从命令8. Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a city without bikes or one without cars. I should not hesitate amoment to prefer the latter.如果让我来决定我们是要一个没有自行车的城市呢，还是要一个没有汽车的城市，我会毫不犹豫地选择后者1. She got a post as a cashier at a local bank. But she was soon fired because she proved to be incompetent.她在当地一家银行找到一份出纳员的工作，但不久因不称职而被解雇了。