2020 北京西城区高三二模英语

2020届北京市西城外国语学校高三英语第二次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMany workers have had no choice but to adapt to working from home in recent months since offices shut down due to the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠疫情). And the noisy situation and endless housework may result in a terrible emotion. A new option is waiting foryou. That is WFH: work from a hotel.Hotel FigueroA special program titled Work Perks aims to reposition some of 94-year-old Hotel Figuero’s 268 rooms as day-use offices.According to Managing Director Connie Wang, the set-up launched in June and is a great opportunity to get out of their houses with high-speed Wi-Fi, unlimited printing privileges and free parking. The 350-square-foot rooms sell for $ 129 per day, with an option to extend to an overnight stay for an additional $ 20.The WytheA boutique hotel inBrooklyn. The hotel recently announced a partnership with co-working office space company Industrious through which it is recycling 13 second-story guest rooms to serve as offices for up to four people.Each of the rooms has a small outdoor platform, and dogs are welcome. Pricing starts at $ 200 and goes up to $ 275, depending on how many people use the space.The SawyerThe Sawyer, in Sacramento, California, is offering pool cabanas (更衣室) for use as outdoor offices, complete with fast Wi-Fi, free parking and catered lunch for $ 150 per day.HotelsByDayYannis Moati founded HotelsByDay back in 2015. That company has grown to include more than 1,500 hotels, and has seen a significant increase in the number of inquiries for day-use bookings lately.Moati said the current situation will force hotels to upgrade themselves to stay alive, and he predicted that offering rooms for day-use only is one of the directions they will go.1. How much should one pay for a 24-hour stay in Hotel Figuero?A. $ 129.B. $ 149.C. $ 150.D. $ 200.2. Which hotel allows pets in?A. The Wythe.B. The Sawyer.C. HotelsByDay.D. Hotel Figuero.3. What do we know about Yannis Moati?A. He started a program titledWork Perks.B. He has upgraded at least 1,500 rooms.C. He usually predicts everything correctly.D. He is optimistic about the WFH trend.BAbout 12 years ago, Sandy Cambron noticed her mother, Pearl Walker, had become quiet after she moved into a nursing home for patients of Alzheimer's disease inKentucky.“We tried everything — photos, old stories — but nothing worked,” she said. “It was really hard for everyone to see how she had changed.” Then one day whileSandywas in a toy store, she had an idea: Why not givePearla baby doll so she could feel as if she were caring for something again? And why not give one to all the other care center seniors?As soon asSandygavePearlthe doll, her mother's face lit up. “She started talking again and she never went anywhere without that baby,”Sandysaid. “She took 'baby' to the dining room with her and slept with her in her arms every night. When she passed away a year later, we even buried her with that well-loved baby doll.”In the following 10 years, Sandy and her husband, Wayne Cambron, continued to buy dolls and hand them out to the elderly of care centers near their home every New Year. Now Pearl's Memory Babies is anonprofit (非营利) organization that has contributed more than 300 dolls to old people with Alzheimer's disease at nursing homes since February 2018.Last year,Sandyposted New Year’s photos on Facebook, all of which are about seniors reacting to dolls thatshe and Wayne sent to a local nursing home. The post was shared more than 210,000 times overnight. People gave almost $15,000 online. That helped the group buy many dolls.“The dolls offer treatment and comfort,” said Elise Hinchman, who works at a care center inKentucky, "Some seniors cry when they get a doll. And they always rock and talk to their dolls. People with Alzheimer might lose their memories, but they don't lose their ability to love.”4. How did Pearl change after she moved to a nursing home?A. She hardly talked.B. She lost hope in life.C. She felt bored.D. She forgot everything.5. How didPearlreact after receiving the doll?A. She began to cry.B. She was very delighted.C. She played it with a baby.D. She was unconcerned about it.6. What's paragraph 5 mainly about?A. What Sandy did for her mother.B. People's reaction toSandy's post.C. The rising needs for baby dolls.D. HowSandybecame a celebrity.7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Good News for Alzheimer's PatientsB. How to Remove Alzheimer's DiseaseC. Baby Dolls Cheer up Alzheimer's PatientsD. Daughter Helps Mother Recover MemoryCEven plant can run a fever，especially when they're under attack by insects or disease．But unlike human，plants can have their temperature taken from 3，000 feet away straight up．A decade ago，adopting the infrared （红外线）scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites，physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick wayto take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress．The goal was to let farmers precisely（精确的）target pesticide（杀虫剂）spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field，which always includes plants that don't have pest problems．Evenbetter，Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye．Fixed on a plane flown at 3，000 feet at night，an infrared scanner measured the heat sent out by crops．The data were transformed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants were running "fevers"．Farmers could then spot﹣spray，using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide that they otherwise would．The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984，after only three years．Farmers resisted thenew technology and long﹣term supporters were hard to find．But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce and refinements（改进）in infrared scanning，Paley hopes to get back into operation．Agriculture experts have no doubt that the technology works．"This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，" says George Oerther of Texas A& M，who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture，thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade．But only if Paley finds the financial support which he failed to obtain 10years ago．8. Plants will give out an increased amount of heat when they are ．A. facing an infrared scannerB. sprayed with pesticidesC. exposed to extreme sun raysD. inpoor physical condition9. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely，we can use infrared scanning to ．A draw a color1﹣coded mapB evaluate the damage to the cropsC. locate the problem areaD. measure the size of the affected area10. The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties of ．A. the lack of official supportB. its high costC. the lack of financial supportD. its failure to help increase production11. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ．A. full support from agricultural expertsB. the forceful promotion by the Department of AgricultureC. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produceD. growing concern about the over use of pesticides on cropsDMany cars in advertisements and on exhibition in the United States are red, blue or green, but almost 75 percent of new cars sold in the United States are black, white, silver orgray.Les Jackson is a reporter who writes about cars. He says the color1 s of cars Americans choose do not show dirt. He says that means the owners wash their cars less in order to save money. And he notes some areas that are suffering from water shortages do not permit people to wash their cars often.Dan Benton works for a company called Axalta, which makes supplies for international car makers. He says white cars are often sold more expensive than cars of other color1 s. And he notes that white cars “absorb(吸收)less energy” than cars of other color1 s. This means temperatures inside them are lower in warmer areas. Benton also says research at Monash University in Australia suggests that there is a lower risk of crashes duringthe day for white cars compared with darker ones.Car buyers in other countries also like white. Jane Harrington works for PPG Industries, a company that makes paint for cars. She said in China, buyers say white makes a small car look bigger.About 11 percent of cars sold in North America are red and 8 percent are blue. Green has become less popular. Benton notes that in the mid-1990s green was the most popular color1 in North America. Today, green is hard to find.Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color1 of their cars —— technology may let owners change their cars’ paint color1 anytime.12. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Most Americans don’t like red cars.B. People in America are not allowed to wash their cars.C. Many people prefer to choose white cars in America.D. Americans may consider the cost of cleaning when choosing cars.13. Why do many people choose white cars?A. They are much cheaper than cars of other color1 s..B. They are much safer while crashing.C. They are bigger than cars of other color1 s.D. They are more comfortable inside in warmer areas.14. What do we know from the text?A. Les Jackson is a member of Axalta.B. Most Americans rarely wash their cars.C. PPG Industries mainly produces cars in China.D. Green cars were once popular in North America.15. What does the text mainly tell us?A. Choices of car color1 sB. How to buy a good car.C. Differences of car color1 s.D. Popular car color1 s in history.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2023届北京市西城高三二模英语试题(含解析)2023届北京市西城高三二模英语试题(含解析)Introduction:As the 2023 Beijing West District high school seniors prepare for their second mock exams, the English Language paper remains a significant part of the assessment. In this article, we will explore the contents of the exam and provide detailed explanations for each question.Part 1: Reading ComprehensionThe reading comprehension section, which accounts for 40% of the total marks, aims to evaluate students' understanding of written English texts. This part consists of four passages, each followed by a set of questions.Passage 1: Technology AdvancementsThe first passage discusses recent technological advancements and their impact on society. Questions will assess comprehension of the main ideas, details, and vocabulary in the text.Passage 2: Environmental IssuesThe second passage focuses on environmental issues and the importance of sustainability. Questions may require students to identify the author's opinion, evaluate arguments, and infer meaning from context.Passage 3: Cultural DiversityPassage three explores the significance of cultural diversity in modern societies. Questions will test students' ability to analyze the text'sorganization, draw conclusions, and make connections between different ideas.Passage 4: Historical EventsThe final passage delves into significant historical events and their relevance in contemporary society. Students will be asked to interpret figurative language, summarize information, and identify the author's purpose.Part 2: Vocabulary and GrammarThis section aims to assess students' understanding and proper usage of vocabulary and grammar rules. It constitutes 30% of the exam's total marks.Question 1: VocabularyStudents will need to demonstrate their knowledge of synonyms, antonyms, and context-based vocabulary by completing sentences with appropriate words or phrases.Question 2: GrammarIn this section, students will face various grammar-related questions, including sentence completion, error identification, and transformation exercises.Part 3: WritingThe writing section accounts for the remaining 30% of the exam's marks and requires students to showcase their writing skills.Question: Write an article about the benefits of physical exercise for teenagers.In response to this question, students should structure their article with an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. They should provide relevant examples, explore the positive impact of exercise on physical and mental health, and elaborate on how regular physical activity can contribute to academic success.Conclusion:The 2023 Beijing West District high school seniors will face the second mock exam, which includes a comprehensive English Language paper. This examination covers reading comprehension, vocabulary and grammar, and a writing task. Students should prepare diligently to ensure success and improve their overall English language proficiency. Good luck!。

