环境科学专业词汇英语
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APPENDIXSelected English Words and Expressions for Environmental SubjectAabacterial 无菌的abatement 减少,减小,取消,消除abnormal blooming of plankton 浮游生物异常繁殖absolute alcohol 无水酒精absolute temperature 绝对温度absorb 吸收absorbent 吸收剂;吸收性的absorption 吸收abundant precipitation 过量降水abysmal deposit 深海沉积物accelerator 加速澄清池,机械澄清池,加速器access 接近,(出)入口,使用或接近的方法、机会或门路,捷径accessory 附件,附属品accidental error 偶然误差acclimate 服水土,适应环境,适应气候acclimatization 驯化,(对环境条件的)适应accommodate 使适应,调节,接纳,容纳,供应,提供acetic acid 醋酸acetone 丙酮acetylene 乙炔acid fog 酸雾acidify 酸化(作用)acidity 酸度,酸性acid-proof material 耐酸材料acoustic construction 隔声构造acoustic fatigue 声致疲劳acquisition 获得,取得,采集acrid 辛辣的,腐蚀性的act 法规,法案,条例,行为,动作activated biofilter 活性生物滤池activated carbon 活性碳activated silica 活性硅土activated sludge 活性污泥activation 活化,激活active chlorine 活性氯activity 活性,活度,放射性,功率adaptable species 适应性强的物种adaptation 适应,匹配,采用,改编(本),修改,适应性,适应力additive 附加物,添加剂;加成的adherence 粘附adhesion 粘附力adiabatic cooling 绝热冷却adjustment 调节,调准,控制,安装admixture 掺合物,杂质adsorbate 被吸附物,吸附质adsorbent 吸附剂;吸附的adsorber 吸附器,吸附剂adsorption isotherm 吸附等温线advanced treatment 高级处理,深度处理aerated contact bed (submerged contact aerator) 曝气接触床(淹没式接触曝气池)aerated lagoon 曝气氧化渠aerated spiral-flow grit channel 曝气螺旋流沉砂槽aeration 曝气aeration blower 曝气鼓风机aerobic 好氧的,好气的,需氧的,有氧的aerobic biological treatment process 好氧生物处理法,需氧生物处理法aerobic decomposition 好氧分解,需氧分解aerosol 气溶胶aesthetically 从审美角度看affinity 亲和力,亲和势affluent 支流afforestation 造林(计划),绿化after burner 火舌燃烧炉,后燃烧装置,补燃器agar 琼脂agglomerate 使聚集,使成团aggressive pathogen 侵袭性病原体air compressor 空压机,压气机air conditioner 空调器air gauge 气压计air hammer 气压锤air header 空气干管air inflow 进气量air intake 进气孔air mass 气团air polluntant emission inventory 空气污染物排放清单air pollution surveillance 空气污染监视air release valve 放气阀,释压阀air relief installation 排气设备air sparger 曝气器air stripping 气提airborne 空气中的,空降的,空运的airborne pathongenic organism 空气致病生物体air-lift pump 空气升水泵,气提泵airview 鸟瞰,鸟瞰图alcohol 乙醇,酒精aldehyde 醛algae 藻类algal bloom 水藻繁盛alignment 成直线,调准,准线,直线性,结盟,联合alkali consumption 碱消耗(量)alkali earth 碱土alkaline 碱性的alkalinity 碱度alkalization 碱化alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS) 烷基苯磺酸盐alluvial deposit 冲积物,冲积层alum 矾,明矾aluminate 铝酸盐aluminum sulfate 硫酸铝ambient air quality standard 环境空气质量标准ambient noise 环境噪声amine 胺amino acid 氨基酸ammonia nitrogen 氨氮ammonia stripping 氨的气提,气提法除氨ammonification 氨化作用,加氨ammonium 铵amphoteric ion exchange resin 两性离子交换树脂anabolism 合成代谢,组成代谢anaerobic 厌氧的,厌气的,无溶解氧的anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process厌氧-缺氧-好氧法analysis of variance 方差分析analytical balance 分析天平anemometer 风力计,风速计anemoscope 风向仪anhydrous 无水的animal community 动物群落anion 阴离子,负离子anionic surface active agent 阴离子表面活性剂annual depreciation 年折旧annual precipitation 年降水量anode 阳极,正极anodize 阳极氧化,阳极处理anoxic 缺氧的antagonism 对抗(作用),拮抗(作用)antibiotics 抗菌素,抗生素antifreezing agent 防冻剂aperture 孔径,隙缝,小孔apparatus 仪器,装置apparent activation energy 表观活化能appreciable 明显的,相当可观的appurtenance (常用pl. ) 附属物,设备,配件,附属建筑,附属装置aquatic 水的,水生的,水上的aquatic habitat 水生环境aquatic community 水生群落aquatic life 水生生物aqueduct 水道,渠,导水管aqueous 水的aqueous ammonia 氨水aqueous solution 水溶液aquifer 蓄水层,(地下)含水层,含水地层arbitrary 独裁的,专制的,专横的,任意的,随机的,独立的aromatic 芳香的,芳烃的;芳香剂arsenic 砷artery 动脉,运输线artifical wetland (constructed wetland )人工湿地(系统)artificial fibres 人造纤维asbestos 石棉ascending velocity 上升速度ash content 灰分ash conveyer 灰渣输送带ash handling equipment 除尘设备asphyxiate 使(人)窒息、闷死aspiration 吸气,吸入,吸出,愿望,渴望,志向aspiration ventilation 排气通风(法)assay 分析,化验assembly 装配,组合;机组assimilate 同化,吸收assimilative respiration 同化呼吸associated mineral 伴生矿物atmospheric dispersion 大气弥散,大气分散atmospheric emission 大气排放物atomic absorption spectrophotometry 原子吸收分光光度测定法atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry 原子荧光光谱atomization 喷雾,喷雾法,雾化attenuation 衰减,减弱,减轻,减少,减小attraction 引力,吸引attrition 磨损,损耗autoclave 高压锅,高压釜automatic flushback 自动反冲洗automatic valveless gravity filter 自动无阀重力流滤池,无阀滤池automobile exhaust 汽车尾气,汽车废气autotroph(e) 自养生物,自营性生物autotrophic 自养的,自我营养的,无机营养的available chlorine 有效氯available head 可用水头average yearly loading capacity 年平均负荷容量axial flow 轴流azo dye 偶氮染料azotification 固氮(作用)Bbackfill 回填backflow 回流background noise 背景噪声,本底噪声background survey 本底调查back-pressure valve (check valve) 单向阀backwash cycle 反冲周期bacteria coli 大肠杆菌bacterial colony 细菌菌落bacterial population 细菌种群bactericide 杀菌剂bacteriological examination 细菌检验bacteriologically 按细菌学的观点baffle 挡板baffle board 挡板,隔音板baffled reaction chamber 隔板式反应室bag filter 袋滤器,袋式过滤器baghouse 布袋,滤袋室,滤袋装置baghouse precipitator 布袋除尘器ball mill 球磨机band dryer (污泥)带式干化机band screen (belt screen) 带式格网,带条滤网bar screen 格栅barometer 气压计barrel 桶,桶状物basicity 碱度,盐基度batch 分批的,间歇(式)的batch centrifuge 间歇式离心机batch distillation 分批蒸馏batchwise operation 分批式操作be laden with 充满,携带,含有beaker 烧杯bearing capacity 承重能力belt filter press (污泥)带式脱水机bench 工作台,实验桌,板凳bench-scale 小型的,实验室(规模)的bench scale test 小型试验,实验室试验,模型试验beneficiation 废物回收加工benzene 苯bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐,重碳酸盐bind 粘合,束缚,堵塞bioassay 生物鉴定,活体鉴定biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 生化需氧量biocoenosis 生物群落biodegradable 可生物降解的biodegradation 生物降解(作用)bio-disc 生物转盘biofilter 生物滤池biogeophysical 生物地球物理的biological filter loading 生物滤池负荷(率)biological phosphate removal 生物除磷酸盐biology 生物学biolysis 生物分解(作用)biomass 生物体群,生物量bioremediation 生物修复bioscrubber 生物洗涤器,生物涤气器biosorption 生物吸附,生物吸收biosphere 生物圈biota 生物群biotic community 生物群集,生物群落biotope 群落生境,环境条件均匀的地方black liquor 黑液(一般指纸浆厂废液)blank assay 空白试验,空白检定blast 鼓风bleaching liquid 漂白液blind ditch 暗沟block diagram 方块图bloom 大量增殖,旺发boiling point depression 沸点降低bomb calorimeter (炸)弹式量热器booster pump 增压泵botanic 植物的boundary layer 边界层branch 支线,支管,分支管brand 标记,牌子breakthrough 穿透,贯穿,泄漏brewery 啤酒厂brine 海水,盐水broth culture 肉汤培养,肉汤培养物bubble aeration 气泡曝气bubbling tower 起泡塔Buchner funnel 布氏漏斗bucker excavator 斗式挖掘机bucket dredger 斗式挖泥船buffer 缓冲液,缓冲剂buffer capacity 缓冲能力,缓冲容量building drain 建筑物内污水总管,建筑排水管building sewer (house sewer) 建筑物外污水总管bulking of activated sludge 活性污泥的膨胀buoyancy force 浮力burette 滴定管bypass 旁通管,超越管,旁路Ccabinet 箱,柜,橱cage rotor 笼式转子cake conveyer 滤饼输送带cake of filter-press 滤块,污泥压滤饼calcination 煅烧,焙烧calcium lime (calcium oxide, CaO) 石灰,生石灰calcium sulphate 石膏,硫酸钙calibration 校准,标定,定标calorie 卡(路里)calorific value 热值capillarity 毛细管作用,毛细现象capillary 毛细管;毛细的,毛细管的capillary suction time 毛细空吸时间(测定污泥过滤性)capital cost 基本(建设)投资,投资费,资本值capital repair 大修(理)carbonaceous compound 含碳化合物carburetor 汽化器carcinogen 致癌物,致癌因素cardiovascular disease 心血管疾病carrier 带菌者,载体cascade 级联catabolism 分解代谢catalysis 催化(作用)catalyst 催化剂cataphoresis 电泳catchment 集水区域cathode protection 阴极保护cation 阳离子,正离子cation-exchange softener 阳离子交换软水器cationic surface active agent (cationic surfactant) 阳离子表面活性剂caustic (quick) lime 生石灰,石灰caustic 腐蚀性的,苛性的;苛性药,氢氧化物caveat (防止误解的)说明cavitation 空蚀作用,气蚀作用,空穴作用cavity 空腔cell 小室,细胞,电池,盒cell mass 细胞块cellular protoplasm 细胞原生质cellular 细胞的,多孔的,蜂窝状的cementation 胶结(作用)centigrade thermometer 摄氏温度计centrifugal 离心的cesspool 污水池channel improvement 河道整治characteristic curve of pump 泵的特性曲线characterization 表征,性能描写charcoal 木炭charge 电荷;充(水、气、电等)chart 图表check 核对,阻止,制动装置,支票,联单checklist (核对用的)清单chelating reagent 螯合剂,chemical 化学的;化学品,化学制品chemical engineering unit operation 化工单元操作chemical nomenclature 化学命名法chemical oxygen demand (COD) 化学需氧量chemical resistance 耐化学性,化学抗性chemical stoichiometry 化学计量学chloride 氯化物chloride ion 氯根离子chlorinate (使)氯化,用氯消毒,用氯处理chlorinated lime 漂白粉chlorine feed unit 投氯设备,加氯单元chloroform 氯仿chlorophyll 叶绿素cholera 霍乱chromatography 色层(分离)法chronic pollution 慢性污染,长期污染chronic toxicity test 慢性毒性试验cinder 煤渣,焦渣circulator clarifier 水力(循环)澄清池cistern 蓄水池,贮水器cite 引用,引证clamp 夹子clarificant 澄清剂clarification 澄清,净化classifier (结合沉砂池的)洗砂机,分级机clay 粘土cleaner production 清洁生产climate modification 人工影响气候climatic anomaly 气候异常clinker (煤燃烧后留下的)渣滓,熔渣,熔块closet 盥洗室cloudiness 混浊性,浊度coagulant 混凝剂,凝聚剂coagulant aids 助凝剂coagulation 混凝,凝聚coalesce 凝结,凝聚,合并cocurrent extraction 并流萃取code of practice 工作规程,业务法规cold wave 寒潮coli test 大肠菌试验coliform 大肠的,大肠菌的coliform bacteria 大肠菌,大肠杆菌collecting trough 集水槽collection of classificated refuse 垃圾分类收集collection works 取水构筑物collector 集尘器,浮选促集剂,集电器,集水槽colloid 胶体colloidal 胶态的colony 菌落,群体color cast 色调color index 色度color-developing agent 显色剂colorimeter 比色计colorimetric analysis 比色分析colorimetry 比色法colour (color) 色,色度column plate 塔板combined available residual chlorine 化合性有效剩余氯combined sewage 合流污水,混合污水combined sewage system 合流下水道系统combustion 燃烧commercial formulation 生产配方commercial scale 工业规模commercial waste 商业废物,商业废水commercial 商业的,工业(用)的,大批生产的commercially 大批地commingle 混合,搀和comminute 使细碎,粉碎comminutor 磨碎机,粉碎机common grate 普通格栅communicable disease 传染病community 团体,界,全体居民,地区,社区,居民区,城镇,共同性,共有性,生物种群,群落community pollution 居民区污染,城市污染compaction 压实,压缩,致密化compactor truck 垃圾打包卡车compartment 间,室compensation 补偿,抵消,赔偿,平衡,调整completely miscible 完全混溶的complex 络合物complex ion 络离子component 组分,成分,分力,部件composite sample 混合样品,复合样品composite wastewater sample 混合废水样品composition 组成,成分,结构compost 把……做成堆肥,施堆肥于;堆肥compound fertilizer 复合肥料comprehensive utilization 综合利用compressed air 压缩空气concentrator 浓缩器concerted reaction 协同反应concrete 混凝土condensation 冷凝,凝结,缩合(作用),缩聚(作用)condensation polymerization 缩聚condensation reaction 缩合反应conditioning 调理(使污泥便于脱水)conductivity 传导性,传导率confined water 禁闭水confluence 汇流处,合流congeal 冻结,凝固conical type clarifier 圆锥形澄清池conjunction 联结,结合,连结connate water 原生水conservation 保护,守恒,保持conservation of energy 能量守恒consistence 稠性,相容性,一致性console 控制台consolidation tank (污泥)浓缩池constant rate pump 计量泵constant-head tank 恒水头水池constant-rate period 恒速阶段contact biological filter 接触生物滤池contact oxidation method 接触氧化法container 集装箱continental climate 大陆性气候continental drift 大陆漂移continuum 连续区,连续体contour line 等高线,等值线contour of water table 等水位线contracted weir 收缩堰contraction 收缩,收缩率convalescent 恢复期的convection 对流converging-diverging duct section 收缩-扩大管截面conveyer (conveyor) 传送机conveyor-type scraper 环链板刮泥器coordinate 坐标(系);坐标的coordination 配位correction 校正,改正,纠正correlation 相关(性)corridor 走廊,流槽corrosion inhibitor 缓蚀剂cost 费用,成本cost benefit evaluation 费用-收益评价,成本-效益评价counter current (counterflow)逆流counter force 反作用力counterweight 平衡重,对重covalent bond 共价键covered sludge drying bed 有盖的污泥干化床crack 裂缝cracker 破碎机cradle 支架,机架criterion (criteria) 准则,标准critical 临界的,极限的critical compressive force 临界压力critical point 临界点cross conveyor 横向传送刮板cross current 错流,正交流cross cut test 正交试验cross section 断面,剖面,截面crucible 坩锅crush 破碎crusher 破碎机,砸碎机crystallization 结晶culprit 罪魁祸首, 肇事原因culture 培养基,培养微生物的成长culture medium 培养基,培养物curing 固化,硫化,熟化,处理current repair 小修(理)curve 曲线cycle 循环,周期cyclone 旋流,旋风,气旋器,旋风分离器,旋风除尘器cyclone dust collector 旋风集尘器cyclone scrubber 旋风涤气器cyclone separator 旋风分离器cylinder 钢瓶,(氧)气瓶,圆筒体cytoplasm 细胞质Ddaily flow 日流量,逐日流量dairy waste 牛奶场废水[废物] damped balance 阻尼天平deactivation 钝化作用deaeration unit 脱气装置deafening effect 隔声效果debris 有机残渣,腐质,残骸decantation 倾析,倾泻上层液decay 腐烂,衰变dechlorination 脱氯decibel 分贝decking 盖板,铺面,支撑板declining growth phase 生长衰落期decolorize 漂白de-emulsification 解乳化,破乳化defacing 磨损,损伤外观defecation 澄清deficiency 缺乏deficit 亏空,赤字defoam 去沫,去泡沫defoaming agent 消泡剂,去泡剂deforestation 滥伐,砍伐森林degasification 脱气作用deglaciation 冰消(作用)degradation 降解(作用)dehydration 脱水(作用),去水deionized water 去离子水,无离子水deliquescence 潮解demister 除雾器denitrification 反硝化,脱氮,脱硝(作用)denitrifying bacteria 反硝化细菌densely inhabited district 人口密集区deodorization 除臭作用deoxygenation 脱氧,脱除溶解氧,消氧dephenolizing 除酚,脱酚deposit 沉淀物,沉积物deposition 沉积(作用),沉积物depreciation 折旧depressant 抑制剂depression 减压,降低,抑制,洼地desalination 海水淡化,脱盐(作用)desiccant 干燥剂desiccating agent 干燥剂desulfurization from exhaust 从尾气脱硫detection limit 检出极限detention time 停留时间,逗留时间,滞留时间detergent 洗涤剂,去垢剂detritus 杂粒dialysis 渗析,膜析(渗透离析法)diaphragm 膜片,隔膜differential gauge 压差计diffused aeration 扩散式曝气(法)digester 消化池,煮解器digestion 消化dilute solution 稀溶液dilution 冲淡,稀释dimensionless 无因次的,无量纲的dioxin 二噁英direct-flow demineralization 自流式脱矿质discharge 流出,排出量,排放,放电discharge area 过水面积discharge capacity 流量,排水量,排放量discharge permit 排污许可(证)discharge rate 流量率,排水率,排放率,排放速率discipline 学科,科目discrete settling 离散沉降,单粒沉降dish aerator 浅盘式曝气器disinfectant 消毒剂disinfection 消毒(作用),灭菌(作用)disintegrator 破碎机,碎裂机dismantle 拆开,拆散dismutation 歧化(作用)dispersate 分散质dispersed-air flotation 弥散空气浮选dispersion 分散(作用),弥散(作用)displacement 置换,位移disposal (废弃物)处理,处置disposal of refuse in land fills 垃圾填埋处置dissociation 离解dissolution 溶解dissolve 溶解dissolved oxygen sag curve 溶解氧下垂曲线,氧垂曲线distillation 蒸馏(作用)distributing trough 配水槽,布水槽diurnal variation 昼夜变化,(周)日变DO (dissolved oxygen) 溶解氧dome aerator 圆罩式曝气器domestic demand 生活用水量,居民用水量domestic fecal sewage (家庭)粪便污水domestic refuse 家庭垃圾domestic sewage 生活污水domestic waste 家庭废水,生活废水,家庭垃圾downcomer 下水管,落水管downstream 顺流的,在下游的;顺流地,在下游地draft 草图,通风,汲出,汲水,引通draft fan 引风机draft tube 引通管,引水管drag (流体对悬浮颗粒的)摩阻,曳力drain pit (drain sump) 排水坑drain tile 瓦管drainage 排水,排水设备,排出的水draw 汲,吸,拉,拖dredge 挖掘,清淤dress water 选矿水drought 干旱,旱灾dry weather flow (合流沟管)晴天流量,干季(七天以上无雨)流量dryer 干燥器drying oven 烘箱dual water supply 分质供水durability 耐久性duration 期间,历时duration day 日照长度dust 尘dust cloud 尘云dust fog 尘雾dwelling 住宅,住所dye 染料dyestuff 染料Eeasement 附属建筑物ecological perspective 生态学观点ecological crisis 生态危机ecology 生态学effervescence 起泡,液沸(现象)effervescing 泡腾,起泡,鼓泡(作用)efficient rotation (农作物)有效轮作effluent 出水,出流,排出物ejection 喷射ejector 喷射器,射流器,喷射泵electric precipitation 电除尘electrode potential 电极电位electrodialysis 电渗析electrogalvanizing 电镀锌electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质,电解液electrolytic dissociation (ionization) 电离electromagnetic flowmeter 电磁流量计electromotive forces 电动势electrophoresis 电泳electroplating 电镀electrostatic precipitator 静电除尘器element 要素,元素,单元,单体,元件,部件,组成部分,(pl.)(基本)原理,基础elevated 高架的elevated reservoir 高地水库elevated tank 高位水箱elevation 高度,高程,海拔elevator 提升器,升降机elimination 去除,消除,消去elutriation 淘洗embrittlement 脆化emergency basin 备用池emergency bypass 事故旁路emergency outlet 事故出水口emergency water supply 应急给水,事故给水emission 散发,排放,排放物emission standard 排放标准empirical equation 经验方程emulsification 乳化emulsify 乳化emulsion 乳浊液enclosure 围档物,围墙endogenous phase 内生相(发生于体内的)endogenous respiration (细胞新陈代谢的)内源呼吸endothermic 吸热的engender 产生,造成,引起enmeshment 网捕,使陷入网中enrichment 富集entrap 收集,捕集,诱捕,截留entropy 熵environmental disruption 环境破坏environmental disturbance 环境破坏environmental impact 环境影响environmental monitoring 环境监测enzyme 酶equalization 均衡equipment availability 设备完好率erecting diagram 安装图erosion 侵蚀,冲刷,冲蚀eruption 喷发ester 酯estuary (沿海的)河口etch 蚀刻,侵蚀,蚀刻剂ethane 乙烷ethanol 乙醇,酒精etherification 醚化(作用)ethylene 乙烯eutrophication 富营养化evacuate 抽真空,抽出,排出(气)evaluation 评价evaporation 蒸发evergreen shrub 常绿灌木evolution 进化,演化,发育enclosure 围挡物exclude 排除excrement 排泄物,粪便exhaust 抽空,排尽,废气,排出的气;排出的,废的exhaust duct 排气导管exhaust fan 排风扇exhaust gas 尾气,废气,排气exhausted liquid 废液exogenous 外生的(有机体外的),外源性的exothermic 放热的expenditure of energy 能量消耗exploitation 开发,开采,利用,运行,操作,剥削exposure 暴露,曝露,接触,照射exposure dose 接触剂量exposure to pollutant 曝露于污染物中,接触污染物extended aeration 延时曝气(法)extraction 萃取,提取Ffabric filter 布袋过滤器facility 设施facultative 兼性的facultative aerobe 兼性好氧菌,兼性需氧菌facultative anaerobe 兼性厌气菌,兼性厌氧菌fallout measurement 散落物测定fall overturn 秋季翻转fat and oil 脂和油(油脂)fat trap 聚油脂阱fault 故障fauna 动物群feed 进料feeding installation 供水装置,投加装置fell trees 砍树,伐木felling operation 伐木工作fen 沼泽fermentation 发酵fertilizing value of sludge 污泥的肥料价值field 田地,现场,……场field observation 野外观察field survey 现场调查filament 纤丝,丝状体filamentous organisms 含丝状体的生物体fill 填满,填筑fill and draw 间歇式,注排法filler 填料filter 滤池,过滤filter aid 助滤剂filter medium 滤料,过滤介质filter paper 滤纸filter press 压滤机filter run 过滤周期,滤池运行周期filter screen 滤网filtrate 滤液(从污泥脱水滤出的)filtration 过滤final clarifier 最后澄清池,终沉池fine gravel 细卵石fine screen 细筛finish 光洁度,涂层,面层finished product 成品finishing 精修,精制,精加工,最终加工fire hydrant 消火栓first approximation 一级近似first order reaction 一级反应fish culture in stream 河道养鱼fishery 渔业,水产业,渔场fittings 配件,零件fixation of nitrogen 氮固定,固氮fixed matter 固定物质,不挥发物质fixed-bridge scraper 固定桥下刮泥器(用于辐射沉淀池)fixture 装置,工件夹具flammability 可燃性,易燃性flange 法兰,凸缘,突缘flash mixer 快速混合器,闪急混合器flask 烧瓶flat bottom 平底flat floor 平底flexible tube 软管floatation 漂浮,浮选floating scum 浮渣floating-cover digester 浮盖式消化池floc 絮凝物,絮粒,絮体,绒粒(俗称矾花)flocculant 絮凝剂flocculation 絮凝(作用)flooded area 洪泛区,淹没地面flora 植物群flotation 浮选,气浮flow diagram 流程图flow meter 流量计flow pattern 流型flow rate 流量,流速flow sheet 流程图flue gas 烟道气,烟气flue gas desulfurization system 烟气脱硫系统fluidized bed 流化床flume 水槽,斜槽flush (强液体流)冲洗,清洗,冲水flushback 反冲洗fly ash 燃烧的烟尘,飞灰foam 泡沫;起泡沫,发泡沫foam recycle 泡沫(再)循环,泡沫回流food-borne illness 由食物传染疾病forced draft (draught) cooling tower 强制通风冷却塔forced ventilation 强制通风,机械通风foreign gas 杂质气体forest conservancy 森林保护forest deterioration 森林破坏formaldehyde 甲醛formation 地(岩)层fossil fuel 矿物燃料,化石燃料fractional distillation 分馏fractionation 分馏,分级,分数化free (available) chlorine 游离(有效)氯free labor 无偿劳动free radical 游离基,自由基fresh water 淡水fresh water aquiculture 淡水养殖friability 易碎性,脆性friction 摩擦full scale 实物尺寸的,大规模的,工业规模的,全刻度的fume 烟,烟气fuming nitric acid 发烟硝酸fungal component 共生菌fungi(pl.)