综合测试试题及答案(二)

绝密★启用前 试卷类型：B2023届广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）物 理本试卷共6页，15小题，满分100分。

考试用时75分钟。

注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。

用2B 铅笔将试卷类型（B ）填涂在答题卡相应位置上，并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。

2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。

答案不能答在试卷上。

3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答无效。

4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、单项选择题：本题共7小题，每小题4分，共28分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．如图所示的火灾自动报警器具有稳定性好、安全性高的特点，应用非常广泛，其工作原理为：放射源处的镅Am 24195放出的α粒子，使壳内气室空气电离而导电，当烟雾进入壳内气室时，α粒子被烟雾颗粒阻挡，导致工作电路的电流减小，于是蜂鸣器报警，则A ．发生火灾时温度升高，Am 24195的半衰期变短B ．这种报警装置应用了α射线贯穿本领强的特点C ．Am 24195发生α衰变的核反应方程是e Am Pu 012419524194-+→D ．Am 24195发生α衰变的核反应方程是He Np Am 422379324195+→2．用手上下抖动绳的一端，产生一列向右传播的横波．某时刻波形如图，其中a 、b 、c 是绳上的三个质点，则A ．a 向上振动B ．c 向下振动C ．a 速率最大D ．b 速率最大3．如图，某同学将空的玻璃瓶开口向下缓缓压入水中．设水温均匀且恒定，瓶内空气无泄漏，不计气体分子间的相互作用，则被淹没的玻璃瓶在下降过程中，瓶内气体A ．内能增加B ．向外界放热C ．对外界做正功D ．分子平均动能减小4．如图，光导纤维的内芯折射率为n 1、外套折射率为n 2，光由光导纤维的一端从空气进入内芯后，经多次全反射传播到另一端射出，则A ．n 1 > n 2B ．n 1 < n 2C ．11sin n =α D ．21sin n =α5．如图甲所示的黑光灯利用紫色光引诱害虫飞近高压电网罩来击杀害虫．图乙是黑光灯高压电网罩的工作电路，变压器将有效值为220 V 的交变电压变成高压，当高压电网罩的电压峰值达到3110V 时，可击杀害虫，则变压器的匝数比n 1︰n 2为A ．1︰10B ．1︰20C ．22︰311D ．311︰226．潜艇从海水的高密度区驶入低密度区，浮力急剧减小的过程称为“掉深”．如图a 所示，某潜艇在高密度区水平向右匀速航行，t =0时，该潜艇开始“掉深”，潜艇“掉深”后其竖直方向的速度v y 随时间变化的图像如图b ，水平速度v x 保持不变．若以水平向右为x 轴，竖直向下为y 轴，则潜艇“掉深”后的0~30s 内，能大致表示其运动轨迹的图形是7．已知地球同步卫星距地面的高度约为地球半径的6倍，月球绕地球一圈的时间约为27天．如图，某时刻地球、月球和同步卫星的中心在一条直线，此时月球到同步卫星的距离与地球半径之比约为A ．28B ．48C ．56D ．63二、多项选择题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分。

班级 考号○ 订 ○ 内 期末素养综合测试(二)(满分100分，限时60分钟)一、选择题(每小题3分,共27分)1.(2022江西定南期中)体育活动中蕴含很多物理知识,下列相关说法中正确的是 ( )A.乒乓球被扣杀后飞向对方,说明力可以维持物体运动B.足球被踢出后仍能继续运动,是因为受到惯性力作用C.铅球落地后将地面砸了个坑,说明铅球受力发生了形变D.用力扣杀排球时手感到疼痛,说明力的作用是相互的1.答案 D 乒乓球被扣杀后飞向对方,说明力可以改变物体的运动状态,故A 错误;足球被踢出后仍能继续运动,是因为足球具有惯性,仍要保持原来的运动状态,故B 错误;铅球落地时将地面砸出了一个坑,说明力可以使物体的形状发生改变,故C 错误;用力扣杀排球时手感到疼痛,这个现象表明物体间力的作用是相互的,故D 正确。

2.【跨学科·地理】(2022河南淅川期中)如图所示,小雪用放在水平面上的两个实验装置来观察并研究大气压的变化,下列说法正确的是( )A.甲图中大气压变大时,玻璃管内的液面会上升B.乙图中大气压变小时,玻璃管内的液面会下降C.乙装置更能准确地测量出大气压的值D.两个实验装置均不受环境温度的影响2.答案 A 甲图是托里拆利实验,玻璃管内是真空,当大气压变大时,玻璃管内的液面会上升,能准确测出大气压的值;乙图中,外界大气压变小时,玻璃管内的液面会上升,瓶内封闭部分气体的压强受温度影响大,虽然能测出水柱的高度,但不知道容器内的气体压强,不能测出大气压的值。