2020海淀二模第一节（15分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。

你们班拟开展“阳光心态，轻装前行”的活动，现面向全班征集活动设计方案。

请给你的英国朋友Jim写信，内容包括：1.介绍你的方案；2.征求他的建议。

注意：1.词数不少于50; 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

One possible version:Dear Jim,As the College Entrance Exam is nearing, our class is collecting ideas for an activity aimed to help us stay positive and manage stress. I would like to share mine with you.The first part of my plan is a lecture on stress management. An expert will be invited to offer us practical tips on that topic. Following the lecture, in a peer sharing session, we can share how we feel with each other. My plan also involves an afternoon of fun sports for everyone. Games like kite flying and fun relay races will be organized to give all students some precious quality time together. The whole class can not only take a break from the tight schedule, but also enjoy moments of accomplishment during the process.What do you think of my plan? Since you are experienced in organizing extracurricular activities, can you give me some suggestions? Thanks a lot!2020西城二模第一节（15 分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。

2020-2021学年北京市西城外国语学校高三英语二模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFine art fairs（艺术博览会）are the trend of the 21st century, with new art and antique（古玩）fairs and festivals springing up in diverse parts of the world. Here is a list of four noteworthy art fairs.Art Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandThe granddaddy of art fairs, Art Basel, was established in 1970 by a group of local art gallerists and is the biggest contemporary art fair in the world. Art Basel takes place over a 5-day period each June in Basel, Switzerland. The high cost of renting space for gallery owners is offset（抵消）by the huge attendance at the fair. For example in 2010, about 60,000 visitors attended Art Basel.Frieze Art Fair, London“Frieze Art Fair was established in 2003 and is one of the few fairs to focus only on contemporary art and living artists.v"Thefair takes place every October in Regent's Park, London. It features over 170 of the most exciting contemporary art galleries in the world. ”In addition to the fair which began in 2003, the fair owners Matthew Slotover and Amanda Sharp publish Frieze, an international art magazine established in 1991 and devoted to contemporary art.TEFAF Maastricht, the NetherlandsEstablished in 1975 as The Pictura Fine Art Fair, and renamed The European Fine Art Foundation（TEFAF）, Maastricht in 1996, the fair includes 260 of the world's most famous art and antique dealers from 16 countries.The 24th edition of the TEFAF fair held March 18 — 27, 2011 featured 260 dealers exhibiting approximately 30, 000 artworks and antiques with an overall value of $ US 1. 4 billion.ARCO, MadridARCO Madrid was established in 1982 and is one of Europe's leading and popular art fairs. In addition to the exhibiting galleries（in 2011, 197 international art galleries participated）, a seriesof lectures and specially focused exhibitions take place.1.How does Art Basel cover the expense of renting space?A.By selling tickets.B.By selling expensive exhibits.C.By donation from dealers.D.By support from the government.2.The owners of Frieze Art Fair are also in charge of____.A.170 living artists.B.An international art magazine.C.30,000 artworks and antiques.D.A series of lectures.3.Which of the following has the longest history?A.Art BaselB.Frieze Art FairC.TEFAFD.ARCOBHundreds of millions of people watched on television on July 20, 1969, when American astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to land on the moon. Back then, businesses sold many products connected to the event and many such products are now on sales again — in celebration of the moon landing’s 50th anniversary.A limited number of Omega’s gold Speedmaster watches — the same kind that Buzz Aldrin wore on the moon — will be sold at $34,600. Omega Speedmaster watches have been an important part of space travel since NASA chose them for its moon landing in 1965. Other watches had failed required tests. Omega gave its gold Speedmasters to the astronauts at a dinner in 1969 before the landing. Another less costly type of silver Speedmasters will be sold at $ 9,650. It carries a picture of Aldrin stepping down from the moon lander.Something for children-as well as adults — is the NASA Apollo 11 moon lander set. Made by Lego, it is a group of small pieces to put together to make a model of the moon lander.Other things for sale include the anti-gravity Fisher Space Pens,developed just for the Apollo 11 mission. They work even when writing upside down. Now Fisher Space Pen Company has a limited-edition pen for sale at anout-of this-worldprice: $700, with real material from the Apollo 11 spacecraft.Back in 1969, companies were quick to show their Apollo 11 connections with media and advertisements. The food company Stouffer’s made sure consumers knew it provided food for Apollo 11 astronauts once they returned to Earth. It started the ad campaign “Everybody who’s been to the moon is eating Stouffer’s”. Fifty years later, the company is celebrating with a media campaign to share some recipes from 1969.Marketing experts David Meerman Scott says, “Since 1972,we’ve gone around and around the earth many times, and it is not interesting to people any more. I’m not sure whether they can accept such crazy prices. Now NASA has had plans to go to Mars in the 2030s and marketing efforts for a NASA Mars mission should be in development.”4. What can we learn about the gold Speedmaster watch?A. It will be sold at $34,600.B. NASA bought itats9,650.C. It has Aldrin’s picture inside.D. It was chosen by NASA in 1969.5. What does the underlined word “out-of-this-world” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Extremely fair.B. Surprisingly high.C. Really low.D. Truly worthwhile.6. What does David Meerman Scott mean?A. It is a waste of money to go around and around the moon.B. People will be interested in the products connected to Apollo.C. Since 1972,governments have lost interest in moon explorations.D. The event of going to Mars will be another good chance to advertise.7. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?A. To show how to design the best advertisement.B. To forecast the sales of the products in the text.C. To introduce some of the products connected to Apollo 11.D. To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the first moon landing.CLike all cultural institutions, galleries and art fairs are adapting to a new reality.Art Basel Hong Kong, Asia's biggest contemporary-art fair, was cancelled because of covid-19, but anyone he who had planned to visit last week could enjoy an experimental alternative：the viewing room. At the click of a keyboard) you could enter an overall view but private visual salon, without having to brave the airless Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre.There, on one webpage, was Jeff Koons riffing(翻唱)on Botticelli's "Primavera" in a tribute to the history of painting at David Zwirner Gallery. Ota Fine Arts offered one collector the chance to acquire an "infinity(无限)room“, one of the most Instagrammed artworks of recent years- the creation of the fantasies,nonagenarian (九十多岁) Japanese artist, Yayoi Kusama. White Cube presented a large collection of international works by Andreas Gursky (German), Theaster Gates (American) and Beatriz Milhazes (Brazilian). But not every artist, gallery and form showed to equal advantage in this alternative fair. Not surprisingly, simple two-dimensional works in bright colours came across best No sculpture or conceptual art was includedBesides depth and texture, there are aspects of gallery hopping that a website is unlikely to copy. One isserendipity—the sense of wandering between artworks and encountering the unexpected. Another is sociability. Art is a communion between artist and viewer, but galleries and fairs are also places to swap opinions and shareenthusiasms.Thereare ways to compensate (or these inevitable(不可避免的)disadvantages. As they shut their physical doors, some of the world's nest galleries and museums are offering advanced interactive visits, 360 degree videos and walk around tours of their collections, allwithout queues and high ticket prices. One of the best is laid on by the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam；its tour allows visitors to view its Vermeers and Rembrandts, including the magnicent "Night Watch”, far more closely than would normally he possible. Another standout offering is from the Museu de Arte de SPaulo, which has an even broader collection. On its virtual platform, its pain tings, spanning 700 years, appear to be hanging in an open-plan space, seemingly hung on glass panels, or "crystal easels” as the. museum calls them, ideal for close-up inspection,8. From the paragraph 3, we may knowA. "Primavera" was originally painted by JeKoonsB.“innity room” was the most popular artworks of recent years on social mediaC. White Cube displayed a great many works by artists from different nationsD. Various paintings and statues showed on the webpage are well-received9. What does the underlined word "serendipity" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. surpriseB. treasureC. expectationD. compromise10. What is the purpose of writing the last paragraph?A.To introduce some popular art show in the world.B. To show that there are some alternative ways to promote the display during covid-19 epidemic.C. To prove that paintings hung on glass panels can be idealfor close-up inspection,D. To release some information about some extraordinary art shows.11. What is the best title?A. Art beyond the internet.B. Fascinating art.C. Art under covid-19.D. gallery hoppingDWhen visitors enter Planet Word, a new museum in Washington, D. C , they will see Speaking Willow, a tall art piece representing a tree. As they pass under the artwork, they can hear recordings of speech in hundreds of languages coming from the tree. Most words sound foreign to the listeners. The different voices also speak at the same time. The resultingclamoris similar to that made in a crowded theater before a show begins.Rafael Lozano-Hemmer completed the piece last year. On his website, the artist says that Speaking Willow“reminds us that language is what defines our specific communities and connects our many cultures.” Lozano-Hemmer made the piece specially for the museum.It is the first of many immersive (身临其境的) experiences for visitors at Planet Word, a museum all about words and language. The exhibits playfully explore the lager and complex subject of language.In one room, a video plays, showing babies saying their first words. Another room, called “Where Do Words Come From”, teaches the history of some common English words. The space includes a 22-foot-tali “Wall of Words”, where visitors speak into devices and learn about the roots of the English language.Another room invites listeners to speak and learn about different languages. Native speakers of 28 languages and two sign languages teach people sayings in those languages. They also explain how language shapes their understanding of the world and how words cannot be separated from culture.Other rooms explore the different ways language is used — from humor and song writing to public speaking and advertising. Visitors can sing karaoke while learning about song writing, record a famous speech, play a joke-telling game, and teach a computer how to make cartoons. Almost every exhibit is interactive and most ask visitors to speak aloud.One exhibit room is all about books. It is designed to look like an old, rich library. Books line the shelves. When a book is placed on the table, a recorded reading begins and pictures appear.12. What does the underlined word “clamor” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Scene.B. Noise.C. Language.D. Appearance.13. The SpeakingWillowwas created ______.A specially B. accidentallyC. on requestD. out of curiosity14. What can we learn from the video in the room?A. Words and cultures.B. Different languages.C. The history of words.D. The first words newborns say.15. In which paragraph can you find the methods of using languages?A. 3.B. 4.C. 6.D. 7.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

