剑桥雅思新编听力原文

剑桥雅思7听⼒原⽂加翻译剑桥雅思7听⼒中英⽂双语Text 1⽂本1Section 1第⼀节Man: Hello,this is Land Transport information at toronto Airport.男:你好,我是⼟地在多伦多机场运输信息。

Woman: Oh,good morning,I’m flying to toronto Airport⼥⼠:噢,早上好,我是飞到多伦多机场next week, and I need to get to a town called um,Milton. Cpould you tell me how I can get there? 下周,我需要得到⼀个名为嗯,弥尔顿。

Cpould您告诉我怎么到那⾥?Man: Milton,did you say? Let me see. I think that’s about 150 miles south-west of here . In fact it’s 147 miles to be exact, so it’ll take you at least –say ,three to four hours by road.男:弥尔顿,你刚才说什么?让我看看。

我认为这是西南约150英⾥。

事实上147英⾥是准确的,所以需要你——⾄少三到四个⼩时的路。

Woman: Wow! Is it as far as that?⼥:哇!那么远吗?Man: yes,I’m afraid so. But you have a number of options to get y ou here and you can always rent a car right hereat the airport,of course.男⼈:是的,恐怕是这样的。

但你有多种选择,你可以租⼀辆车于此机场,当然可以。

Woman: Right. Well, I don’t really want to drive myself ，so I’d like more information about public transport.⼥⼈:是的。

Text 1Section 1Man: Hello,this is Land Transport information at toronto Airport.Woman: Oh,good morning,I’m flying to toronto Airportnext week, and I need to get to a town called um,Milton.Cpould you tell mehow I can get there?Man: Milton,did you say? Let me see. I think that’s about 150 miles south-west of here .In fact it’s 147 miles to be exact, so it’ll take you at least –say ,three to four hours by road.Woman: Wow! Is it as far as that?Man: yes,I’m afraid so.But you have a number of options to get you here and you can always rent a car right hereat the airport,of course.Woman: Right. Well, I don’t really want to drive myself ，so I’d like more information about public transport.Man: Ok.In that case the quickest and most comfortable is a cab and of course there are always plenty available.But it’ll cost you.you can also take a greyhound bus or there’s an airport shuttle Service to Miiton.Woman: Hummm, I think for that kind of distance a cab would be way beyond my budget. But the bus sounds OK.Can you tell me how much that would cost? Man: Sure. Let’s see. That wold be $15 one way,or $27.50 return. That’s on the Greyhound.Woman:Oh,that’s quite cheap-great!.but whereabouts does ie stop in Milton?Man: It goes directly from the airport here to the City Centre and it’s pretty fast.But you have to bear in mind that there is only one departure a day, so it depends what time your flight gets in.Woman: Oh,of course. Hang on, we’re due to get there at 11:30 am.Man: Hmmm, too bad, the bus leaves at 3:45, so you would have quite a wait – more than 4 hours.Woman:Oh,I see. Well, what about the shuttle you mentioned?Man: OK. That’s the Airport Shuttle that will take you from the airport right to your hotel or private address. It’s a door-to-door service and it would suit you much better,because there’s one every two hours.Woman: So how much does that cost?Man: Let’s see. Yeah, that’s $35 one way, $65 return, so I guess it’s a bit more expensive than the Greyhound.Woman:Oh, that doesn’t sound too bad.especially if it*ll take me straight to the hotel. Man:But you do need to reserve a seat.Woman:OK. Is it possible to make a booking right now? Through you?Man:Sure.Man: OK.I just have to fill this form out for you. So what date do you want to book this for?Woman:The 16th of Octobler –oh,no,sorry.that’s my departure date. I arrive on the 17th, so book it for then,please.Man: So, That’s the Toronto Airport Shuttle to Milton.And this is for just one person or…?Woman: yes, just me, please.Man:Right. And you said your excepted time of arrival was 11:30? So if I book your Shuttle for after 12:00- let’s say, 12:30 that should give you plenty of time to, you know, collect your baggage maybe grab a coffee?Woman:Yeah, that sounds fine, as long as we land on time!Man: Well,we’ll take you flight details so you don’t need to warry too much about that. Now. what about the fare? What sort of ticket do you want? One way or…？Woman:Yes,that’ll be fine, provided I can book the return trip once I’m there.Man:No problem – just allow a couple of days in advanced to make sure you get a seat. And what’s you name, please?Woman:Janet, Janet Thomson.Man:Is that Thompson spelt with a “p”?Woman: No,it’s T-H-O-M-S-O-N.Man: OK,And you’ll be coming from t he UK? What flight will you be travelling on? Woman:Oh, it’s Air Canada flight number AC936, from London Heathrow.Man:Right. Now,do you know where you’ll be staying? We need to give the driver an address.Woman:yes, it’s called the Vacation Mote-and I thi nk it’s near the town centre.Anyway, the address is 24 Kitchener Street- that’s kitchener street.Man: That’s fine. Right. So that’s $35 to pay please. Have you get your credit card number there？Woman:Yes, it’s a VISA card ,and the number is 3303 8450 2045 6837Man: OK，well,that seems to be everything .have a good trip and we’ll see you in Toronto next week.Woman:yes, bye-ok, thanks for your help!Section 2Thank you all for coming to my talk this evening. It’s nice to see many people in the audience . For those of you who don’t know very much about PS Camping , let me start by giving you some background information about the company.The company started twenty-five years ago. It actually opened as a retail chain selling camping equipment and then twenty years ago, it bought a small number of campsites in the UK ,and began offering camping holidays. The company grew rapidly and has been providing holidays in continental Europe for the last fifteen years.If you book a camping holiday with us, you’ll have a choice of over three hundred sites. In Italy we now have some 64 sites that we either own, or have exclusive use of France is where we have the majority of sites, and we currently have a project to expand into Switzerland. We also have a number of sites in Northern Spain, particularly in the mountainous region of picos de Europa. We’ve upgraded all these Spanish sites, and improved them considerably from their original three-star ratingWe believe our holidays offer superb facilities for the whole family. Parents who want their children to be fully occupied for all or part of the day can take advantage of our children’s activities. These are organised by our well-qualified and enthusiastic staff. Each day kicks off a sports match, perhaps football, or volleyball, followed by an hour of drama for everyone. This may include singing or dancing, mime or other activities. In the afternoon, there’s a different art activity for each day of the week including a poster competition or model making. What’s mor e, our sites are truly child-friendly, and, with this in mind, we operate a no-noise rule in the evenings. Children’s evening activities usually finish at 9:30, or occasionally 10, and from 10:30 holiday-makers are expected to be quiet in the areas where there are tents.We want nothing to go wrong on a PS Camping holiday, but if it does, we also want all customers to be insured. If you haven’t organised an annual insurance policy of your own you’ll need to take out the low-cost cover we offer and we require that you arrange this when you take your holiday reservation.There are many advantages to choosing PS Camping, and to recommending it to others. As a regular customer. You’ll be kept informed of special offers. And your friends can benefit from ten per cent off their holiday, or book a luxury tent for the price of a standard one. In return, we’ll send you a thank-you present, which you can choose from a list of high-quality items.When it comes to our tents, these are equipped to the highest standard. We really do think of every essential detail, from an oven and cooking rings fuelled by bottled gas, to mirrors in the bedroom areas. If you don’t want to cook indoors, you can borrow a barbecue if you ask in advance for one to be made available, and there’s even a picnic blanket to sit on outside your tent. Inside, a box of games and toys can be found, and children’s tents can be hired if required, All tents have a fridge, and if you want to spend the day on the beach, for example, ask for a specially designed PS Camping cool box, which will keep your food and drinks chilled. There are excellent washing facilities at all our sites, with washing machines and clothes lines in the central areas, along with mops and buckets in case your tent needs cleaning during your stay. All sites have a cafe and/or a shop for those who’d rather ‘eat in’ than dine at a local restaurant.Section 3Tutor:Well, you’ve both been looking at different styles of managing individuals，in companies and the workplace. How’s the research going,philip?Philip:Well, I’ve been looking at why individualism, I mean individual difference, are such an important area of management studies. When you think about any organization, be it a family business or a multinational company, they are all fund amentally a group of people working together. But it’s what these individuals contribute to their pleases of work that makes you realize how important they are. Of course they bring different ideas, but it’s also their attitudes and their experiences of learning. Diversity is important in these areas too.Tutor:So why do people behave so differently from one another at work?Philip:There are lots of reason but research has shown a lot of it comes down topersonality. And the other factor is gender. It’s a well known fact that men and women do lots of things in different ways, and the workplace is no different.Tutor:Did you look at the effects of this variation on companies?Philip:Yes, I did. On the positive side, exposure to such diversity helps encourage creativity which is generally an asset to a company. But unfortunately individual difference are also the root of conflict between staff and they can lead to difficulties for management, which can sometimes be serious.**********************************************Tutor:Thanks,philip. So now I guess the two main things to remember here are to identify individual talent and then to utilize it. So Janice, you were looking at identifying different talents in workers Do you think this is easy for managers to do? Janice:Well,currently teamwork is in fashion in the workplace and in my opinion the importance of the individual is generally neglected. What managers should be targeting is those employees who can take the lead in a situation and are not afraid to accept the idea of responsibility.Tutor:That’s true. Janice but unfortunately many managers think the entire notion of encouraging individuality amongst their staff is far too hard.Janice:Yes. That may be true but I think one of the most important tasks of managers is to consider the needs of the individual on one hand and group co-operation and conformity on the other. It requires creative thinking on the part of management to avoid tension.Tutor:So Janice, what kind of people do you think companies should be looking for? Janice Well, it has to start from the very beginning when companies are looking for new employees. When the personal department is choosing between applicants they need to look for someone who’s broken the mould and can think for themselves. Instead, people making these decisions often ues a range of psychological tests to see if a person is a problem solver, or will do as they’re told. I’m not convinced these qualities are actually the most important.Tutor:So do you think being a good team player is overrated?Janice No,it’s not overrated. You do need to learn the rules and learn them fast. No individual can get around this if you’re working in an organization.Tutor:So how should managers deal with this?Janice Rewards. When an individual demonstrates, the behaviour the organisation expects, some kind of incentive can be given. What’s important here is that this happens right at the beginning so new recruits learn the rules of the system immediately. Also the incentive should be something the individual actually wants, and this isn’t always just money。

