完整word版选修六语法虚拟语气知识梳理以及多题型练习word文档良心出品

最新虚拟语气解题技巧及练习测试题（word）一、初中英语虚拟语气1．—A student in my class said to me, “if I ______our math teacher, I_____ make math learning easier and more interesting instead of giving the kids much homework to do every day.”A．were, would B．am, will C．was, would D．were, will【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：我班里的一个学生对我说：如果我是数学老师，我会使数学学习更简单有趣，而不是每天给学生许多作业去做。

虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。

其主要有三种结构：1、与现在事实相反若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”2、与过去事实相反若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”3、与将来事实相反若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”。

该句描述的是与现状相反的事实故选A。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

2．If I _______ you, I would say another student could do it better.A．was B．were C．were D．are【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：如果我是你，我会说另一个学生可以把它做得更好。

考查虚拟语气。

根据句意可知“现在事实”相反，此句是虚拟语气，be动词使用were；故选A。

虚拟语气用法小结及相关练习（附答案）一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法 条件句有两类，条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是真实条件句，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。

一类是虚拟条件句。

一类是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况是如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何。

在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。

如: If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。

如拟条件句。

如: : If he had seen you yesterday, yesterday, he he would have asked you about it. it. 如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。

如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。

(事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。

未能问你这件事。

) )1. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。

虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下: 主从句时态虚拟条件句虚拟条件句 主句主句 例句例句 与现在事与现在事 实相反的实相反的 假设假设 If+主语+动词动词 的过去式(be 动词用were) 主语+should, would, could, might+动词原形动词原形 If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you. If I were you, I should seize the chance to go abroad. 与过去事与过去事 实相反的实相反的 假设假设 If+主语+had+ 过去分词过去分词 主语+should, would, could, might + have + 过去分词过去分词 She would have come to enjoy the party if she hadn’t been very busy. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed the exam. 与将来事与将来事 实相反的实相反的 假设假设 ①If+主语+ 动词过去式动词过去式②If+主语+ were to+ 动词原形动词原形 ③If+主语+ should+ 动词原形动词原形 主语+should, would, could, might + 动词原形动词原形 If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday.  2. 错综时间条件句：有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致（表示错综时间的虚拟语气）（表示错综时间的虚拟语气），，这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。

高中英语学习材料***鼎尚图文理制作***一虚拟语气在从句中的用法与练习类别用法例句if引导的条件从句与现在事实相反从句动词：过去式（be用were）；主句动词：should/would/could/might +动词原形If he were here, hewould help us.与过去事实相反从句动词：had +过去分词；主句动词：should/would/could/might +have +过去分词If I had been free, Iwould have visitedyou.与将来事实相反从句动词：过去式/should +动词原形/were +不定式；主句动词:should/would/could/might+动词原形If it should raintomorrow, we wouldnot go camping.其他状语从句as if 引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式They are talking as if they hadbeen friends for years.even if/though 引导的从句, 与现在将来/事实相反:从句动词用过去式,主句动词用should/would +动词原形。

与过去事实相反:从句动词：had +过去分词；主句动词：should/would +have +过去分词Even if they were to fail, theywouldn’t lose courage.宾语从句demand, suggest, order, insist等表命令、建议、要求后的从句中动词（should）+动词原形He suggested that we not changeour mind.wish后的从句中分别用过去式、过去完成式和could/would+动词原形表示与现在、过去和将来情况相反I wish I could be a pop singer.主语从句在It is necessary/important/strange that…, It issuggested/demanded/ordered/requested that…等从句中，谓语动词用（should）+动词原形It is strange that such a personshould be our friends.表语从句和同位语从句作idea, advice, order, demand, request等表命令、建议、要求的词的表语从句和同位语从句，其谓语动词用（should）+动词原形My advice is that you (should)finish your homework first.The idea that you (should) go isright.其他句型中It is time that…句型中动词用过去式或should+动词原形It’s high time that we left.would rather所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式I would rather you stayed athome now.If only句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式，表示强烈的愿望If only our dream had come true!二其他要注意的事项1. 虚拟语气中出现be的过去式，只能用were。

虚拟语气知识点总结和题型总结（word）1一、初中英语虚拟语气1．—I don’t know what to wear at the party.— If I you, I would wear a shirt and a tie.A．am B．is C．were D．was【答案】C【解析】试题分析：if从句的虚拟语气，对于现在的虚拟用一般过去式，be动词都用were,故选C.句意：——我不知道聚会该穿什么。

——如果我是你，我会穿一件衬衫加一条领带。

故选C 考点：if条件句的虚拟语气点评：if条件句的虚拟语气，是中考要求掌握的知识点，分为三种情况：表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用一般过去式（be用were），主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do;2.表示与过去的事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用过去完成时，主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might+have done;3.表将来的事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用should+动词/did/were to do，主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do。