菌类fungus (单数)菌,真菌furrow 沟槽Ggadget 小装置gage (gauge) 表,计,规尺galvanic cell 原电池galvanization 镀锌gamma ray detector γ射线探测器garbage 垃圾,废料,污物,厨余,食品加工废物gas collector 集气罩,气体收集器gaseous waste 废气gasification 气化gel 凝胶,冻胶gene 基因gene conversion 基因转换gene duplication 基因复制genesis 成因,起源genus 类,种类geologic survey 地质调查geological examination 地质调查,地质勘测geosphere 陆界,陆圈,岩石圈germ 细菌,病菌germicidal 杀菌的germicide 杀菌剂germination 发芽,生长,产生,晶核化,长晶核gland 压盖(俗称“格兰”),密封装置glucose 葡萄糖grab sample 临时样品,单一样品grade of grain 颗粒级配grade of slope 坡度gradient 坡度,梯度grain size 颗粒大小,粒度grain size grading 粒径分级gram-equivalent weight 克当量Gram-positive 格兰阳性,革兰氏阳性grand canyon 大峡谷granular 粒状的,颗粒的graph 标绘图,线图graphical symbol 图例,图解符号graphite 石墨grate 格栅gravel 卵石,砾石gravimetric analysis 重量分析gravimetry 重量分析法gravity filtration 重力过滤gravity flow 自流,重力流gravity separator 重力沉降分离器gravity thickening 重力增稠grease content 油脂含量grease trap 油分离阱,油脂捕集器green belt 绿化地带green-house effect 温室效应grinder 磨碎机grinding 磨碎grit (污水中的)粗砂,杂粒,硬渣grit chamber 沉砂池,杂粒池gross 总的,粗的ground vegetation 地面植被gypsum 石膏Hhabitat (动植物)生活境地,栖息地handling 处理,输送,装卸handling operation 装卸操作[作业] handling characteristic 处理特性harvest 收成,产量,收获(物,量);收获,收割haul 搬运,运程,运输量;用力拖(或拉),搬运,运输hauling charges 运费hauling equipment 运输设备hazardous 有害的,危险的hazardous waste 危险废物heat insulation 隔热heat release 放热heavily polluted 严重污染的herbicide 除草剂hereditary variation 遗传变异heterogeneous 非均匀的,多相的heterotrophic bacteria 异养菌high (low) flush tank 高(低)冲洗水箱high lift pump 高压泵high-rate 高负荷(率)的,高速的high-rate composting 高速[高效]堆肥high-rate digestion 高速[高效]消化hi-volume sampler 大体积取样器holder 储罐,夹具,架座holding tank 储料罐,收集槽homeostasis 生物体中的平衡homogeneous 均相的,均匀的,单一的hood 通风橱horizontal flow 平流hose 软管,水龙带household refuse 家庭垃圾humic acid 腐殖酸humidification 增湿(作用)humidity 湿度hybrid reaction 混合反应hybrid 杂化的,混合的,桥接的hydrant 消防龙头,消火栓hydrate 水合物hydration 水合(作用)hydraulic circular clarifier 水力循环澄清池hydraulic element 水力要素hydraulic sloughing 水力脱膜hydraulic stirring device 水力搅拌设备hydraulic subsiding value 水力沉降值hydrocarbon 烃,碳氢化合物hydrochloric acid 盐酸hydrology 水文学hydrophilic 亲水的,吸水的hydrophobic 恐水的,疏水的hydrostatical pressure 静水压力,流体静压力hydroxide 氢氧化物hydroxide ion 氢氧离子,羟离子hydroxyl ion 氢氧根离子,羟基离子hygienic 卫生的,卫生学的hyperfiltrate 超滤hypochlorite 次氯酸盐hypochlorite of lime 次氯酸钙,漂白粉Iimmersion 浸没,浸水immiscibility 不混溶性immobilized enzyme 固相酶,固定化酶impact allowance 冲击容许量impeller 叶轮impervious strata 不透水层impingement 碰撞,冲击,打击impingement plate tower 冲击式板式塔impinger 碰撞取样器,空气采集器impoundage 集水区impounding reservoir 蓄水池impulse 冲击,冲动,冲量,脉冲in block form 巨块状,成大块in bulk 散装,桶装in lumps 块团状incineration 焚化incinerator 焚化炉inclined tube settler 斜管沉淀器incremental loading (stepped feeding) 分段投加污水incrustation 结壳,外壳,表面装饰incubate (细菌)培养incubator 恒温箱,培养箱index 指数,索引,指标indicator organisms 指示性生物体,指示生物induced draft mechanical cooling tower 抽风式机械通风冷却塔industrial nuisance 工业公害inert filler 惰性填料inertia 惯性,惯量infection 传染infest 侵扰infiltration 渗透,渗入inflammability 可燃性,易燃性inflammable 可燃的,易燃的inflow 入流,流入物,流入(量),进水,进气influent 进水,入流infrared absorption spectrum 红外吸收光谱infrared gas analyzer 红外线气体分析仪ingest 摄入,摄取ingredient 成分,组成部分,配料,要素ingress 进口,进入ingress of groundwater 地下水侵入inherent moisture 固有水分inheritance 遗传inhibitor 抑制剂initial concentration 起始浓度initial interface velocity (rate of hindered settling) 悬浮物初始沉降速度initiation 引发,启动,开始injection 注射,喷射injector 注射器,喷射器inland water 内陆水体inlet 进水口,进口,雨水口inlet chamber 进口室,入流井inoculant 变质剂,孕育剂inoculate 给……接种,移植,嫁接inodourous 无臭气的,无气味的insecticide 杀虫剂installation 装置,设备instantaneous flow rate 瞬时流量instruction manual 使用手册instrument 仪器intact 完整的intake 取水口intake of water works 水厂取水口integrated control 综合防治integrated oxidation ditch 一体化氧化沟integrated plant protection 综合植物保护intercepting chamber 截流井interception 截流interceptor 截流管,截水沟interdisciplinary 各学科之间的,跨学科的interfacial active agent 界面活性剂interfacial tension 界面张力intermediate water supply 中水道interpolation 内插法interstice 空隙,孔interstitial 间隙的,空隙的,隙间的intestine 内部的,国内的;(pl.)肠intraparticle 粒子内的intrinsic energy 内能,本征能inundation 淹没,泛滥,水灾,洪水inventory 清单,目录,报表inversion layer 逆温层invert 管内底inverted-siphon 倒虹管iodide 碘化物iodine 碘iodometric titration method 碘量滴定法ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂ion migration 离子迁移,离子移动ion product 离子积ion-exchange membrane 离子交换膜ionization 电离(作用),离子化(作用)irrigation farming 灌溉农业isoelectric point 等电点isomer (同分)异构体isomerism 同分异构现象isotherm 等温线isotope 同位素Jjar 罐,瓶,(刺耳的)噪声jar test 搅拌试验,混凝试验,瓶式检验jelly 胶冻jet 喷射,射流jet aeration 射流曝气jet ejector 射流泵jetting machine 高压水清洗机junk 废料,废物;丢弃,丢掉jury pump 备用泵juxtaposition 并列,并置Kkeep clear of 避开,不接触Kjeldahl nitrogen 总有机氮kraft mill wastewater 制浆废水Llabeled compound 标记化合物lag growth 滞后生长lagoon 氧化塘,污水塘laminar flow 层流land disposal 地面排放,地面处置land irrigation (污水)地面灌溉land subsidence 地面沉降land treatment 地面(灌溉)处理landfill 土地掩埋,填埋landscape and recreation waterbody 景观和娱乐水体LAS 线性烷基苯磺酸盐(软性洗涤剂)latent heat 潜热lateral sewer 旁支沟管laundry waste 洗衣房废水lavatory 盥洗室lawsuit 诉讼leach 浸出,浸析;滤灰槽,沥滤器leachate (垃圾堆)渗滤液,沥滤液,浸出液leaching 浸取,浸提,渗洗leaching cesspool 渗污井,污水坑leather waste 皮革废水lethal dose 致死剂量level-sensing device 水位显示装置life 寿命,生命,生活life expectancy 预期寿命,预计期限lift head 扬程light catalyzed chlorine oxidation 光催化氯氧化liquefaction 液化liquefied gas 液化气liquefy 液化liquor 液litter 乱丢的废物,垃圾local exhaust ventilation 局部排气通风logger 记录器log-growth phase 对数生长期longevity 长寿,耐久性,存活力longitudinal 纵向的,经度的loop seal 环形管水封,回路水封loss on ignition 烧灼减重low flow year 枯水年low lift pump 低压泵magnetic stirring 磁力搅拌magnitude of traffic flow 交通流量main drain 总排水管maintenance 维护make-up water 补给水malnutrition 营养不良malodorous 恶臭的manhole 检查井,窨井,人孔manipulation (手工)操作manometer (流体)压力计,(流体)压差计manure 肥料,粪肥marine deposits 海底沉积物marsh 沼泽,湿地marsh gas 沼气mass 大块,质量mass action law 质量作用定律mass balance 物料衡算mass growth 群体生长mass spectrograph 质谱仪mass transfer 质量转移,传质material balance 物料平衡,物料衡算matrix 模型,杂矿石,矩阵,基体maturation 成熟mean 中间,平均值,中项;中间的,平均的,下等的mean particle diameter 平均粒径measured day work 计时日工(计量的一日工作量)measurement 测定,量度measuring flask 容量瓶meat processing waste water 肉类加工废水meat-packing waste 肉类包装废水mechanism 机构,机构学,机理,机制membrane separation 膜分离mesh 网眼mesophilic 中温的,嗜温的metabolic respiration 新陈代谢的呼吸metabolism 新陈代谢metal processing and finishing 金属加工及修饰metatrophic 间营养的,介营养的(介于营养与非营养之间)methane 甲烷,沼气method of images 源象法micellae (micelle) 胶束microfiltration 微(孔过)滤microscope 显微镜micro-strainer 微滤机milling 研磨mineral acid 无机酸mineral matter 矿物质mineralization 矿化作用,(有机物的)无机化(作用)mining waste 采矿废水miscellaneous (混)杂的,杂项的,各种各样的,多方面的;其他mist 轻雾mixing impeller 搅拌叶轮model 模式,模型model test 模型试验,小规模试验modification 改变,改进modified 改变的,改良的,修改的modified starch 改性淀粉molecular sieve 分子筛moor 荒野,沼morbidity发病率,每十万人的病例数morphology 形态学mortality 致命性moss 沼泽MPN (most probable number) 最概然数,最可能的数(目)mud 污泥,泥浆muffler 消声器,减声器multimedia 多种介质的,多种手段的,多种方式的multipurpose use of waste 废物综合利用municipal 城市的,市政的municipal refuse 城市垃圾municipal sewage 城市污水mutagenesis 致突变作用mutagenic 诱变的,致突变的mutation 突变nascent oxygen 初生氧,新生氧natural circulation 自然环流natural conservation 自然保护neck 颈,颈部niche 小生境,适当的位置,适当的场所nightsoil 人粪尿,粪便nitrate nitrogen 硝酸盐氮nitric acid 硝酸nitrification (氮的) 硝化(作用)nitrifying bacteria 硝化菌nitrite nitrogen 亚硝酸盐氮Nitrobacter 硝化杆菌nitrogeneous compound 含氮化合物Nitrosomonas 亚硝化毛杆菌(使氨氧化为亚硝酸盐)noise elimination 噪声消除noise level 噪声级noise silencer 噪声抑制器nomogram 列线图,诺模图non-ferrous metals 非铁金属, 有色金属normal solution 当量溶液noxious 有害的nuisance 讨厌物,公害nuisanceless technology 无公害工艺nutrient 营养物,养料Oobjectionable 讨厌的,不适合的,不能采用的,不好的,有害的objectionable impurity 有害杂质obligate aerobes 专性需氧菌,专性好氧菌obnoxious 讨厌的occupational disease 职业病ocean disposal 向海洋排放ocean dumping 向海洋投弃,向海洋倾倒odor (odour) 臭味,气味(指香味和臭味)odor and taste 臭味和水味odorant (odorous substance) 恶臭物质of interest 值得注意的,有关的,重要的offensive industry 有毒工业,有害工业offscum 脱浮渣oil separate tank 隔油池oil separator 分油器,油水分离器,隔油池oil-and-water trap 油水收集器,油水阱olfaction 嗅觉olfactory sense 嗅觉oligotrophic 贫营养的on-site treatment systems 就地处理系统open channel flow 明渠流open ditch 明渠operating rules 操作规程operation manual (产品)使用说明书operational research 运筹学opposing reaction 对抗反应,对峙反应order of magnitude 数量级order of reaction 反应级数ordinance 法令,条例ordinary pressure 常压organic carbon(OC) 有机碳organic polyelectrolyte 有机高分子电解质organic polymer 有机聚合物organism 有机体,生物体organometallic compound 有机金属化合物orifice column 筛板塔original concentration 原始浓度ORP (oxidation reduction potential) 氧化还原电位oscillation 振动,振荡osmosis 渗透outfall 渠口,沟渠出口,排水出口outlet 排出,出口,出水口outlet chamber 出流室,出流井overall floorage 总建筑面积overall reaction rate equation 总反应速率方程overflow 溢流overhaul (彻底)检查,检修overhead railway 高架铁路overhead storage water tank 高架储水箱overview 综述,概述,概要,观察,概观oxidizing agent 氧化剂。
专业英语? absorption?吸收?absolute?lethal ?dose,LD100?绝对致死量?? absolute?humidi ty?绝对湿度? acid?deposition?酸沉降?acid?rain?酸雨? activated?sludg e?process?活性污泥法?? active?transpor t?主动运输? acute?toxicity? test?急性毒性试验??acceptable?dai ly?intake,ADI?每天容许摄入量??accumulation?蓄积作用??activated?carbon?活性碳?adenine?腺嘌呤?additional?joint?action?相加作用?administer?给药、染毒?aerobic?digestion?有氧消化?aerosol?气溶胶?afforestation?绿化?allergic?reaction?变态反应??air?空气??air?analysis?空气分析?air-borne?pollutant?空气传播污染物?air?cleaner?空气净化器?air?contaminant?空气污染物?air?current?气流?airflow?rate?气流速度?air?humidity?气湿??air?ionization?空气离子化??air?monitoritoring?大气监测?air?pollution?大气污染??airpollutant?大气污染物??air?pollution?index?大气污染指数?air?pollution?surveillance?system?大气污染监测系统?air?pollution?legislation?大气污染法规?air?pressure?气压??air?purification?大气自净作用?air?quality?standard?大气质量标准?air?sampler?空气采样器?air?sanitation?空气卫生?air?sterilization?空气消毒?air?temperature?气温??air?temperature ?inversion?逆温?air?velocity?空气流速? alkalinity?碱度?alum?明矾? aluminium?sulfa te?硫酸铝? Ames?test?Ames 试验?ammonia-chlorin e?process?氯胺消毒法? ammonia-nirtite r-nitrates?三氮?anaerobic?diges tion?无氧消化?anemogram?风速计? anion?synthetic?detergent?阴离子合成洗涤剂?antagonism?拮抗试验antergy?对抗作用?argyria?银质沉着病?artificial?illumination?人工照明?arsenic?砷?artesian?aquifer?承压含水层?artesian?fountain?自流泉?artesian?well?自流井?atmosphere?compositions?大气组成?automobile?exhaust?汽车尾气?available?chlorine?有效氯?back-line?study?本底调查?bacteriological?examination?of?water?水质细菌学检验?base-pair?substitution?碱基置换?benzo(a)pyrene?苯并(a)芘?benzene?hexachloride,BHC?六六六?binign?tumor?良性肿瘤?bioactivation?生物活化?bioassay?生物鉴定?biochemical?oxygen?demand?生化需氧量?biodetoxication?生物解毒/生物灭活作用?biogeochemical?disease?生物地球化学性地方病?biological?filter?生物滤池?biological?half-life?生物半减期?biological?treatment?生物处理?biomembrane?粘液生物膜?biosphere?生物圈?biotoxin?生物毒素? biotransformati on?生物转化? biotransport?生物转运?black-foot?dise ase?黑脚病? blank?test?空白试验? bleaching?powde r?漂白粉?blood/gas?parti tion?coefficien t?血/气分配系数?blood-brain?bar rier?血脑屏障? blood?placental ?barrier?血-胎盘屏障? burning?furnace?焚烧炉? carcinoma?恶性肿瘤?cadmium?镉?calcium?hypochlorite?漂白粉精?cancer?癌?carbon?monoxide?一氧化碳?carbon?monoxide?poisoning?一氧化碳中毒?carbon?tetrachloride?四氯化碳?carcinogenicity?致癌性?carcinogenesis?致癌作用?centralized?water?supply?集中式给水chemical?carcinenesis?化学致癌作用?chemical?carcinogen?化学致癌物?chemicalteratogen?化学致畸物?chemical?mutagen?化学诱变物?chemical?oxygen?consumption?化学耗氧量chemical?oxygen?demand?化学需氧量?chlorination?氯化作用?chlorinator?加氯器?chlorine?ammonia?treatment?氯胺处理?chlorine?content?含氯量?chlorine?demand?需氯量chlorine?dosage?加氯量?chlorine?poisoning?氯中毒?chlorine?residual?余氯?chlorobenzene?氯苯?chloroform?氯仿?chlorophenothane,DDT?滴滴涕?chromosome?aberration?染色体畸变?chronic?abstricted?respiratory?disease?慢性阻塞性呼吸道疾病?chronic?toxicit y?test?慢性毒性试验?cilia?纤毛? clarification?澄清、净化? cloth?filter?布滤器? coagulation?混凝?coagulant?混凝剂? coagulation?aid s?助凝剂?cocarcinogen?促癌物? coeffient?of?na tural?illuminat ion?自然照度系数?coliforms?group?大肠菌群? collection?water?supply?system?集中式供水系统?colorimeter?比色计?compost?堆肥?comprehensive?utilization?综合利用?conjugation?reaction?结合反应?consumer?消费者?conversion?转化?cretinism?克汀病?cyanide?氰化物?cytosine?胞嘧啶?cumulative?coefficient?蓄积系数?damp?control?防潮?daylighting?自然采光?decomposer?分解者?defluoridation?除氟?degradation?reaction?降解反应?delayed?toxic?effect?迟发性毒作用?dental?caries?龋齿?dental?fluorosis?氟骨症?deport?输送?desalination?淡化(除盐)?desertification?沙漠化detoxication?解毒作用?direct?carcinogen?直接致癌物?direct?mutagen?直接致突变物?distribution?分布?disinfection?消毒?dissolved?oxygen?溶解氧?distllation?蒸馏?diversity?factor?不均匀系数?DNA?repair?修复?DNA?synthesis?合成?dominant?lethal?mutation?test?显性致死突变试验?dose-effect?rel ationship?剂量效应关系?dose-response?r elationship?剂量-反应关系? dust?粉尘或尘? ecosystem?生态系统? ecological?bala nce?生态平衡? ecosphere?生态圈?effective?tempe rature?有效温度?effective?size?有效粒径? electrodialysis?电渗析法embryotoxicity?胚胎毒性?endemia?地方病?endemic?goiter?地方性甲状腺肿?endemic?fluorosis?地方性氟中毒?energy?flow?能量流动?environmental?deterioration?环境恶化?environmental?disruption?环境失调?environmental?ecology?环境生态学?environmental?health?standard?环境卫生标准?environmental?health?criteria?环境卫生基准?environmental?hygiene?环境卫生学?environmental?monitoring?环境监测?environmental?pollution?环境污染?environmental?program?环境规划?environmental?protection?agency?环境保护局?environmental?quality?standard?环境质量标准?environmental?quality?evaluation?环境质量评价?essential?elements?必需元素?eutrophication?富营养化?facilitated?diffusion?易化扩散?falling?dust?降尘?fecal?innocence?treatment?粪便无害化处理ferric?sulfate?硫酸铁?ferric?trichloride?三氯化铁?ferrous?sulfate?硫酸亚铁?filtration?过滤?fluoride?氟化物?fluorine?氟food?chain?食物链?fog?雾? forward?mutatio n?正向突变? frameshift?muta tion?移码突变? free?residual?c hlorine?游离余氯?fume?烟? functional?accu mulation?功能蓄积?gene?mutation?基因突变? genotoxic?carci nogen?遗传毒性致癌物? goitrogen?致甲状腺肿物质? green?house?effects?温室效应?green?house?gases?温室气体?groundwater?地下水?guanine?鸟嘌呤hazard?危害?heating?采暖?heat?control?降温?hexavalent?chromium?六价铬?high?risk?population?高危险人群hospital?sewage?treatment?医院污水处理?humic?substance?/humus?腐殖质?hydrocarbons?碳氢化合物?hygienic?standard?for?domestic?drinking?water?生活饮用水卫生标准?idiosyncratic?reaction?特异体质反应?immediate?toxic?effect?速发毒性反应?impervious?bed?不透水层indirect?carcinogen?间接致癌物indirect?mutagen?间接致突变物?infrared?ray?红外线?inhalable?particulate,IP?可吸入颗粒物?initiating?stage?启动阶段interhalogens?卤间化合物?iodine?deficiency?disorder,IDD?碘缺乏病?ionosphere?电离层?irreversible?toxic?effect?不可逆毒作用?Itai-Itai?disease?痛痛病?Keshan?disease?克山病?Kashin-Beck?disease?大骨节病?landfill?填埋?lead?铅?Legionnaire’s?disease?军团病lethal?dose,LD?致死剂量? lethal?concentr ation,LC?致死浓度?50%?lethal?dose ,LD50?半数致死量?lighting?coeffi cient?采光系数local?toxic?eff ect?局部毒作用? London?smog?伦敦型烟雾?long-term?expos ure?长期暴露long-term?test?长期试验?Los?Angeles?smo g?洛杉矶烟雾? manganess?锰? marsh?gas?fermentation?沼气发酵?mass-spectrometry?质谱分析法?material?accumulation?物质蓄积?material?cycle?物质循环?maximal?tolerance?dose,LD0?最大耐受量?maximum?allowable?concentration,MAC?最高容许浓度?median?lethal?dose?半数致死剂量/浓度?mercury?汞?metabolic?activation?代谢活化?metabolic?transformation?代谢转化?metabolic?saturation?代谢饱和?metaboism?代谢?metabolite?代谢产物?metal?compounds?金属化合物mesosphere?电离层?methemoglobinemia?正铁血红蛋白血症?micronucleus?微核?minimal?effect?level?最小有作用剂量?minimal?lethal?dose?最小致死量?minamata?disease?水俣病?mixed?function?oxidase,MFO?混合功能氧化酶?mono-oxygenase?单氧酶?molecular?pollutant?分子状污染物municipal?refuse?城市垃圾mutagenesis?致突变作用?mutant?突变体?mutagen?致突变物(诱变物)?mutagenicty?致突变性mutation?突变?neurotoxicity?神经毒性?nitrogen?oxides?氮氧化物? nitrate?硝酸盐?noise?protecti on?防噪声?non-genotoxic?c arcinogen?非遗传毒性致癌物? oligodynamic?ac tion?微动作用? oncogene?癌基因?oxidation?氧化? oxidation?pond?氧化塘? ozone?臭氧? ozone?depletion?臭氧层耗竭? ozone?layer?臭氧层? particulate?pol lutant?粒子状污染物? particle?matter,PM?颗粒物?percolating?water?渗滤水?pervious?bed?透水层?persistent?organic?pollutants(pops)?持续有机污染物?pesticide?杀虫剂?phagocytosis?