Text 1Section1W: Good evening. King's restaurant.M: Good evening. I'm ringing about the job I understand you have vacant? W: Oh, yes.M: I'd like to find out a few more details if I may.W: Yes, of course. Can I take your name?M: It's Peter Chin.W: Ok, Peter. Well, if you want to ask about the job and then if we're both still interested, we could arrange you to come for an interview.M: Great, thanks. I'm afraid I missed the advert for the job but I heard about it from a friend.W: That's no problem at all. What would you like to know?M: Well, um, what sort of work is it- washing up?W: It's answering the phone.M: Oh, right, fine.W: And not waiting at table.M: That'll be good. And how many nights a week would it be?W: Well, we're really only busy at the weekend.M: So two nights?W: Three actually, so it would work out 12 hours a week.M: That'd be fine. It wouldn't interfere with my studies.W: Are you in the university?M: Yes, first year Physics student.W: Oh, rightM: Because I'm not an EU national, would I need a work permit?W: Yes, you would. Just get you tutor to sign it.M: That wouldn't be a problem if I were to get the job. Um, where exactly is the restaurant?W: Well, we have two branches- the one we're recruiting for is in Hillsdunne road.M: Em, I don't know that. How do you spell it, please?W: It's H-I-double L-S-D-U- double N-E Road.M: Got that, thanks. Is it near a bus stop?W: Yes, the nearest one would probably be just beside the library.M: Oh, yes, I know it. That'll be fine for me. And could I ask about the pay? W: We're offering 4.45 pounds an hour.M: That's very good. My last job was 3.95 an hour.W: We feel it's pretty good and we also offer some good fringe benefits(附加福利).M: Really?W: Well, we give you a free dinner, so you eat well.M: Right. Better than hostel food.W: We certainly hope so. And we also offer extra pay for working on national holidays.M: Oh, that's a really good perk(额外收入), isn't it?W: Yes, we think so. And then because of the difficulties of getting public transport, if you're working after 11 o'clock, we drive you home.M: Oh, that's good to know.W: We'd certainly be interested in inviting you for an interview, if you're still interested?M: Oh, yes, certainly. Could I just also ask what qualities you're looing for? W: Well, for this particular job, we want a clear voice, which you obviously do haveM: Thanks.W: And you must be able to think quickly, you know.M: Well, I hope I'd...W: So, when could you come in for an interview. We're actually quite quiet tonight?M: Sorry, I couldn't come tonight or tomorrow, I'm afraid. Thursday is ok, that'd be 22nd of October.W: Fine, after 5 pm?M: Yes, fine. Would 6 o'clock be ok?W: Perfect. And could you bring along the names of two referees?M: Yes, that's fine. No problem.W: Good, I look forward to seeing you.M: Oh, by the way, who should I ask for?W: Oh, yes, of course, sorry. My name is Samira ManujaM: Can you spell that please?W: M-a-n-u-j-aM: Ok, I've got that. Thank you very much.W: Look forward to seeing later ...Section2M: Now we go to Jane who is going to tell us about what's happening in town this weekend.W: Right, thanks, Andrew, and now on to what's new, and do we really need yet another sports shopping Bradcaster? Well, most of you probably know Sports World- the branch of a Danish sports goods company that opened a few years ago-it's attracted a lot of custom, and so the company has now decided to open another branch in the area. It's going to be in the shopping center to the west of Bradcaster, so that will be good news for all of you who found the original shop in the North of the town hard to get to.I was invited to a special preview and I can promise you, this is the ultimate in sports retailing. The whole place has been given a new minimalist(极简主义者) look with the company's signature colors of black and red.The first three floors have a huge range of sports clothing as well as the equipment. And on the top floor, there is a cafe and a book & DVD section. You'll find all the well-known names as well as some less well-known ones.If they haven't got exactly what you want in the stock, they promised to get it for you in 10 days, unlike the other store, where it can take up to 14 days. They cover all the major sports, including football, tennis, and swimming, but they particularly focus on running and they claim to have the widest range of equipment in the country. As well as that, a whole section of the third floor is devoted to sports bags, including the latest design from the States- If you can't find what you want here, it doesn't exist.The shop would be open from 9 am this Saturday, and if you go along to the opening then you'll have the chance to meet the national 400 meters running champion Paul King, who's coming along to open the shop, and he will be stay around until about the midday to chat to any fans who want to meet him and sign autographs.Then there will be a whole range of special attractions all weekend. There will be free tickets for local sporting events for the first 50 customers, and also a special competition open to all, just answer 15 out of 20 sports questions correctly to win a signed copy of Paul King's DVD 'Spring Tips', while the first person to get all the questions correct gets a year's free membership of the Bradcaster Gym. All entrance will receive a special Sports calendar with details of all Bradcaster fixtures in the coming year.One of the special opening offers is a fitness test- a complete review of your cardiac fitness and muscle tone, actually done in the shop by qualified staff. This would normally cost 30 pounds but is available at half price for this month only. There are only a limited number of places available for this, so to make a booking phone 560341.In addition, if you open an account you get lots more special offers including the chance to try out the equipment at the special opening evenings...Section3Pro: Before we start, Spiros and Hiroko, thanks for coming in today to talk about your recent study experiences and congratulations to you both in doing so well in the first semester exams. I'd like to discuss with you the value of the English for Academic Purposes course you did here last year before starting your university course. Spiros, if I could start with you, what parts of the programme have now proved to be particularly valuable to you?S: I think that having to do a seminar presentation really helped me. For example, a couple of weeks ago in our marketing subject, when it was my turn to give presentation, I felt quite confident. Of course, I was still nervous but because I had done one before, I knew what to expect. Also, I know I was well prepared and I had practised my timing. In fact, I think that in relation to some of the other people in my group, I did quite a good job because my overall style was quite professional.Pro: What about you Hiroko?H: Mmm, that's interesting. In my group, I was really surprised by the way students did their presentations - they just read the notes aloud. Can you believe that? They didn't worry about their presentation style or keeping eye contact with their audience - and I remember that these things were really stressed to us in the course here.Pro: So, how did you approach your presentation Hiroko?H: Well, to speak frankly, I read my notes too. At the time, it was a relief to do it this way, but actually when I had finished I didn't fell any real sense of satisfaction. I didn't feel positive about the experience at all.S: That's a pity. You know although I was pleased with my presentation, I'm not so pleased with my actual performance right now in the tutorials - during the whole semester I've not said anything in our tutorial discussions. Not a word.H: Really, Spiros, why is that? Do the other students talk too much?S: It's partly that, but it's mostly because I have had no confidence to speak out.Their style of speaking is so differen - it's not the style we were used to during the course. There are so many colloquialism（白话，口语，俗话，方言），they not very polite and sometimes they seems to be no order in their discussion. Also they are very familiar with each other, so because they know each other's habits, they can let each other into the discussion. H: You're right, Spiros. I've experienced that too.H: For most of this semester, I've said absolutely nothing in two tutorials. But recently I've been trying to speak up more and I just jump in. And I've noticed an interesting thing. I've noticed that if they thought my point was interesting and new, then the next time they actually asked for my opinion, and then it was much easier for me to be part of the discussion.S: That's great, Hiroko. I hope that happens for me next semester-I'll have to work hard to find some interesting points. What help you to find these ideas?H: I think that one thing that helped me with this was the reading. I've had to do so much reading this semester just to help me to make sense of the lectures. At first I couldn’t understand what the lecturers were talking about, so I had to turn to the books and journals. Every night I read for hours, using the lists of references that were given, and I made pages of notes. At breakfast, I read and read my notes again. This habit has helped me to follow the ideas in the lectures, and it's also given me some ideas to use in the tutorials.S: But I did so much readings anyway- I don't think there's any time left over for anything extra. My reading speed is still quite slow, though I'm much better at dealing with vocabulary than I used to be.Pro: What else do you think we could add to the course program to help with this reading problem?S: Er, there's not really anything because it's my problem. I remember we were given long articles to read. We didn't like that but now I realise that reading those long articles was good preparation for the things I need to read now.Also, in class we regularly had speed-reading tasks to do, and we kept a record of our reading speed, so the teachers were encouraging us to work on that.H: That's true, Spiros, but what we read could have been different. Sometime in the English class I felt frustrated when I had to read articles about the environment or health or education, because I wanted to concentrate on my own field, but we didn't read anything about engineering. So, I think I wasted some time learning vocabulary I didn't need.Pro: But surely this strategies you were taught for dealing with that vocabulary were helpful?H: Yes, but psychologically speaking, I would have felt much better working on reading from my own field. What do you think Spiros?S: Well, I agree. That would have helped my confidence too, and I would have been more motivated. And it was good though that we could work on our own topics when we wrote the research assignments.Pro: Ok, that's move on to writing now...Section4Good afternoon everyone. Well, with some of you will go out on fieldwork it's timely that in this afternoon's session I'll be sharing some ideas about the reasons why groups of whales and dolphins sometimes swim ashore from thesea right onto the beach and, most often, die in what were known as "mass stranding".Unfortunately, this type of event is a frequent occurrence in some of the locations that you'll be travelling to, where sometimes the tide goes out suddenly, confusing the animals. However, there are many other theories about the causes of mass strandings.The first is that the behavior is linked to parasites. It's often found that stranded animals were infested with large numbers of parasites. For instance, a type of worm is commonly found in the ears of dead whales. Since marine animals rely heavily on their hearing to navigate, this type of infestation has the potential to be very harmful.Another theory is related to toxins, or poisons. These have also been found to contribute to the death of many marine animals. Many toxins, as I'm sure you're aware, originate from plants, or animals. The whale ingests these toxins in its normal feeding behavior but whether these poisons directly or indirectly lead to stranding and death, seems to depend upon the toxin involved.In 1988, for example, fourteen humpback whales exclaimed after stranding along the beaches of Cape Code were found to have been poisoned after eating tuna that contained saxitoxin, the same toxin that can be fatal to humans.Alternatively, it has also been suggested that some animals stranded accidentally by following their prey ashore in the confusion of the chase. In 1995 David Thurston monitored pilot whales that beached after following the squid ashore. However, this idea does not seem to hold true for the majority of mass strandings because examination of the animals' stomach contents reveal that most had not been feeding as they stranded.There were also some new theories, which link strandings to hunmans. A growing concern is that loud noises in the ocean cause stranings. Noises such as these caused by military exercises are of particular concern and have been pinpointed as the cause of some strandings of late.One of these, a mass stranding of whales in 2000 in the Bahamas conincided closely with experiments using a new submarine detection system. There are several factors that made this stranding stand out as different from previous strandings. This led researchers to look for a new cause. For one, all the stranded animals were healthy. In addition, the animals were spread outalong 38 kilometers of coast, whereas it's more for the animals to be found in a group when mass strandings occur.A final theory is related to group behaviour, and sugests that sea mammals cannot distinguish between sick and healthy leaders and will follow sick leaders, even to an inevitable death. This is a particularly interesting theory since the whales that are thought to be most social-the toothed whaled- are the group that strand the most frequently.The theory is also supported by evidence from a dolphin stranding in 1994. Examination of the dead animals revealed that apart from the leader, all the others had been healthy at the time of their death.Without one consistent theory however it is very hard for us to do anything about this phenomenon except to assist animal where and when we can. Stranding networks have been established around the world to aid in rescuing animals and collecting samples form those that could not be helped. I recommended John Connor's Marine Mammals ashore as an excellent starting point if you're interested in finding out more about there networks, or establishing one yourself.Text 2Section1M: Good morning. Can I help you?W: Yes. I've been accepted on a course at the university and I'd like to try and arrange accommodation in the hall of residence.M: Yes, certainly. Please sit down. What I'll do is fill in a form with you to find out a little more about your preferences and so forth.W: Thank you.M: So first of all, can I take you name?W: It's Anu Bhatt.M: Could you spell your name please?W: Yes. A-N-U...B-H-A double T.M: Thanks, and could I ask your date of birth?W: 31st March 1972.M: Thank you. And where are you from?W: India.M: Oh right. And what will you be studying?W: I'm doing a course in nursing.M: Right, thank you. And how long would you want to stay in hall, do you think?W: Well, it'll take three years but I'd only like to stay in hall for two. I'd like to think about living outside for the third year.M: Fine. And what did you have in mind for catering? Do you want to cook for yourself or have all your meals provided, that's full board?W: Is there something in between?M: Yes. You can just have evening meal provided, which is half board.W: That's what I prefer.M: Yes, a lot of students opt for that. Now, with that in mind, do you have any special diet, anything we should know about?W: Yes, I don't take red meat.M: No red meat.M: Now thinking about the room itself, we have a number of options. You can have a single study room or you can have a shared one. These are both what we call simple rooms. The other alternative is to opt for a single bedsit, which actually has more space and better facilities. There's about £20 a week difference between them.W: Well, actually my grant is quite generous and I think the bedsit sound the best option.M: Lovely. I'll put you down for that and we'll see what availability is like. Now can I ask some other personal details which we like to have on record? W: yes, of course.M: I wonder if you could let us know what your interests are. This might help us get a closer match for placing you in a particular hall.W: Ummm. Well, I love the theatre.M: Right.W: And I enjoy sports, particularly badminton.M: That's worth knowing. Now, what we finish with on the form is really a list from you of what you priorities are in choosing a hall and we'll do our best to take these into account.W: Well, the first thing is I'd prefer a hall where there are other mature students, if possible.M: Yes, we do have halls which tend to cater for slightly older students.W: Ummm and I'd prefer to be out of twon.M: That's actually very good for you because we tend have more vacancies in out-of-town halls.W: Lucky!M: Yes. Anything else?W: Well, I would like somewhere with a shared area, a TV room for example, or something like that. It's a good way to socialise.M: It certainly is.W: That's it.M: Now, we just need a contact telephone number for you.W: Sure, I'll just find it. It's double 6-7549M: Great, so we'll be in contact with you as soon as possible...Section2Hello, I'd delighted to welcome you to our Wildlife Club, and very pleased that you're interested in the countryside and the plants and creatures of this area. I think you'll be surprised at the variety we have here, even though we're not far from London. I'll start by telling you about some of the parks and open spaces nearby.One very pleasant place is Halland Common. This has been public land for hundreds of years, and what you'll find interesting is that the River Ouse, which flows into the sea eight kilometers away, had its source in the common. There;s an information board about the plants and animal you can see here, and by the way, the common is accessible 24 hours a day.Then there's Holt Island, which is noted for its great range of trees. In the past willows were grown here commercially for basket-making, and this ancient craft recently been reintroduced. The island is only open to the public form Friday to Sunday, because it's quite small, and if there were people around every day, much of the wildlife would keep away.From there it's just a short walk across the bridge to Longfield Country Park. Longfield has a modern replica of a farm over two thousand years ago. Children's activities are often arranged there, like bread-making and face-painting. The park is only open during daylight hours, so bear that in mind if you decide to go there.Longfield has a programme of activities throughout the year, and to give you a sample, this is what's happening in the next few days. On Monday you can learn about herbs, and how they've been used over the centuries. You'll start with a tour of our herb graden, practise the techinique of using them as colour dyes for cloth, and listen to an illustrated talk about their use in cooking and medicine.Then on Wednesday you can join local experts to discover the variety of insects and birds that appear in the evening. We keep to a small number of people in the group, so if you want to go you'll need to phone the park ranger a few days ahead. There's a small charge, which you should pay when you turn up.I'm sure you're all keen to help with the practical task of looking after the park, so on Saturday you can join a working party. You'll have a chose of all sports of activities, from planting hedges to picking up litter, so you'll be able to change from one to another when you feel like it. The rangers will be hard at work all day, but do come and join in, even for just a short while. One thing, though, is to make sure you're wearing something that you don't mind getting dirty to torn.And finally I'd like to tell you about our new wildlife area, Hinchingbrooke Park, which will be opened to the public next month. This slide doesn't really indicate how big it is, but anyway, you can see the two gates into the park, andthe main paths. As you can see, there's a lake in the north west of the park, with a bird hide to the west of it, at the end of a path. So it'll be a nice quiet place for watching the bird on the lake.Fairly close to where refreshments are available, there's a dog-walking area in the southern part of the park, leading off from the path. And if you just want to sit and relax, you can go to the flower garden; that's the circular area on the map surrounded by paths.And finally, there's a wooded area in the western section of the park, between two paths. Okay, that's enough from me, so let's go on to...Section3Pam: Hi Jun. As you know, I've asked you here today to discuss the future of our Self-Access Centre. We have to decide what we want to do about this very important resource for our English language students. So, can you tell me what the students think about this?Jun: Well, from the student's point of view, we would like to keep it. The majority of students say that they enjoy using it because it provides a variation on the classroom routine and they see it as a pretty major component of their course, but we would like to see some improvements to the equipment, particularly the computers; there aren't enough for one each at the moment and we always have to share.P: Well yes, the teachers agree that it is a very valuable resource but one thing we have noticed is that a lot of the student using it, but we think the computers should used as a learning resource, nor for emails. Some of us also think that we could benefit a lot more by relocating the Self-Access Centre to the main University library building. How do you think the students would feel about that, Jun?J: Well, the library is big enough to incorporate the Self-Access Centre, but it wouldn't be like a class activity anymore. Our main worry would be not being able to go to a teacher for advice. I'm sure there would be plenty of things to do but we really need teachers to help us choose the best activities.P: Well, there would still be a teacher present and he or she would guide the activities of the students, we wouldn't just leave them to get on with it.J: Yes, but I think the students would be much happier keeping the existing set-up; they really like going to the Self-Access Centre with their teacher and staying together as a group to do activities. If we could just improve the resources and facilities, I think it would be fine. Is the cost going to be a problem?P: It's not so much the expense that I'm worried about, and we've certainly gotroon to do it, but it's the problem of timetabling a teacher to be in there outside class hours. If we're going to spend a lot of money on equipment and resources, we really need to make sure that everything is looked after properly. Anyway, let's make some notes to see just what needs doing to improve the Centre.Pam: Now, what about the computers? I think it might be a good idea to install some new models. They would take up a lot less room and so that would increase the work space for text books and so on.Jun: That would be great. It is a bit cramped in there at times.P: What about other resources? Do you have a list of things that the students would like to see improved?J: Yes, one of the comments that students frequently make is that they find it difficult to find materials that are appropriate for their level, especially reading resources, so I think we need to label them more clearly.P: Well that's easy enough, we can get that organised every quickly. In fact I think we should review all of the study resources as some of them are looking a bit out-of-date.J: Definitely. The CD section especially needs to be more current. I think we should get some of the ones that go with our latest course books and also make multiple copies.P: Good, now I was also thinking about some different materials that we haven't got in there at all. What do you think of the idea of introducing some workbooks? If we break them up into separate pages and laminate them, they'd be a great resource. The students could study the main course book in class and then do follow-up practice in the Self-Access Centre.J: That sounds good.P: Okay, now finally we need to think about how the room is used. I'll have to talk to the teachers and make sure we can all reach some agreement on a timetable to supervise the centre after class. But we also need to think about security, too. Especially if we're going to invest in some new equipment.J: What about putting in an alarm?P: Good idea. The other thing I'd like to do is talk to our technicians and see whether we could somehow limit the access to email. I really don't want to see that resource misused.J: What about if we agree to only use it before and after class?P: Yes, that would be fine. OK, anway... that's great for now. We'll dicuss it further when we've arranged to...Section4Good morning everyone. Now whether you're going to University to study business or some other subject, many of you will eventually end up working for a company of some kind.Now, when you first start working somewhere you will realise that the organisation you've joined has certain characteristics. And we often refer to these social characteristics as the culture of the organisation- this includes its unwritten ideas, beliefs, values and things like that. One well known writer has classified company cultures by identifying four major types.The first type is called the Power Culture, and it's usually found in small organisations.It's the type of culture that needs a central source of power to be effective, and bucause control is in the hands of just one or two people there aren't many rules or procedures. Another characteristic is that communication usually takes the form of conversations rather than, say, formal meetings or written memos. Now one of the benefits of this culture is that the organisation has the ability to act quickly, so it responds well to threat, or danger on the one hand, and opportunity on the other.But on the negative side, this type of organisation doesn't always act effectively, because it depends too much on one or two people at the top, and when these people make poor decisions there's no-one else who can influence them.And the kind of person who does well in this type of business culture is one who is happy to take risks, and for whom job security is a low priority.The next types if known as Role Culture—that's R-O-L-E, not R-O-double L, by the way, and this type is usually found in large companies, which have lots of different levels in them. These organisations usually have separate departments that specialise in things like finance, or sales, or maintenance, or whatever. Each one is co-ordinated at the top by a small group of senior managers and typically everyone's job is controlled by sets of rules and procedures- for example, there are specific job descriptions, rules for discipline, and so on.What are the benefits of this kind of culture? Well firstly, because it's found in large organisations, its fixed costs, or overheads as they're known, are low in relation to it's output, or what it produces. In other words it can achieve。