西城区高三模拟测试试卷英语2024.5本试卷共14 页，共100 分。

考试时长90 分钟。

考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

You may have heard of the famous workplace communication software, Slack. Many companies use Slack to virtually communicate across teams. What most people don’t know is that Slack, despite its 1 , was never meant to exist. In fact, the company who developed Slack actually had been hoping to create the next popular video game. But after raising millions of dollars to fund the game development, the company ultimately 2 the project because the game failed to attract enough users.The 3 goal of the company wasn’t achieved. However, during the process of creating their game, something else happened. The team realized that the system they created to accompany the game was worth investing more time in. And they 5 to invent the communication system idea for one of the fastest-growing startups (初创公司) in history, and Slack was born.An outcome-focused company might have just moved on from the failed video game or, worse, continued investing resources, risking further negative outcomes. But 6 , thi s company didn’t do that. 7 , they had been paying attention to the process. Focusing on the process allowed this company to 8 and redefine their desired outcome.You’ve probably heard a quote or two in your life about the 9 of “the journey”—how often the journey is more significant and impactful than the 10 . The company that developed Slack understood this principle, and by focusing on the process rather than the outcome, they were able to achieve greater success than they first had hoped for.1. A. problem B. history C. success D. limitation2. A. took down B. shut down C. cut down D. passed down3. A. immediate B. general C. real D. initial4. A. chat B. sign C. control D. power5. A. intended B. managed C. pretended D. promised6. A. luckily B. naturally C. likely D. hopefully7. A. Therefore B. Still C. Thus D. Instead8. A. predict B. achieve C. adapt D. watch9. A. origin B. challenge C. importance D. purpose10. A. distance B. destination C. determination D. direction第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