吞噬?photochemical?reaction?光化学反应?photochemical?smog?光化学烟雾piankton?浮游生物?pinocytosis?吞饮?pollutant?standard?index,PSI?污染物标准指数?polyaluminium?chloride?羟基/碱式氯化铝?polyacrylamide,PAA?聚丙烯酰胺?point?mutation?点突变?polychlorinated?biphenyls,PCB?多氯联polycyclic?Aromatic?hydrocarbons,PAH?多环芳烃?precarcinogen?前致癌物?primary?environment?原生环境?primary?pollutant?一次污染物?rimary?treatment?物理处理/一级处理?producer?生产者?progressing?stage?进展阶段?progression?进展?promoter?促进剂?promoting?stage?促进阶段?promutagen?促诱变物?proximate?carcinogen?近致癌物?pro-oncogene?原癌基因?public?nuisance?公害?pulmonary?macro phages?肺巨噬细胞? purification?净化?rapid?filter?快滤池?red?tide?红潮? refuse?burner?垃圾焚烧炉relative?humidi ty?相对湿度? removal?of?hard ness?软化/除硬removal?of?tast e?and?odor?除嗅味?reversible?toxi c?effect?可逆毒作用?risk?assessment?危险度评估? reverse?osmosis?反渗透法?reversional?mutation?回复突变?sand?filtration?砂滤?sanitary?and?anti-epidemic?station?卫生防疫站?sanitary?protection?of?water?source?水源卫生防护?sanitary?regulation?卫生法规?sarcoma?肉瘤?saturated?humidity?饱和湿度?secondary?environment?次生环境?secondary?pollution?二次污染?secondary?pollutant?二次污染?物?secondary?treatment?二级处理/生物处理?sedimentation?沉淀?selection?of?water?source?水源选择?selenium?硒?separate?water?supply?分散式给水?septic?tank?化粪池?sewage?works?污水处理厂?sewage?irrigation?污水灌溉?sick?building?syndrome,SBS?不良建筑物综合症?silver?银?simple?diffusion?简单扩散?skeletal?fluorosis?氟骨症?slow?filter?慢滤池?smog?烟雾?self-purification?自净作用?soil?pollution?土壤污染?somatic?mutation?体细胞突变?SOS?chromotest?SOS显色试验?spectrophotometer?分光光度计?septic?tand?化粪池?spontaneous?mut ation?自发突变? storage?depot?贮存库? stratosphere?平流层? stabilization?p ond?稳定塘? subacute?toxici ty?test?亚急性毒性试验? subchronic?toxi city?test?亚慢性毒性试验? sun?radiation?太阳辐射? susceptible?pop ulation?敏感人群? suspending?part iculate?飘尘? sulphur?dioxide?二氧化硫? surface?water?地面水?synergistic?joint?action?协同作用?systemic?toxic?effect?全身毒作用?target?organ?靶器官?terate?畸胎?teratology?畸胎学?teratogenic?effect?致畸作用?teratogenicity?致畸性temperature?inversion?气温?temperature?regulation?温度调节?tertiary?treatment?三级处理/深度处理?total?organic?carbon,TOC?总有机碳?total?hardness?总硬度?total?dissolved?solids?溶解性总固体total?bacteria?count?细菌总数?tolerance?耐受性?toxication?中毒?toxicant?毒物?toxicity?毒性?transition?转换?transversion?颠换?troposphere?对流层?toxico-dynamics?毒效学?toxico-Kinetics?毒物代谢动力学?tubidity?浑浊度?tumor?suppressorgene?抑癌基因?unscheduled?DNA?synthesis,UDS?程序外DNA合成?ultimate?carcinogen?终致癌物ultraviolet?ray?紫外线?visible?light?可视线?volatile?organic?compounds,VOCs?挥发性有机物?volatile?phenol ic?compounds?挥发酚类?waste?disposal?垃圾处理? waste?recycling?废物回收利用? waste?residue?废渣?waste?scavengin g?废物清除? wind?气流。
环境工程专业英语常用词汇表AAQS 环境空气质量标准AARS 机载观测资料自动发送系统ABL 大气边界层ACCAD 世界气候应用及资料计划咨询委员会ACMAD 非洲气象学应用促进发展中心ADI 容许日摄入量ADR 欧洲危险货物国际公路运输协定abatement 减低;降低;减少abiotic 无生命的;非生物的abrasive 磨料; 磨蚀剂; 有磨蚀作用的absorber (of long-wave radiation) 长波辐射吸收剂absorber vessel 吸收器; 吸收装置absorbing ability 吸收能力absorption 吸收作用absorptive complex 吸收性复合体abundance 丰度acceptable daily intake 容许日摄入量acceptance test 验收试验accident management 事故管理accidental spill 事故性溢漏acetate moiety 乙酸根;乙酸基acetylene dichloride 对称二氯乙烯acid fallout 酸性沈降物acid fog 酸雾acid mist 酸雾acid rain 酸雨acid sulphate soils 酸性硫酸盐土;热带沼泽林土acid(ic)deposit(ion) 酸性沈积物acid(ic) precipitation 酸性降水acid(ic)snow 酸雪acid-affected 受酸影响的;受酸危害的acid—causing substance 致酸物质acid-forming substance 成酸物质acidifying substance 酸化物质acidogenic bactria 产酸细菌acid-producing bacteria 产酸细菌acrylonitrile vapour 丙烯腈蒸气action area 行动区域;预定自然保护区action level 触发行动水平; 行动阈值Action Plan for the Biosphere Reserves 生物圈保护区行动计划Action Plan for the Programme of Studies 气候对人类影响研究计划的行动计划Action Plan for the Protection of the Atmosphere 保护大气行动计划action spectrum 作用光谱activated carbon 活性炭activated sludge 活性污泥activation of a response plan 实行应急计划active 活性的active solar energy system 现用的太阳能系统acyclic 无环的acyl nitrite 亚硝酸酰基酯acyl radical 酰基Ad Hoc Group of Legal Experts on Dumping 倾弃问题特设法律专家组add—on hardware 添加硬件add-on technology 增添技术adiabatic process 绝热过程administrative charges 管理费adsorbent 吸附剂adsorption 吸附作用adverse climate change 不利的气候变化adverse effect 不利效应; 不利影响adverse environment effect 对环境不利的影响adverse health effect 对健康不利的影响adverse impact 不利影响Advisory Committee on Marine Pollution 海洋污染咨询委员会(海洋污染咨委会)Advisory Committee on Marine Pollution 海洋污染咨询委员会(海洋污染咨委会)Advisory Group on Greenhouse Gases 致温室效应气体问题咨询小组aeronautical climatology 航空气候学Aeronautical Meteorology Programme 航空气象学计划aerosol 气溶胶; 烟雾体aerosol (spray—)can 喷雾罐;气溶胶喷罐aerosol dispenser 气溶胶喷罐;气溶胶发生器aerosol load 气溶胶浓度; 气溶胶含量AFBC 常压流化床燃烧AFC 区域预报中心afforestation 造林;绿化aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲环境问题部长级会议African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲环境问题部长级会议African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲部长级环境会议African NGO Environment Network 非洲非政府组织环境网after-care of disposal sites 垃圾堆置场的使用后管理aftershock 余震AGCM 大气环流模型Agricultural Meteorology Programme 农业气象学计划agrochemicals 农用化学品agroclimatic 农业气候的agroclimatological zoning 农业气候分区agrometeorology 农业气象学A-horizon 淋溶层; A层air barrier 气障;气泡阻挡层;气泡屏蔽air chemistry 大气化学air column 气柱air current 气流air injection system 空气喷射系统air intrusion 气流侵袭air mass 气团air monitoring 大气监测air parcel 气块air pollutant 空气污染物air pollution 空气污染air pollution control 空气污染控制air pollution load 空气污染物浓度; 空气污染物含量air shed 大气补给分界线air shower 大气中宇宙线的簇射air surveillance 空气污染监视airborne contaminant 气载污染物airborne emissions 空气中的排放物airborne fraction of carbon 空气中的碳化合物馏分airborne particulates 空气中的悬浮微粒; 气载微粒airborne pollutant concentration 气载污染物浓度如需转载,请注明来自:FanE『翻译中国』http;// airborne pollution 大气污染;空气污染airborne system 机载系统airborne transport 大气输运aircraft(—based)observations 机上观测airflow 气流air—fuel ratio 空气燃油比air-sea boundary layer 大气海洋边界层;海-气边界层air—sea interaction 大气海洋相互作用;海-气相互作用air—sea interface 大气海洋界面;海—气界面albedo 反照率;反射率albedo radiation 反照辐射algae control 藻类控制algal bloom 水华;藻华;藻类大量繁殖alicyclic 脂环族的aliphatic compound 脂族化合物alkadiene 链二烯alkali metal 碱金属alkaline—earth metal 碱土金属alkalinization 碱化; 碱化作用alkane 烷; 链烷烃alkene 烯;链烯烃alkyd resins 醇酸树脂alkyl aluminium halide 卤化烷基铝alkyl nitrate 硝酸烷基酯alkyl nitrite 亚硝酸烷基酯alkylphosphonothio dihalide 烷基硫代膦酰二卤alkyne 炔; 链炔烃alleviating measures 缓和措施;减轻措施allowable daily intake 容许日摄入量alluvial deposit 冲积物; 冲积层alluviation 冲积;冲积作用allyl chlorocarbonate 氯甲酸烯丙酯alterant 备用方案alternative development 可选择的发展alternative fuel 代用燃料alternative technology 可选择的技术altitude distribution 高度分布;垂直方向分布ambient air 环境大气;环境空气ambient air monitor 环境空气监测ambient air quality standard 环境空气质量标准ambient quality standard 环境质量标准ambient standard 环境标准AMCEN 非洲部长级环境会议amenities of the countryside 乡村的舒适amenity rights 舒适环境的权利;舒适权amine ring 氨基环ammonia (NH3)氨ammonia solution (NH4OH) 氨溶液;氢氧化铵;氨水ammonia water 氨水; 氨溶液; 氢氧化铵ammonium hydrogen sulphite (NH4HSO3) 亚硫酸氢铵ammonium hydroxide 氢氧化铵;氨溶液;氨水ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4) 硫酸铵ammonium superphosphate 过磷酸铵ammonolysis 氨解作用ammoxidation 氨解氧化作用;氨氧化反应作用amplification factor 放大因子anaerobic conditions 缺氧情况ANEN 非洲非政府组织环境网animal density 动物密度anion exchanger 阴离子交换剂anomalous fluctuations 反常起伏;反常波动anomaly 反常;异常Antarctic Circle 南极圈Antarctic ozone hole 南极臭氧层空洞Antarctic springtime ozone depletion 南极春季臭氧消耗Antarctic stratospheric circumpolar vortex 南极平流层环极涡旋anthropogenic 源于人类活动的; 人为的anticipatory environmental action 防患未然的环保行动anti—desertification programme 防止沙漠化计划antioxidant 抗氧化剂;防老化剂anti-trade 反信风APELL 在地方一级知道和作好工业事故的准备APELL 在地方一级知道和作好工业事故的准备appliance labelling 电器用品贴上标签如需转载,请注明来自:FanE『翻译中国』http;//www。
环境专业英语词汇对照表.APPENDIXSelected English Words and Expressions for Environmental SubjectAabacterial 无菌的池,机械澄清池,加速器 abatement 减少,减access 小,取消,消除接近,(出)abnormal blooming of 入口,使用或接近的机会或门路,浮游生物异plankton 方法、捷径常繁殖附属accessory 无附件,absolute alcohol品水酒精absolute temperature accidental error 偶然误差绝对温度适服水土,acclimate absorb 吸收absorbent 吸收剂;吸应环境,适应气候驯收性的 acclimatization(对环境条件的)absorption 化,吸收适 abundant precipitation过量降水应适深 abysmal deposit accommodate 使应,接纳,调节,海沉积物容纳, accelerator 供应,提供加速澄清 2acetic acid 醋酸 activatedsilica 活性硅土丙酮 acetoneactivated sludge 乙炔acetylene 活性污泥 acid fog 酸雾acidify 酸化(作用) activation 活化,激活活性酸度,酸性acidity active chlorinematerial acid-proof 氯活度,耐酸材料活性, activity acoustic construction 放射性,功率适 adaptable species 隔声构造声致fatigue acoustic 应性强的物种适应,匹疲劳adaptationacquisition 获得,取配,采用,改编(本),修改,适应性,适得,采集辛辣的,腐蚀性应力acrid附加物,添的 additive加剂;加成的条例,法案,法规, act 行为,动作adherence 粘附activated biofilter 粘附力活adhesion绝cooling adiabatic 性生物滤池activated carbon 活热冷却调节,调性碳adjustment3准,控制,安装沉砂槽aeration 掺合物,曝气 admixture aeration blower 杂质曝气adsorbate 被吸附物,鼓风机好气吸附质 aerobic 好氧的,的,需氧的,有氧的吸附剂;adsorbent biological吸附的 aerobic好吸 treatment process adsorber 吸附器,附剂氧生物处理法,需氧生adsorption isotherm吸附等温线物处理法treatment aerobic decomposition advanced好氧分解,需氧分解高级处理,深度处理aerated contact bed aerosol 气溶胶contact aesthetically (submerged从审美角度看 aerator) 曝气接触床(淹没式接触曝气池) affinity 亲和力,亲和曝气势aerated lagoonaffluent 支流氧化渠aerated 造afforestationspiral-flow 林曝气螺,绿化channel grit (计划)火舌燃burner after 旋流 4烧炉,后燃烧装置,补染监视燃器 air release valve 放气阀,释压阀 agar 琼脂agglomerate 使聚集,air relief installation排气设备使成团 pathogen aggressive air sparger 曝气器 air stripping 侵袭性病原体气提空气中的,空压airborne air compressor 机,压气机空降的,空运的pathongenic air conditioner 空调airborneorganism 空气致病生器气压计air gauge 物体空气升pump air hammer 气压锤 air-lift水泵,气提泵空气干管air header 鸟瞰,鸟瞰图airview 进气量air inflow乙醇,酒精alcohol 进气孔 airintakealdehyde air mass 气团醛藻类algae air polluntant emission繁algal bloom 空气污染物inventory 藻水排放清单盛调pollution alignment air成直线,surveillance 空污气准,准线,直线性, 5结盟,联合 amine 胺consumption amino acid 氨基酸alkaliammonia ) 碱消耗(量nitrogen氨氮alkali earth 碱土 alkaline 碱性的ammoniastripping气提法除氨氨的气提,alkalinity 碱度氨化alkalization 碱化ammonificationbenzene 作用,加氨alkyl sulfonate (ABS) 烷基 ammonium 铵ionamphoteric 苯磺酸两性resin exchange 盐离子交 alluvial deposit 冲积换树脂物,冲积层合成代谢,anabolism alum 矾,明矾铝酸盐aluminate 组成代谢厌 aluminum sulfate 硫厌氧的,anaerobic酸铝气的,无溶解氧的anaerobic-anoxic-oxicquality air ambient好缺氧-厌氧standard 环境空气质process- 量标准氧法环 ambient noise analysis 境variance of 噪声方差分析 6analytical balance 分用),拮抗(作用)antibiotics 析天平抗菌素,anemometer 风力计,抗生素防 antifreezing agent 风速计anemoscope 风向仪冻剂隙缝,孔径,aperture anhydrous 无水的community animal 小孔仪器,装 apparatus 动物群落置阴离子,负离anionactivationapparent子anionic surface active energy 表观活化能appreciable agent 阴离子表面活明显的,相当可观的性剂depreciation appurtenance (常annual 用pl. ) 附属物,设备,年折旧precipitation annual 配件,附属建筑,附属装置年降水量aquatic 阳极,正极 anode 水的,水生的,水上的阳阳极氧化, anodizeaquatic habitat 极处理水生环境anoxic 缺氧的antagonism community 对抗(作aquatic7水生群落 wetland )人工湿地(系统)水生生物aquatic life aqueduct 水道,渠,artificialfibres 人造纤维导水管石棉aqueous 水的 asbestos上氨ascending velocity aqueous ammonia水升速度水 ash content 灰分aqueous solution灰渣输溶液 ash conveyer送带 aquifer 蓄水层,(地handlingash 下)含水层,含水地设尘除层equipment备 arbitrary 独裁的,专使(人)制的,专横的,任意asphyxiate窒息、闷死的,随机的,独立吸气,吸aspiration 的渴望,入,吸出,愿望,芳香的,芳aromatic烃的;芳香剂志向ventilation arsenic aspiration 砷artery 动脉,运输线排气通风(法)分析,化验 wetland artifical assayconstructed assembly (装配,组 8合;机组 attenuation 衰减,减assimilate 同化,吸收弱,减轻,减少,减小assimilativerespiration 同化呼吸 attraction 引力,吸引损耗 mineral attrition 磨损,associated高autoclave 高压锅,伴生矿物atmospheric压釜 dispersion automatic 大气弥散,flushback大气分散自动反冲洗atmosphericemission automaticvalveless自动无大气排放物 filter gravity absorption atomic 阀spectrophotometry 无阀滤重力流滤池,池原子汽automobile exhaust 吸收分光光度测定法车尾气,汽车废气自养生fluorescence atomic autotroph(e) 物,自营性生物 spectrophotometry自养的, autotrophic 原自我营养的,无机营子荧光光谱atomization 喷喷雾,养的有雾法,雾化 chlorine available9效氯负荷容量axial flow 可用轴流 available headazo dye 水头偶氮染料average yearly loadingazotification 固氮(作均用)capacity 年平Bbackfill bactericide 杀菌剂回填backflow 回流bacteriological background noise 背菌examination 细检景噪声,本底噪声验background survey bacteriologically 按本底调查细菌学的观点back-pressure baffle 挡板 valve 隔 baffle board 挡板,单向阀(check valve)反冲音板cycle backwashreactionbaffled 周期隔板式反应bacteria大肠杆coli chamber菌室细bacterial colony 袋滤器,袋filter bag菌菌落式过滤器bacterial population baghouse 滤袋布袋,室,滤袋装置细菌种群10baghouse precipitator 携带,含有布袋除尘器 beaker 烧杯bearing capacity 承ball mill 球磨机重能力(污泥) band dryerbelt filter press (污带式干化机(belt 泥)带式脱水机 band screen带带式格网,工作台,实验 screen) bench桌,板凳条滤小型的, bench-scale 网实验室(规模)的bar screen 格栅小型 bench scale test barometer 气压计试验,实验室试验,barrel 桶,桶状物盐基度模型试验碱度,basicity废物回batch beneficiation 分批的,间歇收加工(式)的苯benzene batch centrifuge 间氢bicarbonate 歇式离心机碳酸distillation batch 盐,重碳酸盐分粘合,束缚,堵批蒸馏bindbatchwise operation 塞生物鉴定,分批式操作 bioassaybe laden with 充满,活体鉴定 11biochemical oxygen 用)biomass 生物体群,demand (BOD) 生化生物量需生物氧量bioremediationbiocoenosis 生物修复群落物生洗bioscrubberbiodegradable 可涤器,生物涤气器生物降解的吸生物 biosorption biodegradation 附,生物吸收生物降解(作用) biosphere 生物圈bio-disc 生物转盘生物群biota biofilter 生物滤池 biotic community 生biogeophysical 生物物群集,生物群落地球物理的群落生境, biotope biological filter 环境条件均匀的地方loading 生物滤池负(一 blackliquor 黑液般指纸浆厂废液)荷(率)biological 空assay 白试blank phosphate验,空白检定生物除磷酸 removal盐 blast 鼓风 biology 生物学漂liquid bleaching(作biolysis 白液生物分解 12blind ditch 暗沟养,肉汤培养物bubble aeration 气泡block diagram 方块曝气图bubbling bloom 大量增殖,旺tower 起泡塔发point Buchner funnel boiling 布氏漏斗depression 沸点降低calorimeter bucker excavator bomb斗式挖掘机弹式量热器(炸)斗式booster pump bucket dredger 增压泵挖泥船植物的缓冲剂缓冲液,buffer botanic缓冲boundary capacity 边界 buffer layer层能力,缓冲容量branch 支线,支管,building drain 建筑建筑分支管物内污水总管,标记,牌子排水管 brand (housesewer building 穿透, breakthrough 贯穿,泄漏sewer) 建筑物外污啤酒厂水总管 breweryactivated bulking of brine 海水,盐水肉汤培 culture broth 活性污泥的膨 sludge13胀 bypass 旁通管,超越管,旁路浮力buoyancy force滴定管buretteCcabinet 箱,柜,橱 capillary 毛细管;毛细的,毛细管的笼式转子 cage rotorcapillary suction conveyer 滤饼time cake毛细空吸时间(测定输送带污泥过滤性)cake of filter-press capital cost 基本(建滤块,污泥压滤饼设)投资,投资费,资焙烧煅烧,calcinationcalcium lime 本值(calcium修石oxide, CaO) 大capitalrepair灰,生石灰(理)carbonaceous 石sulphate calcium含碳化合膏,硫酸钙compoundcalibration 校准,标物carburetor 汽化器定,定标致癌物,carcinogen 卡(路里)calorie热值 calorific value 致癌因素毛细管作 capillaritycardiovascular disease用,毛细现象心血管疾病14carrier 带菌者,载体性的;苛性药,氢氧cascade 级联化物caveat 分解代谢(防止误解的)catabolismcatalysis 催化(作用)说明作蚀catalyst 催化剂 cavitation 空用,气蚀作用,空穴作 cataphoresis 电泳用 catchment 集水区域protection cavity cathode 空腔小室,细胞,电cell 阴极保护池,盒阳离子,正离cation细胞块cell mass 子cellularcation-exchange protoplasmsoftener 阳离子交换细胞原生质多孔细胞的,软水cellular器的,蜂窝状的cationic surface active cementation 胶结(作(cationic 用)agentcentigradesurfactant) 阳离子表摄氏温面活性剂thermometer度计 lime (quick) caustic离心的生石灰,石灰 centrifugal caustic 污水池腐蚀性的,苛cesspool15channel improvement chemical 河道整治 nomenclature 化学命characteristic curve of 名法oxygenchemical pump 泵的特性曲线demand (COD) 化学characterization 表需氧征,性能描写木炭量charcoalcharge 电荷;充(水、chemical resistance耐化学性,化学抗性气、电等)chemicalchart 图表计学 check 核对,阻止,化stoichiometry制动装置,支票,联量学单 chloride 氯化物checklist (核对用的)chloride ion 氯根离清单子氯化,reagent 螯chlorinate ()使chelating合剂,用氯消毒,用氯处理漂化学的;化chemical lime chlorinated学品,化学制品白粉投 unit feed chlorine engineering chemical化工单unit operation 氯设备,加氯单元元操作氯仿 chloroform16chlorophyll 叶绿素清洁生产climatemodification 霍乱 cholera人工影响气候色 chromatography climatic 层(分离)法 anomaly 气候异常 chronic pollution 慢性clinker 污染,长期污染(煤燃烧后留chronic toxicity test 下的)渣滓,熔渣,熔块慢性毒性试验closet 煤渣,焦渣cinder 盥洗室clarifier cloudiness 混浊性,circulator浊度水力(循环)澄清池凝混凝剂,蓄水池,贮 cistern coagulant聚剂水器助凝引用,引证aids coagulant citeclamp 夹子剂混凝,凝 clarificant 澄清剂coagulationclarification 聚澄清,凝结,凝聚,净化coalesce合并(classifier 结合沉砂池extraction 的)洗砂机,分级机cocurrent粘土clay 并流萃取production cleanercode of practice 工作 17色度规程,业务法规 color indexcolor-developing agent cold wave 寒潮显色剂大肠菌试验 coli test大比色计colorimeter coliform大肠的,肠菌的 analysiscolorimetric比色分析大coliform bacteria比色法colorimetry 肠菌,大肠杆菌色,色 colour (color) trough collecting 集度水槽 columnplate 塔板collection ofavailableclassificated combinedrefuseresidual 垃圾分类chlorine 化合收集性有效剩余氯collection 取workscombined sewage 水构筑物合流污水,混合污水 collector 集尘器,浮combined 选促集剂,集电器, sewage 道水下集水槽流合 systemcolloid 系统胶体colloidal combustion 燃烧胶态的commercial菌落,群体 colony配产色调 color cast 生formulation18方镇,共同性,共有性,生物种群,群工commercial scale落业规模community pollution commercial waste 商居民区污染,城市污业废物,商业废水染commercial 商业的,compaction 工业(用)的,大批压实,压缩,致密化生产的commercially 大批地 compactor truck 垃混合,搀圾打包卡车 commingle和compartment 间,室补偿,compensation comminute 使细碎,抵消,赔偿,平衡,粉碎调整磨碎机,comminutormisciblecompletely 粉碎机完全混溶的普通grate common络合物complex 格栅communicable disease complex ion 络离子组分,成传染病componentcommunity 团体,分,分力,部件混sample composite 界,全体居民,地区,社区,居民区,城合样品,复合样品 