Test 1测试1Section 1第一节A:Hi，George! Glad you're back. Loads of people have phoned you.你好,乔治!很高兴你回来了。

很多人打电话给你。

B: Really?B:真的吗?A: I felt just like your secretary!我觉得就像你的秘书!B: Sorry! I went into the library this afternoon to have a look at a newspaper and IB:对不起!今天下午我去图书馆看报纸和我came across something really interesting遇到很有趣的东西A: What? A book ?一:什么?一本书吗?B:No， a brochure from a summer festival - mainly Spanish music. Look， I've got itB:不,一个从夏天的节日——主要是西班牙音乐小册子。

看,我懂了here.在这里。

A: Spanish music? I really love the guitar. Let's have a look. So what's this group 西班牙音乐吗?我真的很喜欢吉他。

让我们看看。

所以这是什么组织‘Guitarrini'?“Guitarrini”?B: They're really good. They had a video Q1with all the highlights of the festival at a他们真的好。

他们有一个视频Q1with所有突出的节日stand in the lobby to the library ， so I heard them. They play fantastic instruments -站在大厅去图书馆,所以我听到他们。

剑桥雅思10听力中英文双语test 1测试1Section 1第一节(1) You will hear a woman and a man talking about the work of library. First, you have some time to look at the questions 1-5.(1)你会听到一个女人和一个男人讨论图书馆的工作。

