考点 定语从句

1 高中英语重要考点解析—— 定语从句 考点一：定语从句结构：先行词+关系词+从句 定语从句——在复合句中修饰、限制名词或代词的从句。 关系词：本身无含义，在从句中充当成分，起连接的作用。 关系代词：who代人，在从句中充当主语；whom代人，在从句中充当宾语；which代物，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语；that既可代人又可代物，在从句中可充当主语、宾语或表语；whose既可代人又可代物，在从句中充当定语；as既可代人又可代物，在从句中可充当主语、宾语或表语。 关系副词：when先行词为表时间的名词，在从句中充当状语；where先行词为表地点的名词，在从句中充当状语；why先行词为表原因的名词，在从句中充当状语。 1.who,whom,whose引导定语从句，在从句中分别作主语、宾语、定语。 Where is the boy who talked to you just now? Where is the boy whom you talked to just now? Do you know the person whose clothes are blue? 2.that,which 引导定语从句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语和介词宾语。 The picture that the artist is drawing is a mountain. This is the game which is popular with children. 3.when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 I never forget the days when I was in the country. 4.where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 This is the primary school where I spent my happy childhood. 5.why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。 The reason why these animals moved to another place is a mystery. 注意：引导定语从句的关系副词，相当于“介词+which”结构。 关系代词与关系副词的判断方法 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。 1.及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要用关系代词； 2.不及物动词后面则要用关系副词； 3.定语从句中缺主语，要用关系代词； 4.定语从句中介词后面缺宾语，要用关系代词。 限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别 1.从标点符号上区分 The student who is tall is named LiPing. LiPing, who is very tall, is dressed in red. The current which is very rapid makes the river dangerous. The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous. 2.从意义上区分 Her brother who is now a senior school teacher always encourages her to go to college. 她那当高中老师的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。（意含：她还有其他哥哥） Her brother , who is now a senior school teacher, always encourages her to go to college. 她哥哥是个高中老师，他总是鼓励她上大学。（意含：她只有一个哥哥） 3.从翻译上区分 The travelers who knew about the floods took another road. 知道发大水的那些游客改道走了。 The travelers ，who knew about the floods， took another road. 游客们知道发了大水，都改道走了。 注意：非限制性通常译成主句的并列句，即独立的两个句子。 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。 2

找出下列句子中的定语从句部分，并指出关系词及在从句中充当的成分 1. Women who drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those who don’t. 2．Mr. Liu is the person whom you talked about on the bus. 3．The girl from whom I received the card was someone I met on holiday. 4. There is no one else she can turn to, is there? 5. We should not spend our money testing so many people, most of whom are healthy. 6. Tom asked the policeman with whom he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident. 7. The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. 8. American women usually identify their best friend as someone with whom they can talk frequently. 9. We went through a period in which communications were very difficult in the rural areas. 10. The two things of which they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair. 11. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, which used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. 12. The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. 13. Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? 14. The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. 15. All that we have to do is to practice every day. (all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything,) any, every, each, few, little, no, some) 16. The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. 17. He is the only person that I want to talk to. (the only, the very, the same, the last) 18. They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school 19. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, whose leading actor is world famous? 20. The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of which were made of small diamonds. 21. He has got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane. 22. We are living in an age when many things are done on computer. 21. The reason why she was admitted by FuDan University was that she was very diligent all the time. 22. Is this the reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? 23. In an hour, we can travel to places which would have taken our ancestors days to reach. 24. Carol said the work would be done by October, which personally I doubt very much.

考点二：准关系代词 as, than, but引导的定语从句 1. Let children read such books as tend to make them better and brighter 2. This is not such an interesting book as you just talked about 3. Such a bad man as he is will be punished 4. She is the same person as came here last Sunday. 5. This is the same watch as I lost while I was doing the sightseeing in Shanghai three months ago. 6. China is not the same country as it used to be. 7. He has as much money as is required. 8. I have as many friends as you (do). 9. He is as advanced a worker as Ms Smith (is). 10. As is known to all, Taiwan is one of the Chinese provinces. 总结：as作为准关系代词,出现在the same ... as, such ... as, 和as ... as等结构中｡这时, as前面通常要有名词; as后面的从句意义上不像是通常的定语从句; as需要在从句中充当一定的句子成分｡ 注意： She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding. She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore.