Translation Lecture 试讲

We should always be ready to admit what we know and do not know. （T）
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三、汉语范畴词英译方法
1. 省译使表达抽象化 1) 如果我们不对儿童进行教育的话，那 就要使他们沦入世世代代的愚昧状态。
Not to educate the children is to condemn them to repetitious ignorance.
Local authorities should work hard to create jobs.
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2. 转译法使表达抽象化
1）交出翻译之前，必须读几遍，看看 有没有修改的地方。
Before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected or improved.
2 We have winked at these irregularities too long. 我们对这些越轨行为宽容得太久了。
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3 He was described as impressed by Deng’s flexibility. 据说他对邓的灵活态度印象很深。
4 What they wanted most was an end of uncertainties.
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四、英语抽象名词的汉译
1. 范畴化
英译汉时可以使英语抽象的概念具体化，根 据具体的语境加上 “方法”、“现象”、“局势 ”、“状态”、“情况”、“政策”、“做法”、“习 俗”、“精神”、态度”：“问题”等范畴词，使 译文含义清晰，行文流畅。

Lecture note 21、直译（literal translation）VS意译（free translation）直译：是既保持原文内容、又保持原文形式的翻译方法或翻译文字。

直译不等于硬译或死译，也叫逐字翻译——就是以词为单位进行考虑的，力求目的语的每个词都能与原语的每个词对等。

直译不仅能保持原作的特点,而且还可使读者逐步接受原作的文学风格，促进语言多样性，丰富目的语的语言形式，以利跨文化沟通与交流。

Eg:1.dark horse（黑马）brandy（白兰地）rifle（来福枪）carnation（康乃馨）litchi（荔枝）salon（沙龙）engine（引擎）gentlemen’s agreement（君子协议）one country，two systems（一国两制）2.to show one’s cards摊牌3.Soon got, soon gone.来得容易，去得快。

4.Speech is silver, silence is golden.雄辩是银，沉默是金。

5.There is no smoke without fire.无火不生烟6.The worst wheel of a cart creaks most.最坏的车轮最会嘎嘎响。

7.Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见，心不念。

8.来得易，去得疾。

Easy come, easy go.9.同一个世界，同一个梦想。

One world, one dream.10.She has many hot potatoes to handle every day.她每天都要处理很多棘手的问题。

11.Partly as a result of the recently increasing demand, whole sale tea prices havealmost doubled.部分由于日益增长的需求，批发茶的价格几乎翻了一番。

3. From the communicative point of view: translation aims at the pass of information from one language to another
• • • • • • •
• • • • •
(1) Nice day, isn’t it? 您吃饭了吗？ (2)Misquito, Bye, Bye, Bye. 蚊虫，杀杀杀！ (3)I am looking forward to your response at your earliest convenience. 急盼早复！ (4)At the request of Party B, Party A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment. 应乙方要求，甲方同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方安装设备。 (5)保护绿草，留住绿意。 Keep off the grass. (6) 闲人免进\油漆末干\小心地滑 Staff Only\Wet Painting\Caution: Wet Floor
What is translation ?
• Discussion: What is translation? • Directions: discuss with whoever you like around you in five minutes, and then come back with an idea of yourself . • Examples to be illustrated: • 1）你吃了吗？ • 2）叔叔，欢迎你来北京。 • 3）My dear Mr. Bennet…

当史蒂夫被介绍给这对老年夫妇的时候，他们只是淡淡 地说：“我们看过你的文章，但没想到你这么年轻。” 3. The thought of returning to his native land never deserted him.
归国的念头始终萦绕在他的心中。
C. Affirmation--Negation 4 .That’s a thing that might happen to any man. 原译：这样的事情可能发生在任何人身上。
技巧3/4-省译和增译练习：
1. We can not see sound waves as they travel through air. 2. The dog is stretching itself. 3. It was a cold, dark day, the sky overcast. 4. I can do it, and so can you. 5. Smoking is not allowed in the store-house. 6. Where there is a will, there is a way. 7. A wise man will not marry a woman who has attainment but no virtue. 8. 他们开始研究敌情，分析敌情。 9. 礼拜天我们不上学。 10. 孩子就是孩子。
8. All graduates from the Foreign Languages Institutes will not be appointed to do translation work. [Version]
技巧5-正说反译、反说正译法练习答案：
1. 我没能说服他，让他知道自己的错误。