首先,你有时间看看1 - 5的问题。

You will see that there's an example that has been done for you. On this occasion only, the conversation relating to this will be played first.你会发现有一个例子,已经完成。

在这种情况下,谈话有关这将是第一次玩。

Hello, I'm Mrs. Phillips, the head librarian; you are the new library assistant, aren't you?你好,我是菲利普斯太太,图书管理员,你是新图书馆助理,不是吗?Yes, I'm Robert Hawscow, but please call me Bob.是的,我是罗伯特·Hawscow但请叫我鲍勃。

The woman introduces herself as the head librarian Mrs. Phillips, so the name Mrs. Phillips is been written in.女人介绍自己是头的图书管理员菲利普斯太太,菲利普斯太太的名字被写在。

Now, we should begin. You should answer the questions as you listen, because you will not hear the recording the second time.现在,我们应该开始。

TEST 1 SECTION 1RECEPTIONIST：Good afternoon, Dreamtime Travel。

How can I help you?CUSTOMER: Oh hello. I’m interested in the holidays you offer along the coast near here.RECEPTIONIST：Yes。

We operate several tours up the coast。

Where in particular did you want to go？CUSTOMER: Well, I like the sound of the holiday that mentioned whales。

Was it'Whale Watching'?RECEPTIONIST: Oh, that's our Whale Watch Experience。

lt's very popular and it’s based in a lovely little town with nice beaches.CUSTOMER：Oh right, and how long does it last?RECEPTIONIST：It's two days —that includes four hours’ travel time each way from here。

CUSTOMER: Good，I don't want to be away any longer than that. So is that by coach？RECEPTIONIST：Actually it's by minibus。

We like to keep those tours small andpersonal so we don't take a whole coachload of people. in fact, weonly take up to fifteen people on this tour，although we do run itwith just twelve or thirteen。

