哈工程学术英语练习册
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学术英语练习册
姓名：
学号：
任课教师：
日期：2018
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Training and Practice for English for Academic Purposes
Part I
1. Discuss the following questions.
What are basic principles the researchers must try to follow when they write their research papers?
And would you please list some deadly sins a researcher must avoid when they want to publish a
research paper? What are the main contents of a research paper?
2. Translate the following Chinese introduction into English.
提高起重机生产力和安全性的设备研究
近些年来，就用研究人员对起重机(crane)的研究兴趣与日俱增。起重机种类繁多，从樱桃采摘机(cherry pickers)到巨型塔式起重机(huge tower cranes) ，是建筑工地不可或缺的重要设备之一。由于建筑用起重机工作环境多变(constantly changing working environment), 操作者(operator)责任重大(heavy reliance)。过去几十年里，超重机技术日新月异，但是操作员与其他工种人员配合协作方面的技术发展缓慢。起重机的发展步伐如此迅猛，我们似乎要问，在某些方面，是不是已经超出(outstrip)了人们安全使用的能力？本文旨在探讨如何通过新型设备的引进提高起重机生产力以及提出相关安全性的举措，进而为新型起重机的应用和案例提供新的思路。
3. You are writing a research paper entitled “The Effects of Radiation from the Sun on Life
on Earth”. In your introduction you need to review, in general terms, how the sun supports
life on the earth. Prepare an Introduction section for your paper based on the information
below.
Distance from the earth: 92,976,000 miles
The Sun’s energy comes from nuclear fusion of hydrogen to helium.
Intense radiation, including lethal ultraviolet radiation, arrives at the earth’s outer
atmosphere.
Ozone in the stratosphere protects life on earth from excessive ultraviolet radiation.
The seasons of the earth’s climate results from (1) the 23.30 tilt of the earth’s axis of
rotation from the normal to the plane of the earth’s orbit around the Sun, (2) the large coverage
area of water on the earth (about 75% of the earth’s surface), and (3) the rotation of the earth with
associated generation of jet-stream patterns.
Radiation passing through the earth’s atmosphere loses most short-wave radiation, but
some arriving at the surface is converted into infrared radiation which is then trapped by water
vapor and other tri-atomic molecules in the troposphere and stratosphere, causing global warming.
Life on earth is maintained from photosynthesis and conversion of carbon dioxide to
oxygen by plants.
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4. Translate the following parts of sentences in Introduction into proper English.
（1）过去对……的研究工作说明……
（2）A在1932年做了关于……的早期研究。
（3）文献资料未能证明······
（4）在······方面没有相关的发现。
（5）此类方法的主要缺点是······
（6）尽管它们······，但缺点是：更加复杂，成本高，无法大量供应。
（7）尽管在······方面做了大量研究，但在······方面却少有研究
（8）近年来对······的研究已引起足够关注。
（9）本文讨论了计算……的方法。
（10）本文旨在阐述……
（11）研究结果表明……
（12）本文的组织结构如下。第二部分介绍了……第三部分提出新的设计意义。第四部分得出试验结果证实该理论的结论。
5. Translate the Chinese phrases and sentences in Materials and Methods into English. (Pay
attention to the tenses and voices)
（1） 本次试验的目的是要确定......, 从而为......方面的研究提供坚实的基础。
（2） 实验中采用两组化合物，第组是......, 包含......和......
（3） 实验设备主要包括······
（4） 为解决以上问题，本文运用······理论。
（5） 按以下步骤进行有氧试验。
（6） 本文采用的方法与其他方法相比有以下几点不同。
（7） 与其它方法相比，（本方法）的优点是在······方面更准确。
（8） 90名符合以上所述要求的······参加了本项研究。
6. Prepare a short section of Field Methods on the basis of the following information.
Maps used: Geologic and topographic maps prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and
South Dakota State Geological Survey.
Period of field work: April-September, 2013; June, July, 2014.
Personnel: you, and two Master’s Degree candidate students (they will use this study for
their research degree)
Vehicle: Four-wheel drive Ford suburban
Equipment: Brunton compasses, plane-table and alidade, aerial photographs and stereo
viewers, rock picks, digital cameras, sampling bags and labels.
Weather conditions during the field work: rain and snow, early April; thunderstorms,
July.
7. Complete the following sentences in Results by translating the Chinese phrases into
English.
（1） （尽管我们研究中的被调查者来自于两个不同的国家），culturally and socially based
differences in waiting time response（在···方面的进一步对比是非常有意义的）。 4 （2） （今后有关于···的研究）the effective or cognitive process behind consumers
evaluations and expectations for waiting time.
（3） （本次研究的目的是确定）the effects of a guide tube design on the turbine efficiency.
（试验结果表明）, it can clearly be seen that the guide tube has needs（经过精心设计）the
operating conditions of the cross-flow turbine. The guide tube used in this study （不会提高涡轮机的效率因为）a choking effect.
8. Describe the following pie chart based on the information you can see, and then show your
results.
Fig. 2 Scientific disciplines for Elsevier publication (2016)
9. Writing an English Conclusion according to the information given.
Overview of the research: New buckling solutions for regular polygonal elliptical, semicircular
and annular Mindlin plates under isotropic inplane loads.
Conclusion of the research: the shear deformation effect depresses the buckling loads more