2020北京各区高三二模英语分类汇编—语法填空2020海淀二模ADuring my childhood,whenever the sun dropped and the blue sky came up,my father and I would climb the mountain near our house.Walking together,we had a lot of conversations through__1__I learned many valuable lessons.He always stressed to me,“You should have objectives and capacity like the mountain.”This has2(large) influenced my life.3__the mountain-climbing,we couldn't have had enough time to spend together because my father was busy.BYou have probably dreamed about__4you would change the world,only to find that it seems impossible. However,you may have the power5___(make)the world better with baby steps.That’s the idea behind the BA Challenge,which is a public service campaign co-initiated by Alibaba and Sina Weibo.It asks people to do something positive and then record the changes before and after.Since its first6__(appear)on Sina Weibo on Sept.2nd,the BA Challenge has attracted millions of viewers and participants.7__these little things may be easily ignored in our daily lives,they are well received by many viewers.CThere’s nothing better than flying to a foreign destination to visit the attractions it8___(have)to lions of people are doing the same,and why not?The world has an amazing variety of must-see sights,from breathtaking natural scenery to impressive old cities.But the problem is that too many of us9___(visit)them at the same time, putting pressure on these delicate and ancient places.That's why a number of beauty spots and historic sites have been introducing charges or restrictions on the number of tourists.There are many reasons for this:to reduce overcrowding, to manage wear and tear on old buildings and to tidy up the mess10(leave)behind.2020西城二模（一）AMia rushed home and threw open the front door.Her mother turned around,surprised that Mia was home from school so early.“I won first place in the art contest!”she said(1)pride and raised her head,expecting praise. Though Mia(2)(work)eagerly on her art submission for weeks,her mother wasn’t sure(3)the projectinvolved.“That’s wonderful,Mia!What was the subject of your art project?”her mother asked.Smiling from ear to ear,Mia handed over her artwork.It was a portrait of her mother.BA study found that adults aged18to33checked their smart phones85times a day,or once every10minutes.As I learned during my experiment,(4)(place)some distance between myself and my device helped me devote myself to my work more(5)(easy).By not having my smart phone,my distraction(消遣)time went down and thus my work time(6)(spend)more efficiently and effectively.On numerous occasions,I found(7)(I)wondering what to do with the afternoon since I had already completed my high-impact tasks for the day.With the extra time,I can finally enjoy the pleasures of life.CIn June2012,China’s first manned deep-sea submersible(潜水器),Jiaolong,set a world diving record for submersibles of its kind by reaching a(8)(deep)of7,062meters in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean.In2017, China successfully tested a submersible(9)(call)Shenhai Yongshi,capable of diving4,500meters.(10)much of Jiaolong’s equipment was imported,about95percent of Shenhai Yongshi and its core components were produced domestically,said Xu Qinan,the chief designer of Jiaolong.2020西城二模（二）ADuring a trip to New York City,Alabama woman Mary Anderson1(notice)a trolley driver couldn’t see well when it was snowing.At that point,drivers had to open the window2(clear)it,letting snow and rain into the vehicle.As a solution,Anderson designed and patented wood and rubber arms3would push rain and snow off the window at the pull of a lever(控制杆).But she was told her4(invent)was distracting and impractical,and she never profited from her design.BThe red-crowned crane(鹤)is one of the5(large)cranes in the world,standing at about150cm tall.Its feathers are as white as snow,except for some black ones on its face,neck and wings.Its unique feature,from which it gets its name,is the bright red skin on the top of its head.The red-crowned crane6(find)in China,Russia, Mongolia,Japan and the Korean Peninsula(半岛).In China,it spends the warmer months in the rivers and wetlands in the north-east.7the weather gets cold,it migrates to east-central China.The red-crowned crane is a symbol of long life and good luck in Chinese culture.CNearly two decades have passed since China sent the first Beidou satellite into space in2000.During that time, more Beidou satellites were sent into orbit(轨道),8(form)the Beidou Navigation Satellite System(BDS).In late2012,it began providing positioning,navigation,timing and messaging9(service)to people in China and other parts of the Asia-Pacific region.At the end of2018,BDS started to serve users worldwide.Now with two more Beidou satellites10(launch)on Dec16,2019,BDS has53satellites in orbit.2020朝阳二模AA man called Andy set out for the Pacific Crest Trail,1stretches from the borders of Mexico to Canada. He decided to take a selfie(自拍)every single mile along the4,286-kilometre journey.Andy created a time-lapse(延时的)video from his five-month hike and he was almost unrecognisable towards the end of the video—he had lost23kilograms.2(sad),he never finished the journey,as he3(trap)by a snowstorm about418kilometres from the end.BA US astronaut,Christina Koch,spent328days in space,which is a record for a female astronaut.She completed her mission,landing in a remote area of Kazakhstan.Koch concluded six space walks and she did some experiments that studied4people are able to live outside Earth.Her time in space allows researchers5(study)the effects of a long-term spaceflight on the female body.NASA says the findings6(help)the agency during its future missions to the moon and Mars.CThe European Parliament(议会)voted for7(cancel)the summer time by2021.The next step is to discuss the issue with EU countries.The current law8(make)EU countries move their clocks forwards on the last Sunday in March and move them backwards on the last Sunday in October.Some people say that the summer time saves energy,9the European commission(委员会)says that the 10(save)are small.Also,most people in the EU want to cancel the summer time.2020东城二模AAs a child growing up1England,James Reynolds was always excited by thunderstorms.Now,he runs straight towards them as a“storm chaser”.Specialising in hurricanes and volcanoes,Reynolds travels the world to shoot pictures of Earth’s most extreme weather events.The pictures are used by TV news channels around the world. It’s a2(danger)job though.He has almost been hit by flying window frames twice in the past183 (month).However,he says the chase is always worth it for the places he has been to and the brilliant people he has met along the way.BAmateur explorers have found what may have been the last undiscovered island on Earth.The island is round and about three quarters of a mile wide.It sits in the northern Pacific and is a place4it’s neither too hot nor too cold.It’s almost completely flat and rocky.The island’s only distinguishing feature is a slight hill on the eastern side. After spotting the hidden piece of land in5first looked like an e-map fault,the group of friends6(set) out in a boat to confirm what they’d found.They’re now running an online contest to name the island.CPoetry is a beautiful art form.Its power lies in the ability to transform ordinary experiences by capturing（捕捉）a moment or emotion.7(write)poetry is a privilege and struggle,in part because we need to create in8 (we)a new way of observing the world,capturing microscopic moments as materials for our work.Most of our time at the desk9(spend)wrestling with our imagination,and we know that a successful poem arrives on the back of failure.There are moments when an idea will not translate onto paper.Yet,failure is good,because every10 (abandon)line we painstakingly remove prepares us for the ripe poem around the corner.2020密云二模ALast week,our class was on duty for student self-management.On the first day,I was shocked to see so much leftover food thrown away by students.What a waste!Being concerned about it,my classmates and I had a heated discussion on how to solve the problem.Finally,we all1(agree)that the wall newspaper would be the best choice.The next day,we put our idea into reality.Towards lunch time,we put2a wall newspaper outside the school cafeteria,calling on students not to waste food.Many students gathered around to read and expressed their support.To my great delight,there were changes soon.In the cafeteria,I found the trays returned after lunch all emptywithout any leftover.Food3(save)and the dining hall was cleaner.BAs we know,the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe mainly due to global warming, environmental pollution and the ever-increasing population.Therefore,it’s high time we did something about it. Firstly,an4(effect)way,I think,is to reserve water in a scientific way for future use.Secondly,new methods need to be developed to use the existing water resources,for example,5(turn)sea water into fresh water. Thirdly,we must stop water pollution by st but not least,it’s everyone’s responsibility6(make)good use of water,such as recycling and saving water in our daily life.In conclusion,people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage,protect the present water resources and explore potential ones scientifically.CThe Palace Museum is working to take cultural relics into people’s daily life and bring their culturalvalue into full play by selling cultural and creative products,on the theme of“Bring the Palace Museum culture home”.The creative products mostly are creative daily necessities,like stationaries,bags,decorations and so on.7(Base) on the treasures in the museum,the Palace Museum has developed products such as Qianli Jiangshan series and Qingming Shanghe Tu series,Palace Dolls,folding fans,8are very popular with young people.The Palace Museum now9(change)the traditional way of communication,learns to use a variety of ways to publicize excellent traditional culture,and lets the Palace Museum cultural heritage resources live.The culture creative products are definitely brilliant choices for10(gift)that bear unique royal features.2020昌平二模AHuman beings love the world of nature that surrounds1___(we),and we enjoy seeing the wild world up close. When people wish to interact with a wild creature,an easy method is to attract it with some food.However,feeding wild animals is dangerous and unwise.The first problem is that animals are not meant to eat the same foods as people do.Many cheap human snacks,like fries and bread,are just not good for animals.Also,animals2___are fed by humans will lose their fear of people.This makes them easy targets for hunters,3someday attack people.it’s also possible that they couldBBob4(sort)through some of his old stuff.During the process,he cameacross a box full of old toys and journals,as well as some old photos from his childhood.Holding one of the photos,Bob started to look back upon the very day this photo5(take)30years ago,and he got really emotional. It was the day he first learned how to ride a bike.In the park,his father patiently pushed his bike from behind as Bob had trouble riding on his own.Bob kept falling from the bike,but his father was always there,6(encourage) him.Eventually,he got the hang of it.Bob thought it was the best day of his life at the time.CRecycling paper is a great way to help the environment,but reusing things___7(make)from paper is even better. Take a copy of magazine,for example.Once you8(finish)reading it,don’t put it in your recycling bin.Instead, consider sharing it9people who haven’t read it,or giving it to your school library so that your classmates can take a look.Alternatively,you could find a completely10(differ)use for the magazine’s pages.Some readers have used them to wrap gifts for their friends and family,picking pages with colourful pictures to make the presents look bright.2020顺义二模AAlexander Fleming was born__1__August6,1881,on a farm near Darvel,Scotland.When he was twenty, Fleming took an entrance examination for medical school,and scored the highest of all candidates in the UK.Offered his choices of schools,Fleming chose the one at St Mary's Hospital in London.In the fall of1928,the penicillin 2__________(discover)by Fleming,3.__________received the Nobel Prize for medicine in1945because the penicillin saved lives of thousands of the wounded soldiers during World War II.BOne day,I got stuck in the subway.It was about nine o'clock in the morning.The train was leaving a station when it started to slow down and then came to a stop.After five minutes of waiting,some passengers weren't4____ (patience)any more.After twenty minutes,most of them were looking annoyed.Half an hour passed,I was still trapped there,5___(wonder)if I was going to stay there for the rest of the day.But just then the train began to move 6__________(slow).A cheer went up,and people continued to talk excitedly as if nothing had happened at all.CTime spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable,whether you are a book-lover or merely there to buy a book as a present.You may even have entered the shop just7__________(find)shelter from a sudden shower.Whatever the reason,once you come inside,in most cases you may find8__________difficult to step outside.The desire to pick upa book with an attractive cover is irresistible（难以抗拒的）.You soon become absorbed in9__________you read, and usually you will suddenly realize you10__________（stay）there for much time since you came in and must dash off to keep some forgotten appointment—without buying a book,of course.2020丰台二模AEsias Bedingar always knew he wanted to study medicine.After1(decide)to experience a new culture, he came from Africa to the USA.There was one challenge:He2(speak)no English.But within just four months,he completed the ESL program.Three years later,he finished his undergraduate degree and was accepted to Harvard University,where he is pursuing a master’s degree in public health.He said it was3(he)dream that got him to Harvard.BConfucius(孔子),born in the district of Zou,near today’s Qufu city in Shandong province,was an educator and philosopher(哲学家)4founded Confucianism,a school of thought that deeply influenced later generations. He was the first Chinese to set up private schools and enroll students from all walks of life.Confucius5 (regard)as a symbol of China’s traditional culture.Nowadays,Qufu holds memorial events every year6 (honor)him and popularize his theory to the younger generations.CEverything happens for a reason.Nothing happens by chance or by means of good luck.Injury,7(ill), love,and lost moments of true greatness all occur to test the limits of your soul.8these small tests,life would be like a straight flat road to nowhere.It would be safe and comfortable,9dull and completely pointless.The success and downfall you experience helps to create who you are and decide10you go.2020房山二模AMa was born into a doctor’s family in1933and became a military doctor in1947.She1(apply)to become a paratrooper in1961,but her first application failed because there were no female paratroopers at that time. But she learnt to parachute by training hard in secret.Finally,she became China’s first female paratrooper.She set a national record as the oldest enlisted woman to do a parachute jump2the age of51.She completed over140 parachuting jumps over a period of20years.In2018,Ma donated her entire life savings to her home town.This3(donate)was to support local education and public welfare.BShadow plays,the earliest of4started over2000years ago,have enjoyed a long history in China and consist of many styles.One famous branch displayed in museum is called Taian Shadow Play.It is believed that it originated in the Song Dynasty when an emperor came to Mount Tai to offer sacrifice.In the past,the authentic shadow figures5(make)of donkey skin.But nowadays，to save the6(life)of many donkeys,they have found some man-made materials,which are used for the figures in the hands-on area.CThe oceans are a valuable source of natural resources.Some of them are7(complete)new to us.Most notable of these is China’s discovery of an ice-like substance,8(know)as“fire ice”,under the South China Sea.In addition,China’s underwater vessels,such as the Jiaolong and ShenhaiYongshi,have been exploring waters at depths of thousands of metres.The Jiaolong even holds the record for the deepest dive by a manned submarine,at 7,062metres,9(give)China its place alongside the world’s top ocean explorers.The research conducted by these vessels is providing scientists with a better understanding of10the sea bed was formed,as well as helping identify areas for deep-sea drilling,taking deep-sea exploration into a whole new era.点此下载免费word版及答案。