3.在探究“杠杆平衡条件”实验中,在杠杆两侧挂上数量不等的钩码,移动钩码使杠杆在如图所示的水平位置平衡。

以下操作中,能让杠杆在水平位置再次平衡的是( )A.左、右两端,各减少一个钩码B.左、右两端的钩码下方,各增加一个钩码C.去掉左边一个钩码后把右边的平衡螺母向左调D.左边增加一个钩码且把右边的钩码向右移动一格3.答案 D 设每个钩码重力均为G ,杠杆上每小格长度为l ,A 中左端力和力臂的乘积为2G ×2l =4Gl ,右端力和力臂的乘积为G ×3l =3Gl ,两端力和力臂的乘积不相等,杠杆不平衡,不符合题意;B 中左端力和力臂的乘积为4G ×2l =8Gl ,右端力和力臂的乘积为3G ×3l =9Gl ,两端力和力臂的乘积不相等,杠杆不平衡,不符合题意;C 中去掉左边一个钩码后,探究过程中不能移动平衡螺母使杠杆平衡,不符合题意;D 中左端力和力臂的乘积为4G ×2l =8Gl ,右端力和力臂的乘积为2G ×4l =8Gl ,两端力和力臂的乘积相等,杠杆平衡,符合题意。

答：这份礼物要（ ）元钱。
２１元
方法不唯一
方法一：52－11＋13＝54（位）
方法二：52＋13－11＝54（位）
方法三：52＋（13－11）＝54（位）
（2）52－11＋13＝54（位）
54＞50
坐不下。
（3）54－50＝4（位）
口答：还要下去4位乘客。
松鼠一共摘了48个松果
3×4=12（人） 一共有12个同学
1065 965376 3760500厘米 50分米
6103 6130205 5022千米 200米
二、我会选（把正确答案前面的序号填在（ ）里）（10分）
1、下图小梅看到的汽车的样子是（ ）。
A． B． C．
2、无论从什么角度看，（____）看到的形状都是一样的。
A． B． C．
3、两个10分）
18÷2＝8＋29＝24÷3＝69＋5＝4×9÷6＝
28÷4＝27÷3＝5×8＝36÷4＝42÷7÷3＝
32÷4＝3×7＝8＋8＝24－8＝28÷7×8＝
36－4＝21－3＝20－5＝9×5＝2×4×9＝
五、列式计算。（10分）
1、1、
2、
六、我会画。（10分）
1、在下面的四边形中画一条最长的线段，量一量。
2、两位数乘一位数(不为0)，积可能是________位数，也可能是________位数。
3、我们学过的长度单位有（_____）和（_____），1米＝（_____）厘米。
4、如图苹果的位置为（2，3），则梨的位置可以表示为__________，西瓜的位置记为__________。
5、68厘米+32厘米=（______）厘米=（______）米（______）小时=60分

