大学英语综合教程4第三版(DOC)

Unit3 READING AND UNDERSTANDING1. Why did the writer's father keep his old ba ttle jacketA.To show how dangerous his role in D-Day had been.B.To demonstrate his loyalty to his old regiment.C.To explain that he might have died; and therewould have been no family.D.To remind himself that he'd been very lucky.2. Does the writer think we still dress exclusi vely for comfortA.No; because there are many other reasons to c hoose the clothes we wear.B.Yes; but it's especially important in cold cou ntries.C.No; because the fashion shows influence our ch oice of clothes.D.No; because most people are fashionistas.3. Why might people wear certain clothes for pa rticular occasionsA.To disguise themselves and to avoid drawing at tention to themselves.B.To be able to feel comfortable in the evening s or at weekends.C.To make others see them in a positive way.D.To draw attention to their extravagant tastesin clothes.4. Why might you keep certain clothes today whi ch you wore in the pastA.Because we associate them with a special pastoccasion.B.Because they can still fit.C.Because they are expensive.D.For functional reasons.5. Are our clothes simply something we wearA.Yes; even clothes which are inappropriate.B.No; they also show our social status.C.Yes; but they have a decorative function.D.No; they represent all aspects of who we are.1. Now and then I dress formally; but usually I wear casual clothes.Answer: ________2. If the bullet had been a few centimetres to the left; my father would have received a deadly wound.Answer: ________3. Is it really true that wearing dark colours shows a lack of interest in clothesAnswer: ________4. Although my father wasn't killed; he didn't manage to move quickly enough to avoid the bullet.Answer: ________5. Fashionistas often think that mixing different colours creates a good look.Answer: ________6. The 1 suggestion of the saying; "There's no such thing as bad weather; just the wrong clothing" is that we can't change the climate; we just need to dress 2 appropriately. Answer: 1 ________ 2 ________7. People always make choices about what to wear; so I'm not convinced when they say they're not interested in clothes.Answer: ________1.O ccasionally2.mortal3.indicates4.dodge5bining6.implic ation7.accordingly8.dubiousa-45 b-23 c-5 d-3 e-4 f-1What kind of clothes do you like to wear; comfortable and1low-maintenance items like jeans and T-shirts; which you can relax in and are easy to clean; or some 2exquisite and beautifully made high-fashion items In fact; most of us 3gauge the social circumstances first; which will then 4dictate the clothes we finally choose to wear. We usually wish to give an 5favourable impression of ourselves; so this usually suggests a dark suit and an 6crisp white shirt; or an 7modest sweater and skirt for interviews; and fashionable but not 8extravagant clothes when seeing your friends.1.A n invasion is likely to be an occasion when____.A.one army enters the territory of another armyB.one army wins a war over another army2. Something superficial ____.A.goes deeply into something elseB.affects only the surface of something else3. If something grazes your skin; it injures yo u ____.A.severelyB.lightly4. If someone speaks in a tactful way; they ____.A.talk in an explicit wayB.in a way which avoids upsetting5.Fabulous clothes are ____.A.expensive and of the highest qualityB.ordinary and everyday6.If you disguise yourself; you wish to ____.A.show your identityB.h ide your identity。

Unit11.Taxes are a(n)obligation which may fall on everybody. 1税收是一个义务，可能会落在每个人。

2.2 We applauded the authority's decision not to close the hospital. 2我们赞扬了当局不关闭医院的决定。

3. The doctor's instructions must be fulfilled exactly; the sick man's life depends on it. 3。

医生的指示必须精确地完成，病人的生命取决于它的寿命。

4. Do these opinion polls really . mirror what people are thinking? 做这些民意调查真的。

镜子有什么人在想什么？5，I prefer to think of memorization as a stepping-stone to flexibility in use of words and phrases. 我更相信记忆是垫脚石对于灵活地使用的单词和短语。

6. In her office memos she tended to devalue the work done by her staff.在她的办公室备忘录她倾向于贬低她的工作人员所做的工作。

7. The history of railroad transport has partly been a history of striving for greater efficiency and profit. 铁路运输的历史部分一直是追求更高的效率和利润的历史。

8. He took on the new post without having the faintest idea of whatit entailed，在他上任之前他对他的新职位一无所知9. He is supposedly one of the greatest experts in that field. 他是一个伟大的专家在这一领域。