Test 1 Section 1Hi gorge, glad you’re back, loads of people have phoned you.Really?I felt just like your secretary.Sorry, I went into the library this afternoon to have a look at a newspaper and I came across something really interesting.What? A book?No. a brochure from a summer festival, mainly Spanish music. Look, I’ve got it here.Spanish music? I really love the guitar. Let’s have a look. So what’s this group guitarriniThey’re really good. There had a video with all the highlights of the festival at a stand in the lobby to the library, so I heard them. They play fantastic instruments, drum and flutes and old kinds of guitars. I’ve never heard anything like it before.Sounds greatOk, shall we go then, spoil ourselvesYes, let’sThe only problem is there aren’t any cheap seats. It’s all one price Well, in that case, we could sit right at the front, we’d have a really good view.Yeah, though I think that if you sit at the back, you can actually hear the whole thing better.Yes, anyway, we can decide when we get there.So will you fill in the form or shall II’ll do it, name, address 48 north avenue west seaDo you remember our new postcode, still can’t remember itJust a minute, I’ve got it written down here. Ws62yh, do you need the phone tooPlease. I’m really bad at numbers01674553242, so let’s book 2 tickets for guitarriniOk, if you’re sure 7.5 each is all right. How do you feel the singerI haven’t quite decided. But I’ve noticed something on the booking formthat might just persuade meWhat’s that thenFree refreshments.ReallyYes, look here, Sunday, 17th of June, singer, ticket 6 pounds includes drinks in the gardenSounds like a bargain to meYes, let’s book 2 tickets for that. So what else, I’m feeling quite keen now, how about the pianist on the 22nd of JuneAnna Ventura, I’ve just remembered that’s my evening class night That’s ok, I’ll just have to go on my own. But we can go to the Spanish dancing and guitar concert together, can’t we?Yes, I’m sure tom and kerry would enjoy that too. Good heavens, 10.5 a ticket. I can see we’re going to have to go without food for the rest of the week. We’ll need to book 4Wish we were students. Look, children, students and senior citizens get a 50% discount on everythingIf onlySection 2Hello, and thank you for asking me to your teachers’meeting to talk about the dinosaur museum and to tell you a bit about what you can do with your students there.Well let me give you some of the basic information first. In regard to opening hours, we are open everyday of the week from 9 am to 8 pm except on Mondays when we close at 1.30 pm. And in fact the only day in the year when we’re closed is on the 25th of December. You can book a guided tour for your school group any time that we’re open.If you bring a school group to the museum, when you arrive we ask you to remain with your group in the car park, one or more of the tour guides with welcome you there and brief you about what the tour will be about. We do this there because our entrance is quite small and we really haven’t got much room for briefing groups in the exhibition area.As far as the amount of the time you’ll need goes, if you bring a school group you should plan on allowing a minimum of 90 minutes for the visit, this allows 15 minutes to get on and off the coach, 45 minutes for the guided tour and 30 minutes for after-tour activities.If you’re going to have lunch in the museum, you will of course have to allow more time. There are 2 cafes in the museum with seating for 80 people. If you want to eat there, you will need to reserve some seating as they can get quite crowded at lunch time. Then outside the museum at the back, there are tables and students can bring their own lunch and eat it there in the open air.When the students come into the museum foyer, we ask them to check in their backpacks with their books, lunch boxes etc, at the cloakroom before they enter the museum proper. I’m afraid in the past we have had a few things gone missing after school visit, so this is a strict rule. Also some of the exhibits are fragile and we don’t them to be accidentally knocked. We do provide school students with handouts with questions and quizzes on them. There is so much that students can learn in the museum and it’s fun for them to have something to do. Of course they’ll need to bring something to write with for these. We do allow students to take photographs, for students who are doing projects, it’s useful to make some kind of visual record of what they see that they can add to their reports. And finally, they should not bring anything to eat into the museum or drinks of any kind.There are also a few things the students can do after the tour. In the theatrette on the ground floor, there are continuous screenings of short documentaries about dinosaurs which they can see at any time. We used to have an activity room with more interactive things like making models of dinosaurs and drawing and painting pictures, even hunting for dinosaur eggs, but unfortunately the room was damaged in a bad storm recently when water came in the roof, so that’s closed at the moment. But we do have an IT center where students have access to CD-roms with a range of dinosaur games. These games are a lot of fun but they also teach the students about the lives of dinosaurs, how they found food, protected their habitats, survived threats, that kind of thing.And I think that’s all I have to tell you, please feel free to ask any questions if you would like to know any…..Section 3Right Sandra, you wanted to see me to get some feedback on your group’s proposal. The one you’re submitting for the geography society field trip competition. I’ve had a look through your proposal and I think it’s a really good choice. In fact, I only have a few things to say about it, but even in an outline document like this, you really have to be careful to avoid typos and problems with layout in the proposal and even in the contents page. So read it through carefully before submitting it, ok?Will doAnd I’ve made a few notes on the proposal about things which could have been better sequenced. As to the writing itself I’ve annotated the proposal as and where I thought it could be improved. Generally speaking, I feel you’ve often used complex structures and long sentences for the sake of it, and as a consequence, although your paragraphing and inclusion of subheadings help, it’s quite hard to follow your train of thought at times. So cut them down a bit, can you?And don’t forget simple formatting like numbering.Didn’t I use page numbersI didn’t mean that. Look you’ve remembered to include headers and footers, which is good, but listing ideas clearly is important. Number them or use bullet points which is even clearer. Then you’ll focus the reader on your main points. I thought your suggestion to go to the Navajo tribal park was a very good idea.I’ve always wanted to go there. My father was a great fun of cowboy films and the wild west, so I was subjected to seeing all the epics, many of which were shot there. As a consequence it feels very familiar to me and it’s awesome both geographically and visually. So it’s somewhere I’ve always wanted to visit. The subsequent research I did and the online photographs made me even keener.Interesting, right let’s look at the content of your proposal now.Did you find it comprehensive enough?Well yes and no. you’ve listed several different topics on your contents page but I’m not sure they’re all relevant.Well, I thought that from the perspective of a field trip, one thing I needed to focus on was the sandstone plateaux and cliffs themselves, the way they tower up from the flat landscape is just amazing. The fact that the surrounding soft rocks were eroded by wind and rain, leaving these huge outcrops high above the plain. It’s hardly surprising at tourist flock to see the area.Well, yes, I’d agree with including those pointsAnd then the fact that it’s been home to native American Navajos and all the social history that goes with that, the hardships the endured trying to save their territory from the invading settlers, their culture is so rich, all those wonderful stories.Well I agree it’s interesting but it’s not immediately relevant to your proposal, so at this stage I suggest you focus on other considerations. I think an indication of what the students on the trip could actually do when they get there should be far more central, so that certainly needs to be included and to be expanded upon. And I’d like to see something about the local wildlife and vegetation too, not that I imagine there’s much to see. Presumably the tourist invasion hasn’t helped.Ok, I’ll do some work on those two areas as well. But you’re right, there is not much apart from some very shallow-rooted species, although it’s cold and snowy there in the winter, the earth is baked so hard in the summer sun that rainwater can’t penetrate, so it’s a case of flood or drought really.So I understand. Now before we look at everything in more detail, I’ve got a few factual questions for you. It’d be a good idea to include the answers in your finished proposal because they’re missing from your draft.So you mentioned the monoliths and the spires, which was good, but what area does the tribal park cover? Do you know?12000 hectares and the plain is at about 5850 meters above sea level Larger than I expected. Where is the nearest accommodation? That’s apractical detail that you haven’t included. Have you done any research on that?Yes, there is nowhere to stay in the park itself but there is an old trading post called Goulding quite near, all kinds of tours start from Goulding too.What kind of toursWell, the most popular are in four-wheel drive jeeps, but I wouldn’t recommend hiring those, I think the best way to appreciate the area would be to hire horses instead and trek around on those. Biking is not allowed and it’s impossible to drive around the area in private vehicles. The tracks are too rough.Ok, lastly, what else is worth visiting thenThere are several caves but I haven’t looked into any details, I’ll find out about themOk, good, now what I’d like to know.Section 4So welcome to your introductory geography lecture. We’ll begin with some basics. Firstly, what do we learn by studying geography.Well, we learn a great deal about all the processes that have affected and that continue to affect the earth’s surface. But we learn far more than that because studying geography also informs us about the different kinds of relationships that develop between the particular environment and the people that live there.Ok, we’d like to think of geography as having 2 main branches. There is the study of the nature of our planet, its physical features, what it actually looks like and then it’s the study of the ways in which we choose to live and of the impact of those on our planet. Our current use of carbon fuels is a good example of that.But there are more specific study areas to consider too, and we’ll be looking at each of these in turn throughout the semester. These include biophysical geography, by which I mean the study of the natural environment and all its living things; then there is topography that looksat the shapes of the land and oceans; there is the study of political geography and social geography too, of course, which is the study of communities of people; we have economic geography, in which we examine all kinds of resources and their use, agriculture for example; next comes historical geography, the understanding of how people and their environments and the ways they interact have changed over a period of time; and urban geography, an aspect I’m particularly interested in, which takes as its focus the location of cities, the services that those cities provide and migration of people to and from such cities. And lastly we have cartography, that’s the art and science of map-making, you’ll be doing a lot of that.So, to summarize before we continue, we now have a key answer, studying the subject is important because without geographical knowledge we would know very little about our surroundings and we wouldn’t be able to identify all the problems that relate to them. So, by definition, we wouldn’t be in any informed position to work out how to solve any of them.Ok, now for some practicalities. What do geographers actually do？Well we collect data to begin with, you’ll be doing a lot of that in your first field trip. How do we do this? There are several means, we might, for example, conduct a census, count the population in a given area perhaps. We also need images of the earth’s surface which we can produce by means of computer-generation technology or with the help of satellite relays. We’ve come a very long way from the early exploration of the world by sailing ships when geographers only had pens and paper at their disposal.After we‘ve gathered our information, we must analyze it. We need to look for patterns, most commonly those of causes and consequences. This kind of information helps to predict and resolve problems that could affect the world we live inBut we don’t keep all this information confidential, we then need to publish our findings so that other people can access it and be informed by it. And one way in which this information can be published is in the form of maps. You’ll all have used one at some stage of your life already. Let’sconsider the benefits of maps from a geographer’s perspective.Maps can be folded and put in a pocket and can provide a great store of reference when they’re collected into an atlas. They can depict the physical features of the entire planet if necessary, or just a small part of it in much greater detail. But there is a drawback, you can’t exactly replicate something that is 3-dimensional, like our planet, on a flat piece of paper, because paper has only 2 dimensions. And that means there’ll always be a certain degree of distortion on the map. It can’t be avoided. We can also use aerial photographs. Pictures taken by cameras at high altitude above the earth, these are great for showing all kinds of geographical features that are not easy to see from the ground. You can easily illustrate areas of diseased trees, or how much traffic is on the roads at a given time, or information about deep sea beds for example. Then there are landsats. These are satellites that circle the earth and transmit visual information to computers at receiving stations. They circle the earth several times a day and can provide a mass of information. You’ll all be familiar with the information they give us about the weather for example.So what we are going to do now is to look at a short presentation in which you’ll see all…..Test 2 Section 1Good morning, total insurance, judy speaking, how may I help youI recently shipped my belongings from overseas back here in Australia, and I took out insurance with your company, some items were damaged during the move, so I need to make a claim, what do I have to do?Ok, well, first I need to get a few details about this. Can you give me your name pleaseYes it’s Michael AlexanderAnd your address pleaseMy old address or my current oneYour current oneIt’s 24 manly street milperra SydneyWhat was the suburb sorryMilperraWho was the shipping agentYou mean the company we usedYes, the company who packed everything up at the point of originIt was first class moversWhere were the goods shipped fromChina, but the ship came via Singapore and was there for about a week Don’t worry, all of that information will be in the documentation. Now, the date, do you know when the ship arrivedIt left on the 11th of October, and got to Sydney on the 28th of November Ok, I need one more thing, there is a reference number, it should be in the top right-hand corner of the pink form they gave you.Let me have a look, yes, here it is, it’s 601ACKI need to take down a few details of the actual damage over the phone before you put in a full report. Can you tell me how many items were damaged and what the damage wasYes, well, 4 things actually, I’ll start with the big things, my TV first of all, it’s a large one, very expensiveOur insurance doesn’t cover electrical problemsIt isn’t an electrical problem, the screen has a huge crack in it, so it’s unusable.I see, any ideas of the price to repair itNo, well I don’t think it can be repaired, it will need a new one.Ok, I’ll make a note of that and we’ll see what we can doNow what was the second itemThe cabinet from the bathroom was damaged as well, it’s a lovely cabinet, we used it to keep our towels inAnd what is the extent of the damageWell the back and the sides seem ok, but the door has a huge hole in it, it can’t be repaired, I’m really not very happy about itAnd how much do you think it will cost to replace itWell, when I bought it last year I paid 125 dollars for it, but the one I’veseen here in Sydney is a bit more expensive, it’s 140 dollarsRight, what was the third itemMy dinning room table, it’s a lovely table from Indonesia, it must have been very hot inside the container because one leg has completely split down the middle, the top and the other 3 look ok, thank goodnessAny ideas of the price to repair itWell I had an estimate done on this actually because it is a very special table to us, they quoted us 200 dollars which is really pricey, so I hope the insurance will cover the total costI’m sure that will be fine, what was the last itemWe have a lovely set of china plates and dishes, you know, with matching cups, saucers, the lot. They were all in the one box which must have got dropped because some plates were broken, 6 actuallyAnd can you tell me the replacement value of theseWell, it’s hard to say because they were part of a set. But they can be up to 10 dollars each as it is such a good setOk so that would be around 60 dollars altogetherYes that’s rightAnd is that all of the itemsYes so what do I have to do now?Section 2Welcome to green vale agricultural park, as you know, we’ve only been open a week, so you’re amongst our first visitors. We have lots of fascinating indoor and outdoor exhibits on our huge complex, spreading hundreds of hectares. Our remit is to give educational opportunities to the wider public as well as to offer research sites for a wide variety of agriculturists and other scientists.Let’s start by seeing what there is to do. As you can see, here on our giant wall plan, we’re now situated in the reception block, here. As you walk out of the main door into the park, there is a path you can follow. If you follow this route, you will immediately come into the rare breedssection where we keep a wide variety of animals which I shall be telling you a little more about later. Next to this, moving east, is the large grazing area for the rare breeds. Then further east in the largest section of our park is the forest area, south of the grazing area and in fact just next to the reception block is our experimental crop area. In the middle of the park, this circular area is our lake, this 2 small rectangular shapes here are the fish farms where we rare fish for sale. To the east of those is the marsh area which attracts a great many migrant birds, in the southeastern corner, beyond the marsh is our market garden area growing vegetables and flowers.All these areas can be visited by the general public for almost all the year, although, please take note of the large signs at the entrance to each area which tell you when certain areas are being used for particular controlled experiments and are therefore temporarily out of bounds to the public. You can see for yourself what a huge area the park covers and a key question is always how can we move around. Well you have a choice of means. All environmentally friendly, cars are banned in the park, we have bicycles which you can hire behind the reception block, the healthy ones of you can go on foot. And finally there is our electric tram powered from solar cells. You find more information about this at the front entrance.A good place to start on your tour is the rare breeds section. We keep goats, sheep and hens and other kinds of poultry. We are also thinking of bringing cows and horses but we do not, as yet, have facilities for these bigger animals. The animals are fed in public twice a day and a short lecture given on their feeding habits and nutritional needs. These are very popular with the public but of course you mustn’t lose sight of the main purpose of having this section, not as such to preserve rare animals but to maintain the diversity of breeds to broaden the gene pool for agricultural development. Green vale changes with the seasons with different events happening at different times of the year. May will be perhaps our most spectacular month with the arrival of the Canadian geese and when our fruit trees will be in full blossom. But there are interesting events on all year round, for example, john havers, our expert fly fisherman, is currently giving displays on the lake. Each of the sections has its ownseasonal calendar. Please consult the summary board at the main entrance. And the final section, as we return to the reception blocks is the orchard. Do take time to browse round our shop, there is a wide selection of books on wildlife, some of them were written by local authors, and the history of farming, including organic farming, something which the park will be diversifying into in the coming month.Section 3Good morning everyone, in today’s seminar Grand Freeman, a biologist who specializes in identifying insects and who works for the Australian quarantine service, has come to talk to us about his current research work. Right, well over to you GrandGood morning everyone, I’m sure that you know that the quarantine service regulates all food brought into Australia. Well obviously they want to protect Australia from diseases that might come in with imported goods, but they also want to prevent insect pests from being introduced into the country, and that’s where I have a part to play. Anyway, my current research involves trying to find a particular type of bee, the Asian honey bee and finding out whether there are any of them around in various states of Australia. We discovered a few of them in Queensland once and eradicated them. Now we’re pretty keen to make sure that there aren’t any more getting in, particularly to new south wales and other states.What’s wrong with Asian honey bees, are they so different from Australian bees?Well in fact, they look almost the same but they are infested with mites, microscopic creatures which live on them, and which can seriously damage our own home-grown bees, or could even wipe them out.Well, what would happen if Australian bees died outWell, the honey from Australian bees is of excellent quality, much better than the stuff the Asian bees produce. In fact, Australia exports native queen bees to a large number of countries because of this. When theEuropean honey bee was first discovered out in the bush, we found they made really unpleasant honey and they were also too big to pollinate many of our native flowers here in Australia.That must have had a devastating effect on the natural flora. Did you lose any species?No, we managed to get them under control before that happened. But if Asian bees got in, there could be other consequences. We could lose a lot of money because you might not be aware, but it’s estimated that native bees’ pollination of flowers in vegetable crops is worth 1.2 billion dollars a year. So in a way, they’re the farmer’s friend. Oh, and another thing is if you’re stung by an Asian honey bee, it can produce an allergy reaction on some people, so they are much more dangerous than native bees.How will you know if Asian bees have entered AustraliaWe’re looking at the diet of the bird called the rainbow bee eater, the bee eater doesn’t care what it eats as long as they’re insects, but the interesting thing about this bird is that we’re able to analyze exactly what it eats, so that’s really helpful if we’re looking for introduced insects. How comeBecause insects have their skeletons outside their bodies, so the bee eaters digest the meat from inside, then they bring up all the indigestible bits of skeleton and, of course, the wings in a pellet, a small ball of waste material which they cough up.Sounds a bit unpleasant, so how do you go about itIn the field we track down the bee eaters and find their favorite feeding spots, you know, the places where the birds usually feed. It’s here that we can find the pellets, we collect them up and take them back to the laboratory to examine the contentsHow do you do thatThe pellets are really hard, especially if they’ve been out in the sun for a few days, so first of all, we treat them by adding water to moisten them and make them softer. Then we pour them apart under the microscope, everything’s all scrunched up but we’re looking for wings, so we just pull them all out and straighten them, then we identify them to see if we can find any Asian bee wingsAnd how many have you foundSo far, our research shows that Asian bees have not entered Australia in any number, it’s a good result and much more reliable than trying to find live ones as evidence of introduced insects.Well, that’s fascinating, thank you for those insights, I hope that you might inspire some of our students here to conduct some similar experimentsSection 4I’ve been doing some research into what people in Britain think of doctors, the ones who work in general practice, the first call for medical care, and comparing this with the situation in a couple of other countries.I want to talk about the rationale behind what I decided to do.Now I had to set up my program of research in 3 different countries, so I approached postgraduates in my field in overseas departments, contacting them by email to organize for me at their end. I thought I’d have trouble recruiting help, but in fact everyone was very willing, and sometimes their tutors got involved too.I had to give my helpers clear instructions about what kind of sample population I wanted them to use. I decided that people under 18 should be excluded because most of them are students or looking for their first job. And also I decided at this stage just to focus on men who were in employment, and set up something for people who didn’t have jobs and for employed women later on as a separate investigation.I specifically wanted to do a questionnaire and interviews with a focus group. With the questionnaire, rather than limiting it to one specific point, I wanted to include as much variety as possible. I know questionnaires are very controlled way to do things but I thought I could do taped interviews later on to counteract the effect of this. And the focus group may also prove useful in future, by targeting subjects I can easily return to, as the participants tend to be more involved.So I’m just collating the results now. At the moment, it looked as if in the UK, despite the fact that newspapers continually report that people are unhappy with medical care, in fact it is mainly the third level of care,which take place in hospitals, that they are worried about. Government reforms have been proposed at all levels and although their success is not guaranteed, long-term hospital care is in fact probably less of an issue than the media would have us believe. However I’ve still got quite a bit of data to look at.Certainly I will need to do more far-reaching research than I had anticipated in order to establish if people want extra medical staff invested in the community, or if they want care to revert to fewer but larger key medical units. The solution may well be something that can be easily implemented by those responsible in local government, with central government support of course.This first stage have proved very valuable though. I was surprised by how willing most of the subjects were to get involved in the project. I had expected some unwillingness to answer questions honestly. But I was taken aback and rather concerned that something I thought I’d set up very well didn’t necessarily seem that way to everyone in my department.I thought you might also be interested in some of the problems I encountered in collecting my data. There were odd cases that threw me. One of the subjects who I had approached while he’s out shopping in town, decided to pull out when it came to the second round. It was a shame as it was someone who I would like to have interviewed more closely.And one of the first-year students I interviewed wanted to reassurance that no names would be traceable from the answers. I was so surprised because they think nothing of telling you about themselves and their opinions in seminar groups.Then one of the people that I work with got a bit funny. As the questions were quite personal, and one minute he said he’d do it, then the next day he wouldn’t. and in the end, he did do it. It’s hard not to get angry in that situation but I tried to keep focused on overall picture in order to stay calm.The most bizarre case was a telephone interview I did with a teacher at a university in France, he answered all my questions in great detail, but then when I asked how much access he had to dangerous substances, he。

