第四章____建筑体型和立面设计

建筑体型与立面方案设计建筑体型与立面方案设计是建筑设计中非常重要的一环，它直接影响着建筑物的外观和整体形象。

一个好的建筑体型与立面方案设计可以使建筑物在视觉上更加吸引人，同时也能够提升建筑物的功能性和实用性。

在设计建筑体型与立面方案时，需要考虑多方面的因素，包括建筑的功能需求、场地条件、材料选择、风格定位等等，只有将这些因素综合考虑，才能设计出符合要求的建筑体型与立面方案。

一、建筑体型设计建筑体型设计是建筑设计中最基础的部分，它决定了建筑物在空间中的整体形状和外观。

在设计建筑的体型时，需要根据建筑的功能需求和场地条件进行合理的规划。

比如，对于商业建筑，需要考虑到商铺的布局和陈列空间；对于居住建筑，需要考虑到住户的生活需求和私密性；对于公共建筑，需要考虑到人流的流线和活动空间等等。

在设计建筑的体型时，还需要考虑到建筑物与周围环境的协调性，使建筑物与周围景观相互融合，形成和谐的整体。

在建筑体型设计中，还需要考虑到建筑物的结构系统和建筑材料的选用。

结构系统直接影响着建筑的稳定性和承载能力，不同的结构系统可以给建筑带来不同的形式和表现；而建筑材料的选用则决定了建筑物的质感和外观，不同的材料可以赋予建筑不同的风格和氛围。