Unit Three Book FourPage 67Task One1)No, he doesn’t. He still feels uncertain about knowledge and life, though he has spent 39years of his life either studying or teaching in schools.2)The author compares knowledge to a dot, or a period at the end of a sentence. According tothe author, the tiny circumference of the period represents the interface of the known with the unknown, i.e. the boundary between what we know and what we don’t know. As the period grows, so does its circumference. In other words, the more we know, the more we know how little we know.3)The author thinks that reading rather than answering questions, only creates more of them.All his reading has made him see how little he really knows and how much more he needs to read and think and write. Once he has finished reading a book, he always feels that he needs to read three more to gain a better grasp of the topic.4)The author thinks of his writing not as articles or as columns but as essays---a word fromFrench, meaning “to try”. He is trying to find truth through his writing.5)The author intends to tell us that knowledge is boundless. It grows and changes with theprogress of time. We should never be constrained by what we have learned and should be ready to accept new ideas.2one 1—5 the author presents paradox that the more you know, the more you don’t know.He gives an example of modern physics in which the more scientists search for the truth of nature, the more mysterious and unpredictable they find nature istow 6—9 the author illustrates the paradox with his person at experience in reading , learning and writing . it took him a long time to get rid of the shadow of his paradox and now he has come to realize that it is not his knowledge that qualifies him to write but rather it is his writing that gives him the skill and chance to acquire knowledgethree 10—11 the author suggests that an understanding of the limitation of one’s knowledge will encourage one to pursue and challenge truth persistently.Task Two1）People might think that with his 39 years’ experience of either studying or teaching in schools, the author should feel confident when talking about knowledge and life.However, the author says that he doesn’t have the confidence at all.2）Unlike other people who are confident about what they write, the author writes just to clarify his doubts. So his writing is not the conclusion of what he knows, but areflection of what he tries to understand, which may lead to more questions on thesubject he writes about.3）Though you may feel that the more you know, the more you know you don’t know, you must try to pursue knowledge persistently. If you stop trying, you may never be able toapproach truth. Learning is the only hopeful way to find truth.4）Today we base our belief on what we know and behave accordingly. Tomorrow, however, we may find what we have learned is no longer true. Therefore, we mustalways be prepared to pursue knowledge and seek truth at all times even though we cannever really grasp it.Page 75Checking Your VocabularyWord Detective1.1) d 2) g 3) e 4) f 5) b 6) a 7) h 8)cPage 762.1) (n.) the art or science of government.(n.) activity within an organization by which some members try to gain an advantage over others.2) (n.) a usu. Round container, such as a pot, cup, or barrel, used esp. for holding liquids.(n.) a ship or large boat.3) (n.) an apparatus by which a user can give instructions to and get information from esp.a large computer to which many users are connected.(n.) the area or building at an airport which is used by passengers leaving and arriving by aircraft.4) (n.) the art or practice of managing a business.(n.) the people in charge of a company, industry, .etc.5) (vi.) fail suddenly and completely; break down.(vi.) fall down suddenly as a result of pressure or loss of strength or support.6) (vi.) set (an apparatus) up so that it is really for use.(vt.) place (oneself) in a comfortable position where one wishes to stay.7) (a.) based on a system in which information is represented in the form of changing electrical signal.8) (a.) showing information in the form of numbers which can change.Page 773.1) sort out 2) stopped in his tracks 3)to such an extent that 4) act on 5) took up Page 78Checking Your Comprehension1)human treat; both experience and information2)facts; know-how3)very inefficient; lack of trust and resistance to change4)cultural and language barriers can elevate distrust to such an extent that an exchange ofknowledge becomes almost impossible5)two; the collapse of Digital Equipment Corporation; Mobil’s failure to introduce new oilrefining process6)while technology assists transfer of knowledge, with lack of trust and resistance tochange, knowledge transfer will remain a tough problem in the “knowledge era”Page 792)Words In Action3)Working with Words and Expressions1.1) quest4)remained5)consume6)likewise7)vessel8)qualify9)stiff10)collapsed11)predict12)inevitably13)absorbed14)sheer15)refining16)paralyzed17)exchangePage 802.1) in a way2)act on3) to such a extant that4) opens up5)close off6) look intoPage 81Increasing Your Word Power1.Clipped words Original forms Clipped words Original formsFax Facsimile Fridge RefrigeratorAuto Automobile Memo Memorandum Burger Hamburger Poli-sci Political science Demo Demonstration Sub Substitute/submarine Flu Influenza Zoo Zoological garden2.Nouns/Adjectives Suffixes Uncountable Nouns Chinese meaningsKing-dom/-hood Kingdom 王国；领域Father Fatherhood 父亲身份（或资格）Adult Adulthood 成年Brother Brotherhood 手足之情；同胞之爱Free Freedom 自由；自主Duke Dukedom 公爵的爵位Likely Likelihood 可能性Neighbor Neighborhood 街坊四邻；住宅区Wise Wisdom 智慧；才智woman womanhood 女子成年期；女子气质3.1）positive2) certain3) less4) unknown5)complete6) infinite7) hopeless8) modern9) individual10) contradictoryPage 82Grammar Review1.1) If they hadn’t broken away from the out-of-date regulation, they wouldn’t have made great advances in their work.2)If they hadn’t taken proper care of her, she wouldn’t have recovered so rapidly.3)The conference wouldn’t have been so successful if we hadn’t made adequatepreparations.4)We would have had a hard time if we hadn’t followed the right instructions.5)The flood would have caused great damage to our property if we hadn’t built so manyreservoirs.6)They would have succeeded in the experiment if they had followed the right procedure. Page 832.1) If English hadn’t become a language of international business after world war Ⅱ, most developing countries wouldn’t have required students to study it at school.2) If William hadn’t involved English in 1066, the English language wouldn’t have had many words of French origin.3)If modern English hadn’t developed from several different languages, the grammar and spelling rules wouldn’t have been so irregular.4) If England hadn’t been conquered by the Normans in 1066, French wouldn’t have become the main language of the ruling class at that time.Page 84Cloze1)topic2)creates3)really4)grasp5)sure6)opposite7)contradictory8)reality9)physical10)rigidity11)individual12)humility13)rainbow14)falsehoodPage 85Translation1.1) Most people strongly believe that the count will no doubt punish the bank robbers severely.2)The medical workers overcome one difficulty after another in their long term quest for a cure for the disease.3)Acting on the information they received , the police closed the streets and caught the bank robbers.4)We were amazed at learning that the newly-built TV factory can produce 500,000 TV sets in the first year.5)The government is looking into the causes of so many layoffs and it trying to help the laid-off workers to be re-employed.6)To expand the sales of its product ,the company has taken up various measures to open up new markets and to improve its services.7)He has neglected his studies to such an extent that I'm afraid it's impossible for him to catch up with the other students in a month.8)The fireworks factory was closed last month for falling to comply with the government safety regulations.9)It remains to be seen whether our football team can beat its opponents.10)Mr. Smith predicted that the recent oil discoveries together with the use of new technologies , would lead to a decline in the price of crude oil.2We all know that knowledge is power but we are seldom aware of how difficult knowledge transfer is. According to Victoria Griffith; there are many barriers to knowledge transfer and lack of trust is one of the major ones.It seems to her that people are only willing to absorb knowledge readily from those they know and trust. For example, in the early 17th century, Galileo argued that the earth and the other planets move around the sun, but this knowledge was rejected by the general population at that time because the Italian over three hundred years ago trusted the Roman Catholic Church more than they trusted science .What was worse, Galileo had to spend the rest of his life under house arrest for his ideas.Victoria Griffith reminds us that knowledge transfer is still a tough problem although we are living in the “knowledge era”.Barriers to Knowledge TransferKnowledge transfer is a human phenomenon and plays a very important role in the process of human evolution. With the knowledge accumulated over generations, human beings can now build and transform societies with unprecedented knowledge resources.However, there are many barriers to knowledge transfer. For example, lack of trust and resistance to change undermine the transfer of knowledge. People are less likely to acquire knowledge from those whom they don't trust or to adopt new theories and practices they are not familiar with. Cultural and language barriers also hamper the transfer of knowledge between nations or ethnic groups. It would be almost impossible for people who speak different languages or dialects with different cultural backgrounds to communicate effectively, not to mention exchanging knowledge.An underdeveloped economy is another barrier to knowledge transfer. The lack of socio-economic and techno-environmental cooperation, as well as poor communications infrastructure, can greatly hinder the flow of knowledge within and between nations.To remove these barriers, people should change their attitude towards knowledge transfer and the learning of foreign languages and cultures. At the same time, efforts should be made to develop a better world economy.。