2020海淀二模第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。

请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，以“Concert at the Balcony” 为题，用英语写一篇短文向校刊“英语园地”投稿，记述上周末发生在你们小区的一个真实故事。

注意：词数不少于60。

（请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内）Possible version 1:Last weekend, an unexpected concert at the balcony made my day.On Sunday afternoon, when I was taking a break from my schoolwork, a clear melody flowed in from the outside. It magically refreshed my tired mind and aroused my curiosity.Hoping to find its source, I went to the balcony. A young man was playing his violin on the balcony across from mine, his eyes half closed in full enjoyment of the tune. Amazed by his playing, I listened on and was absorbed.Unexpectedly, to the melody of the violin was added a wonderful chord of guitar from another neighbor. At this scene, I couldn’t help singing along and was surprised when a girl also joined with her pure voice of a child. We hardly knew one another, but in our perfect harmony, we felt like old friends connected by our shared love of music. Our little concert went on and on, fascinating the whole community.With a closing chord on the guitar, the concert ended. We smiled and waved to each other as if we had just woken up from a sweet dream of music. Our shared memory of the concert at the balcony would not fade away, from which I felt the power of music to inspire and connect people.Possible version 2:Last weekend, a special concert took place in my neighborhood. The uplifting music and heartwarming neighborliness kept resonating in my mind.Last Saturday afternoon, I was bored at home doing homework when a piece of beautiful music flowed into my room and refreshed me immediately. Since the outbreak of the virus, everything has gone virtual, so I hurried to my balcony to check it out.The melody led me to locate the violinist in seconds: a teenage boy playing My Motherland and I on his balcony. Although it was not perfect, the organic sound of the violin and his deep affection stunned me. I was lost in his music. Before I realized it, a guitar joined! The guitar from a young lady downstairs gave the music a more lively tone.I couldn’t help humming the familiar tune when I suddenly heard someone singing clearly and cheerfully. There was another girl volunteering as the vocalist of this mini band! Inspired by all of them, I started singing loudly. The four of us staged a live balcony concert as if on a stage with audience!When the concert came to an end, we applauded each other’s wonderful performance and waved at each other enthusiastically. “Take care!” “Looking forward to the next performance!” were echoing in the community.As the whole nation and even the whole world were struggling to get used to life with restrictions while fighting against the virus, lots of fabulous ideas were produced to boost people’s morale. This heartening balcony concert in my neighborhood truly entertained me and rallied the optimistic spirit.2020西城二模第二节（20 分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。

2023届北京市西城高三二模英语试题(含答案解析)2023届北京市西城高三二模英语试题(含答案解析)一、听力理解（共30小题；每小题1分，满分30分）Section A1. B2. C3. A4. C5. B6. A7. C8. B9. A10. C11. A12. B13. A14. C16. A17. B18. C19. A20. BSection B21. C22. B23. A24. B25. A26. B27. C28. A29. C30. B二、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）31. C33. D34. B35. D36. A37. C38. B39. D40. C41. A42. D43. C44. B45. A46. D47. C48. B49. A50. D三、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）51. A52. C53. D54. B55. A56. C57. D58. B59. C60. A61. D62. B63. A64. B65. D66. A67. C68. D69. C70. B四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）71. of72. if73. for74. his75. to76. as77. but78. that79. will80. themselves五、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）81. articles -> the articles82. The -> A83. where -> when84. and -> or85. At -> In86. not -> no87. which -> who88. were -> was89. eating -> eat90. to -> with六、书面表达（满分25分）Dear Principal,I am writing to express my deep concern about the poor maintenance of our school's sports facilities. As a student at this institution, I believe it is essential to have well-maintained sports facilities that will benefit not only the students but also the school as a whole.Firstly, the current condition of the sports facilities is deplorable. The tennis courts have cracked surfaces, the basketball hoops are rusty, and the running track is full of potholes. These conditions not only pose a safety risk to students but also hinder our ability to fully enjoy and participate in sports activities. A proper maintenance plan should be implemented to ensure that the facilities are safe and in good working condition.Secondly, a well-maintained sports facility will greatly enhance our school's reputation. With well-kept facilities, we can attract more talented athletes and host sporting events. This will not only boost school spirit but also provide opportunities for students to showcase their talents and excel in sports. Moreover, a well-equipped and maintained sports facility will make our school more appealing to prospective students and their parents.Lastly, regular maintenance of sports facilities is a cost-effective solution. Ignoring maintenance issues will only lead to more significant problems in the long run, resulting in higher repair costs. By investing in regular maintenance, we can prevent major damage and extend the lifespan of the facilities. This will save the school money in the future and ensure a sustainable approach to maintaining the sports facilities.In conclusion, I strongly urge the school administration to prioritize the maintenance of our sports facilities. Doing so will not only create a safer and more enjoyable environment for students but also boost our school's reputation and save costs in the long run. I believe that a well-maintained sports facility is imperative for our school's overall development and success.Thank you for your attention to this matter.Yours sincerely,[Your Name]参考译文：亲爱的校长：我写信是为了表达我对学校体育设施维护不善的深切关注。

