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湖北襄阳第二十四中学高二年级英语学科导学案
使用时间：2012.12. 设计者：史宪彬 课时设计： 3课时 学科负责人：曾秀群 小组： 学生姓名： 完成评价：
我展示 我精彩 我快乐 我成功
1 学习目标：1、熟练掌握虚拟语气在条件从句及其它从句中的应用规则，并能正确使用。
2、明确虚拟语气在高考中的地位，在练习中巩固知识，掌握做题技巧。
3、激情投入，合作探究，积极展示，享受英语学习带来的乐趣。
（1课时）
【学法指导】：
1.再次认真研读课文P ，根据自己对虚拟语气的理解，用蓝笔划出含虚拟语气的句子。
2.将自己不敢肯定是否含有虚拟语气的句子用红笔划出，并标明疑惑之处，待课上解决。
3.认真钻研导学案，掌握虚拟语气的用法，再重新思考自己划出的疑惑之处。1课时当堂完成，规范书写，利用双色笔做好笔记。组长做好督促及检查，并进行统计评价。
用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have
been able to paint such realistic pictures. （P2 Line26）
如果当时没有发现透视画法，那么就没有人会画出如此逼真的画。
原句分析：事实上，透视画法已经被发现了，而且已经有人能够画出如此逼真的画。 “发现透视画法”以及“有人画出”这两件事情已经过去了，即该句是和过去事实相反的虚拟语气。
从句：If the rules of perspective had not been discovered
结构：If + 主语 + had done
主句：no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.
结构：主语 + would have done
If you had listened to the doctor，you would have been all right.
如果你听了医生的话，你就会好起来的。
例句分析：事实上，没有听医生的话，身体也没有好起来。 “没有听医生的话”以及“没有好起来”已经发生了，即该句也是和过去事实相反的虚拟语气
从句：If you had listened to the doctor
结构：If + 主语+ had + done
主句：you would have been all right
结构：主语+ would + have done
当虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反时，
从句： If + 主语+ had + done 主句 主语+ would + have done
参考这些结构规律，你还能从文中找出另外2处虚拟语气的句子吗？大胆的写下来吧。
Line ：
Line ：
（1课时）
【学法指导】：
1.认真研读方框中虚拟语气与三种时态事实相反时的用法及动词形式，做好笔记。
2.仔细观察每一个例句以及括号内的提示，理解并掌握虚拟语气中动词的用法。
3.即学即用，大胆尝试“练练手”的相应题目。可参考其它资料，适当拓展补充。
eg：1．If I were you,I would take an umbrella.
如果我是你，我会带把伞。 （事实：我不可能是你）
2．If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.
如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)
3．If he studied harder,he might pass the exam.
如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。 （事实：没有努力）
练练手：（ ）If there were no electricity, human life _____ quite different today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
eg：1. If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her.
如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。 （事实：去晚了）
2 .If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.
如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话）
练练手：（ ）I would have gone to the meeting if I time.
A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had
原文再现 虚拟语气
经典例句 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：
从句：If 主语+过去时(Be动词用were)
主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do
2、表示与过去事实相反的情况
从句：If 主语+had+done
主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have done
3、表示对将来情况的主观推测
主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do
从句：①if+主语+were to do
②if+主语+should/would/could/might+do
③if+主语+did（动词过去式）/were 归纳总结 湖北襄阳第二十四中学高二年级英语学科导学案
使用时间：2012.12. 设计者：史宪彬 课时设计： 3课时 学科负责人：曾秀群 小组： 学生姓名： 完成评价：
我展示 我精彩 我快乐 我成功
2 eg：1．If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.
如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。 （事实：来的可能性很小）
2．If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.
如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（事实：下雪可能性很小
练练手：（ ） If it______ tomorrow, I wouldn’t attend the party.
A. rain B. rains C. had rained D. were to rain
4、有时，虚拟条件句中的主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致，这时主句和从句的谓语形式应按照各自动作发生的实际时间来表达。这种条件句叫 错综条件句。
eg：If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too.
如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了（从句过去，主句现在）
If he were free today,we would have sent him to Beijing.
如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。 （从句现在，主句过去）
练练手：（ ） If you had followed my advice, you able to finish the work now.
A. would be B. would have been C. had done D. was going to
( ) If he had not gone out in the storm, .
A. he will be alive now. B. he would be alive now.
C .he would have been alive now. D. he would have lived now
5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were,should,had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。
eg：If I were you, I would try it again.
Were I you, I would try it again.
If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.
Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.
If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out.
Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out.
练练手： the doctor，you would have been all right.
如果你听了医生的话，你就会好起来的。 （listen 倒装）
6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句，在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如without…，but for…等
eg：But for his help,we would be working now.