大学生综合英语教程4大学生综合英语教程4 (English for College Students 4) 是一本针对大学生的英语综合教材，主要包括听力、口语、阅读和写作等方面的训练。

教材内容丰富多样，涵盖了各个领域的主题，旨在培养学生的综合语言能力和跨文化交际能力。

下面将对教材的主要特点和优势进行详细介绍。

首先，大学生综合英语教程4注重培养学生的听说能力。

在听力部分，教材提供了丰富多样的听力材料，包括课堂对话、面试、新闻报道等，涉及到各个方面的主题。

通过听力练习，学生可以提高自己的听力理解能力和听力反应速度。

在口语部分，教材通过课堂讨论、角色扮演等活动，培养学生的口语表达能力和沟通能力。

学生在与同学的互动中可以得到更多的语言输出机会，提高口语水平。

其次，大学生综合英语教程4注重培养学生的阅读能力。

通过阅读各种不同类型的文章，学生可以拓展自己的词汇量和阅读理解能力。

教材涵盖了文化、科技、环境、教育等丰富多样的主题，使学生可以更好地了解和理解世界的多样性。

同时，教材还提供了丰富的阅读训练，帮助学生提高快速阅读和综合理解的能力。

此外，大学生综合英语教程4注重培养学生的写作能力。

通过写作训练，学生可以提高自己的语法水平和表达能力。

教材提供了各种不同类型的写作任务，如议论文、说明文、图表描述等，鼓励学生进行独立思考和写作实践。

学生可以通过写作训练，提高自己的写作技巧和表达能力。

总之，大学生综合英语教程4是一本涵盖听、说、读、写各个方面的综合性教材。

通过听力训练、口语训练、阅读训练和写作训练，学生可以全方位地提高自己的英语综合能力。

教材丰富多样的题材和训练形式，使学生在学习英语的过程中可以更好地了解和应用英语，培养自己的跨文化交际能力。

大学生综合英语教程4是一本适合大学生学习的英语教材，可以有效提高学生的英语水平。