阅读理解能力提高技巧

阅读理解能力提高技巧（一） 词义猜测

一、 词义猜测题常用的提问方式有： 1.Which of the following is the nearest in meaning to “...”? 2.What does the underlined word/sentence mean in the last paragraph? 3.What does the author probably mean by “...”? 4.The underlined word “...” in the context/in Paragraph...probably means . 5.The term “...” can be best replaced by . 6.The word “...” probably refers to . 7.As used in the line...,the word “...” refers to . 8.According to the passage,the word “...” is known as . 9.The word/phrase “...” is closest in meaning to . 10.By saying “...”,the author means . 11.The passage uses the word “...” to refer to . 12.According to the author,the underlined word “...” means . 13.From the context/passage,we can infer that the word “...” means .

二、做题方法： 方法一：Definition 定义法： 一般通过定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。 信号词：be, be called, means, be defined as ,that is, that is to say,in other words,----- (破折号)等

猜测划线部分的词义： 1.It will be very hard but very brittle — that is , it will break easily.

2.The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. 3.A mosquito is a small flying pest that thrust the skin and then drink blood. 4.Desert can be defined as a large area of land where there is not enough rain and vegetation to support human life.

考点突破：猜测划线部分的词义 1.A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.

2.His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. 3.They are vertebrates,that is ,animals have backbones. 4.The period of adolescence,i.e.the period between childhood and adulthood ,may be long or short. 5. “Getting the cold shoulder” means that some one is actually in a way that makes you feel unwanted. The very words create a picture: You can imagine a friend turning away so that, instead of a warm greeting, you receive only his shoulder– a “cold” shoulder. The expression “getting the cold shoulder” means ____. A. being treated rudely by paying no attention to you B. greeting you friendly C. greeting you by rubbing shoulders with you D. feeding you cold meat

方法二：Contrast 对比法：利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。 表示对比的信号词有yet, but,while ,though however, otherwise, on the one hand…on the other hand, for one thing…for another thing, instead of 等。

猜测划线部分的词义： 1.Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.

2. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty. 3.In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.

考点突破：猜测划线部分的词义 1.Some human actions are learned, but quite a few other actions are innate.

2.Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the theft.

3.Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented.

4.She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. A.on time B. late C. slowly D. quickly

方法三：Similarity 相似法：利用同义词、近义词（词组）或相似的结构猜测词义。 信号词: or, like , as„as, the same as等就可以通过同义词、近义词来确定词义了。 猜测划线部分的词义： 1.Cleaning up waterways is an enormous task .The job is so large, in fact, that the government may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes which have been polluted.

2.The new tax law supersedes, or replaces, the law that was in effect last year. 3.Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter. 考点突破：猜测划线部分的词义 Some of US looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard，rocking the sheets to the fight or left while we conjured up our designs. Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. The underlined phrase in paragraph 3 most probably means _____________. A. formed an idea for B. made an outline for C. made some space for D. chose some colors for

方法四： Cause and Effect 因果法：从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。 因果关系信号词: because, since, as, for, due to, so, therefore, so„that, such„that, thus

猜测划线部分的词义： 1.One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing.

2.That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day. 3.Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very elastic. 4.The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow. 考点突破：猜测划线部分的词义 When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective. The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off” (in para.3) means that the colours_______ A. Attracted the customers strongly B. Had weak effects on the customers C. Tricked the customers into shopping D. Caused the customers to lose interest