2．If I _______ you, I would say another student could do it better.A．was B．were C．were D．are【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：如果我是你，我会说另一个学生可以把它做得更好。

考查虚拟语气。

根据句意可知“现在事实”相反，此句是虚拟语气，be动词使用were；故选A。

3．If I _______ you, I _______ go there.A．is; will B．is; would C．were; would D．was; will【答案】C【解析】本题考查虚拟语气，if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。

从句用一般过去式，主句用过去将来时。

英语 选修6 Unit 1 & Unit 2语法知识——虚拟语气虚拟语气是通过特殊的谓语动词形式来表达的愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测或建议等语气，它不表示客观存在。

一、虚拟语气在单句中的用法常用来表示祝愿、采用固定的倒装句式。

例如：Long live the People s Republic of China!中华人民共和国万岁！be happy! 快乐！have a good time! 玩得愉快！ succeed! 成功！make progress! 进步！二、虚拟语气在复合句中的用法：1． 在非真实性条件句与主句中的用法如果我是你，我会接受邀请的。

If I had time,I would go there.如果我有空，我就去那儿。

如果你早点来，你就不会错过那辆公共汽车了。

If he had seen you yesterday,he would have returned your book.如果他昨天见到了你，他就会还你的书的。

例如：If it should rain/were to rain/rained tomorrow,the sports meet would be put off.万一明天下雨，运动会就推迟。

（事实上明天下雨的可能性不大。

）_______________________________________________________万一杯子掉下来会打碎的。

May you 祝你4)省略if的条件句在书面语中，非真实条件句中有were, had, should时，可以省略if，而把were, had, should 放在主语前，用倒装结构。

Were it necessary, I might go without delay.如果需要的话，我可以立即去。

（= If it were necessary......）_____________________________________________________你要是听了我的建议，就不会考试不及格了。