Test 2 Section 1Good morning, Senme Museum, can I help you?Oh, yes, good morning. I’m interested in the children’s workshops and I’d like a little more information please.Do you mean the art and craft workshops?A friend of a friend mentioned them that children do painting and make models and so forth.Yes of course, where to begin. First of all, as you probably know they run every Saturday.Fine, and what about ages?All ages from five upward are welcome. And we do ask that children below 8 years of age are accompanied by an adult.Fine, that wouldn’t be a problem. What about cost?Well, I think you'll find them very reasonable. It’s 2.5 a child with 80 pence off for two or more children from the same family.Oh yes, very reasonable. And are they held in the main museum?Not exactly. They are nearby.Could you give me the full address? I don’t know the area very well.Yes, it’s winter house, and that’s in tamer streetCould you spell that please?Lovely.And I do need to tell you that there is a security entrance, so you need to press the green button for someone to let you in, don’t press the red button please, but don’t worry, it's all clearly labelled. Ok, and one more question. Is parking available nearby? We are driving in from out of town. Your best bet is to leave your car at the back of the library. On a Saturday morning, there are plenty of spaces there. It’s right next door to the museum.Can I ask about booking places?Yes, and I must tell you, you really should book by calling the education department here.Oh, I’m sorry. Should I have rung them in stead of the main museum number?No, that’s fine this time. Please don’t worry. But for future reference, I'll give you the direct number. It’s 200765Great, I’ve got that.But I’m very happy to give y ou information about the next two workshops, on Saturday the 16th, there is building castlesOh, sounds greatThis involves quite a bit of glue, so just make sure the kids are in old clothes.I know, ones I don’t mind getting mucky.Exactly. If possible, could you bring a long bottle tops which the children might be able to use in the models? You know, as decoration.We’ll certainly try to find some for you.Then the following weekThat'll be the 23rd, won't it?Yes, that’s right. On that day, it’s what we call undersea worlds. This is where they make scenes with fishes, underground caverns and so on.Is that likely to get very dirty, lots of paint splashes?Not really, so we don’t recommend any special clothes for that one. But if you could search outsome silver paper to bring along to use in the sessions, you know, it's shiny, it looks like water, that’d be great.Yes of course. We’ll see what we can come up with. Well thank you ever so much for all your help, the sessions sound really good and I’ll certai nly book up for the next 2.lovely, thanks very much for ringing.Section 2Hello, my family and I are staying here in triberch for a week or two, and we wanted to know about the train services. We're hoping to do a few local tripsOk. I can give you lots of details about all the trains going from triberch in the southwest. This leaflet will be very helpful but I’m can tell you some of the main things. We’ve got 2 main train stations in the town, the king street is for local commuter lines and regional services.What about trains to London? I’ll need to go there on business for one day.Then you need to go to central station, that’s for all the national services. There are regular trains to London. They leave triberch every 0.5 hour on weekdays and every hourat weekends. It takes about 2 hours, a bit longer on Sundays. You’ve got a choice of first and second class and there’s a buffet car, though refreshments are included in the cost of a first class ticket.Have you got any information on different ticket types?Yes, there is a range of ticket prices depending on when you travel and when you buy your ticket. There is a standard open ticket which doesn’t have any restrictions, this can be bought in advance or on the day. You could also get various discounted tickets, a popular one is called super save, and this is OK for travel after 8.45. Then that is the special ticket which is valid for travel after 10.15, the special tickets are also valid for travel at weekends. The cheapest tickets are called advance and you have to buy them at least 6 days ahead, only a certain number are available and you have to make seat reservation for these.Thanks, are there lots of places to go to around here?Oh yes, you could enjoy many days out. There is merthyr mining museum, which is only half an hour from triberth by train, your children will find it just as fascinating as any theme park. And they can ride in the original miners’ lifts and on the coal trains. There are special excursion tickets which include entrance fees. Mainline trains also offer direct services to Bristol where you can visit the docks and spend a great day out with the children in the zoo which is set in the parkland that used to surround the old castle. Special family away day fares are available for this service now during the school holidays. Alternatively, you can be in Birmingham in only 1.5 hour, where there‘s lots to see and do including the new and internationally-acclaimed climbing wall built on the site of the old aquarium. We will also be running a special service to new port when the new science museum opens next year, as we anticipate a lot of visitors in the opening week. I’d advise you to call early to book your tickets. Is that ok?Yes thanks.Section 3Hello sandy, have you been getting on with your dissertation?Fine, and I’ve been working hard on the various action points we agreed on our last tutorialDo you want to talk me through what you’ve done?Yes sure, well, we’ve agreed on 3 main targets for me to aim for. The first one was to find out about suitable data analysis software. And what I decided to do was to look through 3 catalogues specialising in IT.That's a good idea. What did you come up with?I found the names of two promising ones. But I also thought it’d be worthwhile talking to a lecturer.Oh, right, who did you see?Jane Prince. Do you know her? She is in the computer centreYes, of course, she is the new head.She was very helpful.Did she suggest anything in particular?Yes, she recommended software called VIV A T, and said I should book up for a couple of practice sessions using VIV ATGreat, I’m sure you'll find them useful.And of course, and the second target was to draw up a survey checklistYes, you emailed me it last weekHave you had a chance to look?Of course. I th ink it’s good, very much on the right lines. I’d say your first two sections are spot on, I wouldn’t suggest that you change any there but in section 3 you really do need to have questions on teaching experience.I was thinking that section looked a bit short. And my third target was do further reading on discipline.I mentioned a couple of writers, didn’t I?Yes, well I got hold of the banagy, I thought that was excellent but I’m afraid I didn’t manage get hold about the essays about classroom management. You know the ones by Simon, the bookshop said it was out of print and the library doesn’t have a copy.I’m afraid I have lent my copy to another student. What I suggest you do is to try the library again. This time apply for it through the service called special loans. Have you done that before? You’re entitled to 6 books a year.Yes, no problem, that’s what I will doSo, lots of useful work done.So let’s look at some new targets. We’ll start by having a chat about your chapter 1, I very much enjoyed readi ng it. Your written style is very clear and you’ve included lots of interesting descriptions of education in your target area. I’ve just got a couple of suggestions for some additional work.Of course. Could I just ask what do you think I should call it?W ell, I’d go for something like context review. What do you think?Well, short and to the point.Exactly. Now, as regards specific areas to work on, I’d be quite interested to have a few more statistics about the schools in the different zones.Oh, that wou ldn’t be a problem; I can get them from the internet.Great. And although you did make a reference to quite a few different writers, I think you should aim to cite more works written later than 2000.Ok, that's more difficult, but I can try. When do you want that done by?Oh, that's not urgent, I should aim for the end of term. But in the meantime, I think you should also be thinking about chapter 2.Should I be drafting it already?No but I think you should note done its main sections.Yes. You know I always find that the hardest partI always find it helpful to put some ideas on the index cards and you can sort them and even lay them out on the floor. It’s a real help.Also I’ll certainly try it. When would the deadline be for that?My advice would be to get it down before you embark upon the research. You could always change it later if you need to.Section 4Many believe that the story first began in America in 1877 when 2 friends were arguing over whether a horse ever had all 4 feet or hooves off the ground when it galloped. To settle the bet, a photographer was asked to photograph a horse galloping.And the bet was settled because you could see that all the hooves were off the ground in some of the photos. What was even more interesting was that if the photos were shown in quick succession the horse looked like it was running. In other words, moving pictures.The person who became interested in taking the moving pictures to its next step was the famous American inventor Thomas Edison. Actually, he didn’t do the work himself but rather asked a young Scotsman in his employ to design the system, which he did. Now, this young fellow was clever, because the first thing he did was study other systems, primitive as they were, of moving pictures. And then put all the existing technologies together to make the first entire motion picture system. He designed a camera, a projection device and a film.The system was first shown in New York in 1894 and was really very popular. Apparently, people lined up around the block to see the wonderful new invention. There were, however, a couple of problems with the system. The camera weighed over 200 kilograms and only one person at a time could see the film.Well now, news of the new system in America travelled fast. And a number of rival European systems started to appear once people had heard about it. The single problem with all the systems was they couldn’t really project the film onto a screen. You know, so more than one person could see it. Then in 1895, 3 systems were all developed more or less the same time and independently of each other. I guess the most famous of these was by the Lumiaire brothers from France, and they called their system the cinematograph, which of course is where the word cinema comes from.There were also 2 brothers in Germany who developed a successful system and they called it a bioskop. Well now. once the problem of projection had been solved, the next challenge for the inventors was to make the films longer and more interesting. A continuing problem at the time wasthat the films had a tendency to break when they were being played, a problem which was caused by the tension between the 2 wheels or reels, as they are called, which hold the film. Now this problem was solved by 2 American brothers. They developed the lantham loop which was the simple addition of a third reel between the 2 main reels. And this took all the tension away with the result that the film stopped snapping.So now there was a real possibility of having films of more than 2 or 3 minutes. And this led to the making of the great train robbery, the very first movie made. It only lasted 11 minutes, but was an absolute sensation. And there were cases of people watching the movie and actually fainting when the character fired a gun at the camera. Almost overnight, movies became a craze, and by 1905, people in America were lining up to see movies in store theaters as they were called then.I guess the next big step in terms of development of technology was to have people actually talking on the film. And the first step towards this was in 1926 when sound effects were first used on a film. It wasn’t until the following year, however, that the first talkie as they were called then was made. This film featured actors speaking only during part s of the film and was called the jazz singer. And it wasn’t until 1928 that the first all-talking film was produced, and this was called the lights of New York. Unfortunately that the sound on this early film was not very good and I believe they put subtitles on the film, that is, they printed the dialogue along the bottom of the film to compensate for this poor sound quality, now with the addition of sound moving picture became far more difficult to ....Test 3 Section 1Good morning, I'd like to open a bank account please.Certainly, if you’d like to take a seat, I'll just get some details from you. It won't take long. ThanksIs it a current account or a deposit account you wanted?A current accountRight, I've got the application form here then. We have d ifferent types. I see you’ve got our leaflet there.I’d decided on the one called select.Right, that's fine. So first of all, can I have your full name please?Yes, it’s Pieter HenesAnd what’s your date of birth please?The 27th of the 1st 1973Right, and will this be a joint account?No, just myself.Ok. Fine, and where are you living Mr Henes?15 riversideIs that all one word?YesExeter?YesHow long have you been at your present address? Is it more than 2 years?Just 2 weeks actually. I only arrived in the country a month ago. I’m from Holland. Oh, that’s fine. But we normally ask for a previous address in that case. Oh, yes, it’s rielsdorf 2 Utrecht. Do you have a daytime telephone number? Yes I think the number of my office is 606295, just a minute, I’d better check, oh no sorry, 616. I’m not used to it yet. Would you like my home number too? Yes please. It’s 796431 Are they both local numbers? Yes. Right, and your occupation? Well, I’m in Britain as a project manager, but that's not my main job. I’m an engineer by profession. I see, I think I'll put that then. It’s shorter. Now we usually ask for a piece of information which we can use to check your identity for security reasons. You know, if you phone us. Like my wife’s first name? Mother’s might be better, it’s less likely to be known. Ok, hers is Siti. It’s Indonesian. Fine, and how much would you like to open your account with? We usually ask for a minimum sum of 50 pounds, that’s about 75 Euros. Well, I’m going to transfer 2000 Euros from my Dutch account, just till I get paid. In fact, I wanted to ask you about that, what’s the best way to do it? It depends which bank you’re with It’s the Fransen bank in Utrecht. Ok, fine, I’ll check that in a minute. If we have links with them, we can do a direc t transfer. But it’s not a big problem either way. Let’s see, how often would you like to receive statements? I haven’t really thought, what’s the usual thing? It's up to you. Some people like them weekly. Oh no, that’s too often. Can I have them sent once a month? Yes, that’s fine. Is there anything else? I was thinking of registering for your internet service at some stage. Oh yes, would you like me to send you information about that? Please, yes. Would you like to receive information about the bank’s oth er services, insurance, loans, anything like that? I don’t think so thanks. That's ok then. And one last thing, if you agree….. Section 2 Welcome everybody to the lovely house and gardens of rosewood, once the home of the famous writer Sebastian George. He bought the house in 1902, although he had first seen it 2 years earlier.At that time, the owner let it out to a tenant, because George was too slow making up his mind to buy it. When it came back on the market, there was no hesitation, and he bought it immediately, for 9,300 pounds, even though the house had no bathroom, norunning water upstairs and no electricity. When he came here, he’d been married for 10 years. During that time, he’d become one of the most famous writers in the English-speaking worl d. His professional success was enormous, but his personal life wasn’t as successful. He was no longer on speaking terms with his brother and had been devastated by the death at the age of 7 of his elder daughter Jessafine. Moving to rosewood allowed the family to start a new life. George regarded rosewood as a pure example of a traditional country house of this part of England and did some of his most successful writing here. The house and its grounds became the family haven and their escape to privacy and quiet. The walls and the mullioned windows were built of the local sandstone. The tiles on the roofs and the bricks of the chimney stack were baked from local clay, and the wooden structures inside came from oak trees which grow around here. Now pleaselo ok at the map I’ve given you of the house and gardens. We’re here at the information centre, follow the path marked with the arrow, and the first area you come to is the orchard on your left. As you go further down the path, there is the kitchen garden on the right, and as you go round the first sharp corner, you will find your left an area where different types of pear tree have been planted as well as some lovely flowers. And this is known as pear alley designed by George himself. Next to this is the greenhouse, where some exotic plants and fruits are grown. Follow the path round the second corner, and on your right you will see the entrance to the mulberry garden with its 500-year-old tree. Past the mulberry garden, follow the path until you reach the front of the house, I suggest you spend a good hour wandering around this lovely building. A guide takes visit groups round every 2 hours. If you would like to purchase any of George’s books or other souvenirs, then leave the house by the side entrance, where you will find our shop which is situated between the house and the garage which contains the magnificent old rolls-royce car which used to belong to George. I expect by this time you may also be in need of a rest and some of refreshment. Most visitors are, so why don’t you visit the tea room on the far side of the garage. If you have time, there is a lovely walk down towards the river Dudwell, for me, that is the best part of the estate. This isn’t on the map, but it is allclearly signposted. You cross the field which spreads along the banks of the river. In spring, this area is well worth a visit. Spend a minute or two watching the water pass by underneath as you cross the footbridge. And then continue along the river walk through the woodland. On a hot summer's day, the trees along this path provide welcome shade, eventually, you come to the water mill, which used to provide the electricity for the house only about 4 hours every evening in George’s time. And finally, for those of you who would like to see stunning views of the surrounding countryside and who are a little bit more energetic, when you return from the mill, take the first turning on your left and climb up the view point, you won’t regret it. Enjoy your visit.。