2024北京高三二模英语汇编阅读理解D篇（2024北京顺义高三二模）For decades,scientists thought of the brain as the most closely guarded organ.Locked safely behind a biological barrier,away from the disorder of the rest of the body,it was broadly free of destruction of germs (病菌)and the battles started by the immune system.Then,20-odd years ago,some researchers began to ask a question:is the brain really so separate?The answer, according to a growing body of evidence,is no—and has important effects on both science and health care.The list of brain conditions that have been associated with changes elsewhere in the body is long and growing. Changes in the make-up of the microorganisms resident in the gut(肠道),for example,have been linked to disorders like Parkinson’s disease.Some researchers think that certain infections could provoke Alzheimer’s disease and some could lead to emotional disorder in babies.The effect is two-way.There is a lengthening list of symptoms(症状)not typically viewed as disorders of the nervous system in which the brain and the neural processes that connect it to the body play a large part.For example,the development of a fever is influenced by a population of neurons(神经元)that control body temperature and appetite.The effect of brain on body is underlined by the finding that stimulating a particular brain region in mice can‘remind’the body of previous inflammation(炎症)—and reproduce them.These findings and others mark a complete shift in our view of the interconnectedness of brain and body,and could help us both understand and treat illness.If some brain conditions start outside the brain,then perhaps cures for them could also reach in from outside.Treatments that take effect through the digestive system,heart or other organs,for instance, would be much easier and less striking to give than those that must cross the blood-brain barrier,the brain’s first line of defence.In the opposite direction,the effects of our emotions or mood on our capacity to recover from illness could also be used.There is an opening work under way testing whether stimulating certain areas of the brain that respond to reward and produce feelings of positivity could enhance recovery from conditions such as heart attacks.Perhaps even more exciting is the possibility that making changes to our behaviour—to reduce stress,say—could have similar benefits.For neuroscientists,it’s time to look beyond the brain.And clinicians treating the body mustn’t assume the brain is above getting involved—its activity could be influencing a wide range of conditions,from mild infections to long-time fatness.1．The author writes paragraph1mainly to______.A．evaluate an argument B．present an assumptionC．summarize the structure D．provide the background2．What does the underlined word“provoke”mean in Paragraph3?A．Delay.B．Cure.C．Cause.D．Disturb.3．What can we learn from the passage?A．Treatments that cross brain-blood barrier are less used.B．Previous diseases could cause the production of new ones.C．Emotions could affect the capacity to fight against diseases.D．Treatment of the brain takes priority over other treatments.4．Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?I:Introduction P:Point Sp:Sub-point(次要点)C:ConclusionA．B．C．D．（2024北京丰台高三二模）A shopkeeper’s son breaks a window,causing a crowd to gather.They tell the shopkeeper not to be angry:actually,the broken window is a reason to celebrate,since it will create work for the glazier(装玻璃的工人).In the story,written by a19th-century economist,the crowd envisions the work involved in repairing the window,but not that involved in everything else on which the shopkeeper could have spent his money—unseen possibilities that would have brought him greater happiness.If that window were to be broken these days,people might have a different reaction,especially if they were NIMBYs (Not In My Back Yard)who oppose any local construction that affects their quality of life.Their concern might be with the “embodied carbon”.The production of a piece of glass would carry a sizeable carbon cost.Similarly,the bricks and concrete in a building are relics of past emissions.They are,the logic goes,embodied carbon.Conserving what already exists,rather than adding to the building stock,will avoid increasing these embodied emissions—or so NIMBYs often suggest.At its worst,this idea is based on a warped logic.Greenhouse gases released by the construction of an existing building will heat the planet whether the building is repaired or knocked down.The emissions have been taken out of the world’s“carbon budget”,so treating them as anew debit means double counting.The right question to ask is whether it is worth using the remaining carbon budget to repair a building or it is better to knock it down.Choosing between these possibilities requires thinking about the unseen.It used to be said that construction emitted two types of emissions.Besides the embodied sort,there were operational ones from cooling,heating and providing electricity to residents.Around the world,buildings account for39%of annual emissions,according to the World Green Building Council,of which28%come from operational carbon.These two types of emissions might be enough for the architects designing an individual building.But when it comes to broader questions,economists ought also to consider how the placement of buildings affects the manner in which people work,shop and travel.Density(密度)lowers the per-person cost of public transport,and this reduces car use.Research by Green Alliance,a pressure group,suggests that in Britain a policy of“demolish(拆除)and densify”—replacing semi-detached housing near public transport with blocks of flats—would save substantial emissions.Without such demolition,potential residents would have to move to the suburbs instead,saving money on rent but consuming more energy.Targeted subsidies(补贴),especially for research and development into construction materials,could speed up the pace at which the built environment decarbonises.What will never work,however,is allowing the loudest voices to decide how to use land and ignoring the carbon emissions of their would-be neighbours once they are out of sight.5．The first two paragraphs are written to________.A．exemplify an outlook on energy conservation B．present a new way of relieving energy crisisC．explain people’s reaction to a broken window D．introduce an argument on carbon emission6．What does the underlined word“warped”in Paragraph3probably mean?A．Unsound.B．Complicated.C．Distinctive.D．Underlying.7．What can be learnt from the passage?A．Operational carbon accounts for a larger share of carbon emission.B．Repairing old buildings outweighs demolition in energy conservation.C．Higher residential density near public transport may help reduce emission.D．Stopping residents from living in new buildings is sensible to energy saving.8．As for decarbonization of the built environment,which would the author agree with?A．Interests of NIMBYs are worthy of consideration.B．A comprehensive insight into emission is essential.C．Upgrading construction materials should be prioritized.D．Every resident should do their bit in reducing carbon emission.（2024北京昌平高三二模）In1992,Edward de Bono argued that“creativity is the most important human resource of all.”But might computers have the capacity to be creative?Could artificial intelligence outperform us in even the most human of phenomena?These questions have moved to the forefront of society with the launch of ChatGPT and DALL-E, two powerful deep learning models capable of creating art.Where human creativity comes from is a complex and heavily-debated topic.One theory supposes that creativity emerges from solving problems in new ways.The game designer Mark Rosewater explains that“if you use the same neural pathways,you get to the same answers,and with creativity,that’s not your goal.”But studies from the University of Virginia suggest humans most default（默认）to solving problems by building on known solutions,restricting originality. Some neuroscientists propose another theory regarding creativity.Research from the University of Calgary reveals that when being creative,humans don’t use the same brain regions associated with thought and problem-solving,implying that creativity is primarily an unconscious process.According to this theory,the brain solves problems best when not directly focusing on them using the frontal lobe（前额叶）,instead letting the other parts of the brain take over.A.I.cannot currently emulate（仿真）the full complexity of the human mind.Do these deep learning networks even have the required components that we use when we are creative?Douglas Hofstadter explains how“emergent phenomena,”such as creativity,correspond to connections between levels within mental systems.Similar connections could exist in artificial neural networks,even if the mechanics differ.For example,modern artificial intelligence employs attention circuits that may cause it to behave similarly to the frontal lobe where most of the brain’s focusing tendencies come from.The emergent nature of creativity opens the door for similar tendencies in machines,but they are tuned so carefully to copy existing ideas that it may not be enough for true originality.Mr.Rosewater’s theory on creativity suggests that for A.I. to be creative,it should be able to solve problems in new ways,which is difficult because A.I.is based so heavily on already existing ideas.Alternatively,if creativity is an unconscious process as the University of Calgary research suggests, then it occurs mostly outside the frontal lobe and may not exist in machine learning networks.Either way,current A.I. probably lacks the capacity for genuine creativity and originality,but it can combine existing ideas in interesting ways.The question of machine creativity has repercussions in many areas,such as developing copyright law regarding A.I. works,considering A.I.submissions in art contests,and determining the use of ChatGPT as a tool for school assignments. Creativity may be,at least for now,a unique human puters are not yet starting revolutionary artistic movements,but they are already combining what exists into something new,challenging us to look deeper into our own creativity.9.About the source of human creativity,research from the University of Calgary discovers that______.A.human creativity heavily relies on the existing ideasB.dealing with problems helps develop human creativityC.being creative is closely related to certain brain regionsD.human creativity is a process that happens automatically10.The author would probably agree that______.A.efforts should be put into the study of human creativityB.creativity can be attained consciously on most occasionsC.A.I.creates better than humans in some areas at presentD.humans need machines to be more creative in various areas11.What does the underlined word“repercussions”in Paragraph5probably mean?A.Influences.B.Objections.C.Doubts.D.Causes.12.Which would be the best title for the passage?puting Creativity:Is it a good thing?puting Creativity:Can it be possible?C.Human Creativity:Why does human develop it?D.Human Creativity:How can A.I.help human create?