19composite wastewatercondensation reactionsample 混合废水样品缩合反应conditioning 成调理composition 组成,(使污泥便于脱水)分,结构conductivity ……做成传导性,compost 把传导率堆肥,施堆肥于;堆confined water 禁闭肥fertilizer compound 水confluence 汇流处,复合肥料合流comprehensivecongeal 冻结,凝固综合利用utilizationconical type clarifier compressed air 压缩圆锥形澄清池空气conjunction 联结,浓缩器结concentratorconcerted 合,连结 reaction生协同反应 connate water 原concrete 混凝土水保护,condensation 冷凝, conservation ,守恒,保持凝结,缩合(作用)缩聚(作用)conservation of energycondensation 能量守恒稠性,相缩聚polymerization consistence20容性,一致性等值线contour of water table console 控制台tank consolidation 等水位线contracted weir (污泥)浓缩池收缩堰 constant rate pump 计contraction 收缩,收量泵tank 缩率constant-headconvalescent 恢复期恒水头水池period 的constant-rate convection 恒速阶段对流contact biological filter converging-diverging收缩-接触生物滤池section duct oxidation 扩contact接触氧化法大管截面methodcontainer conveyer集装箱 (conveyor)climate continental 传送机conveyor-type scraper 大陆性气候环链板刮泥器大drift continental coordinate坐陆漂移标(系);坐标的连续区,continuumcoordination 连续体配位contour line 等高线,correction 校正,改 21正,纠正 cradle 支架,机架correlation 相关(性) criterion (criteria) 准 corridor 走廊,流槽则,标准inhibitor critical corrosion 临界的,极限的缓蚀剂compressivecost 费用,成本 criticalcost benefit evaluation force 临界压力费用-收益评价, critical point 临界点成本-效益评价 cross conveyor 横向current 传送刮板counter正 cross current 错流,)(counterflow 逆流 counter force 反作用交流正交试test cross 力 cut 衡验平counterweight断面,重,对重 cross section价共剖面,截面 covalent bond键 crucible 坩锅破碎 crush drying sludge covered砸碎破碎机,crusher 有盖的污泥干化bed机床 crack 裂缝结晶crystallization肇破碎机 cracker , 罪魁祸首culprit22事原因器,旋风除尘器cyclone dust 培养基,培养collector culture旋风集尘器微生物的成长cyclone scrubber 培养旋culture medium风涤气器基,培养物cyclone separator 固化,硫化,旋curing风分离器熟化,处理cylinder 修钢瓶,(氧) current repair 小气瓶,圆筒体(理)cytoplasm curve 曲线细胞质cycle 循环,周期旋流,旋风,cyclone 气旋器,旋风分离Ddaily flow 日流量,逐deaeration unit 脱气装置日流量deafening effect 奶场隔声 dairy waste 牛效果废水[废物]debris damped balance 阻有机残渣,腐质,残骸尼天平decantation 倾析,作化钝deactivation 倾用泻上层液 23decay 腐烂,衰变 deglaciation 冰消(作用)脱氯 dechlorination degradation 降解decibel 分贝(作decking 盖板,铺面,用)(作脱水支撑板 dehydrationgrowth declining用),去水deionized phase 生长衰落期water去离子水,无离子水漂白decolorize deliquescence de-emulsification 潮解解demister 除雾器乳化,破乳化denitrification 磨损,损伤反硝defacing化,脱氮,脱硝外观(作用)denitrifying defecationbacteria 澄清反硝化细菌缺乏deficiency inhabited 亏空,赤字 densely deficitdefoam 去沫,去泡沫 district 人口密集区deodorization agent defoaming 消除臭作用泡剂,去泡剂deoxygenation 脱氧,滥伐,deforestation脱除溶解氧,消氧砍伐森林dephenolizing degasification 除酚,气脱作用脱酚 24deposit 沉淀物,沉积detritus 杂粒dialysis 物渗析,膜析(渗透离析法)deposition 沉积(作diaphragm 膜片,隔用),沉积物膜折旧depreciationdifferential depressant 抑制剂gauge降压差计 depression 减压,扩低,抑制,洼地diffused aeration散式曝气(法)淡desalination 海水消化池,煮digester 化,脱盐(作用)解器 desiccant 干燥剂消化干燥desiccating agent digestion溶剂稀dilute solutionfrom 液desulfurizationdilution 冲淡,稀释从尾气脱硫exhaustdimensionless 检出 detectionlimit 无因次的,无量纲的极限dioxin 停留 time detention 二噁英direct-flow时间,逗留时间,滞留自demineralization 时间去 detergent 洗涤剂,流式脱矿质排出垢剂流出, discharge25量,排放,放电 dismutation 歧化(作用)area 过水 discharge dispersate 分散质面积capacity dispersed-airdischargeflotation流量,排水量,排放量弥散空气浮选discharge permit dispersion 分散(作排污许可(证)用),弥散(作用)discharge rate 流displacement 置换,量率,排水率,排放率,位移排放速率disposal (废弃物)处理,处置科目学科, discipline离散settling of disposal refuse in discrete沉降,单粒沉降 land fills 垃圾填埋处浅盘式置aerator dishdissociation 曝气器离解dissolution 溶解disinfectant 消毒剂消毒(作 dissolve 溶解disinfection oxygen dissolved sag ,灭菌(作用)用)碎破 disintegrator 溶解氧下垂曲curve线,氧垂曲线机,碎裂机拆开,拆作(馏蒸distillation dismantle用)散26distributing trough 的,在下游的;顺流地,在下游地配水槽,布水槽diurnal variation 通风,汲昼draft 草图,夜变化,(周)日变出,汲水,引通DO (dissolved oxygen) draft fan 引风机引通管,引溶解氧draft tube圆罩式 dome aerator 水管曝气器(流体对悬浮颗drag生domestic demand 粒的)摩阻,曳力活用水量,居民用水量 drain pit (drain sump)domestic fecal sewage 排水坑(家庭)粪便污水 drain tile 瓦管drainage 家庭排水,排水domestic refuse设备,排出的水垃圾draw 汲,吸,拉,拖 domestic sewage 生dredge 活污水挖掘,清淤dress water domestic waste 选矿水家庭废水,生活废水,家庭 drought 干旱,旱灾合(垃圾 dry weather flow流沟管)晴天流量,下水管, downcomer 干季(七天以上无落水管downstream 流顺雨)流量 27dryer 干燥器度dust 烘箱尘 drying ovendust cloud dual water supply 分尘云dust fog 尘雾质供水dwelling durability 耐久性住宅,住所duration 期间,历时 dye 染料染料duration day dyestuff 日照长Eeasement 附属建筑作物)有效轮作effluent 物出水,出流,排出物ecologicalejection 喷射态生学 perspective ejector 喷射器,射流观点器,喷射泵 ecological crisis 生态electric precipitation 危机生态学ecology 电除尘起泡,effervescence potential electrode电极电位液沸(现象)渗电泡腾,起effervescing electrodialysis 泡,鼓泡(作用)析电 efficient rotation (农electrogalvanizing 28镀锌础elevated 电解高架的electrolysiselevated reservoir electrolyte 电解质,高地水库电解液elevated tank electrolytic 高位水dissociation (ionization) 箱高,电离高度elevationelectromagnetic 程,海拔提升器,升flowmeter elevator 电磁流量计降机去除,消electromotive elimination forces除,消去电动势淘洗 elutriation 电泳electrophoresisembrittlement 电镀脆化electroplating备electrostaticemergency basin静 precipitator 除用池电事emergency bypass 尘器element 要素,元素,故旁路事emergency outlet 单元,单体,元件,部件,组成部分,故出水口water()pl.(基本)原理,emergency应急给水,事基supply29故给 enmeshment 网捕,使陷入网中水emission 散发,排放,enrichment 富集收集,捕集,entrap 排放物诱捕,截留排emission standard entropy 熵放标准environmentalequation empirical环境破坏disruption 经验方程environmental 乳化emulsification破境disturbance 乳化emulsify 环坏乳浊液 emulsionenclosure environmental impact 围档物,围环境影响墙environmental内 endogenous phase环境监测 monitoring 生相(发生于体内的)酶endogenousenzyme均衡equalization respiration (细胞新equipment 陈代谢的)availability 内源呼吸设备完好率安endothermic diagram erecting 吸热的生产 engender 造,装图侵蚀,冲刷,成,引起 erosion30冲蚀 enclosure 围挡物exclude 排除 eruption 喷发excrement ester 酯排泄物,粪便河estuary (沿海的)exhaust 抽空,排尽,口废气,排出的气;排etch 蚀刻,侵蚀,蚀出的,废的刻剂exhaust duct ethane 乙烷排气导管乙醇,酒精 ethanol化排风扇exhaust fan 醚etherification尾气,废exhaust gas (作用)气,排气ethylene 乙烯废营liquid exhausted 富eutrophication液养化的exogenous 抽真空,抽evacuate 外生,外源(有机体外的)出,排出(气) evaluation 评价性evaporation 蒸发的 shrub evergreen 常放热的exothermic绿灌木expenditure of energy,化进 evolution 能量消耗演开化,发育开发, exploitation31采,利用,运行,操污染物extended aeration 作,剥削延exposure 暴露,曝露,时曝气(法)萃取,提接触,照射 extraction取exposure dose 接触剂量pollutant to exposure接触曝露于污染物中,Ffabric filter 布袋过fat and oil 脂和油(油脂)滤器fat trap facility 设施聚油脂阱fault 兼性的故障 facultative fauna facultative aerobe 兼动物群性好氧菌,兼性需氧菌 feed 进料anaerobe facultativeinstallation feeding兼性厌气菌,兼性厌氧供水装置,投加装置fell trees 砍树,伐木菌measurement felling operation fallout 伐木工作散落物测定fen 沼泽秋季翻 overturn fall发酵转 fermentation32fertilizing value of filter press 压滤机filter run 过滤周期,sludge 污泥的肥料价值滤池运行周期field 田地,现filter screen 滤网场,……场滤液(从污泥 filtrate field observation 脱水滤出的)野外观察过滤filtrationfield survey final clarifier 最后澄现场调查清池,终沉池filament fine gravel 细卵石纤丝,丝状体 fine screen 细筛光洁度,涂层, finish organisms filamentous 面层含丝状体的生物体finished product 成fill 填满,填筑歇间品 fill and drawfinishing 精制,式,注排法精修,filler 精加工,最终加工填料消火栓fire hydrant 滤池,过滤 filterfilter aid first approximation 一助滤剂滤料,级近似 filter medium reaction first order 过滤介质一级反应filter paper 滤纸 33fish culture in stream flat floor 平底河道养鱼 flexible tube 软管floatation 漂浮,浮选 fishery 渔业,水产floating scum 浮渣业,渔场floating-cover digesterfittings 配件,零件fixation of nitrogen 浮盖式消化池絮凝物,絮粒,floc 氮固定,固氮絮体,绒粒(俗称矾matter fixed 固定物质,不挥发物质花)scraper fixed-bridgeflocculant 絮凝剂固定桥下刮泥器(用于 flocculation 絮凝(作辐射沉淀池)用)fixture flooded area 洪泛区,装置,工件夹具淹没地面flammability 可燃 flora 植物群性,易燃性 flotation 浮选,气浮flange 法兰,凸缘,流程图flow diagram突缘流量计flow meterflash mixer 流型flow pattern 快速混合器,闪急混合器流量,流速flow rateflask 烧瓶流程图 flow sheetflat bottom 烟道气, flue gas 烟气平底34flue gas foreign gas 杂质气体conservancy desulfurization system forest森林保护烟气脱硫系forest 统deteriorationfluidized bed 流化床森林破坏flume formaldehyde 甲醛水槽,斜槽flush ((岩)formation 地层强液体流)冲洗,清洗,冲水fossil fuel 矿物燃料,flushback 反冲洗化石燃料fly ash 燃烧的烟尘,fractionaldistillation飞灰分馏foam 泡沫;起泡沫,fractionation 分馏,发泡沫分级,分数化沫泡free foam recycle (available)(再)循环,泡沫回流 chlorine 游离(有效)由氯illness food-borne无偿劳动free labor 食物传染疾病forced draft (draught) free radical 游离基,cooling tower 强制通自由基风冷却塔 fresh water 淡水freshventilation water强forced养制通风,机械通风水淡 aquiculture 35殖 fuming nitric acid 发烟硝酸friability 易碎性,脆fungal component 共性生菌 friction 摩擦full scale 实物尺寸的,fungi(pl.)菌类(单数)菌,大规模的,工业规模fungus 的,全刻度的真菌沟槽furrow fume 烟,烟气Ggadget 小装置gasification 气化gage (gauge) 表,计,gel 凝胶,冻胶规尺基因genegene conversion galvanic cell 基因原电池转换镀锌galvanizationgamma ray detector gene duplication 基射线探测器γ因复制废 garbage ,垃圾 genesis 成因,起源料,污物,厨余,食品 genus 类,种类survey geologic 加工废物地质调查集气罩, gas collectorgeological examination 气体收集器地质调查,地质勘测 gaseous waste 废气 36geosphere 陆界,陆圈,weight 克当量岩石圈 Gram-positive 格兰阳性,革兰氏阳性细菌,病菌 germgrand germicidal 杀菌的 canyon 大峡谷杀菌剂 germicidegranular germination 发芽,生粒状的,颗粒的长,产生,晶核化,graph 标绘图,线图长晶核graphical 格symbol 图压盖(俗称gland “例,图解符号兰”),密封装置graphite 石墨glucose 葡萄糖grate 格栅 grab sample 临时样gravel 卵石,砾石品,单一样品gravimetric 颗粒 analysis grain grade of级配重量分析重量分析 grade of slope 坡度gravimetrygradient 坡度,梯度法重filtration gravity 颗粒大小,grain size粒度力过滤重 grain size grading 自流,粒gravity flow力流径分级重gram-equivalentseparator gravity37力沉降分离器 grinder 磨碎机grinding 磨碎gravitythickening 重grit 力增稠(污水中的)粗砂,杂粒,硬渣油脂grease contentgrit chamber 含量沉砂池,杂粒池trap grease 油分离gross 总的,阱,油脂捕集器粗的ground vegetation 地 green belt 绿化地带面植被 green-house effect 温gypsum 室效应石膏Hhabitat (动植物)生收获(物,量);收获,收割活境地,栖息地handling 处理,输送,haul 搬运,运程,运输量;用力拖(或拉),装卸operation handling 搬运,运输hauling charges 运费 ]作业[装卸操作运hauling handling equipment输设备处理特 characteristic有害的,性 hazardous收成,产量,harvest 危险的 38hazardous waste 危高速[高效]消化hi-volume sampler 险废物大体积取样器隔热 heat insulation 储罐,夹具,holder heat release 放热严重架座heavily polluted料污染的储holding tank罐,收集槽 herbicide 除草剂variation hereditaryhomeostasis 生物体遗传变异中的平衡相均均homogeneous 非heterogeneous匀的,多相的的,均匀的,单一的heterotrophic bacteria hood 通风橱平流horizontal flow 异养菌high (low) flush tank hose 软管,水龙带家refuse 高(低)冲洗水箱 household high 高压pump lift 庭垃圾泵腐殖酸humic acid湿(高负荷 high-rate 率增)humidification的,高速的(作用)high-rate composting humidity 湿度混合]高效[高速堆肥reactionhybriddigestion 反应high-rate39hybrid 杂化的,混合酸hydrology 的,桥接的水文学hydrophilic hydrant 消防龙头,亲水的,吸水的消火栓hydrophobic 恐 hydrate 水合物水的,疏水的水合(作 hydration hydrostatical pressure 用)circular 静水压力,流体静压hydraulic力水力循环澄 clarifierhydroxide 氢氧化物清池hydroxide ion 水hydraulic element 氢氧离子,羟离子力要素sloughing hydraulic hydroxyl ion 氢氧根离子,羟基离子水力脱膜stirring hygienic hydraulic 卫生的,卫device 水力搅拌设备生学的超滤hyperfiltrate hydraulic subsidingvalue hypochlorite 次氯酸水力沉降值hydrocarbon 盐烃,碳氢化合物hypochlorite of lime。
词汇:desulfurization 脱硫smelter 熔炉sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫sulfur trioxide 三氧化硫nitrogen oxide 氧化氮nitrous oxide 一氧化二氮nitric oxide 一氧化氮nitrogen dioxide 二氧化氮carbon dioxide 二氧化碳carbon monoxide 一氧化碳hydrogen fluoride 氟化氢hydrogen sulfide 硫化氢ammonia 氨particulates颗粒物arable 可耕的agrarian 土地的,农民的urbanization 城市化harmony 协调,一致aquatic life 水生生物discharge 排出,排出物precipitation沉淀物(降落) acidic 酸性的product changes 产品调整process changes 过程调整operating practices 操作训练recycling and reuse回收和再利用waste reduction 废物减量化waste minimization 废物最少化feedstock changes 原料调整treat 处理store 存储dispose of 处置toxicity 毒性reclamation (废料的)回收,改造centrifuge 离心分离机assessment 评价authenticity 可靠性detection limits 检出限state of matter 物质状态precision and accuracy 精确性particle surfaces 颗粒表面availability 有效性environmental effect 环境影响equipment modifications设备改造in-process recycling回收内在循环bioassay 生物鉴定,活体鉴定qualitative 定性的quantitative 定量的characterization 表征,性能描写toxicological 毒物学的,毒理学的trace levels 痕量,微量dose-response 用量(剂量)响应impact analysis 影响分析speciation 物种形成troposphere 对流层tropopause 对流程顶stratosphere 平流层stratopause 平流层顶mesosphere 中间层mesospause 中间层顶thermosphere 热层exosphere 逃逸层ionosphere 电离层nuclear power plants 核电站pesticides 杀虫剂combustion products 燃烧产物lead and radon 铅和氡biological pollutants 生物污染物off-gas 尾气biodegradation 生物降解bioremediation生物治理bioscrubber 生化洗涤剂ethanol 乙醇trickling filter 滴滤池fluorosis 氟中毒fluoride 氟phosphate 磷酸盐modification 修正water purification 水的纯化suspended悬浮的colloidal 胶体的dissolved 溶解的sanitary卫生的domestic sewage生活污水primary treatment 初级处理secondary treatment 二级处理activated sludge 活性污泥activated carbon 活性炭aeration tank 曝气池sedimentation tank 沉淀池disinfection 杀菌,消毒effluent 出水chlorination氯化discharge 排水eutrophication富营养化coagulation and sedimentation混凝沉淀adsorption吸附oxidizing agents/oxidizer 氧化剂reverse osmosis 反渗透ozone 臭氧ozonation臭氧氧化screening 格栅flocculation 絮凝turbidity浊度,浑浊性colloid 胶体plain sedimentation 普通沉淀法filtration 过滤aluminum sulfate 硫酸铝chlorine dioxide 二氧化氯ultraviolet light 紫外线halogen 卤素,如Br,I,F,Cllimestone 石灰石epidemic 流行,传染的algae alga的复数,海藻,藻类unsightly 难看的,丑的outfall 出口,排出runoff 排水,流放口organic 有机的,机体的inorganic 无机的,人造的microorganisms/ microbe微生物bacteria 细菌protozoa 原生动物pathogen 病菌,病原体tuberculosis 结核病,肺结核excreta 排泄物,粪便urine 尿acclimate 服水土,适应环境intestine 内部的,肠categorize 把…分类calcium and magnesium 钙和镁盐arsenic 砷cyanide 氰hepatitis 肝炎degrade 降解toxic substances有毒物质improved housekeeping/management 提高管理element/compound distinction 元素/化合物区别environmental disturbance 环境破坏(干扰) spatio-and temporal-distribution 时空分布volatile organic compounds 挥发性有机化合物municipal sewage treatment plants市政污水处理厂TOC(total organic carbon)总有机碳COD(chemical oxygen demand)化学需氧量BOD(biological oxygen demand)生化需氧量BOD5 前五天的耗氧量chlorides and sulphates氯化物和硫化物nitrogen and phosphorus氮和磷carbonates and bicarbonates碳酸盐和碳酸氢盐tertiary or “advanced” treatment 高级或深度处理suspended solids (SS) 悬浮物volatile suspended solids(VSS) 挥发性悬浮固体名词解释:1.Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us;that which we can see,hear,touch,smell,and taste.环境是围绕在我们周围物质生命的栖息地,在那里我们可以看到,听到,触到,闻到和品尝到。
环境工程英语词汇环境工程英语词汇汇总环境工程专业学生主要学习普通化学、工程力学、测量学、工程制图、环境微生物学、水力学、电工学、环境监测、环境工程学科的基本理论和基本知识,受到外语、计算机技术及绘图、污染物监测和分析、工程设计、管理及规划方面的基本训练,具有环境科学技术和给水排水工程领域的科学研究、工程设计和管理规划方面的.基本能力。
以下是关于环境工程专业的英语词汇汇总,希望大家喜欢。
Atmospheric composition大气组成Seismic monitoring地震监测Atmospheric particulates大气颗粒物Carbon dioxide二氧化碳Greenhouse gases温室气体Wind erosion风蚀Contaminated land污染的土地Land carrying capacity土地承载能力Land use classification土地使用分类Sedimentation沉淀, 沉降Chlorofluorocarbons氯氟碳Deposited particulate matter沉降的颗粒物Desertification沙漠化Microclimate effects微气候影响Solid Earth固态地球Afforestation植树造林Forest conservation森林保护Grass fires草地火灾Greenbelts绿化带Ecological balance生态平衡Temperate woodlands温带林地Ecological balance生态平衡Food chain食物链Parasites寄生生物National parks国家公园Reptiles爬行动物Cloning无性繁殖Municipal water distribution systems城市配水系统River pollution河流污染Resources management资源管理Air quality空气质量Atmospheric chemistry大气化学Air-water interaction空气-水相互作用Atmospheric circulation大气环流Atmospheric precipitation大气降水Carbon cycle碳循环Evaporation蒸发作用Precipitation enhancement降水增加Solar radiation太阳辐射Transpiration蒸腾作用Acid rain酸雨Air pollutants空气污染物Fly ash飞灰Haze薄烟Climatic issues气候问题Climatic change气候变化Climatic zones气候带Drought干旱, 缺乏Global warming全球变暖Humidity湿度Sea level rise海平面上升Agricultural lan农用土地Contaminated land污染的土地Gravel pits沙坑Heath lands荒地Land pollution土地污染Marginal lands边缘土地Water erosion水蚀Soil capabilities土壤潜力Soil contamination土壤污染Desertification(土壤)荒漠化,沙漠化Drought control抗旱Dry farming旱作Biotopes群落生境Tropical forests热带森林Endangered plant species濒危植物物种Temperate forests温带森林Tropical ecosystems热带生态系统Tropical forests热带森林Antarctic region南极地区Arctic ecosystems北极生态系统Arctic region北极地区Cold zone ecosystems寒带生态系统Grassland ecosystems草地生态系统Permafrost ecosystems永久冻土生态系统Polar ecosystems极地生态系统Temperate ecosystems温带生态系统Mountain ecosystems山地生态系统Highland ecosystems高原生态系统Watershed management流域管理Waterside development水边开发Amphibians两栖动物Animal behaviour动物习性Animal resources动物资源Arthropods节肢动物Biological diversity生物多样性。