剑桥雅思5、6、7test1听力原文TEST 1SECTION 1RECEPTIONIST:Good afternoon, Dreamtime Travel. How can I help you?CUSTOMER:Oh hello. I'm interested in the holidays you offer along the coast near here. RECEPTIONIST: Yes. We operate several tours up the coast. Where in particular did you want to go?CUSTOMER:Well, I like the sound of the holiday that mentioned whales. Was it 'Whale Watching'?RECEPTIONIST:Oh, that's our Whale Watch Experience. lt's very popular and it's based in a lovely little town with nice beaches. CUSTOMER:Oh right, and how long does it last?RECEPTIONIST: It's two days - that includes four hours' travel time each way from here. CUSTOMER:Good, I don't want to be away any longer than that. So is that by coach? RECEPTIONIST:Actually it's by minibus.We like to keep those tours small and personal so we don't take a whole coachload of people. in fact, we only take up to fifteen people on this tour, although we do run it with just twelve or thirteen.CUSTOMER:Oh, right. So do you run these tours often?RECEPTIONIST:Well it depends on the time of year. Of course in peak times like the summer holidays we do them every weekend, but at the moment it's usually once a month at most. CUSTOMER:And when is the next one going? RECEPTIONIST:Mmm, let me see. Um, there's one in three weeks' time which is April the 18th, and then we don't have another one until June the 2nd.CUSTOMER: All right, and is April a good time to go?RECEPTIONIST:Pretty good. Though the really good time is later in the year. I have to say though that the whale sighting is only one of the many things offered.CUSTOMER:Really?RECEPTIONIST: Yes. The hotel itself where you stay has great facilities. It's called The Pallisades.CUSTOMER:The Paris what? RECEPTIONIST:No, it's actually The Pallisades, P-A-L-L-I-S-A-D-E-S. It's right on the main beach there.CUSTOMER:Oh, I see.RECEPTIONIST:All of the rooms have nice views and the food is really good there too. CUSTOMER:Oh right.CUSTOMER:And what about the other things? You know, that are included in the price. RECEPTIONIST: Oh, there are lots of things. If you don't want to do the whale watch cruise, your guide will take anyone who is interested either on a bushwalk through the national park near the hotel, and there's no extra charge for that, or on a fishing trip. That's an extra $12 I think.And there's also a reptile park in town - thatcosts more or less the same.CUSTOMER: No, I think I'd prefer whales to snakes.RECEPTIONIST:Yeah. And if you just want to relax you are free to sit by the hotel pool or go down the beach. Oh, and they also have tennis courts at the hotel, but you have to pay for those by the hour. But there are table tennis tables downstairs and they're part of the accommodation package. Just speak to your guide.CUSTOMER: Well that sounds good. So how much is the basic tour price? RECEPTIONIST: At this time of year it's usually around $300 but let me check. Er...oh, it's actually $280.CUSTOMER:And the next tour, are there any places on that one?RECEPTIONIST:HOW many people Is It for?CUSTOMER: These are two of us. RECEPTIONIST: Yes, that should be fine. Can。