2014版译林牛津8B Unit2综合测试题及答案Class_______ Name____________一、单项选择(15 )( ) 1. How many films ________ you ________ recently? None.A. did; seeB. are …seeingC. has… seenD. have …seen( ) 2. He has never ________ of such a thing before.A. hearB. hearedC. heardD.hearing( ) 3. More than 20 people ________ in traffic accidents ________ last May.A. died; forB. have been dead; sinceC. have died; forD. have been dead, for( )4.The Statue of Liberty is in .A.JapanB.EnglandC.ChinaD.the USA ( )5.David went to buy some stationary souvenirs my cousin.A.for;forB.as;asC.for;asD.as;for( )6.The match was and I felt .A.exciting; excitedB.excited; excitingC.excited; excitedD.exciting; exciting( )7.Thailand is so hot that peoople like to go every day.A.skatingB.skiingC.cyclingD.swimming ( )8.I became a student ten years . I have been a student ______1996. I have studied here about 10 years.A. ago, since, forB. ago ,for ,since,C. ago, before, for D ago, in, after( )9.Mr Li Kunming. He the city three times.This time he Kunming for three days.A. has been to ,has gone to ,have been inB. has gone to ,has been to , has been inC. has been in, has been to ,have gone toD has gone to, has been in , has been to( )10.That book is . It brings the readers with .A. delightful , delightfulB. delight , delightC. delightful , delightD. delight , delightful( )11 ---What are you going to do this weekend?----- I _____ yet.A haven’t decidedB won’t decideC have decidedD didn’t decide ( )12 There_____ a hospital in my hometown fifty years ago.A hadB was used toC wereD used to be( )13 ----What a nice bike! How long ____ you ____it?----- Just two weeks.A have, boughtB did, buyC have, hadD are, having( )14---I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.----- Oh, I’m sorry. I _____ dinner at a restaurant at that time.A haveB hadC was havingD have had( )15 There ______ great changes in our hometown in the past fifteen years.A has beenB have beenC wasD were二、完型填空（10分）Many people like traveling for their holiday. They go to 1 , seaside or forests. Some people like 2 , so they like to visit some old interesting places. In many countries, the travel agency （旅行社）can help you 3 your holiday. You can tell the travel agency what kind of 4 you like, how much 5 you want to spend, and the travel agency will give you a lot of information about where to go, how 6 there, where to stay, and what kind of activities you can do there. 7 the holidays is 8 “Package” holiday.That is, you just 9 the money, and the travel agency will plan 10 for you, the ticket for the train or plane, the hotel, the activities, and so on.( )1. A. schools B. shops C. hills D. the Great Wall( )2. A. history B. music C. country D. time( )3. A. to plan B. planned C. plans D. planning( )4.A. weather B. holiday C. train D. city( )5. A. water B. day C. time D. money( )6. A. get B. to get C. getting D. got( )7. A. Both B. All C. One of D. Every one of( )8. A. call B. calling C. calls D. called( )9. A. take B. pay C. cost D. have( )10.A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something三、阅读理解（20分）AIt is over a year now since Cathy came to China. She is now living in Nanjing and has worked in a computer factory for six months. This factory is in the north of the city, and her flat is in the south. But, she has never been late for work.Cathy is very popular in the factory. She is kind to everybody and gets on well with the Chinese workers. After work, in the evenings they visit each other and talk about almost every thing.However, Cathy has made up her mind to leave the factory. She is going tofind a job in a travel service. “If I work in a travel service, I’ll be able to meet more people. I can learn more about China,” she told her friends.One day last week she had a talk with the manager(经理) of the travel service. He seemed pleased with her Chinese. At the end of the talk, he said, “I’ll give you a ring in a week and tell you the result.” Now Cathy is waiting for the answer.( )1. Cathy has been in China for .A. more than a yearB. half a yearC. two and a half yearsD. two years( )2. She is for work.A. always lateB. always on timeC. never on timeD. often late ( )3. Almost in the factory knows Cathy.A. nobodyB. somebodyC. everybodyD. anybody ( )4. She wants to work in because she wants to know more about China and the Chinese people.A. the southB. the hometownC. the northD. the travel service ( )5. Cathy’s must be quite good.A. ChineseB. MathC. JapaneseD. physicsBO. Henry, a famous American writer of short stories, was born in North Carolina in 1862. O. Henry was a pen name. His real name was William Sydney Porter. When he was a young boy, he did not go to school for long because of being born in a poor family, but he tried to teach himself everything he needed to know.When he was about 20 years old, O. Henry went to Texas. There he tried different jobs. He first worked on a newspaper, and then had a job in a bank. But he got himself into some trouble. Some money went missing from the bank. O. Henry was believed to have stolen it, so he was sent to prison(监狱). During the three years in prison, he learned to write short stories. After he got out of prison, he went to New York and went on writing.He wrote mostly about New York and the life of the poor there. People liked his stories, because almost all of them finished with a sudden change. This made the readers surprised.( ) 6. ___________ was the real name of the famous American writer.A. O. HenryB. William Sydney PorterC. CarolinaD. Texas ( )7. O. Henry was sent to prison because _________________.A.people thought he had stolen money from the newspaper.B.People thought he had stolen money from the bank.C.he wanted to write stories about prisoners.D.he broke the law (法律) by not using his own name( ) 8. Which of the following is true?A.O. Henry was from a rich familyB.O. Henry was in school for a long time.C.O. Henry learned everything he needed by himself.D.O. Henry liked writing stories when he was a little boy.( ) 9. O. Henry got most materials for his stories from ______________.A. his happy life as a boyB. New York and the poor of the cityC. the newspaperD. his life in prison( ) 10. People enjoyed reading O. Henry’s stories because _________________A. they had surprising endingsB. they were easy to understandC. they showed love for the poorD. they were about New York四、词汇（25分）A.根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填空。