APPENDIXSelected English Words and Expressions for Environmental SubjectAabacterial 无菌的abatement 减少,减小,取消,消除abnormal blooming of plankton 浮游生物异常繁殖absolute alcohol 无水酒精absolute temperature 绝对温度absorb 吸收absorbent 吸收剂;吸收性的absorption 吸收abundant precipitation 过量降水abysmal deposit 深海沉积物accelerator 加速澄清池,机械澄清池,加速器access 接近,(出)入口,使用或接近的方法、机会或门路,捷径accessory 附件,附属品accidental error 偶然误差acclimate 服水土,适应环境,适应气候acclimatization 驯化,(对环境条件的)适应accommodate 使适应,调节,接纳,容纳,供应,提供acetic acid 醋酸acetone 丙酮acetylene 乙炔acid fog 酸雾acidify 酸化(作用)acidity 酸度,酸性acid-proof material 耐酸材料acoustic construction 隔声构造acoustic fatigue 声致疲劳acquisition 获得,取得,采集acrid 辛辣的,腐蚀性的act 法规,法案,条例,行为,动作activated biofilter 活性生物滤池activated carbon 活性碳activated silica 活性硅土activated sludge 活性污泥activation 活化,激活active chlorine 活性氯activity 活性,活度,放射性,功率adaptable species 适应性强的物种adaptation 适应,匹配,采用,改编(本),修改,适应性,适应力additive 附加物,添加剂;加成的adherence 粘附adhesion 粘附力adiabatic cooling 绝热冷却adjustment 调节,调准,控制,安装admixture 掺合物,杂质adsorbate 被吸附物,吸附质adsorbent 吸附剂;吸附的adsorber 吸附器,吸附剂adsorption isotherm 吸附等温线advanced treatment 高级处理,深度处理aerated contact bed (submerged contact aerator) 曝气接触床(淹没式接触曝气池)aerated lagoon 曝气氧化渠aerated spiral-flow grit channel 曝气螺旋流沉砂槽aeration 曝气aeration blower 曝气鼓风机aerobic 好氧的,好气的,需氧的,有氧的aerobic biological treatment process 好氧生物处理法,需氧生物处理法aerobic decomposition 好氧分解,需氧分解aerosol 气溶胶aesthetically 从审美角度看affinity 亲和力,亲和势affluent 支流afforestation 造林(计划),绿化after burner 火舌燃烧炉,后燃烧装置,补燃器agar 琼脂agglomerate 使聚集,使成团aggressive pathogen 侵袭性病原体air compressor 空压机,压气机air conditioner 空调器air gauge 气压计air hammer 气压锤air header 空气干管air inflow 进气量air intake 进气孔air mass 气团air polluntant emission inventory 空气污染物排放清单air pollution surveillance 空气污染监视air release valve 放气阀,释压阀air relief installation 排气设备air sparger 曝气器air stripping 气提airborne 空气中的,空降的,空运的airborne pathongenic organism 空气致病生物体air-lift pump 空气升水泵,气提泵airview 鸟瞰,鸟瞰图alcohol 乙醇,酒精aldehyde 醛algae 藻类algal bloom 水藻繁盛alignment 成直线,调准,准线,直线性,结盟,联合alkali consumption 碱消耗(量)alkali earth 碱土alkaline 碱性的alkalinity 碱度alkalization 碱化alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS) 烷基苯磺酸盐alluvial deposit 冲积物,冲积层alum 矾,明矾aluminate 铝酸盐aluminum sulfate 硫酸铝ambient air quality standard 环境空气质量标准ambient noise 环境噪声amine 胺amino acid 氨基酸ammonia nitrogen 氨氮ammonia stripping 氨的气提,气提法除氨ammonification 氨化作用,加氨ammonium 铵amphoteric ion exchange resin 两性离子交换树脂anabolism 合成代谢,组成代谢anaerobic 厌氧的,厌气的,无溶解氧的anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process厌氧-缺氧-好氧法analysis of variance 方差分析analytical balance 分析天平anemometer 风力计,风速计anemoscope 风向仪anhydrous 无水的animal community 动物群落anion 阴离子,负离子anionic surface active agent 阴离子表面活性剂annual depreciation 年折旧annual precipitation 年降水量anode 阳极,正极anodize 阳极氧化,阳极处理anoxic 缺氧的antagonism 对抗(作用),拮抗(作用)antibiotics 抗菌素,抗生素antifreezing agent 防冻剂aperture 孔径,隙缝,小孔apparatus 仪器,装置apparent activation energy 表观活化能appreciable 明显的,相当可观的appurtenance (常用pl. ) 附属物,设备,配件,附属建筑,附属装置aquatic 水的,水生的,水上的aquatic habitat 水生环境aquatic community 水生群落aquatic life 水生生物aqueduct 水道,渠,导水管aqueous 水的aqueous ammonia 氨水aqueous solution 水溶液aquifer 蓄水层,(地下)含水层,含水地层arbitrary 独裁的,专制的,专横的,任意的,随机的,独立的aromatic 芳香的,芳烃的;芳香剂arsenic 砷artery 动脉,运输线artifical wetland (constructed wetland )人工湿地(系统)artificial fibres 人造纤维asbestos 石棉ascending velocity 上升速度ash content 灰分ash conveyer 灰渣输送带ash handling equipment 除尘设备asphyxiate 使(人)窒息、闷死aspiration 吸气,吸入,吸出,愿望,渴望,志向aspiration ventilation 排气通风(法)assay 分析,化验assembly 装配,组合;机组assimilate 同化,吸收assimilative respiration 同化呼吸associated mineral 伴生矿物atmospheric dispersion 大气弥散,大气分散atmospheric emission 大气排放物atomic absorption spectrophotometry 原子吸收分光光度测定法atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry 原子荧光光谱atomization 喷雾,喷雾法,雾化attenuation 衰减,减弱,减轻,减少,减小attraction 引力,吸引attrition 磨损,损耗autoclave 高压锅,高压釜automatic flushback 自动反冲洗automatic valveless gravity filter 自动无阀重力流滤池,无阀滤池automobile exhaust 汽车尾气,汽车废气autotroph(e) 自养生物,自营性生物autotrophic 自养的,自我营养的,无机营养的available chlorine 有效氯available head 可用水头average yearly loading capacity 年平均负荷容量axial flow 轴流azo dye 偶氮染料azotification 固氮(作用)Bbackfill 回填backflow 回流background noise 背景噪声,本底噪声background survey 本底调查back-pressure valve (check valve) 单向阀backwash cycle 反冲周期bacteria coli 大肠杆菌bacterial colony 细菌菌落bacterial population 细菌种群bactericide 杀菌剂bacteriological examination 细菌检验bacteriologically 按细菌学的观点baffle 挡板baffle board 挡板,隔音板baffled reaction chamber 隔板式反应室bag filter 袋滤器,袋式过滤器baghouse 布袋,滤袋室,滤袋装置baghouse precipitator 布袋除尘器ball mill 球磨机band dryer (污泥)带式干化机band screen (belt screen) 带式格网,带条滤网bar screen 格栅barometer 气压计barrel 桶,桶状物basicity 碱度,盐基度batch 分批的,间歇(式)的batch centrifuge 间歇式离心机batch distillation 分批蒸馏batchwise operation 分批式操作be laden with 充满,携带,含有beaker 烧杯bearing capacity 承重能力belt filter press (污泥)带式脱水机bench 工作台,实验桌,板凳bench-scale 小型的,实验室(规模)的bench scale test 小型试验,实验室试验,模型试验beneficiation 废物回收加工benzene 苯bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐,重碳酸盐bind 粘合,束缚,堵塞bioassay 生物鉴定,活体鉴定biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 生化需氧量biocoenosis 生物群落biodegradable 可生物降解的biodegradation 生物降解(作用)bio-disc 生物转盘biofilter 生物滤池biogeophysical 生物地球物理的biological filter loading 生物滤池负荷(率)biological phosphate removal 生物除磷酸盐biology 生物学biolysis 生物分解(作用)biomass 生物体群,生物量bioremediation 生物修复bioscrubber 生物洗涤器,生物涤气器biosorption 生物吸附,生物吸收biosphere 生物圈biota 生物群biotic community 生物群集,生物群落biotope 群落生境,环境条件均匀的地方black liquor 黑液(一般指纸浆厂废液)blank assay 空白试验,空白检定blast 鼓风bleaching liquid 漂白液blind ditch 暗沟block diagram 方块图bloom 大量增殖,旺发boiling point depression 沸点降低bomb calorimeter (炸)弹式量热器booster pump 增压泵botanic 植物的boundary layer 边界层branch 支线,支管,分支管brand 标记,牌子breakthrough 穿透,贯穿,泄漏brewery 啤酒厂brine 海水,盐水broth culture 肉汤培养,肉汤培养物bubble aeration 气泡曝气bubbling tower 起泡塔Buchner funnel 布氏漏斗bucker excavator 斗式挖掘机bucket dredger 斗式挖泥船buffer 缓冲液,缓冲剂buffer capacity 缓冲能力,缓冲容量building drain 建筑物内污水总管,建筑排水管building sewer (house sewer) 建筑物外污水总管bulking of activated sludge 活性污泥的膨胀buoyancy force 浮力burette 滴定管bypass 旁通管,超越管,旁路Ccabinet 箱,柜,橱cage rotor 笼式转子cake conveyer 滤饼输送带cake of filter-press 滤块,污泥压滤饼calcination 煅烧,焙烧calcium lime (calcium oxide, CaO) 石灰,生石灰calcium sulphate 石膏,硫酸钙calibration 校准,标定,定标calorie 卡(路里)calorific value 热值capillarity 毛细管作用,毛细现象capillary 毛细管;毛细的,毛细管的capillary suction time 毛细空吸时间(测定污泥过滤性)capital cost 基本(建设)投资,投资费,资本值capital repair 大修(理)carbonaceous compound 含碳化合物carburetor 汽化器carcinogen 致癌物,致癌因素cardiovascular disease 心血管疾病carrier 带菌者,载体cascade 级联catabolism 分解代谢catalysis 催化(作用)catalyst 催化剂cataphoresis 电泳catchment 集水区域cathode protection 阴极保护cation 阳离子,正离子cation-exchange softener 阳离子交换软水器cationic surface active agent (cationic surfactant) 阳离子表面活性剂caustic (quick) lime 生石灰,石灰caustic 腐蚀性的,苛性的;苛性药,氢氧化物caveat (防止误解的)说明cavitation 空蚀作用,气蚀作用,空穴作用cavity 空腔cell 小室,细胞,电池,盒cell mass 细胞块cellular protoplasm 细胞原生质cellular 细胞的,多孔的,蜂窝状的cementation 胶结(作用)centigrade thermometer 摄氏温度计centrifugal 离心的cesspool 污水池channel improvement 河道整治characteristic curve of pump 泵的特性曲线characterization 表征,性能描写charcoal 木炭charge 电荷;充(水、气、电等)chart 图表check 核对,阻止,制动装置,支票,联单checklist (核对用的)清单chelating reagent 螯合剂,chemical 化学的;化学品,化学制品chemical engineering unit operation 化工单元操作chemical nomenclature 化学命名法chemical oxygen demand (COD) 化学需氧量chemical resistance 耐化学性,化学抗性chemical stoichiometry 化学计量学chloride 氯化物chloride ion 氯根离子chlorinate (使)氯化,用氯消毒,用氯处理chlorinated lime 漂白粉chlorine feed unit 投氯设备,加氯单元chloroform 氯仿chlorophyll 叶绿素cholera 霍乱chromatography 色层(分离)法chronic pollution 慢性污染,长期污染chronic toxicity test 慢性毒性试验cinder 煤渣,焦渣circulator clarifier 水力(循环)澄清池cistern 蓄水池,贮水器cite 引用,引证clamp 夹子clarificant 澄清剂clarification 澄清,净化classifier (结合沉砂池的)洗砂机,分级机clay 粘土cleaner production 清洁生产climate modification 人工影响气候climatic anomaly 气候异常clinker (煤燃烧后留下的)渣滓,熔渣,熔块closet 盥洗室cloudiness 混浊性,浊度coagulant 混凝剂,凝聚剂coagulant aids 助凝剂coagulation 混凝,凝聚coalesce 凝结,凝聚,合并cocurrent extraction 并流萃取code of practice 工作规程,业务法规cold wave 寒潮coli test 大肠菌试验coliform 大肠的,大肠菌的coliform bacteria 大肠菌,大肠杆菌collecting trough 集水槽collection of classificated refuse 垃圾分类收集collection works 取水构筑物collector 集尘器,浮选促集剂,集电器,集水槽colloid 胶体colloidal 胶态的colony 菌落,群体color cast 色调color index 色度color-developing agent 显色剂colorimeter 比色计colorimetric analysis 比色分析colorimetry 比色法colour (color) 色,色度column plate 塔板combined available residual chlorine 化合性有效剩余氯combined sewage 合流污水,混合污水combined sewage system 合流下水道系统combustion 燃烧commercial formulation 生产配方commercial scale 工业规模commercial waste 商业废物,商业废水commercial 商业的,工业(用)的,大批生产的commercially 大批地commingle 混合,搀和comminute 使细碎,粉碎comminutor 磨碎机,粉碎机common grate 普通格栅communicable disease 传染病community 团体,界,全体居民,地区,社区,居民区,城镇,共同性,共有性,生物种群,群落community pollution 居民区污染,城市污染compaction 压实,压缩,致密化compactor truck 垃圾打包卡车compartment 间,室compensation 补偿,抵消,赔偿,平衡,调整completely miscible 完全混溶的complex 络合物complex ion 络离子component 组分,成分,分力,部件composite sample 混合样品,复合样品composite wastewater sample 混合废水样品composition 组成,成分,结构compost 把……做成堆肥,施堆肥于;堆肥compound fertilizer 复合肥料comprehensive utilization 综合利用compressed air 压缩空气concentrator 浓缩器concerted reaction 协同反应concrete 混凝土condensation 冷凝,凝结,缩合(作用),缩聚(作用)condensation polymerization 缩聚condensation reaction 缩合反应conditioning 调理(使污泥便于脱水)conductivity 传导性,传导率confined water 禁闭水confluence 汇流处,合流congeal 冻结,凝固conical type clarifier 圆锥形澄清池conjunction 联结,结合,连结connate water 原生水conservation 保护,守恒,保持conservation of energy 能量守恒consistence 稠性,相容性,一致性console 控制台consolidation tank (污泥)浓缩池constant rate pump 计量泵constant-head tank 恒水头水池constant-rate period 恒速阶段contact biological filter 接触生物滤池contact oxidation method 接触氧化法container 集装箱continental climate 大陆性气候continental drift 大陆漂移continuum 连续区,连续体contour line 等高线,等值线contour of water table 等水位线contracted weir 收缩堰contraction 收缩,收缩率convalescent 恢复期的convection 对流converging-diverging duct section 收缩-扩大管截面conveyer (conveyor) 传送机conveyor-type scraper 环链板刮泥器coordinate 坐标(系);坐标的coordination 配位correction 校正,改正,纠正correlation 相关(性)corridor 走廊,流槽corrosion inhibitor 缓蚀剂cost 费用,成本cost benefit evaluation 费用-收益评价,成本-效益评价counter current (counterflow)逆流counter force 反作用力counterweight 平衡重,对重covalent bond 共价键covered sludge drying bed 有盖的污泥干化床crack 裂缝cracker 破碎机cradle 支架,机架criterion (criteria) 准则,标准critical 临界的,极限的critical compressive force 临界压力critical point 临界点cross conveyor 横向传送刮板cross current 错流,正交流cross cut test 正交试验cross section 断面,剖面,截面crucible 坩锅crush 破碎crusher 破碎机,砸碎机crystallization 结晶culprit 罪魁祸首, 肇事原因culture 培养基,培养微生物的成长culture medium 培养基,培养物curing 固化,硫化,熟化,处理current repair 小修(理)curve 曲线cycle 循环,周期cyclone 旋流,旋风,气旋器,旋风分离器,旋风除尘器cyclone dust collector 旋风集尘器cyclone scrubber 旋风涤气器cyclone separator 旋风分离器cylinder 钢瓶,(氧)气瓶,圆筒体cytoplasm 细胞质Ddaily flow 日流量,逐日流量dairy waste 牛奶场废水[废物] damped balance 阻尼天平deactivation 钝化作用deaeration unit 脱气装置deafening effect 隔声效果debris 有机残渣,腐质,残骸decantation 倾析,倾泻上层液decay 腐烂,衰变dechlorination 脱氯decibel 分贝decking 盖板,铺面,支撑板declining growth phase 生长衰落期decolorize 漂白de-emulsification 解乳化,破乳化defacing 磨损,损伤外观defecation 澄清deficiency 缺乏deficit 亏空,赤字defoam 去沫,去泡沫defoaming agent 消泡剂,去泡剂deforestation 滥伐,砍伐森林degasification 脱气作用deglaciation 冰消(作用)degradation 降解(作用)dehydration 脱水(作用),去水deionized water 去离子水,无离子水deliquescence 潮解demister 除雾器denitrification 反硝化,脱氮,脱硝(作用)denitrifying bacteria 反硝化细菌densely inhabited district 人口密集区deodorization 除臭作用deoxygenation 脱氧,脱除溶解氧,消氧dephenolizing 除酚,脱酚deposit 沉淀物,沉积物deposition 沉积(作用),沉积物depreciation 折旧depressant 抑制剂depression 减压,降低,抑制,洼地desalination 海水淡化,脱盐(作用)desiccant 干燥剂desiccating agent 干燥剂desulfurization from exhaust 从尾气脱硫detection limit 检出极限detention time 停留时间,逗留时间,滞留时间detergent 洗涤剂,去垢剂detritus 杂粒dialysis 渗析,膜析(渗透离析法)diaphragm 膜片,隔膜differential gauge 压差计diffused aeration 扩散式曝气(法)digester 消化池,煮解器digestion 消化dilute solution 稀溶液dilution 冲淡,稀释dimensionless 无因次的,无量纲的dioxin 二噁英direct-flow demineralization 自流式脱矿质discharge 流出,排出量,排放,放电discharge area 过水面积discharge capacity 流量,排水量,排放量discharge permit 排污许可(证)discharge rate 流量率,排水率,排放率,排放速率discipline 学科,科目discrete settling 离散沉降,单粒沉降dish aerator 浅盘式曝气器disinfectant 消毒剂disinfection 消毒(作用),灭菌(作用)disintegrator 破碎机,碎裂机dismantle 拆开,拆散dismutation 歧化(作用)dispersate 分散质dispersed-air flotation 弥散空气浮选dispersion 分散(作用),弥散(作用)displacement 置换,位移disposal (废弃物)处理,处置disposal of refuse in land fills 垃圾填埋处置dissociation 离解dissolution 溶解dissolve 溶解dissolved oxygen sag curve 溶解氧下垂曲线,氧垂曲线distillation 蒸馏(作用)distributing trough 配水槽,布水槽diurnal variation 昼夜变化,(周)日变DO (dissolved oxygen) 溶解氧dome aerator 圆罩式曝气器domestic demand 生活用水量,居民用水量domestic fecal sewage (家庭)粪便污水domestic refuse 家庭垃圾domestic sewage 生活污水domestic waste 家庭废水,生活废水,家庭垃圾downcomer 下水管,落水管downstream 顺流的,在下游的;顺流地,在下游地draft 草图,通风,汲出,汲水,引通draft fan 引风机draft tube 引通管,引水管drag (流体对悬浮颗粒的)摩阻,曳力drain pit (drain sump) 排水坑drain tile 瓦管drainage 排水,排水设备,排出的水draw 汲,吸,拉,拖dredge 挖掘,清淤dress water 选矿水drought 干旱,旱灾dry weather flow (合流沟管)晴天流量,干季(七天以上无雨)流量dryer 干燥器drying oven 烘箱dual water supply 分质供水durability 耐久性duration 期间,历时duration day 日照长度dust 尘dust cloud 尘云dust fog 尘雾dwelling 住宅,住所dye 染料dyestuff 染料Eeasement 附属建筑物ecological perspective 生态学观点ecological crisis 生态危机ecology 生态学effervescence 起泡,液沸(现象)effervescing 泡腾,起泡,鼓泡(作用)efficient rotation (农作物)有效轮作effluent 出水,出流,排出物ejection 喷射ejector 喷射器,射流器,喷射泵electric precipitation 电除尘electrode potential 电极电位electrodialysis 电渗析electrogalvanizing 电镀锌electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质,电解液electrolytic dissociation (ionization) 电离electromagnetic flowmeter 电磁流量计electromotive forces 电动势electrophoresis 电泳electroplating 电镀electrostatic precipitator 静电除尘器element 要素,元素,单元,单体,元件,部件,组成部分,(pl.)(基本)原理,基础elevated 高架的elevated reservoir 高地水库elevated tank 高位水箱elevation 高度,高程,海拔elevator 提升器,升降机elimination 去除,消除,消去elutriation 淘洗embrittlement 脆化emergency basin 备用池emergency bypass 事故旁路emergency outlet 事故出水口emergency water supply 应急给水,事故给水emission 散发,排放,排放物emission standard 排放标准empirical equation 经验方程emulsification 乳化emulsify 乳化emulsion 乳浊液enclosure 围档物,围墙endogenous phase 内生相(发生于体内的)endogenous respiration (细胞新陈代谢的)内源呼吸endothermic 吸热的engender 产生,造成,引起enmeshment 网捕,使陷入网中enrichment 富集entrap 收集,捕集,诱捕,截留entropy 熵environmental disruption 环境破坏environmental disturbance 环境破坏environmental impact 环境影响environmental monitoring 环境监测enzyme 酶equalization 均衡equipment availability 设备完好率erecting diagram 安装图erosion 侵蚀,冲刷,冲蚀eruption 喷发ester 酯estuary (沿海的)河口etch 蚀刻,侵蚀,蚀刻剂ethane 乙烷ethanol 乙醇,酒精etherification 醚化(作用)ethylene 乙烯eutrophication 富营养化evacuate 抽真空,抽出,排出(气)evaluation 评价evaporation 蒸发evergreen shrub 常绿灌木evolution 进化,演化,发育enclosure 围挡物exclude 排除excrement 排泄物,粪便exhaust 抽空,排尽,废气,排出的气;排出的,废的exhaust duct 排气导管exhaust fan 排风扇exhaust gas 尾气,废气,排气exhausted liquid 废液exogenous 外生的(有机体外的),外源性的exothermic 放热的expenditure of energy 能量消耗exploitation 开发,开采,利用,运行,操作,剥削exposure 暴露,曝露,接触,照射exposure dose 接触剂量exposure to pollutant 曝露于污染物中,接触污染物extended aeration 延时曝气(法)extraction 萃取,提取Ffabric filter 布袋过滤器facility 设施facultative 兼性的facultative aerobe 兼性好氧菌,兼性需氧菌facultative anaerobe 兼性厌气菌,兼性厌氧菌fallout measurement 散落物测定fall overturn 秋季翻转fat and oil 脂和油(油脂)fat trap 聚油脂阱fault 故障fauna 动物群feed 进料feeding installation 供水装置,投加装置fell trees 砍树,伐木felling operation 伐木工作fen 沼泽fermentation 发酵fertilizing value of sludge 污泥的肥料价值field 田地,现场,……场field observation 野外观察field survey 现场调查filament 纤丝,丝状体filamentous organisms 含丝状体的生物体fill 填满,填筑fill and draw 间歇式,注排法filler 填料filter 滤池,过滤filter aid 助滤剂filter medium 滤料,过滤介质filter paper 滤纸filter press 压滤机filter run 过滤周期,滤池运行周期filter screen 滤网filtrate 滤液(从污泥脱水滤出的)filtration 过滤final clarifier 最后澄清池,终沉池fine gravel 细卵石fine screen 细筛finish 光洁度,涂层,面层finished product 成品finishing 精修,精制,精加工,最终加工fire hydrant 消火栓first approximation 一级近似first order reaction 一级反应fish culture in stream 河道养鱼fishery 渔业,水产业,渔场fittings 配件,零件fixation of nitrogen 氮固定,固氮fixed matter 固定物质,不挥发物质fixed-bridge scraper 固定桥下刮泥器(用于辐射沉淀池)fixture 装置,工件夹具flammability 可燃性,易燃性flange 法兰,凸缘,突缘flash mixer 快速混合器,闪急混合器flask 烧瓶flat bottom 平底flat floor 平底flexible tube 软管floatation 漂浮,浮选floating scum 浮渣floating-cover digester 浮盖式消化池floc 絮凝物,絮粒,絮体,绒粒(俗称矾花)flocculant 絮凝剂flocculation 絮凝(作用)flooded area 洪泛区,淹没地面flora 植物群flotation 浮选,气浮flow diagram 流程图flow meter 流量计flow pattern 流型flow rate 流量,流速flow sheet 流程图flue gas 烟道气,烟气flue gas desulfurization system 烟气脱硫系统fluidized bed 流化床flume 水槽,斜槽flush (强液体流)冲洗,清洗,冲水flushback 反冲洗fly ash 燃烧的烟尘,飞灰foam 泡沫;起泡沫,发泡沫foam recycle 泡沫(再)循环,泡沫回流food-borne illness 由食物传染疾病forced draft (draught) cooling tower 强制通风冷却塔forced ventilation 强制通风,机械通风foreign gas 杂质气体forest conservancy 森林保护forest deterioration 森林破坏formaldehyde 甲醛formation 地(岩)层fossil fuel 矿物燃料,化石燃料fractional distillation 分馏fractionation 分馏,分级,分数化free (available) chlorine 游离(有效)氯free labor 无偿劳动free radical 游离基,自由基fresh water 淡水fresh water aquiculture 淡水养殖friability 易碎性,脆性friction 摩擦full scale 实物尺寸的,大规模的,工业规模的,全刻度的fume 烟,烟气fuming nitric acid 发烟硝酸fungal component 共生菌fungi(pl.)