剑11-Test 1听力文本SECTION?1Hello?Oh,?hello.?I?wanted?to?enquire?about?hiring?a?room?inthe?Village?Hall,?f or?the?evening?of?September?thefirst.Let?me?just?see...Yes,?we?have?both?rooms?available that?evening. There's?our?Main?Hall-that's?got?seating?for?200people.?Or?there's?the?C harlton?Room...Sorry?The?Charlton?Room?-?C-H-A-R-l-T-0-N.That's?got?seating?for?up?to?one? hundred.Well,?we're?organising?a?dinner?to?raise?money?for?a?charity,?and?we're ?hoping?for?at?least?150people,so?I?think?we'll?go?for?the?Main?Hall.How?much?would?that?cost?Let's?see.?You?wanted?it?for?the?evening?of?September?1st?Yes,?that's?a?Saturday.So?from?6?p.?m.?to?midnight?that'd?be?115?pounds-that's?the?weekend? price,?it's?75?pounds?onweekdays.That's?all?right.And?I?have?to?tell?you?there's?also?a?deposit?of?250?pounds,?which?is?r eturnable?of?course?aslong?as?there's?no?damage.But?we?do?insist?that?this?is?paid?in?cash,?we?don't?take?cards?for?that. You?can?pay?the?actual?rent?of?the?room?however?you?like?though?cash ,?credit?card,?cheque...Oh,?well?I?suppose?that's?OK.So?does?the?charge?include?use?of?tables ?and?chairs?and?so?on?Oh,?yes.And?what?about?parking?Yeah?that's?all?included.The?only?thing?that?isn't?included?is?that...you?said?you?were?organising? a?dinner?Yeah.Well,?you'll?have?to?pay?extra?for?the?kitchen?if?you?want?to?use?that.?I t's?25?pounds.It's?got?very?good?facilities?—?good?quality?cookers?and?fridges?and?so ?on.OK,?well?I?suppose?that's?all?right.We?can?cover?the?cost?in?our?entry?charges.Right.?So?I'll?make?a?note?of?that.Now?there?are?just?one?or?two?things?you?need?to?think?about?before?t he?event.For?example,?you'll?have?to?see?about?getting?a?licence?if?you're?planni ng?to?have?any?musicduring?the?meal.Oh,?really?It's?quite?straightforward,?I'll?give?you?the?details?later?on.And?about?a?week?or?ten?days?before?your?event?you'll?need?to?contact ?the?caretaker,?that's?MrEvans,to?make?the?arrangements?for?entry-?he'Il?sort?that?out?with?you.And?do?I?give?him?the?payment?as?well?No,?you?do?that?directly?with?me.Right. Now is there anything I need to know about what happens during the event?Well, as you'll be aware, of course the building is no smoking throughout.Of course.Now, are you having a band?Yes.Well, they'll have a lot of equipment,so rather than using the front door they should park their van round the back and use the stage door there.You can open that from inside but don't forget to lock it at the end.OK.And talking of bands, I'm sure I don't need to tell you this,but you must make sure that no one fiddles about with the black box by the fire doorthat's a system that cuts in when the volume reaches a certain level. It's a legal requirement.Sure. Anyway, we want people to be able to talk to one another so we don't want anything too loud.Oh, that reminds me, we'll be having speeches-are there any microphones available?Yeah. Just let the caretaker know, he'll get those for you.Right, now when the event is over we do ask that the premises are left in good condition.So there's a locked cupboard and you'Il be informed of the code you need to open that.It's got all the cleaning equipment, brushes and detergent and so on.Right, so what do we need to do after everyone's gone?Sweep the floors I suppose?Well actually they have to be washed not just swept.Then you'll be provided with black plastic bags,so all the rubbish must be collected up and left outside the door.Of course. We'll make sure everything's left tidy.Oh. and I forgot to ask.I presume we can have decorations in the room?Yes, but you must take them down afterwards.Sure.And the chairs and tables should be stacked up neatly at the back of the room. I'll make sure I've got a few people to help me.Section 2Welcome to the Fiddy Working Heritage Farm.This open-air museum gives you the experience of agriculture and rural life in the English countryside at the end of the nineteenth century.So you'll see a typical farm of that period, and like me, all the staff are dressed in clothes of that time.I must give you some advice and safety tips before we go any further.As it's a working farm, please don't frighten or injure the animals.We have a lot here, and many of them are breeds that are now quite rare. And do stay at a safe distance from the tools:some of them have sharp points which can be pretty dangerous, so please don't touch them.We don't want any accidents, do we?The ground is very uneven, and you might slip if you're wearing sandalsso I'm glad to see you're all wearing shoes - we always advise people to do that.Now, children of all ages are very welcome here, and usually even very young children love the ducks and lambs,so do bring them along next time you come.I don't think any of you have brought dogs with you, but in case you have,I'm afraid they'll have to stay in the car park, unless they're guide dogs.I'm sure you'll understand that they could cause a lot of problems on a farm. Now let me give you some idea of the layout of the farm.The building where you bought your tickets is the New Barn, immediately to your right,and we're now at the beginning of the main path to the farmland — and of course the car park is on your left.The scarecrow you can see in the car park in the corner beside the main path, is a traditional figure for keeping the birds away from crops, but our scarecrow is a permanent sculpture.It's taller than a human being, so you can see it from quite a distance.If you look ahead of you you'll see a maze.It's opposite the New Barn beside the side path that branches off to the right just over there.The maze is made out of hedges which are too tall for young children to see over them,but it's quite small, so you can't get lost in it!Now can you see the bridge crossing the fish pool further up the main path? If you want to go to the cafe go towards the bridge and turn right just before it. Walk along the side path and the cafe's on the first bend you come to.The building was originally the schoolhouse, and it's well over a hundred years old.As you may know, we run skills workshops here,where you can learn traditional crafts like woodwork and basket-making.You can see examples of the work, and talk to someone about the courses, in the Black Barn.If you take the side path to the right here just by the New Barn you'll come to the Black Barn just where the path first bends.Now I mustn't forget to tell you about picnicking, as I can see some of you have brought your lunch with you.You can picnic in the field, though do clear up behind you, of course.Or if you'd prefer a covered picnic area there's one near the farm yard:just after you cross the bridge there's a covered picnics spot on the right.And the last thing to mention is Fiddy House itself.From here you can cross the bridge then walk along the foot path through the field to the left of the farm yard.That goes to the house, and it'll give you a lovely view of it.It's certainly worth a few photographs, but as it's a private home, I'm afraid you can't go inside.Right. Well, if you're all ready, we'll set off on our tour of the farm.Section 3OK, Greg, so I finally managed to read the article you mentioned the one about the study on gender in physics. About the study of college students done by Akira Miyake and his team? Yeah. I was interested that the researchers were actually a mix of psychologists and physicists.That's an unusual combination. Yeah. I got a little confused at first about which students the study was based on. They weren't actually majoring in physics —they were majoring in what's known as the STEM disciplines.That's science, technology, engineering and...-...and math.Yes, but they were all doing physics courses as part of their studies.That's correct. So as I understood it, Miyake and co started from the fact that women are underrepresented in introductory physics courses at college,and also that on average, the women who do enrol on these courses perform more poorly than the men.No one really knows why this is the case.Yeah. But what the researchers wanted to find out was basically what they could do about the relatively low level of the women's results.But in order to find a solution they needed to find out more about the nature of the problem.Right. Now let's see if I can remember...it was that in the physics class,the female students thought the male students all assumed that women weren't any good at physics...was that it?And they thought that the men expected them to get poor results in their tests. That's what the women thought, and that made them nervous, so they did get poor results.But actually they were wrong...No one was making an assumptions about the female students at all.Anyway, what Miyake's team did was quite simple — getting the students to do some writing before they went into the physics class.What did they call it?Values-affirmation —they had to write an essay focusing on things that were significant to them,not particularly to do with the subject they were studying,but more general things like music or people who mattered to them.Right. So the idea of doing the writing is that this gets the students thinking in a positive way.And putting these thoughts into words can relax them and help them overcome the psychological factors that lead to poor performance. Yeah.But what the researchers in the study hadn't expected was that this one activity raised the women's physics grades from the C to the B range.A huge change. Pity it wasn't to an A, but still!No, but it does suggest that the women were seriously underperforming beforehand, in comparison with the men.Yes. Mind you, Miyake's article left out a lot of details.Like, did the students do the writing just once, or several times?And had they been told why they were doing the writing? That might have affected the results.You mean, if they know the researchers thought it might help them to improve, then they'd just try to fulfil that expectation?Exactly.So anyway, I thought for our project we could do a similar study,but investigate whether it really was the writing activity that had that result. OK.So we could ask them to do a writing task about something completely different...something more factual?Like a general knowledge topic.Maybe...or we could have half the students doing a writing task and half doing something else, like an oral task.Or even, half do the same writing task as in the original research and half do a factual writing task.Then we'd see if it really is the topic that made the difference, or something else.That's it. Good. So at our meeting with the supervisor on Monday we can tell him we've decided on our project.We should have our aims ready by then.I suppose we need to read the original study — the article's just a summary. And there was another article I read, by Smolinsky.It was about her research on how women and men perform in mixed teams in class, compared with single-sex teams and on their own.Let me guess...the women were better at teamwork.That's what I expected, but actually the men and the women got the same results whether they were working in teams or on their own.But I guess it's not that relevant to us.What worries me anyway is how we're going to get everything done in the time. We'll be OK now we know what we're doing.Though I'm not clear how we assess whether the students in our experiment actually make any progress or not...No. We may need some advice on that.The main thing's to make sure we have the right size sample, not too big or too small.That shouldn't be difficult.Right, what do we need to do next?We could have a look at the time table for the science classes...or perhaps we should just make an appointment to see one of the science professors. That'd be better.Great. And we could even get to observe one of the classes.What for?Well...OK maybe let's just go with your idea. Right, well...Section 4I've been looking at ocean biodiversity, that's the diversity of species that live in the world's oceans.About 20 years ago biologists developed the idea of what they called'biodiversity hotspots'.These are the areas which have the greatest mixture of species, so one example is Madagascar.These hotspots are significant because they allow us to locate key areas for focusing efforts at conservation.Biologists can identify hotspots on land, fairly easily,but until recently, very little was known about species distribution and diversity in the oceans,and no one even knew if hotspots existed there.Then a Canadian biologist called Boris Worm did some research in 2005 on data on ocean species that he got from the fishing industry. Worm located five hotspots for large ocean predators like sharks, and looked at what they had in common.The main thing he'd expected to find was that they had very high concentrations of food but to his surprise that was only true for four of the hotspots — the remaining hotspot was quite badly off in that regard.But what he did find was that in all cases,the water at the surface of the ocean had relatively high temperatures even when it was cool at greater depths,so this seemed to be a factor in supporting a diverse range of these large predators.However, this wasn't enough on its own, because he also found that the water needed to have enough oxygen in it so these two factors seemed necessary to support the high metabolic rate of these large fish. A couple of years later, in 2007, a researcher called Lisa Ballance, who was working in California,also started looking for ocean hotspots, but not for fish what she was interested in was marine mammals things like seals.And she found three places in the oceans which were hotspots,and what these had in common was that these hotspots were all located at boundaries between ocean currents, and this seems to be the sort of place that has lots of the plankton that some of these species feed on.So now people who want to protect the species that are endangered need to get as much information as possible.For example, there's an international project called the Census of Marine Life. They've been surveying oceans all over the world, including the Arctic.One thing they found there which stunned other researchers was that there were large numbers of species which live below the ice sometimes under a layer up to 20 meters thick. Some of these species had never been seen before. They've even found species of octopus living in these conditions.And other scientists working on the same project, but researching very different habitats on the ocean floor, have found large numbers of species congregating around volcanoes, attracted to them by the warmth and nutrients there. However, biologists still don't know how serious the threat to their survival is for each individual species.So a body called the Global Marine Species Assessment is now creating a list of endangered species on land. So they consider things like the size of the population — how many members of one species there are in a particular place and then they look at their distribution in geographical terms.Although this is quite difficult when you're looking at fish, because they're so mobile, and then thirdly the calculate the rate at which the decline of the species is happening.So far only 1,500 species have been assessed, but they want to increase this figure to 20,000. For each one they assess, they use the data they collect on that species to produce a map showing its distribution.Ultimately they will be able to use these to figure out not only where most species are located but also where they are most threatened.So finally, what can be done to retain the diversity of species in the world's oceans?Firstly, we need to set up more reserves in our oceans, places where marine species are protected.We have some, but not enough. In addition, to preserve species such as leatherback turtles, which live out in the high seas but have their nesting sites on the American coast, we need to create corridors for migration, so they can get from one area to another safely.As well as this, action needs to be taken to lower the levels of fishing quotas to prevent overfishing of endangered species. And finally, there's the problem of 'by-catch'.This refers to the catching of unwanted fish by fishing boats —they're returned to the sea, but they're often dead or dying.If these commercial fishing boats used equipment which was more selective, so that only the fish wanted for consumption were caught, this problem could be overcome. OK. So does anyone have any questions...。