虚拟语气练习题精选1. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven.A. must finishB. would be finishedC. be finishedD. must be finished2. She made the demand that the journalists _____ at once ______ Iraq.A. leave; forB. leave; toC. left; toD. to be left; for3. He is talking so much about America as if he _____ there.A. had beenB. has beenC. wasD. has gone4. The young man insisted that he _____ nothing wrong and _____ free.A. did; setB. had done; should be setC. should do; be setD. had done; must be set5. I suggested there ____ be a kind of language all could understand and use ____ .A. can; itB. /; /C. would; itD. may; /6. The suggestion has been made _____ the basketball game _____ put off.A. for; toB. that; beC. which; should beD. to; being7. The order came that the medical supplies _____ to Beijing for the SARS soon.A. would be sentB. should sendC. be sentD. must be sent8. It is important that we _____ wild animals.A. will protectB. should protectC. shall protectD. are protecting9. Had you listened to the doctor, you _____ all right now.A. areB. wereC. would beD. would have been10._____ any change about the date, please tell me immediately.A. Will there beB. Should there beC. There will beD. There should be11. _____ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leave12. Should it rain, the crops _____.A. would be savedB. would have been savedC. will be savedD. had been saved13. You _____ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago.A. wouldB. should haveC. mayD. have14. He treated me as though/as if _____ his own son.A. I amB. I would beC. I wasD. I were15. I _____ you some money, but I hadn’t any on me then.A. would lendB. would have lentC. could lendD. may have lent16. A few minutes earlier and we _____ the rain.A. have caughtB. had caughtC. could have caughtD. were to catch17. --- “Have you ever been to Beijing?”--- “No, but I wish I _____”A. haveB. willC. doD. had18. I’m glad I went over all my notes; otherwise _____.A. I may have failedB. I’d failC. I’d have failedD. I’ll have failed19. --- “What will you do during the summer holiday?”--- “I don’t know, but it’s high time _____ something.”A. I’m decidingB. I’ll decideC. I decidedD. I decide20. What should we do if it _____ tomorrow?A. should snowB. would snowC. snowD. will snow21. If only I _____ my watch!A. hadn’t lostB. haven’t lostC. didn’t lostD. don’t lose22. You _____ such a serious mistake if you had followed his advice.A. may not makeB. might not makeC. shouldn’t have madeD. might not have made23. We _____ the work on time without your help.A. hadn’t had finishedB. didn’t have finishedC. couldn’t have finishedD. can’t have finished24. --- “Where have you been?”--- “I got caught in traffic; otherwise _____ sooner.”A. I would be hereB. I have been hereC. I had been hereD. I would have been here25. If it were not for the fact that you _____ ill, I would ask you to do this right now.A. wereB. had beenC. areD. should be26．Were it not for the snowy weather, we _____ all right.A. would beB. would have beenC. wereD. may be27. _______ more careful, his ship would not have sunk.A. If the captain wereB. Had the captain beenC. Should the captain beD. If the captain would have been28. If he ______ me tomorrow, I would let him know.A. should callB. should not have been ableC. were not ableD. are not able29. If you asked your father, you ______ permission.A. may getB. might getC. should have calledD. maybe get30. _____ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves31. ______I you, I would go with him to the party.A. WasB. Had beenC. Will beD. Were32.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ______all practical value by the time they were finished.A. could loseB. would have lostC. might loseD. ought to have lost33. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he _____ our chairman now.A. must have beenB. would have beenC. wereD. would be34. If you ____ Jerry Brown until recently, you’d think the photograph on the right was strange.A. shouldn’t contactB. didn’t contactC. weren’t to contactD. hadn’t contacted35. ____ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last SundayA. In spite ofB. But forC. Because ofD. As for36. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ____ your adviceA. followB. would followC. had followedD. have followed37. If the horse won today, it ____ thirty races in five years.A. would have wonB. wonC. must have wonD. did have won38. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _______a sudden loud noise.A. being thereB. should there beC. there wasD. there having been39. The board deemed it urgent that these files _____ right away.A. had to be printedB. should have been printedC. must be printedD. should be printed40. Jean Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it _____ in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.A. is to be analyzedB. has been analyzedC. be analyzedD. should have been analyzed41. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I _______ fully occupied the whole of last week.A. wereB. had beenC. have beenD. was42 I apologize if I ____ you, but I assure you it was unintentional.A. offendB. had offendedC. should have offendedD. might have offended43. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d _____ there by now.A. beB. circlesC. is circlingD. be circling44. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ________round the earth.A. were circlingB. circlesC. is circlingD. be circling45. I wish that I ______ with you last night.A. wentB. have goneC. could goD. could have gone46. I wish I _____ with her.A. would beB. amC. wasD. were47. I wish that I _______ the concert last night.A. couldB. have attendedC. could have attendedD. attended48. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I _____ to it.A. had not goneB. have not goneC. did not goD. can not have gone49. “I wish yo u ____ me to put these things away,” he said.A. will helpB. helpC. are helpingD. would help50. If the Watergate Incident ____ Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency.A. did not occurB. had not occurredC. was not occurringD. be circling51. I hadn’t expected James to apologize but I had hoped ______.A. him calling meB. that he would call meC. him to call meD. that he call me52. George would certainly have attended the proceedings _____.A. if h e didn’t get a flat tireB. if the flat tire hadn’t happenedC. had he not had a flat tireD. had the tire not flattened itself53. The teacher suggested that her students _____ experiences with ESP.A. write a composition on theirB. to write composition about theC. wrote some compositions of his or herD. had written any compositions for his54. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ______a Chinese.A. wereB. had beenC. isD. has been55. As usual, he put on a show as though his trip _____ a great success.A. had beenB. has beenC. wereD. was56. Looking round the town, he felt as though he ____ away for ages.A. has beenB. wasC. isD. had been57. John is so strongly built that he looks as if he _____ as elephant.A. liftsB. is liftingC. liftedD. could lift58. He described the town as if he _____ it himself.A. had seenB. has seenC. sawD. sees59. At that thought he shook himself, as though he ____ from an evil dream.A. wokeB. wakesC. would wakeD. had woke60. Most insurance agents would rather you ___ anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation.A. doB. don’tC. didn’tD. didn’t do61. Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, some who have found them wish that they_____ the experience of meeting.A. hadn’tB. didn’t have hadC. hadn’t hadD. hadn’t have62. It is important that the TOEFL office ____ your registration.A. will confirmB. confirmC. confirmsD. must confirm63. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology _____.A. will not have been achievedB. have not been achievedC. would not have been achievedD. had not been achieved64. He told her to return the book in time so that others ____ a chance to read it .A. may haveB. will haveC. would haveD. might have65. It is time that the government ____ measures to protect the rare birds and animals.A. takesB. tookC. has takenD. taking66. Some people are too particular about school records, insisting that every applicant ______all diplomas from elementary school to university.A. hasB. will haveC. should haveD. must have67. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _____ to the meeting.A. would comeB. cameC. would have comeD. had come68. I must say he reads very well, and I sh ouldn’t be surprised if he ____ acting for a living one day.A. had taken upB. takes upC. have taken upD. would have taken up69. If I had seen the movie, I ___ you all about it now.A. would tellB. will tellC. have toldD. would have told70. I hadn’t expected Henry to apologize but I had hoped ____ .A. him t call me upB. him calling me upC. that he would call me upD. that he will call me71. I had hoped that John ______a year in Africa, but he stayed there only for three months.A. spendsB. spentC. would spendD. will spend72. I had hoped that Jennifer ____ a doctor, but she wasn’t good enough at science.A. will becomeB. becameC. would becomeD. becomes73. I’d rather you ____ anything about it for the time being.A. doB. didn’t doC. don’tD. didn’t74. I’d just as soon_______ rudely to her.A. that you won’t speakB. you not speakingC. you not speakD. you didn’t speak75. It’s high time they ____ this road.A. mendB. mendedC. must have mendedD. will mend76. It’s about time people______ notice of what women did during the war.A. takeB. tookC. have takenD. will take77. Everybody has arrived. It’s time we _______ the class.A. shall startB. would startC. had startedD. start78. Mary ____ my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.A. has receivedB. ought to have receivedC. couldn’t have receiv edD. shouldn’t have received79. John did not feel well yesterday; otherwise he _______to see his classmates off.A. cameB. would comeC. would have comeD. should be coming80. He’s working hard for fear that he ____.A. should fall behindB. fell behindC. may fall behindD. would fall behind81. Without the dreams of the youth, this invention might _____ for a century.A. have been postponedB. has been postponedC. postponeD. be postponed82. In the past men generally preferred that their wives______ in the home.A. workedB. would workC. workD. were working83. For a child to give up his less mature idea for a more mature one, it requires that the child______ psychologically ready for the new idea.A. isB. wereC. beD. would be84. Tom’s father, as well as his mother,_____ in New York for a few days more.A. ask him to stayB. ask he to stayC. asks he staysD. asks he stay85. Your advice that______ till next week is reasonable.A. she waitsB. she waitC. wait sheD. she waited86. The board deemed it urgent that these files ____ right away.A. had to be printedB. should have been printedC. must be printedD. should be printed87. It was essential that we _____ lease before the end of the month.A. singB. singedC. had signedD. were signing88. It is appropriate that some time ______thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission.A. devotes toB. devoted toC. is devoted toD. be虚拟语气答案Key: 1-5. CAABB 6-10. BCBCB 11-15. CAABDB 16—20. CDCCA 21-25. ADCDC 26-30ABABC 31-35DBDDB 36-40CABDC41-45DBAD 46-50DCADB 51-55BCAA56-60DDACD 61-65CBCDB 66-70CCBAC 71-75CCBDB76-80BBCCA 81-85ACCDB 86-88DAD26．A．条件句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟。