菌类fungus (单数)菌,真菌furrow 沟槽Ggadget 小装置gage (gauge) 表,计,规尺galvanic cell 原电池galvanization 镀锌gamma ray detector γ射线探测器garbage 垃圾,废料,污物,厨余,食品加工废物gas collector 集气罩,气体收集器gaseous waste 废气gasification 气化gel 凝胶,冻胶gene 基因gene conversion 基因转换gene duplication 基因复制genesis 成因,起源genus 类,种类geologic survey 地质调查geological examination 地质调查,地质勘测geosphere 陆界,陆圈,岩石圈germ 细菌,病菌germicidal 杀菌的germicide 杀菌剂germination 发芽,生长,产生,晶核化,长晶核gland 压盖(俗称“格兰”),密封装置glucose 葡萄糖grab sample 临时样品,单一样品grade of grain 颗粒级配grade of slope 坡度gradient 坡度,梯度grain size 颗粒大小,粒度grain size grading 粒径分级gram-equivalent weight 克当量Gram-positive 格兰阳性,革兰氏阳性grand canyon 大峡谷granular 粒状的,颗粒的graph 标绘图,线图graphical symbol 图例,图解符号graphite 石墨grate 格栅gravel 卵石,砾石gravimetric analysis 重量分析gravimetry 重量分析法gravity filtration 重力过滤gravity flow 自流,重力流gravity separator 重力沉降分离器gravity thickening 重力增稠grease content 油脂含量grease trap 油分离阱,油脂捕集器green belt 绿化地带green-house effect 温室效应grinder 磨碎机grinding 磨碎grit (污水中的)粗砂,杂粒,硬渣grit chamber 沉砂池,杂粒池gross 总的,粗的ground vegetation 地面植被gypsum 石膏Hhabitat (动植物)生活境地,栖息地handling 处理,输送,装卸handling operation 装卸操作[作业] handling characteristic 处理特性harvest 收成,产量,收获(物,量);收获,收割haul 搬运,运程,运输量;用力拖(或拉),搬运,运输hauling charges 运费hauling equipment 运输设备hazardous 有害的,危险的hazardous waste 危险废物heat insulation 隔热heat release 放热heavily polluted 严重污染的herbicide 除草剂hereditary variation 遗传变异heterogeneous 非均匀的,多相的heterotrophic bacteria 异养菌high (low) flush tank 高(低)冲洗水箱high lift pump 高压泵high-rate 高负荷(率)的,高速的high-rate composting 高速[高效]堆肥high-rate digestion 高速[高效]消化hi-volume sampler 大体积取样器holder 储罐,夹具,架座holding tank 储料罐,收集槽homeostasis 生物体中的平衡homogeneous 均相的,均匀的,单一的hood 通风橱horizontal flow 平流hose 软管,水龙带household refuse 家庭垃圾humic acid 腐殖酸humidification 增湿(作用)humidity 湿度hybrid reaction 混合反应hybrid 杂化的,混合的,桥接的hydrant 消防龙头,消火栓hydrate 水合物hydration 水合(作用)hydraulic circular clarifier 水力循环澄清池hydraulic element 水力要素hydraulic sloughing 水力脱膜hydraulic stirring device 水力搅拌设备hydraulic subsiding value 水力沉降值hydrocarbon 烃,碳氢化合物hydrochloric acid 盐酸hydrology 水文学hydrophilic 亲水的,吸水的hydrophobic 恐水的,疏水的hydrostatical pressure 静水压力,流体静压力hydroxide 氢氧化物hydroxide ion 氢氧离子,羟离子hydroxyl ion 氢氧根离子,羟基离子hygienic 卫生的,卫生学的hyperfiltrate 超滤hypochlorite 次氯酸盐hypochlorite of lime 次氯酸钙,漂白粉Iimmersion 浸没,浸水immiscibility 不混溶性immobilized enzyme 固相酶,固定化酶impact allowance 冲击容许量impeller 叶轮impervious strata 不透水层impingement 碰撞,冲击,打击impingement plate tower 冲击式板式塔impinger 碰撞取样器,空气采集器impoundage 集水区impounding reservoir 蓄水池impulse 冲击,冲动,冲量,脉冲in block form 巨块状,成大块in bulk 散装,桶装in lumps 块团状incineration 焚化incinerator 焚化炉inclined tube settler 斜管沉淀器incremental loading (stepped feeding) 分段投加污水incrustation 结壳,外壳,表面装饰incubate (细菌)培养incubator 恒温箱,培养箱index 指数,索引,指标indicator organisms 指示性生物体,指示生物induced draft mechanical cooling tower 抽风式机械通风冷却塔industrial nuisance 工业公害inert filler 惰性填料inertia 惯性,惯量infection 传染infest 侵扰infiltration 渗透,渗入inflammability 可燃性,易燃性inflammable 可燃的,易燃的inflow 入流,流入物,流入(量),进水,进气influent 进水,入流infrared absorption spectrum 红外吸收光谱infrared gas analyzer 红外线气体分析仪ingest 摄入,摄取ingredient 成分,组成部分,配料,要素ingress 进口,进入ingress of groundwater 地下水侵入inherent moisture 固有水分inheritance 遗传inhibitor 抑制剂initial concentration 起始浓度initial interface velocity (rate of hindered settling) 悬浮物初始沉降速度initiation 引发,启动,开始injection 注射,喷射injector 注射器,喷射器inland water 内陆水体inlet 进水口,进口,雨水口inlet chamber 进口室,入流井inoculant 变质剂,孕育剂inoculate 给……接种,移植,嫁接inodourous 无臭气的,无气味的insecticide 杀虫剂installation 装置,设备instantaneous flow rate 瞬时流量instruction manual 使用手册instrument 仪器intact 完整的intake 取水口intake of water works 水厂取水口integrated control 综合防治integrated oxidation ditch 一体化氧化沟integrated plant protection 综合植物保护intercepting chamber 截流井interception 截流interceptor 截流管,截水沟interdisciplinary 各学科之间的,跨学科的interfacial active agent 界面活性剂interfacial tension 界面张力intermediate water supply 中水道interpolation 内插法interstice 空隙,孔interstitial 间隙的,空隙的,隙间的intestine 内部的,国内的;(pl.)肠intraparticle 粒子内的intrinsic energy 内能,本征能inundation 淹没,泛滥,水灾,洪水inventory 清单,目录,报表inversion layer 逆温层invert 管内底inverted-siphon 倒虹管iodide 碘化物iodine 碘iodometric titration method 碘量滴定法ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂ion migration 离子迁移,离子移动ion product 离子积ion-exchange membrane 离子交换膜ionization 电离(作用),离子化(作用)irrigation farming 灌溉农业isoelectric point 等电点isomer (同分)异构体isomerism 同分异构现象isotherm 等温线isotope 同位素Jjar 罐,瓶,(刺耳的)噪声jar test 搅拌试验,混凝试验,瓶式检验jelly 胶冻jet 喷射,射流jet aeration 射流曝气jet ejector 射流泵jetting machine 高压水清洗机junk 废料,废物;丢弃,丢掉jury pump 备用泵juxtaposition 并列,并置Kkeep clear of 避开,不接触Kjeldahl nitrogen 总有机氮kraft mill wastewater 制浆废水Llabeled compound 标记化合物lag growth 滞后生长lagoon 氧化塘,污水塘laminar flow 层流land disposal 地面排放,地面处置land irrigation (污水)地面灌溉land subsidence 地面沉降land treatment 地面(灌溉)处理landfill 土地掩埋,填埋landscape and recreation waterbody 景观和娱乐水体LAS 线性烷基苯磺酸盐(软性洗涤剂)latent heat 潜热lateral sewer 旁支沟管laundry waste 洗衣房废水lavatory 盥洗室lawsuit 诉讼leach 浸出,浸析;滤灰槽,沥滤器leachate (垃圾堆)渗滤液,沥滤液,浸出液leaching 浸取,浸提,渗洗leaching cesspool 渗污井,污水坑leather waste 皮革废水lethal dose 致死剂量level-sensing device 水位显示装置life 寿命,生命,生活life expectancy 预期寿命,预计期限lift head 扬程light catalyzed chlorine oxidation 光催化氯氧化liquefaction 液化liquefied gas 液化气liquefy 液化liquor 液litter 乱丢的废物,垃圾local exhaust ventilation 局部排气通风logger 记录器log-growth phase 对数生长期longevity 长寿,耐久性,存活力longitudinal 纵向的,经度的loop seal 环形管水封,回路水封loss on ignition 烧灼减重low flow year 枯水年low lift pump 低压泵magnetic stirring 磁力搅拌magnitude of traffic flow 交通流量main drain 总排水管maintenance 维护make-up water 补给水malnutrition 营养不良malodorous 恶臭的manhole 检查井,窨井,人孔manipulation (手工)操作manometer (流体)压力计,(流体)压差计manure 肥料,粪肥marine deposits 海底沉积物marsh 沼泽,湿地marsh gas 沼气mass 大块,质量mass action law 质量作用定律mass balance 物料衡算mass growth 群体生长mass spectrograph 质谱仪mass transfer 质量转移,传质material balance 物料平衡,物料衡算matrix 模型,杂矿石,矩阵,基体maturation 成熟mean 中间,平均值,中项;中间的,平均的,下等的mean particle diameter 平均粒径measured day work 计时日工(计量的一日工作量)measurement 测定,量度measuring flask 容量瓶meat processing waste water 肉类加工废水meat-packing waste 肉类包装废水mechanism 机构,机构学,机理,机制membrane separation 膜分离mesh 网眼mesophilic 中温的,嗜温的metabolic respiration 新陈代谢的呼吸metabolism 新陈代谢metal processing and finishing 金属加工及修饰metatrophic 间营养的,介营养的(介于营养与非营养之间)methane 甲烷,沼气method of images 源象法micellae (micelle) 胶束microfiltration 微(孔过)滤microscope 显微镜micro-strainer 微滤机milling 研磨mineral acid 无机酸mineral matter 矿物质mineralization 矿化作用,(有机物的)无机化(作用)mining waste 采矿废水miscellaneous (混)杂的,杂项的,各种各样的,多方面的;其他mist 轻雾mixing impeller 搅拌叶轮model 模式,模型model test 模型试验,小规模试验modification 改变,改进modified 改变的,改良的,修改的modified starch 改性淀粉molecular sieve 分子筛moor 荒野,沼morbidity发病率,每十万人的病例数morphology 形态学mortality 致命性moss 沼泽MPN (most probable number) 最概然数,最可能的数(目)mud 污泥,泥浆muffler 消声器,减声器multimedia 多种介质的,多种手段的,多种方式的multipurpose use of waste 废物综合利用municipal 城市的,市政的municipal refuse 城市垃圾municipal sewage 城市污水mutagenesis 致突变作用mutagenic 诱变的,致突变的mutation 突变nascent oxygen 初生氧,新生氧natural circulation 自然环流natural conservation 自然保护neck 颈,颈部niche 小生境,适当的位置,适当的场所nightsoil 人粪尿,粪便nitrate nitrogen 硝酸盐氮nitric acid 硝酸nitrification (氮的) 硝化(作用)nitrifying bacteria 硝化菌nitrite nitrogen 亚硝酸盐氮Nitrobacter 硝化杆菌nitrogeneous compound 含氮化合物Nitrosomonas 亚硝化毛杆菌(使氨氧化为亚硝酸盐)noise elimination 噪声消除noise level 噪声级noise silencer 噪声抑制器nomogram 列线图,诺模图non-ferrous metals 非铁金属, 有色金属normal solution 当量溶液noxious 有害的nuisance 讨厌物,公害nuisanceless technology 无公害工艺nutrient 营养物,养料Oobjectionable 讨厌的,不适合的,不能采用的,不好的,有害的objectionable impurity 有害杂质obligate aerobes 专性需氧菌,专性好氧菌obnoxious 讨厌的occupational disease 职业病ocean disposal 向海洋排放ocean dumping 向海洋投弃,向海洋倾倒odor (odour) 臭味,气味(指香味和臭味)odor and taste 臭味和水味odorant (odorous substance) 恶臭物质of interest 值得注意的,有关的,重要的offensive industry 有毒工业,有害工业offscum 脱浮渣oil separate tank 隔油池oil separator 分油器,油水分离器,隔油池oil-and-water trap 油水收集器,油水阱olfaction 嗅觉olfactory sense 嗅觉oligotrophic 贫营养的on-site treatment systems 就地处理系统open channel flow 明渠流open ditch 明渠operating rules 操作规程operation manual (产品)使用说明书operational research 运筹学opposing reaction 对抗反应,对峙反应order of magnitude 数量级order of reaction 反应级数ordinance 法令,条例ordinary pressure 常压organic carbon(OC) 有机碳organic polyelectrolyte 有机高分子电解质organic polymer 有机聚合物organism 有机体,生物体organometallic compound 有机金属化合物orifice column 筛板塔original concentration 原始浓度ORP (oxidation reduction potential) 氧化还原电位oscillation 振动,振荡osmosis 渗透outfall 渠口,沟渠出口,排水出口outlet 排出,出口,出水口outlet chamber 出流室,出流井overall floorage 总建筑面积overall reaction rate equation 总反应速率方程overflow 溢流overhaul (彻底)检查,检修overhead railway 高架铁路overhead storage water tank 高架储水箱overview 综述,概述,概要,观察,概观oxidizing agent 氧化剂。
环境词汇AAQS 环境空气质量标准AARS 机载观测资料自动发送系统abatement 减低; 降低; 减少abiotic 无生命的; 非生物的ABL 大气边界层abrasive 磨料; 磨蚀剂; 有磨蚀作用的absorber (of long-wave radiation) 长波辐射吸收剂absorber vessel 吸收器; 吸收装置absorbing ability 吸收能力absorption 吸收作用absorptive complex 吸收性复合体abundance 丰度ACCAD 世界气候应用及资料计划咨询委员会acceptable daily intake 容许日摄入量acceptance test 验收试验accident management 事故管理accidental spill 事故性溢漏acetate moiety 乙酸根; 乙酸基acetylene dichloride 对称二氯乙烯acid fallout 酸性沈降物acid fog 酸雾acid mist 酸雾acid rain 酸雨acid sulphate soils 酸性硫酸盐土; 热带沼泽林土acid(ic)deposit(ion) 酸性沈积物acid(ic) precipitation 酸性降水acid(ic) snow 酸雪acid-affected 受酸影响的; 受酸危害的acid-causing substance 致酸物质acid-forming substance 成酸物质acidifying substance 酸化物质acidogenic bactria 产酸细菌acid-producing bacteria 产酸细菌ACMAD 非洲气象学应用促进发展中心acrylonitrile vapour 丙烯腈蒸气action area 行动区域; 预定自然保护区action level 触发行动水平; 行动阈值Action Plan for the Biosphere Reserves 生物圈保护区行动计划Action Plan for the Programme of Studies 气候对人类影响研究计划的行动计划Action Plan for the Protection of the Atmosphere 保护大气行动计划action spectrum 作用光谱activated carbon 活性炭activated sludge 活性污泥activation of a response plan 实行应急计划active 活性的active solar energy system 现用的太阳能系统acyclic 无环的acyl nitrite 亚硝酸酰基酯acyl radical 酰基Ad Hoc Group of Legal Experts on Dumping 倾弃问题特设法律专家组add-on hardware 添加硬件add-on technology 增添技术ADI 容许日摄入量adiabatic process 绝热过程administrative charges 管理费ADR 欧洲危险货物国际公路运输协定adsorbent 吸附剂adsorption 吸附作用adverse climate change 不利的气候变化adverse effect 不利效应; 不利影响adverse environment effect 对环境不利的影响adverse health effect 对健康不利的影响adverse impact 不利影响Advisory Committee on Marine Pollution 海洋污染咨询委员会(海洋污染咨委会)Advisory Committee on Marine Pollution 海洋污染咨询委员会(海洋污染咨委会)Advisory Group on Greenhouse Gases 致温室效应气体问题咨询小组aeronautical climatology 航空气候学Aeronautical Meteorology Programme 航空气象学计划aerosol 气溶胶; 烟雾体aerosol (spray-)can 喷雾罐; 气溶胶喷罐aerosol dispenser 气溶胶喷罐; 气溶胶发生器aerosol load 气溶胶浓度; 气溶胶含量AFBC 常压流化床燃烧AFC 区域预报中心afforestation 造林; 绿化aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲环境问题部长级会议African NGO Environment Network 非洲非政府组织环境网after-care of disposal sites 垃圾堆置场的使用后管理aftershock 余震AGCM 大气环流模型Agricultural Meteorology Programme 农业气象学计划agrochemicals 农用化学品agroclimatic 农业气候的agroclimatological zoning 农业气候分区agrometeorology 农业气象学A-horizon 淋溶层; A 层air barrier 气障; 气泡阻挡层; 气泡屏蔽air chemistry 大气化学air column 气柱air current 气流air injection system 空气喷射系统air intrusion 气流侵袭air mass 气团air monitoring 大气监测air parcel 气块air pollutant 空气污染物air pollution 空气污染air pollution control 空气污染控制air pollution load 空气污染物浓度; 空气污染物含量air shed 大气补给分界线air shower 大气中宇宙线的簇射air surveillance 空气污染监视airborne contaminant 气载污染物airborne emissions 空气中的排放物airborne fraction of carbon 空气中的碳化合物馏分airborne particulates 空气中的悬浮微粒; 气载微粒airborne pollutant concentration 气载污染物浓度如需转载,请注明来自:FanE『翻译中国』http;// airborne pollution 大气污染; 空气污染airborne system 机载系统airborne transport 大气输运aircraft(-based) observations 机上观测airflow 气流air-fuel ratio 空气燃油比air-sea boundary layer 大气海洋边界层; 海-气边界层air-sea interaction 大气海洋相互作用; 海-气相互作用air-sea interface 大气海洋界面; 海-气界面albedo 反照率; 反射率albedo radiation 反照辐射algae control 藻类控制algal bloom 水华; 藻华; 藻类大量繁殖alicyclic 脂环族的aliphatic compound 脂族化合物alkadiene 链二烯alkali metal 碱金属alkaline-earth metal 碱土金属alkalinization 碱化; 碱化作用alkane 烷; 链烷烃alkene 烯; 链烯烃alkyd resins 醇酸树脂alkyl aluminium halide 卤化烷基铝alkyl nitrate 硝酸烷基酯alkyl nitrite 亚硝酸烷基酯alkylphosphonothio dihalide 烷基硫代膦酰二卤alkyne 炔; 链炔烃alleviating measures 缓和措施; 减轻措施allowable daily intake 容许日摄入量alluvial deposit 冲积物; 冲积层alluviation 冲积; 冲积作用allyl chlorocarbonate 氯甲酸烯丙酯alterant 备用方案alternative development 可选择的发展alternative fuel 代用燃料alternative technology 可选择的技术altitude distribution 高度分布; 垂直方向分布ambient air 环境大气; 环境空气ambient air monitor 环境空气监测ambient air quality standard 环境空气质量标准ambient quality standard 环境质量标准ambient standard 环境标准AMCEN 非洲部长级环境会议amenities of the countryside 乡村的舒适amenity rights 舒适环境的权利; 舒适权amine ring 氨基环ammonia (NH3) 氨ammonia solution (NH4OH) 氨溶液; 氢氧化铵; 氨水ammonia water 氨水; 氨溶液; 氢氧化铵ammonium hydrogen sulphite (NH4HSO3) 亚硫酸氢铵ammonium hydroxide 氢氧化铵; 氨溶液; 氨水ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4) 硫酸铵ammonium superphosphate 过磷酸铵ammonolysis 氨解作用ammoxidation 氨解氧化作用; 氨氧化反应作用amplification factor 放大因子anaerobic conditions 缺氧情况ANEN 非洲非政府组织环境网animal density 动物密度anion exchanger 阴离子交换剂anomalous fluctuations 反常起伏; 反常波动anomaly 反常; 异常Antarctic Circle 南极圈Antarctic ozone hole 南极臭氧层空洞Antarctic springtime ozone depletion 南极春季臭氧消耗Antarctic stratospheric circumpolar vortex 南极平流层环极涡旋anthropogenic 源于人类活动的; 人为的anticipatory environmental action 防患未然的环保行动anti-desertification programme 防止沙漠化计划antioxidant 抗氧化剂; 防老化剂anti-trade 反信风APELL 在地方一级知道和作好工业事故的准备APELL 在地方一级知道和作好工业事故的准备appliance labelling 电器用品贴上标签如需转载,请注明来自:FanE『翻译中国』http;// Applications of Meteorology Programme 气象学应用计划applied cloud physics 应用云物理学approved facility (处理危险或其他废物的)合格设施aqua ammonia 氨水; 氢氧化氨; 氨溶液aquatic acidification 水的酸化aquatic biota 水生生物区系; 水生生物群aquatic food web 水生食物链; 水生食物网3 of 84Arctic Cercle 北极圈Arctic ozone hole 北极臭氧层空洞area (emission) source 区域污染源Area Forcast System (AFS) 区域预报系统area meteorological watch 区域气象监视area of environmental stress 环境受到威胁地区area pollution 区域污染aromatic 芳族的; 芳香的; 芳香剂artificial structure 人工建筑物; 人工结构ASAP 自动化船载高空探测计划ascending chromatography 上行色谱法ASP 过磷酸铵assessment panel 评估小组Atlas mooring 阿特拉斯式系泊装置atmosphere-ocean-land-ice system 大气-海洋-陆地-冰雪体系; 气海陆冰体系atmospheric absorption 大气吸收atmospheric abundance(s) 例如二氧化碳在大气中的丰度; 成分atmospheric acidity 大气酸度atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) 大气边界层atmospheric change 大气变化atmospheric chemist 大气化学家atmospheric chemistry 大气化学atmospheric chlorine 大气氯atmospheric chlorine build-up 大气氯累积; 大气氯蓄积atmospheric circulation pattern 大气环流模式atmospheric climate 大气气候atmospheric column 大气气柱atmospheric composition 大气成分atmospheric constituent 大气组分; 大气组元atmospheric deposition 排入大气atmospheric disturbance 大气扰动atmospheric dynamics 大气动力学atmospheric environment 大气环境atmospheric fallout 大气沈降物atmospheric flow pattern 大气气流模式atmospheric fluidized bed combustion 常压流化床燃烧atmospheric forcing 大气外力作用atmospheric free radical 大气游离基Atmospheric General Circulation Model 大气环流模型atmospheric input (of pollutants) 污染物的排入大气atmospheric inversion 大气逆变; 大气逆温atmospheric layer 大气层atmospheric life (of a substance) 一种物质在大气中存在的时间atmospheric loading (of e.g. chlorine) 例如氯在大气中的浓度; 含量; 负荷atmospheric microphysics 大气微观物理学atmospheric model 大气模型atmospheric modeller 大气模型家atmospheric movements (of e.g. nitrogen oxides) 例如氧化氮在大气中的移动atmospheric ozone 大气臭氧atmospheric ozone column 大气臭氧气柱atmospheric physicist 大气物理学家atmospheric pollution network 大气污染监视网atmospheric radical 大气游离基atmospheric recovery time 大气复原时间atmospheric region 大气层Atmospheric Research and Remote Sensing Plane 大气研究和遥感研究专机atmospheric researcher 大气研究者atmospheric residence time 在大气中停留时间atmospheric sciences 大气科学atmospheric scientist 大气科学家atmospheric shell 大气层atmospheric sounder 大气探测器atmospheric transfer 大气输运atmospheric transformation product 使大气变性的产物atmospheric transport 大气输运atmospheric transport-chemistry model 大气输运和化学反应模型atmospheric turbidity 大气浑浊度atmospherics detection station 天电检测站auctionable emission rights 可拍卖的排放权利austral spring 南半球春季austral winter 南半球冬季Automated Shipboard Aerological Programme 自动化船载高空探测计划Automatic Aircraft Reporting System 机载观测资料自动发送系统automative air conditioning 汽车空调; 汽车空气调节autophyte 自养植物autotroph 自养生物autotrophic 自养的autotrophy 自养available (chlorine, oxygen, etc.) 