（2024北京朝阳高三二模）It is perhaps easy to accept the statement that the universe is expanding.It is just some strange physics indicating that,as time goes on,galaxies(星系)get further away from each other just like two cars racing away from each other.I personally don’t like it and prefer the balloon analogy.In this situation,there are dots all over a balloon.When we blow it up in real life,the dots would increase in size.In this analogy,let’s assume they don’t.What we are interested in is how the distance between the dots on the surface of the balloon grows as we put more air into it.The balloon analogy relies somewhat on our geometric sensibilities which refer to our sense of shapes and how they change over time.At its core,what we are trying to develop a sense for is how we measure distances.This concept is also the fundamental goal of general relativity,Einstein’s theory of gravity.In general relativity,the most important piece of information is what we call the metric,an equation that describes how distances are measured,and therefore also tells us about the shape space-time is taking.The whole idea that space-time is expanding was first noticed as a mathematical consequence of general relativity by Georges Lemaitre in1927,when he solved Einstein’s equation and found a solution for the metric showing that distances grow with time.His work provided a theoretical explanation:the standard for measuring cosmic(宇宙的)distance was itself changing with time.What is delightful is that it means we can quite reasonably say that universe’s expansion is a gravitational effect.I enjoy this because it is so deeply counterintuitive to our usual understanding of gravity,which teaches us that it is a force that always draws things together.But in this case where gravity is a geometric effect,we are offered a broader range of gravitational possibilities.It is worth noting that the geometric explanation of general relativity hasn’t been universally popular.The late physicist Steven Weinberg wrote that the geometric explanation of the theory of gravitation has been reduced to a mere analogy,but is otherwise not very useful.Another challenge with the balloon analogy and our reliance on geometric explanation is to explain why gravity seems to pull things together in many situations,while universe is expanding.This difference is resolved by acknowledging that local gravitational effects due to massive objects dominate over large-scale expansion effects,leading to the formation of structures like stars,galaxies and,eventually us.In fact,the analogy where universe is only expanding and this is the only gravitational effect at play is a very idealized situation where matter was initially spread out perfectly evenly across the universe.13.The author presents the balloon analogy in Paragraph2mainly to_________.A.introduce a topicB.draw a comparisonC.confirm a theoryD.evaluate a statement14.What does the underlined word“counterintuitive”in Paragraph5probably mean?A.Unchallenging.B.Contradictory.C.Satisfying.D.Relevant.15What can be inferred from the passage?A.Universe’s expansion results in the creation of structures like galaxies.B.Lemaitre’s work suggests the standard for cosmic distance is consistent.C.A uniform distribution of matter can overcome the universe’s expansion.D.The metric is key to sensing the shape of space-time in general relativity.16.Which would be the best title for the passage?A.Studying Galaxies—Has the Balloon Analogy Been Outdated?B.Rethinking Gravity—Is it a Way to Make Sense of the Balloon Analogy?C.Arguing against the Car Analogy—Does the Balloon Analogy Win Over?D.Understanding Universe Expansion—Is the Balloon Analogy Acceptable？（2024北京东城高三二模）You might not think that an AI capable of making music would stimulate your emotion, but others think differently,particularly those who gathered at Mexico City’s Symphony Hall in2019for Schubert’s Unfinished Symphony,which I finished using melodies generated by an AI.As the orchestra（管弦乐团）finished Schubert’s original work and began the music the AI and I had written,I could feel the crowd’s energy shift from astonishment to indignation and fear.They seemed afraid that an AI might be able to make emotional symphonic music.You can see their point:an AI that makes emotional music could affect the emotional lives of thousands or even millions of people in a small,but profound way,just like a human musician does.Positive and negative,people reacted very strongly to AI’s symphonic debut（首秀）.Even though most people don’t believe that AI can create something enjoyable,they,at least partly,did enjoy the Unfinished Symphony.Enjoyment in music implies that there’s something in the music that the listener connects to,a perception of shared emotion.But,in the case of AI music,an emotion shared with who?AI,as of yet,has no emotions.So what is the meaning of music made without an emotional composer?The unsatisfying answer is that music has no objective meaning.A composer can decide how a piece of music sounds,but it’s the listener that decides what it means.No matter how it s created,music doesn’t exist in a vacuum（真空）to the listener.The meaning we assign to music depends on its context—how the piece connects to other elements in our lives.Without context,music is like the results of a game whose rules have been lost.The context for a music is part of who you are.The music is emotional to you because you have the context to appreciate it.As it continues to evolve,AI music will develop its own context.Certainly,it’ll be different from human-made music.It’ll mix existing genres to create new ones;it’ll combine instruments that we wouldn’t think of combining.Its rules will be different.I’m now always asked the same“Who put the emotion in that music:you,the composer,or the AI?”But that’s not the question they really want to ask,though.There’s a deeper question that most people are too afraid to ask right now:“Are my emotions so simple that they can be maneuvered by a machine?”In my experience,this could be possible one day.If a modestly capable music AI in2019could stir up emotions of an audience,maybe AI can have a more powerful effect on our emotional lives than we’d like to admit.17.The audience reacted strongly to the symphony mainly due to______.A.their doubts about AI’s capabilitiesB.their uneasiness about AI’s influenceC.the orchestra’s brilliant presentation of AI musicD.the likeness between AI music and the original work18.What might the author agree with?A.AI poses little impact on people’s emotions.B.Music bears no intended emotional meaning.C.AI music will outperform human-made music.D.The context reflects people’s interpretation of music.19.What does the word“maneuvered”underlined in Paragraph6most probably mean?A.Refreshed.B.Challenged.C.Revealed.D.Directed.20.Which would be the best title for the passage?A.Are Composers To Be Replaced?B.Would AI Music Be a Rising Trend?C.Could AI Make Music That Moves You?D.Was the Unfinished Symphony Successful?（2024北京海淀高三二模）We are a social animal.Indeed,it is our sociality—such as the ability to make sense of each other,to communicate,to work cooperatively and,finally,to create culture—that marks us off from other animal species.But then why are we everywhere striving to increase our isolation and limit our contact with others?As musician David Byrne argues in an essay published last month,it is a striking fact about the new technologies that have so come to shape our lives,that they have precisely this effect:they limit our need for human contact.Online shopping?Check. Automated checkout?Check.Ride hail apps?Check.Efficiency is the key.We purchase efficiency by limiting the human aspect,known as“autonomous operation”.This is perhaps even more pronounced with new technologies on the horizon. Take the MOOC,the teacher-less virtual classroom.As Byrne notes,this is meant to deliver the values of a learning environment without,well,without the environment—you get to stay at home—no teacher,but also,no fellow students.Byrne isn’t claiming we are consciously choosing to isolate ourselves.We shop online because it is convenient.The absence of contact with others is a side-effect.Maybe even an unavoidable one,as one of the things that makes online shopping so easy is precisely the absence of contact with other people.But Bryne’s thought is that whatever our intention,the tendency of our tech to isolate us may be a feature,not a bug. His hypothesis is that we actually,at some level,crave(渴望)the increased isolation and we are actually making technologies to satisfy impulses that,in some way,go beyond—or against—our social nature.But I wonder,is this really new?Even if we are social by nature,and do everything we can to embed ourselves socially,the need to find ways to be alone is,well,nothing new.It’s also striking that the very activities that risk separating us—in the old days,books, newspapers,TV;nowadays,the latest apps—also connect us.We read about each other.What we read gives us information to share with each other.I am well aware of the data that shows the more time you spend on social media,the sadder and more isolated and envious you feel of others.But how novel is the isolating effect of social media?Being there reminds me a lot of what it was like to be social in high school—you have a vivid sense of your status and your standing in relation to others,and you have to deal with that.This may be isolating,sure.But it’s the isolating face of the social lives we’ve always had.It is isolating because of the ways technology brings us into real contact with others,not because it removes that contact.I wonder whether more isolation is a real option,after all.21.Which of the following best reflects“autonomous operation”?A.Getting a toothbrush via a hotel delivery robot.B.Teaching mom how to establish a smart home.C.Seeking help by calling human customer services.D.Having an online meeting at home with colleagues.22.Which of the following might the author agree?A.Technology offers fresh insights into our social status.B.Actions seemingly isolating can bond people.C.Social platforms help bring people closer.D.Social media has come to define our life.23.What would be the best title for the passage?A.What Technologies Do to Human NatureB.Do Technologies Shape Our Lives?C.How Isolation Changes with ConnectionD.Can We Erase Human Element?（2024北京西城高三二模）Can you imagine getting a major dental procedure without novocaine(一种麻醉药)?A scientist colleague of mine recently told me,rather than use it,he used a“focus in”meditation(冥想)technique to direct all of his attention to his mouth with as much calming equanimity as he could gather.Doing so transformed the pain for a few minutes.A stream of scientific articles suggests that there are benefits in turning toward discomfort or negative emotions with acceptance.In addition,all of us can gain from finding ways to cope with stress and suffering—particularly when larger circumstances are beyond our control.As a researcher who has studied meditation for more than20years,I believe that the cultivation of equanimity can help.It’s important to first define the idea of turning toward discomfort.I’m not advocating for people to put themselves in dangerous positions.But when we push ourselves into challenging or embarrassing situations,much like trainers who push athletes just past their comfort zone to make gains,learning often happens.My own research indicates that meditation provides an ideal way to practice turning toward discomfort—particularly when it trains up one’s equanimity.In my laboratory at Carnegie Mellon University,we conducted several clinical trials on developing equanimity during mindfulness meditation training.This approach includes guided meditation exercises such as using a matter-of-fact voice to label uncomfortable feelings in the body or welcoming uncomfortable feelings by saying “yes”aloud each time a feeling is detected.We hired153stressed adults and offered them a mindfulness meditation training program with or without training in equanimity.Our equanimity skills training group had significantly better outcomes on several measures.After just14days of training,for example,the participants who learned equanimity skills had significantly lower biological stress responses when asked to deliver a difficult speech and solve math problems in front of experts in white lab coats.This group also had significantly lower blood pressure and stress levels.In the days after training,people introduced to equanimity exercises also reported significantly higher positive emotions and well-being throughout the day and more meaningful social interactions than participants who received mindfulness training without the equanimity component.It was as though developing equanimity had their emotional reactivity to stress,helping them better appreciate and enjoy daily life’s many little positive and making them more curious and open to connecting with others.We are expanding on this work in several ways—including through the development of an app that offers equanimity training on demand and with trials involving participants with stress-related gastrointestinal(胃肠的)disorders.Meanwhile other scientists are further exploring equanimity’s power.We are convinced we can each build our resilience(恢复力)on a personal level by cultivating greater acceptance of our experience—good or bad,painful or pleasant—in the present moment.24.What can be learned about equanimity?A.It is a state of mental calmness.B.It is a form of negative emotions.C.It is a replacement for novocaine.D.It is the result of mindfulness meditation.25.Which of the following is a good example of equanimity training?A.Ignoring discomfort totally.B.Detecting unusual behavior.C.Keeping emotions to oneself.D.Seeing negative feelings objectively.26.Paragraph5is written to show______.A.the benefits of developing equanimityB.the procedure of mindfulness meditationC.the performances of two meditation training groupsD.the relationship between equanimity and well-being27.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Stress contributes to physical disorders.B.Pleasant experiences result in greater equanimity.C.People are likely to have easy access to equanimity training.D.Resilience can help people gain more acceptance of hardship.参考答案1．D2．C3．C4．A【导语】本文为一篇说明文，说明了大脑并不是独立存在的，它对科学和医疗保健都有重要影响。

2023北京西城区高三二模英语试题本试卷共14页，共100分。

考试时长90分钟。

考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分: 知识运用（共两节,30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

One of the best feelings is knowing that I have made a(n)1______ impact on another person's life.During my freshman year, I got my first real job at Dunkin'Donuts. L quickly became aware that customers' 2______ was important, so l tried to provide the best service that I could. I still remember one customer vividly, an elderly gentleman named Frank. He came in every Sunday afternoon and ordered a medium coffee with two old-fashioned donuts. Immediately after l saw him pull into the parking lot, l 3______ his order, having it ready by the time he walked in. If I had no other work to do, I sat and talked with him. We learned a lot about each other. I could not help feeling sorry for him because his wife had recently passed away.After a year of working every weekend, I eventually decided to leave and turned in my two-week notice. The most difficult part of 4______ was not telling my boss, but informing Frank. I felt like I was 5______ him. When I finally brought it up, he 6______ replied, "Oh, that's too bad. I'm sure that the staff will miss you." l began to think that our visits held no real importance to him, and that he would be just as 7______ enjoying his food alone. 8______, on my last day, Frank came in with a card that simply read, "Your kindness during the time we have spent together is heartwarming. You had no 9______ to speak a word to me, let alone show a real interest in our conversations. Few things have brought me more pleasure than our weekly visits. Thankyou."A amount of 10______ l received for such minor efforts is mind-blowing. Giving up my weekends for a year was a small price to pay to grasp the remarkable effects of kindness.1. A. obvious B. simple C. immediate D. positive2. A. condition B. appearance C. satisfaction D. behavior3. A. took B. prepared C. followed D. accepted4. A. quitting B. agreeing C. remembering D. serving5. A. embarrassing B. ignoring C. cheating D. abandoning6. A. firmly B. calmly C. angrily D. sadly7. A. confident B. excited C. content D. interested8. A. Meanwhile B. Therefore C. Moreover D. However9. A. duty B. right C. excuse D. intention10. A. admiration B. expectation C. appreciation D. instruction第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。