虚拟语气（一）1 .if引导的非真实条件句中的虚拟语气2 .wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气【即学即练】用括号内所给内容的正确形式完成下面对话。

AMan: I've heard that Pamela made quite a few mistakes in her lab report. Woman: Well, she ________ (not make) them if she ________ (be) in such a hurry to get it done.BMan: Having visited so many countries, you must be able to speak several different languages.Woman: I wish I ________ (can). But English is the only language I can speak.CMan: I wish I ________ (not throw) away that reading list!Woman: I thought you might regret it. That's why I picked it up from the waste paper basket and left it on the desk.Man: Thank you very much.答案【即学即练】A wouldn't have made; hadn't beenB couldC hadn't thrown根据括号内的提示补全下面句子和对话。

1. I think there are too many cars. If there ________ (not, be) so many cars, there wouldn't be so much pollution.2. You're burnt out. If you ________ (go) to bed earlier last night, you wouldn't be so tired now.3. A: Shall we catch the 10:30 train?B: No. If we ________ (catch) the 10:30 train, we might arrive too early.4. A: How was your holiday?B: It was OK, but we could have enjoyed it more if the weather ________ (be) better.5. A: Is Ken going to take the examination?B: No. If he ________ (take) the examination, he would fail.6. Sue: My mother's really angry with me.Pam: Why?Sue: Because she found out I left my job.Pam: Oh, yes. I told her that.Sue: I wish you ________ (not, tell) her. It's none of your business.Pam: I'm sorry.7. Tony: Have you seen James's new jacket? I bet it was expensive.Ann: He told me it cost him￡500.Tony: I wish I ________ (be) as rich as James.Ann: Well, you may not be rich, but you're much happier than James. Tony: Am I?答案1. weren't2. had gone3. caught4. had been5. took6. hadn't told7. were。

虚拟语气讲解语气(mood) 是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。

英语中的语气有三种：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。

直陈语气(indicative mood),表示所说的话是事实。

祈使语气(imperative mood),表示所说的话是请求或命令。

虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。

一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。

真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。

如：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。

Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。

虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。

1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be 的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。

如：If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。

（事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。

表示愿望。

）If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。

（事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。

表示对他的良好印象。

）2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+ have ＋过去分词。