有效氯,氧等average total amount of ozone 臭氧平均总量average total ozone 臭氧平均总量awarwness-building 建立意识azeotrope 共沸混合物B2O5 N2O5; 五氧化二氮 (一般不译) Background Air Pollution Monitoring Network 气象组织本底空气污染监测网Background Air Pollution Monitoring Network (BAPMoN) 本底空气污染监测网background atmosphere composition network 本底大气成分监测网background concentration 本底污染浓度background measurement 本底测量background monitoring station 本底监测站background ozone 本底臭氧backgroung (ambient air) pollution 本底污染backscattered radiation 后向散射的辐射backscattered ultraviolet radiation (BUV radiation) 后向散射的紫外辐射backscattering 后向散射back-up 支持; 支持物; 备分BACT 可得的最佳控制污染技术bag house 袋滤室balance 平衡balance line system 平衡管道系统balance of nature 自然生态平衡balance vapour recovery system 平衡管道蒸气回收系统balancing line system 平衡管道系统balks 未耕地balloon ozone sounding 气球臭氧探测balloon-borne instrument 气球运载仪器; 球载仪器Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission 波罗的海海洋环境保护委员会ban 禁止使用BAPMoN 本底空气污染监测网BAPMoN site 本底空气污染监测网站basal layer of epidermis 表皮基层base cations 碱阳离子base metal 贱金属baseline case 基线案例baseline data 基线数据baseline observing station [GAW] 基线观测站basic active 碱活性basic metal 碱性金属basic obligations 基本义务basic reaction 碱性反应basic solution 碱性溶液basin 流域; 盆地bearing capacity 承载能力bedrock 基岩behaviour of ozone 臭氧特性belt skimmer 带式撇油器benthic 底栖的; 海底的5 of 84benthos 底栖生物; 水底生物Bergen Conference 卑尔根会议Bern Convention 伯尔尼公约best available control technology (BACT) 可得的最佳控制污染技术best practicable means 最可行的方法best practicable technology 最可行的技术BFCs 溴氟碳化合物B-horizon 淀积层; B 层biennial oscillation 两年振荡bio(-)indicator 对环境有指示作用的生物指示品种bioaccumulation 生物累积bioassay 生物测定; 活体检定biocenose 生物群落biocenosis 生物群落biochemical action 生化作用; 生物化学作用biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 生化需氧量bioclimatic changes 生物气候变化bioclimatology 生物气候学biocoenose 生物群落bio-data 生物数据biodegradation rate 生物降解速率biodiversity 生物多样性biofilter 生物过滤器; 生物滤池biogenic chlorine 源于生物的氯; 生物产生的氯biogenic gas 源于生物的气体biogeochemical cycle 生物地球化学循环biological action 生物作用biological action spectrum 生物作用光谱biological amplification factor 生物放大因数biological assay 生物鉴定; 生物测定; 活体检定biological balance 生物平衡biological control 生物控制biological cycle 生物循环; 生物周期biological energy conversion 生物能量转换biological exposure indicator 生物性曝露指示装置biological half-life 生物半衰期biological indicator species 对环境有指示作用的生物指示品种biological magnification factor 生物放大因数biological oxygen demand 生物需氧量biological treatment (BT) 生物处理biologically active ultraviolet radiation 具有生物活性的紫外辐射biologically effective ultraviolet radiation 具有生物效应的紫外辐射biomagnification 生物富集biome 生物群落biomonitoring 生物监测biosafety 生物技术安全biosphere reserve 生物圈保护区biospheric balance 生物圈平衡biota 生物区系; 生物相; 区域生物群biotechnological safety 生物技术安全biotechnology 生物技术; 生物工艺学biotic control 生物控制biotope 群落生境; 生活小区biphenyl 联苯biradical 二基团的bitrate radical 硝酸根bloom 大量繁殖blowing agent 发泡剂BOD 生化需氧量BOD strength 生化需氧量大小BOD(x) X 日的生化需氧量body of water 水体body tissue 体组织Bonn Convention 波恩公约border effect 边行效应; 边行影响boron (B) 硼bottom-living fish 底栖鱼类bound nitrogen 固氮boundary layer 边界层bowl 盆地; 区域Br 溴; (一般不译)breakdown 分解breeding ground 繁殖区; 产卵区Brewer instrument 布鲁尔检测仪Brewer-Mast electrochemical sonde 布鲁尔-马斯特电化学探空仪bridge technology 过渡性技术bromic ether 溴代乙烷; 乙基溴bromide 溴化; 溴化物brominated species 含溴产品bromination 溴化作用; 溴化处理bromine(-containing) substance 含溴物质bromochlorodifluoromethane 二氟氯溴甲烷bromoethane 溴乙烷; 乙基溴bromofluorocarbons (BFCs) 溴氟碳化合物bromoform (CHBr3) 溴仿; 三溴甲烷bromomethane 溴甲烷; 甲基溴bromotrifluoromethane (CBrF3) 三氟溴甲烷brown coal 褐煤Brundtland Report 布伦特兰报告bubble concept 气泡概念bubble tower 鼓泡塔bubbler 起泡器bubbling 起泡; 冒泡; 鼓泡bubbling fluidized bed combustion 沸腾式流化床燃烧budget 预算; 平衡; 收支buffer solution 缓冲溶液buffer(ing) capacity 缓冲能力; 缓冲容量building climatology 建筑气候学build-up (of pollutants) 污染物的累积; 积累bulk deposition 大量堆积; 大量沈积buoy boat 航标敷设艇burnt lime 煅石灰; 氧化钙; 生石灰bush fire 灌丛火灾; 灌木林火BUV radiation 后向散射的紫外辐射C2Cl2F4 四氟二氯乙烷C2Cl3F3 三氟三氯乙烷C2Cl4F2 四氯二氟乙烷C2Cl6 六氯乙烷C2ClF5 五氟氯乙烷C2H3Cl3 C2H3Cl3 三氯乙烷C2H4F2 C2H4F2 (1,1-二氟乙烷C2H4O2 C2H4O2 甲酸甲酯C2H5Br C2H5Br 乙基溴C2H5Cl C2H5Cl 乙基氯C2HCl5 C2HCl5 五氯乙烷C4F8 C4F8 八氟环丁烷C4H4O C4H4O 呋喃C5H10 C5H10 戊烯Cadmium pollution 镉污染Cairo Guidelines and Principles 关于危险废物的环境无害管理开罗准则和原则calibrated fluxes 校准流量; 校准通量calibration 校准Campaign for the Conservation of the Water's Edge 保护河海边缘运动Canadian Environmental Protection Act 加拿大环境保护法canopy 林冠; 树冠canopy density 林冠郁闭度canopy manipulation 林冠修整; 林冠控制can-type precipitation gauge 罐式雨量计cap (on production, consumption) 生产或消费限额; 限度carbide 碳化; 碳化物; 碳化钙carbon canister 活性碳罐carbon cycle 碳循环carbon dioxide (CO2) 二氧化碳carbon dioxide ice 固态二氧化碳carbon disulphide 二硫化碳carbon families 碳族化合物carbon hexachloride 六氯乙烷carbon material 碳材料carbon monoxide (CO) 一氧化碳7 of 84carbon oxygen sulphide (COS) 氧硫化碳; 碳酰硫carbon oxysulphide 氧硫化碳carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) 四氯化碳carbon tetrafluoride 四氟化碳carbonic acid (H2CO3) 碳酸carbonic acid gas 碳酸气; 二氧化碳carbonic oxide 一氧化碳carbonyl sulphide 氧硫化碳; 碳酰硫carrying capacity 容纳量; 装载量; 负荷量; 负担能力CAS 化学文摘社; 大气科学委员会cascade impactor 阶式碰撞采样器cascade shower 级联簇射catalysis 催化作用catalyst 催化剂catalyst-equipped passenger car 装有催化净化废气系统的小客车catalytic chain 催化循环catalytic converter 催化转化器catalytic cycle 催化循环catalytic exhaust system 排气催化系统catalytic ozone destruction cycle 臭氧的催化分解循环catchment 汇水; 集水cation exchange capacity 阳离子交换能力cation exchanger 阳离子交换剂; 阳离子交换器CBrF3 三氟溴甲烷CCCO 气候变化与海洋委员会CCl2F2 二氟二氯甲烷CCl2FCCl2F 对称四氯二氟乙烷CCl3CHCl2 五氯乙烷CCl3F 三氯氟甲烷CCl4 四氯化碳,四氯甲烷CClF2CClF2 对称四氟二氯乙烷CClF2CF3 五氟氯乙烷CClF3 三氟氯甲烷ceiling value 最高值; 最高额cell line 细胞株; 细胞系cell methode 分格法cellular plastic 泡沫塑料CERESIS 南美地震学区域中心certification requirements 获得许可的必要条件资格CF2ClCCl2H CF2ClCCl2H (1,1,2-三氯-2,2-二氟乙烷CF3CF3 CF3CF3 六氟乙烷CF4 CF4 四氟甲烷,四氟化碳CFC 氯氟碳化合物; 含氯氟烃CFC 10 CFC 10 四氯化碳,四氯甲烷CFC 11 CFC 11 三氯氟甲烷CFC 110 CFC 110 六氯乙烷CFC 112 CFC 112 四氯二氟乙烷CFC 113 CFC 113 三氟三氯乙烷CFC 114 CFC 114 四氟二氯乙烷CFC 115 CFC 115 五氟氯乙烷CFC 116 CFC 116 六氟乙烷CFC 12 CFC 12 二氟二氯甲烷CFC 120 CFC 120 五氯乙烷CFC 122 CFC 122 三氯二氟乙烷CFC 13 CFC 13 三氟氯甲烷CFC 13B1 CFC 13B1 三氟溴甲烷CFC 14 CFC 14 四氟甲烷CFC 140a CFC 140a (1,1,1-三氯乙烷CFC 142b CFC 142b (1,1-二氟-1-氯乙烷CFC 152a CFC 152a (1,1-二氟乙烷CFC 160 CFC 160 乙基氯CFC 160B CFC 160B 乙基溴CFC 20 CFC 20 三溴甲烷CFC 21 CFC 21 二氯氟甲烷CFC 22 CFC 22 二氟氯甲烷CFC 23 CFC 23 三氟甲烷CFC 32 CFC 32 二氟甲烷CFC 40 CFC 40 甲基氯CFC 40 B CFC 40 B 甲基溴CFC 500 CFC 500 (500 制冷剂CFC 502 CFC 502 (502 制冷剂CFC 503 CFC 503 (503 制冷剂CFC 504 CFC 504 (504 制冷剂CFC 611 CFC 611 甲酸甲酯CFC C318 CFC C318 八氟环丁烷CFC refrigerant 氯氟碳化合物制冷剂CFC refrigeration fluid 氯氟碳化合物制冷液CFC release rate 氯氟碳化合物的排放速度CFM 氟氯甲烷CH2=CHCl CH2=CHCl 氯乙烯CH2Cl2 CH2Cl2 二氯甲烷CH2ClCH2Cl CH2ClCH2Cl 对称二氯乙烷CH2F2 CH2F2 二氟甲烷CH3Br CH3Br 甲基溴CH3CCl3 CH3CCl3 (1,1,1-三氯乙烷CH3CClF2 CH3CClF2 (1,1-二氟-1-氯乙烷CH3CH(Cl)CH2Cl CH3CH(Cl)CH2Cl (1,2-二氯丙烷CH3CH2Br CH3CH2Br 乙基溴CH3CH2CHCl2 CH3CH2CHCl2 (1,1-二氯丙烷CH3CHCl2 CH3CHCl2 (1,1-二氯乙烷CH3CHF2 CH3CHF2 (1,1-二氟乙烷CH3Cl CH3Cl 甲基氯CH4 CH4 甲烷change in consumer attitudes 消费者态度的变化change in weather pattern 天气模式的变化; 天气型的变化changes of acitity 酸度的变化changing atmosphere 变化中的大气; 大气变化changing composition (of the atmosphere) 大气成分的变化charge 费charges on water pollution 水污染费Charter on Ground Water Management 地下水管理章程CHBr3 CHBr3 三溴甲烷CHCl=CCl2 CHCl=Cl2 三氯乙烯CHCl2CCl3 CHCl2CCl3 五氯乙烷CHCl2CH2Cl CHCl2CH2Cl (1,1,2-三氯乙烷CHCl2F CHCl2F 二氯氟甲烷CHCl3 CHCl3 三氯甲烷CHClF2 CHClF2 二氟氯甲烷Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) 化学文摘社chemical barrier 化学屏蔽chemical burn 化学性灼伤chemical change 化学变化chemical cleaning of coal 煤的化学净化chemical conversion 化学转化Chemical Co-ordinating Centre 化学问题协调中心chemical dump 化学废料chemical emergency 化学紧急事故chemical intermediate 化学中间产品; 化学半成品chemical name 化学名chemical oxygen demand (COD) 化学需氧量chemical poisoning 化学品中毒chemical reactivity 化学反应性chemical residence time 化学品停留时间; 化学品存在时间chemical safety 化学安全chemical specialities 化学的各种专业chemical substitute 化学代用品; 化学替代物质chemical theory 化学理论chemical trace constituent 化学痕量成分chemical transformation 化学变化chemical transmitter 化学传递介质chemically inert 不起化学作用的; 化学惰性的chemically reactive substance 化学活性物质chemically-fixed energy 化学能; 化学固定能chemistry of atmosphere 大气化学9 of 84chemo... 化学...chemoautotroph 化学自养生物chemosphere 光化层CHF3 CHF3 三氟甲烷chlorethyl 乙基氯chlorhydrogenation 氯氢化作用chloride 氯化; 氯化物chloride prescrubber 氯化物预洗净气剂chlorinated 氯化的chlorinated alkane 氯化烷烃chlorinated hydrocarbon 氯化碳氢化合物chlorinated hydrocarbon refrigerant 氯化碳氢化合物制冷剂chlorinated paraffin 氯化石蜡; 氯化烷烃chlorination 氯化作用; 在水中加氯chlorine catalysis 氯的催化作用chlorine chemistry 氯化学chlorine dioxide (ClO2) 二氧化氯chlorine monoxide (Cl2O) 氧化氯chlorine nitrate (ClONO2) 硝酸氯chlorine oxide radical 氧化氯游离基chlorine oxides (ClOx) 氯的氧化物chlorine peroxide 过氧化氯chlorine radicals 氯游离基chlorine reservoir 氯的吸收库chlorine sink 氯的吸收汇chlorine system 氯的化学系统; 氯的化学循环chlorine theory 氯理论chlorine(-containing) substance 含氯物质chlorine-bearing compound 含氯物质chlorine-bearing reservoir 氯的吸收库chlorinolysis 氯解chloroalkane 氯化烷烃chlorocarbon 氯化碳氢化合物chlorocarbon refrigerant 氯化碳氢化合物制冷剂chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF2) 二氟氯甲烷chloroethane 氯乙烷chloroethylene 二氯化乙烯chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) 氯氟碳化合物; 含氯氟烃chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant 氯氟碳化合物制冷剂chlorofluoroethane 氟氯乙烷chlorofluoromethane (CFM) 氟氯甲烷chloroform (CHCl3) 氯仿; 三氯甲烷chlorohydrocarbon 氯化碳氢化合物chloromethane 氯甲烷chloropentafluoroethane (C2ClF5) 五氟氯乙烷chlorophenols 氯酚chlorotrifluoromethane (CClF3) 三氟氯甲烷C-horizon 母质层; C 层chromatophore cell 色素细胞CIDIE 国际发展机构环境委员会circle of latitude 纬度圈circulating fluidized bed combustor 循环流化床燃烧室circulation pattern of the atmosphere 大气环流模式circumpolar vortex 环极涡旋; 绕极涡旋CITES 濒危野生动植物物种国际贸易公约Cl Cl 氯; 氯原子Cl2 Cl2 氯分子Cl2C=CCl2 Cl2C=CCl2 四氯乙烯Cl2O Cl2O 氧化氯Cl3CCCl3 Cl3CCCl3 六氯乙烷classified facility 按可能引起污染的程度被定级设施clean air 清洁空气; 新鲜空气Clean Air Act 空气清洁法clean atmosphere 天然大气; 洁净大气clean rain 干净的雨; 没有被污染的雨clean technologies 不引起污染的技术; 干净的技术clean use of coal 煤的干净用法cleaner technologies 清洁技术; 净化技术cleaning solvent 洗涤液; 洗涤溶剂cleanup activities 清洁活动; 净化活动clear sky 晴空clearing-house mechanism [UNEP] 资料交换所机制体制CLICOM CLICOM 不译CLICOM facility [WMO] CLICOM 设施climagram 气候图CLIMAT broadcast CLIMAT 广播CLIMAT reporting station [WWW] CLIMAT 报告站CLIMAT TEMP reporting system [WWW] CLIMAT TEMP 报告系统climate alert 气候警报climate applications 气候应用Climate Applications Referral System 气候应用检索系统climate change 气候变化Climate Change Detection Project 气候变化检测计划Climate Computing (CLICOM) CLICOM (不译)climate control 气候控制climate data centre 气候资料中心climate data management 气候资料管理climate diagnostic 气候分析climate forcing 气候作用力climate indicator 气候指示物climate information 气候资料climate model 气候模型climate modelling 建立气候模型climate monitoring 气候监测climate observing station 气候观测站climate process 气候过程climate record 气候记录climate science 气候科学climate sensitivity 气候敏感性climate system monitoring (CSM) 气候系统监测climate trend 气候趋势climate variation 气候变化climate warming 气候变暖; 气温升高climate watch 气候监视climate-sensitive activity 影响气候的活动; 对气候敏感的活动climatic anomaly 气候异常; 气候距平climatic atlas 气候图集climatic change 气候变化climatic control 气候控制climatic cycles 气候循环; 气候周期climatic data 气候资料climatic divide 气候分界climatic effects 气候效应climatic element 气候要素climatic event 气候现象; 气候事件climatic facilities 气候治疗设施climatic factors 气候因子climatic forecast 气候预报; 气候展望climatic hazard 不测风云的危险性; 气候异常的危险性climatic model 气候模型climatic optimum 气候适宜期climatic record 气候记录climatic region 气候区climatic scourge 气候灾害climatic shift 气候改变climatic stress 气候限制; 气候压力climatic upheaval 气候激烈变化climatic variability 气候的可变性如需转载,请注明来自:FanE『翻译中国』http;// climatic variation 气候变化climatic zone 气候带climatography 气候志climatological chart 气候图climatological forecast 以气候学方法预报climatological station 气候站climatologist 气候学家climatology 气候学11 of 84ClNO2 ClNO2 硝酰氯ClO2 ClO2 过氧化氯ClONO2 ClONO2 硝酸氯closed forest 密生林; 郁闭林closed-cup test 闭杯法试验closed-loop control (of fuel metering) 燃料计量的闭回路控制cloud albedo 云的反照率cloud amount 云量cloud climatology 云气候学cloud cover 云量cloud droplets 云滴cloud field 云区cloud physics 云物理学cloud process 成云过程; 云形成过程cloud system 云系cloudiness 云量cloud-radiation feedback 云和辐射相互作用; 云-辐射反馈作用cloud-top height 云顶高度cloud-top temperature 云顶温度cloudy 多云ClOx ClOx 氯的氧化物CMM 海洋气象学委会CO2 equivalent 二氧化碳当量CO2-induced changes (of climate) 二氧化碳引起的气候变化coal beneficiation 选煤coal cleaning plant 选煤厂coal washing 洗煤COARE 海洋大气耦合响应实验Coast Earth Station 海岸地面站coastal area 沿海区; 海岸区coastal climate 沿海气候coastal development 滨海地区的发展coastal evolution 海岸的演变coastal fog 岸边的雾; 岸雾coastal ocean 海洋边缘; 近岸海洋coastal protected area 沿海保护区coastal sea 海洋边缘; 近岸海洋coastal shelf 沿海大陆架coastal waters 水体边缘; 近岸水体COD 化学需氧量COH 雾系数cold start emissions 冷起动时排出的废气collection of household refuse 家庭垃圾的收集colonizing species 群居物种column content of ozone 大气气柱中的臭氧含量column of ozone 大气气柱中的臭氧column of the atmosphere 大气气柱combating climate change 防备气候变化combustion emissions 燃烧废气combustion plant 燃烧设施; 燃烧车间combustion source 火源; 火箱; 燃烧室combustor 燃烧室; 燃烧器commercial applications 商业应用commercial lead time 商品从开始设计到投入市场所需的时间commercially available substitute 可在市场上买到的代用品Commission for Aeronautical Meteorology 航空气象学委员会Commission for Agricultural Meteorology 农业气象学委员会Commission for Atmospheric Sciences 大气科学委员会Commission for Basic Systems (CBS) 基本系统委员会Commission for Climatology (CCl) 气候学委员会Commission for Marine Meteorology 海洋气象学委员会Commission for Special Applications ofMeteorology.. 气象学和气候学特殊应用委员会Commission Initiative in the Field ofthe Environ.. 欧洲共同体委员会环境领域计划Committee for Climate Changes and the Ocean 气候变化和海洋委员会Committee of International Development 国际发展机构环境委员会Committee of International Development 国际发展机构环境委员会Committee of the Whole 全体委员会common name 通用名称compacted soil 紧实土Compendium on Low- and Non-waste Technologies 低废和无废技术概要completely halogenated 全氯化的compliance 遵守compliance delay 延期遵守; 延期执行component 成分; 组分composition of CFCs 氯氟碳化合物的成分compound organic matter 复合有机物compressed natural gas 压缩天然气compression ratio 压缩比compressive resistance 抗压强度; 压应力; 抗压力compulsory measures 强制性措施concentration basin 浓缩池; 选矿槽concentration factor 浓缩系数; 富集系数concentration level 浓缩水平; 富集水平condensate 冷凝; 冷凝液Conference of Experts on Climate and Mankind 气候和人类问题专家会议Conference on Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas 气候变化和致温室效应气体问题会议Conference on Environment and Development 环境与发展会议 (环发会议) conservation 保护; 保养; 养护; 维护conservation area 保护区conservation of biological diversity 维护生物的多样性conservation of cilmate 保护气候conservation of genetical diversity 维护遗传的多样性conservation of landscape 保护风景; 保护景观conservation of nature 保护自然; 自然保护conservation policy 保护政策conservationist 提倡保护自然资源的人consignment (of waste) 废物的托运consumption area (of ozone depleting substances) 消耗臭氧物质的消费领域contactant (photo)sensitizer 致光敏物质containment (of controlled substances) 控制物质的限制使用containment (of solid wastes) 固态废物的限制地区contaminant 污染物contaminated 被污染的content 含量contigency plan 应急计划continental ice sheet 大陆冰原continuous flow bioassay 连续流动活体检定; 连续流动生物测定continuous sampling 连续采样control 管制; 控制; 管理; 防治; 对照control of residues of pesticides 残留农药的控制control period 控制期间; 管制期间controlled 受控制的; 受管制的; 受节制的controlled dumping 有控制地倾弃controlled landfilling 有控制地用垃圾填地controlled oxidation 受控氧化作用controlled substance 控制物质; 管制物质controlled tipping 有控制地倾弃Convention for the Prevention of Marine 防止陆源物质污染海洋公约Convention for the Protection of the 保护世界文化和自然遗产公约13 of 84Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer 保护臭氧层公约Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident 核事故及早通报公约Convention on Fluorochlorohydrocarbons 关于含氯氟烃的(维也纳)公约Convention on International Trade in Endangered S 濒危野生动植物物种国际贸易公约Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution 长程越界空气污染公约Convention Trust Fund 公约信托基金conventional gasoline engin 传统汽油发动机conventional tip (uncompacted) 传统倾弃办法不压实conversion time 转换时间conversion to alternative fuels 转换到代用燃料coolant 冷却剂; 冷却液; 致冷液cooling of the atmosphere 冷却大气co-operating agency 合作机构Co-ordinating Committee on the Ozone Layer 臭氧层问题协调委员会core 岩心; 冰心core sampler 岩心取样器; 冰心取样器core-drilling 取心钻进; 取心钻井corer 岩心取样器; 冰心取样器Coriolis force 科里奥利力corona of the terrestrial atmosphere 地球大气上层地冕COS COS 氧硫化碳; 碳酰硫cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射cosmic-ray shower 宇宙线簇射cost impact 成本影响; 成本冲击cost-benefit analysis 成本效益分析cost-effective 成本效率高的; 效率高成本低的cost-effectiveness 成本效率cost-effectiveness analysis 成本效率分析cost-offsetting advantage 抵补成本的优势cost-optimal 最合算的; 最经济的counter-claim 反诉; 反要求Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment 海洋大气耦合响应实验cradle to grave management 由始至终的管理crime against the environment 对环境的犯罪; 破坏环境罪critical load 临界负荷critical loads approach 临界负荷法critical pH 临界pH 值; 临界酸碱度crop damage 谷物损害crop failure 谷物歉收crop monitoring 作物监测crop pest 作物病虫害crop plant 农作物; 作物crop tree 主伐木; 主林木croplands 耕地cropping system 耕作制度cross-section 截面; 横截面cryofluorane 四氟二氯乙烷cryosphere 冰雪圈; 冰冻层cull tree 等外树; 不良立木cultivation shifting 改变耕作方法cumulative dose 累积剂量cyanide 氰化; 氰化物cyanide-containing waste substances 含氰废物cycloalkanes 环烷cyclone separator 旋风式分尘器; 旋风式分离器cyclone storm surge 气旋性风暴潮cyclone-recovery skimmer 涡旋式水上浮油回收装置D layer D 层daily dose 日剂量daily variation 日变化damage to the environment 损害环境danger label 危险标记; 危险标志danger level 危险水平; 危险程度danger threshold 危险阈; 安全限值dangerous goods 危险货物DARE 数据抢救计划data buoy 数据收集浮标站Data Collection Platform (DCP) 资料收集平台Data Collection System (DCS) 资料收集系统data profile 资料大略daytime (ozone) profile 臭氧的白日分布曲线DBCP 漂流浮标站合作小组deactivation of a response plan 一项反应计划的撤销dead lime 熟石灰debt for environmental protection swap 债务交换环境保护debt for nature 债务交换自然decay (of a disturbance) 扰动的逐渐减弱decay of air pollutants 空气污染物的逐渐减少decay of organic matter 有机物质的分解decay of waves 波浪逐渐平息dechlorohydrogenation 脱去氯化氢deciduous forest 落叶林Declaration of the Hague 海牙宣言Declaration of the World Climate Conference 世界气候会议宣言Declaration on the Human Environment 人类环境宣言Declaration on the Protection of the Atmosphere 保护大气宣言decline in ozone 臭氧逐渐减少decoupling 退耦; 解耦; 去耦; 脱离decreasing taxa 衰落中的生物分类群de-duster 除尘器deep injection (of wastes) 废物的深灌注deeper ocean 深海deep-sea circulation 深海环流deep-sea disposal (of wastes) 废物的深海倾置deep-well injection (of hazardous wastes) 危险废物的深井灌注defoliation 脱叶; 去叶deforestation 砍伐森林; 清除森林degreaser 脱脂剂; 脱垢剂degreasing solvent 脱脂溶剂; 脱垢溶剂dehydrochloration 脱去氯化氢dehydrogenation 脱氢作用delayed effec 延迟效应deleterious effect 毒害身心的作用deleterious gas 有害气体demersal fish 底栖鱼Demonstration projects in the field of the environment 环境领域的示范项目dendrochronology 树木年代学dendroclimatology 年轮气候学denitrfying agent 脱硝剂; 反硝化剂; 脱氮剂denitrification 脱硝作用; 反硝化作用; 脱氮作用denitrogenation 脱氮作用denoxing 消除氮的氧化物density 密度density current 密度流density of canopy 树冠覆盖密度Department of the Environment 环境部departure (from mean value) 偏离平均值depletable resource 可耗尽的资源; 有限的资源depletion (of (the) ozone (layer)) 消耗臭氧层; 破坏臭氧层depletion (of soil) 土壤流失depletion in numbers 数量减少deposit/refund system 押金/退款制度deposition 沈积作用; 沈积物deposition velocity 沈积速度depressed olfactory bulbar response 被抑制的嗅球反应depthsonde 深水探测器dermal toxicity 皮肤毒性15 of 84。
环境保护英语词汇大全共同保护环境的专业术语Environmental Protection Glossary:A Comprehensive List of Professional Terminologies for Environmental ConservationIntroduction:In our ever-changing world, environmental protection has become an increasingly important issue. To effectively communicate and understand the subject, it is crucial to familiarize ourselves with the extensive vocabulary associated with environmental conservation. This glossary aims to provide a comprehensive list of professional terminologies related to environmental protection, thereby enhancing our knowledge and awareness in this field.1. Climate Change Terminology:1.1 Global Warming - The long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.1.2 Greenhouse Effect - The trapping of heat energy by certain gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, in Earth's atmosphere, leading to an increase in global temperatures.1.3 Renewable Energy - Energy derived from sources that are naturally replenished, such as solar power, wind energy, and hydropower.1.4 Carbon Footprint - The total amount of greenhouse gases emitted by an individual, organization, or product, measured in units of carbon dioxide equivalents.1.5 Mitigation - The efforts to reduce or prevent the emission of greenhouse gases and minimize the impact of climate change.2. Pollution Control Terminology:2.1 Air Pollution - The presence of harmful substances in the atmosphere, resulting from emissions from industries, vehicles, and other human activities.2.2 Water Pollution - The contamination of water bodies, such as rivers, lakes, and oceans, by pollutants such as toxins, chemicals, and microorganisms.2.3 Soil Degradation - The deterioration of soil quality due to factors like erosion, pollution, or depletion of nutrients, adversely affecting plant growth and agricultural productivity.2.4 Waste Management - The systematic handling, disposal, and recycling of solid, liquid, and hazardous waste materials to minimize environmental harm.2.5 Noise Pollution - The excessive or annoying noise that disturbs the environment and causes adverse effects on human health and wellbeing.3. Biodiversity Conservation Terminology:3.1 Endangered Species - Species that are at risk of extinction due to factors like habitat loss, poaching, or climate change.3.2 Habitat Restoration - The process of rejuvenating or recreating a natural habitat to support the recovery of native species and ecological balance.3.3 Ecological Footprint - The measure of human demand on Earth's ecosystems, including the resources consumed and waste produced by an individual or population.3.4 Conservation Biology - The scientific study of preserving and restoring biodiversity, focusing on the protection and management of species, ecosystems, and genetic diversity.3.5 Ecosystem Services - The benefits provided by ecosystems to humans, such as clean air and water, pollination, and climate regulation.4. Sustainable Development Terminology:4.1 Circular Economy - An economic system that aims to minimize waste and promote resource efficiency, through strategies like recycling, reuse, and the use of renewable resources.4.2 Ecotourism - Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of local communities, and provides educational experiences to visitors.4.3 Green Building - The design and construction of environmentally friendly buildings, incorporating energy-efficient features, sustainable materials, and waste reduction measures.4.4 Organic Farming - Agriculture practices that prioritize soil health, biodiversity conservation, and the elimination of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers.4.5 Sustainable Consumption - The commitment to using resources efficiently and responsibly, considering the social, economic, and environmental impacts of goods and services.Conclusion:This glossary serves as a valuable resource for understanding and discussing environmental protection more effectively. By familiarizing ourselves with the professional terminologies related to climate change, pollution control, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable development, we can engage in informed discussions, make sustainable choices, and actively contribute to the preservation of our environment. Let us join forces to protect our planet for future generations!。
专业英语环境:environment 环境工程:environmental engineering环境保护:environmental protection 环境意识:environmental consciousness/awareness 环境问题:environmental issue/problem 环境效应:environmental effect环境污染:environmental pollution 环境要素:environmental elements环境因子:environmental factors 环境化学:environmental chemistry环境生态学:environmental ecology 环境质量:environmental quality环境自净作用:environmental self-purification生物圈:biosphere 生态学:ecology生态系统:ecosystem 生态平衡:ecological balance生态破坏:ecological disruption生物群落:biocoenosis猎食者:predator 食物链:food chain被猎食者:prey 营养级:trophic level物质循环:circulation of materials信息反馈:message feedback能量传递:energy tra fer物质不灭定律:law of conservation of matter能量守恒定律:law of conservation of energy物料平衡定律:Mass balance law水环境:watershed 水体:water body流域:watershed 水质:water quality水资源:water resources 供水:water supply废水:waste water 水处理:water treatment物理性水质指标:physical indicate of water quality 水污染物:water pollutant生物性水质指标:Biological indicate of water quality 水质标准:water quality standard化学性水质指标:Chemical indicate of water qualityDS:dissolved solids BOD:biochemical oxygen demand TDS:total dissolved solids COD:chemical oxygen demand TSS:total suspended solids DO:dissolved oxygenTOC:total organic carbon PH值:TN:TP:Zn:zinc Cu:CopperAs:arsenic Cd:CadmiumCr:chromium Ni:NickelHg:mercury Pb:plumbum物理处理:physical treatment 过滤:screening生物处理:biological treatment 沉淀:sedimentation化学处理:chemical treatment 气浮:flotation物理化学处理:physical-chemical treatment蒸发:evaporation稀释:thinning扩散:dispersion 吹脱:blowing好氧处理:aerobic treatment 生物膜法:biomembrance process厌氧处理:anaerobic treatment 生物滤池:trickling filters活性污泥法:activated sludge process 生物接触氧化:contact oxidation SBR:UASB(流式厌氧污泥床):upflow anaerobic sludge blanket活性污泥:activated sludge 改进型:modification一级处理:primary treatment二级处理:secondary treatment三级处理:tertiary treatment高级氧化处理:advanced treatment生活污水:domestic sewage生产废水:industrial wastewater城市生活污水:Urban sewage电镀废水:metalplating plants印染废水:pulp and paper industries wastewater浊度:turbidity硬度:hardness水质净化:water purification混凝沉淀:Precipitation and coagulation活性炭吸附:activated carbon adsorption隔油池:Oil separetion中和池:Neutralization调节池:Equalization生物反应池:biological reaction tank加药设备:physical equipment沉淀池:Sedimentation初沉池:primary Sedimentation二沉池:secondary Sedimentation絮凝剂:flocculant混凝剂:coagulant生物降解:biodegradation生物累积:biologicalaccumulation大气环境:airshed 气体净化:gas purification对流层:troposphere 摩擦层:frictional layer?平流层:stratosphere 中间层:mesosphere热层:thermosphere 臭氧层:ozonosphere粉尘:dust 气溶胶:aerocolloid烟雾:smoke 降尘:dustfall飘尘:floating dust可吸入颗粒物:Inhalable Particles能见度:visibility酸雨:acid rain一次污染物:primary pollutant二次污染物:secondary pollutant氮氧化物:nitriogen oxides 硫氧化物:sulfur oxides硫化氢:hydrogen sulfide 碳氧化物:carbon oxides硝酸:nitric acid 盐酸:chlorhydric acid硫酸:sulfuric acid 二氧化硫:sulfur dioxide除尘工艺:dedusting process吸收:absorption吸附:adsorptionGAC(颗粒活性炭):granular a c tivated carbonPAC(粉末活性炭):powdered a c tivated carbonACF(活性炭纤维):a c tivated carbon fiber静电除尘:electrostatic cleaning重力除尘:gravitational settling臭氧:ozone光化学烟雾:photochemical smog喷淋(洗涤):scavenging凝聚:flocculation植物吸收:Phytoaccumulation植物吸附:Plant adsorption生物降解:biodegradation土壤:soil 热污染:temperature change/thermal pollution 噪声:noise 放射性:radioactivity光辐射:ray radiation光合成:photosynthesis易燃性:ignitability易爆性:explosion hazard反应性:reactivity传染性:infectivity腐蚀性:corrosivityEIA:CAD(计算机辅助设计):computer aided design大气污染控制工程:air pollution control水污染控制工程:water pollution control固体废物污染控制工程:solid waste management污染物:pollutant污染源:pollution source同化作用:assimilation 固体废物:solid wastes消纳作用:危险废物:hazardous wastes城市生活垃圾:municipal wastes化学污泥:chemical sludge生物污泥:biological sludge工业固废:industrial wastes 分选处理:separation treatment矿业固废:mining wastes 破碎处理:cracking treatment农业固废:Agricultural wastes 压实处理:redustion in volume污泥脱水:disposal of the sludge ?污泥浓缩:sludge concentration带式压滤:pressure离心脱水:whirling筛分:fractionating堆肥和堆肥化:compost and composting沼气和沼气化:gas and gasing热解与焚烧:Pyrolysis and incineration生物转化作用:Biological transformation function热化学转化作用:thermo-chemical ?固化和稳定化作用:solidification and stabilization资源化:reclamation减量化:reducing quantity无害化:harmless固体废物全过程控制:solid waste integrated control固体废物污染控制:Solid waste pollution control固体废物处理:solid waste treatment处置:treatment物质回收:materials recovery 物质转化:material conversion能量回收:energy recovery 能量转化:energy conversion1.Environmental engineering has been defined as the branch of engineering that is concernedwith protecting the environment from the potential, deleterious effects of human activity, protecting human populations from the effects of adverse environmental factors, and improving environmental quality for human health and well-being.(2页)环境工程学是环境工程的分支学科,其研究内容包括①保护环境免受人类活动改造形成的潜在和不利影响②保护人类免受不利环境因素的影响③持续改善环境质量,以造福于人类健康与福祉。
环境工程专业英语 pollution 污染 infectious diseases 有传染性的疾病
acid rain 酸雨 waterborne diseases 水传染的疾病
interaction of systems 系统的交互作用 agrarian society 农业社会
environmental problem 环境问题 industrial society 工业社会
environmental disturbance 环境破坏 industrial revolution 产业革命
biotic habitat 生物环境 urbanization 城市化
sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫 industrialization 工业化
nitrogen oxide 氧化氮 developed country 发达国家
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 developing country 发展中国家
automobile exhaust 汽车尾气 undeveloped country 落后国家
primary air pollutant 一次大气污染物 nitrogen dioxide 二氧化氮
secondary air pollutant 二次大气污染物 carbon oxides 碳氮化物
monoxide 一氧化物 sulfur oxides 硫氧化物
dioxide 二氧化物 nitrogen oxides 氮氧化物
trioxide 三氧化物 hydrocarbons 碳氢化合物
carbon monoxide 一氧化碳 photochemical oxidants 光化学氧化物
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 particulates 颗粒物
sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫 inorganic compound 无机化合物
sulfur trioxide 三氧化硫 organic compound 有机化合物
nitrous oxide 一氧化二氮 radioactive substance 放射性物质
nitric oxide 一氧化氮 heat 热 noise 噪声
contaminant 污染物 strength 强度
foreign matter 杂质 domestic sewage 生活污水 volatile suspended solids (VSS) 挥发性悬浮固体颗粒
municipal wastewater 城市废水 microbe 微生物 organic matter 有机物质
microorganism 微生物 bacteria 细菌 total organic carbon, TOC 总有机碳
total solids 总固体 chemical oxygen demand, COD 化学需氧量
inorganic constituents 无机要素 biochemical oxygen demand, BOD 生化需氧量
suspended solids (SS ) 固体悬浮物 biodegradable 可微生物分解的
contamination 污染 recontamination 再污染
groundwater 地下水 surface water 地表水 chlorination 氯化消毒 prechlorination 预加氯
restriction 限制 colloid 胶体 ozonation 臭氧消毒 aeration 曝气
screening 隔栅 coagulation 凝聚 softening 软化 activated carbon 活性炭
flocculation 絮凝 sedimentation 沉淀 adsorption 吸附 reverse osmosis 反渗透
filtration 过滤 disinfection 消毒 desalination 脱盐处理
microbial degradation 微生物降解 metabolize 使代谢化
biological degradation 生化降解 metabolism 新陈代谢
biofilm process 生物膜法 dissolved oxygen 溶解氧
activated sludge process 活性污泥法 pretreatment process 预处理工艺
attached-growth 吸着生长 primary clarifier 初沉池
suspended-growth 悬浮生长 equalization basin 均质池
shock loading 冲击负荷 biological treatment process 生物处理工艺
organic loading 有机负荷 aeration basin 曝气池
mixed liquor suspended solids 混合液悬浮固体 secondary clarifier 二沉池
第 1 页 共 4 页 1 biomass 生物质
heterotrophic bacteria 异养菌 hydraulic retention time (HRT) 水力停留时间
autotrophic bacteria 自养菌 sludge residence time (SRT) 污泥停留时间
solid waste 固体废物 agricultural 农业的 commercial 商业的 flammable 可燃的
municipal 城市化 hazardous 危险的 putrescibl e 易腐烂的 explosive 易爆的
industrial 工业的 residential 住宅的 combustible 易燃的 radioactive 放射性的
Landfilling 土地填埋 incineration: 焚烧 composting: 堆肥 compaction: 压实,紧凑
sanitary landfill 卫生填埋 balance 剩下的,余额,结余 batch-fed 分批投料 refus e 垃圾
municipal waste 城市垃圾 perform: 执行 shut down: 关闭 energy recovery 能量回收
incomplete combustion 不完全燃烧 combustion 燃烧 volume reduction 体积缩小 anaerobic 厌氧硝化
中英互译短语 Biological degradation 生化降解 equalization basin 调节池 aeration basin 曝气池
sludge blocs 污泥絮体 settling tank 沉淀池 dissolved oxygen 溶解氧
suspended-growth 悬浮生长 pulverized refuse 垃圾破碎 biofilm 生物膜
well-compacted landfill 压实填埋场 nutrient source 营养源 mass-burning 大量燃烧
fluidized fed incarceration 硫化床燃烧法 soil conditioners 土壤改良剂
温室效应 greenhouse effect 由 CO2引起的 caust by CO2 世界碳预算 the world carbon budget 天气自然波动 natural fluctuations 全球变暖 global warming 厌氧的 anaerobic 腐烂 Putrefied 甲烷 methane 臭氧层 ozone layer 气候模型 climatic model 正常浓度 :normal concentration 严重污染物 :heavily polluted 决定因素 :determining factor 光化学氧化物 :photochemical oxidants 液体微滴 :liquid particulates 含硫的 :sulfur-containing 放射性物质: radioactiue substance 汽车尾气 :automobile exhaust wet oxidation 湿式氧化
1、 Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us; that which we can see, hear, touch, smell, and taste . 环境是我们周围的物理和生物环境,我们可以看到、听到、接触到、闻到和品尝到的。
2、 Pollution can be defined as an undesirable change in the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of the air, water, or land that can harmfully affect the health, survival, or activities of humans or other living organisms 污染可以定义为大气、水或者土壤在物理、化学或者生物方面
的特征所产生的不愉快的变化,它对人类的健康、生存和活动或者其他的有机体都产生了有害的影响 。
3、 Two examples of interaction between systems that cause major environmental disturbances are presented-the buildup of atmospheric carbon dioxide, a global problem, and the acid rain problem, normally of regional nature 目前大气中二氧化碳的增多,是一个全球性的问题,还有酸雨问题,一般来说它都具有一
定的区域特性,这就是两个关于系统之间的相互联系而产生重大环境问题的例子。
4、 With these improvements, however, have come disturbing side effects, such as lost arable land, disappearing forests, environmental pollution, and new organisms resistant to controls. 经过这些进步,尽管还是有一些破坏性的影响,例如耕地、森林的消失,环境的污染和新的生物反抗的控制