因此，在设计建筑体型时，需要综合考虑这些因素，使建筑物在形式和功能上达到最佳的平衡。

二、立面方案设计立面方案设计是建筑设计中非常重要的一部分，它直接影响着建筑物的外观和视觉效果。

一个精心设计的立面方案可以使建筑物在视觉上更加吸引人，同时也能够体现建筑物的风格和特色。

在设计建筑的立面方案时，需要考虑到建筑的功能需求、气候条件、光照情况、用户体验等多方面因素，只有将这些因素综合考虑，才能设计出符合要求的立面方案。

在立面方案设计中，需要考虑到建筑的气候适应性和能源利用效率。

针对不同的气候条件，需要采用不同的立面设计方案，使建筑物在夏季凉爽，冬季温暖，提高建筑物的舒适性和能效性。

同时，在设计建筑的立面时，还需要考虑到建筑材料的选用和施工工艺，保证立面设计方案的实施性和可持续性。

第四章建筑立面设计（The fourth chapter is the buildingelevation design）The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureThe fourth chapter is building body shape and elevation designThe fourth chapter is building body shape and elevation designMaterial use requirementsSpiritual aesthetic requirements and spiritual aesthetic requirementsThe shape and elevation of the building are neither interior spacePassive direct reflection is not simply in the formPassively direct reflection is not simply in the formSurface finishing, not architectural designShape treatment after the shape of the handle.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureThe fourth chapter is building body shape and elevation designThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureThe fourth chapter is building body shape and elevation designThe fourth chapter is building body shape and elevation designArchitectural design is mainly for the overall shape of the building bodyThe determination of quantity, shape, scale, scale, etc,According to the different types of buildings, the corresponding somatotype group is adoptedCombination mode.The facade design is mainly about all aspects of the building shapeThe facade design is mainly about all aspects of the building shapeConduct in-depth characterization and processing, so that the entire image of the buildingTend to perfectionTend to perfection.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housingarchitecture4.1 building type and facade design requirementsThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1 building type and facade design requirements4.1 building type and facade design requirementsReflecting the architectural functional requirements and architectural personality characteristicsCombination of material properties, structural construction and construction technology characteristicsbuildGroup arrangement adapted to base environment and architectural planningMaster building standards and corresponding economic indicatorsMaster building standards and corresponding economic indicatorsConform to the rules of architectural modeling and facade compositionThe exterior image of the house should reflect the combination of the interior space of the building. The exterior image of the house should reflect the combination of the interior space of the buildingThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture411 reflects the architectural functional requirements and architectural personality characteristics4.1.1 reflects architectural functional requirements and architectural personality characteristicsThe exterior image of the house should reflect the combination of the interior space of the buildingFeatures and beauty problems should be closely combined with functional requirements, and aesthetic problems must be closely combined with functional requirements.Features and beauty problems must be closely combined with functional requirements.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1.2 reflects material technical conditionsThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1.2 reflects material technical conditions4.1.2 reflects material technical conditionsBuilding shape and elevation must be designed to a great extentSubject to material and technical conditions, and reflect the knotStructure, material and construction features.1. the facade of the hybrid structure2. the facade treatment of reinforced concrete frame structure3. shape treatment of spatial structure4., different construction methods have some influence on architectural modeling. 4. different construction methods have a definite influence on the architectural shape.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1.3 meets base environment and city planning requirementsThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1.3 meets base environment and city planning requirements4.1.3 meets base environment and city planning requirementsThe topography, geology, climate, orientation, and orientation of the building site,The shape, size, roads, greening, and the closing of the old buildingsAnd so on, all of which have a great influence on the exterior image of architecture.,The buildings in the natural environment should be adapted to local conditions and combined with topographyThe shape of a building, height, pitch, hierarchy, and ring The shape of a building, height, pitch, hierarchy, and ring Integration of environmentArchitectural design of buildings in urban streets and squares Buildings and architectural design in city streets and squaresWe should closely integrate the urban roads, the base environment and the surrounding buildingsThe style of the building and the requirements of the cityplanning departmentThe style of the building and the requirements of the city planning department.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1.4 conforms to social and economic conditions, and 4.1.4 conforms to social and economic conditions.Should be proposed: should be presented:The artistic beauty of a building is not based on investmentAs a decisive factor, in fact, as long as full play to the designThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1.4 conforms to social and economic conditions, and 4.1.4 conforms to social and economic conditionsIt should be proposed that it should be put forward:The artistic beauty of a building is not based on investmentAs a decisive factor, in fact, as long as full play to the designAs a decisive factor, in fact, as long as full play to the designThe subjective initiative of a person under certain economic conditions,Skillfully using material, technical means and composition rules,Efforts can be made to design, apply, and secure,,Economical and beautiful buildings to come.Architectural modeling has its inherent rules, and people need to create itThe construction of beautiful buildings must follow the law of architectural beautyArchitectural modeling has its inherent rules, and people need to create itThe construction of beautiful buildings must follow the law of architectural beautyDifferent times, different regions, different nationalities, despiteDifferent forms of architecture, despite the different views of aestheticsThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1.5 conforms to the basic law of architectural composition4.1.5 conforms to the basic law of architectural compositionIn everyday life, people always have a problem with a building,What exactly is the impression of beauty and beauty?Construction is considered beautiful.The construction of beautiful buildings must follow the law of architectural beautySuch as unity, balance, stability, contrast, rhythm,Scale, scale, scale, scale, etc.Architectural forms vary greatly, despite aesthetic standardsNot the same, but the basic laws of beauty in these buildings areThe objective law is universally acknowledgedConsensus is the objective law universally acknowledged.Unity is in order to be neat, concise, orderly and not to be consideredA stiff and orderly figure of architecture.Unity is in order to be neat, concise, orderly and not to be consideredA stiff and orderly figure of architecture.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1 unification and changeBuildings are objectively characterized by unity and changeWhat are some of the factors that exist objectively in unity and change?The relationship between them becomes a very important relationship among the composition of the architecture, and becomes a very important part of the composition of the architectureProblemsThe so-called "multiple systems", "changes in the whole system", "change in the middle", the so-called "diversity, unity, unity, change, change in demand."A stiff and orderly figure of architecture.Unity and change are the basic laws of all forms of beauty, and they have broad popularityGenerality and generality.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1) unify by simple geometryThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1) unify by simple geometry1) finding a system in simple geometry. the cylinder, cone, cuboid, cube and sphere shapedBecause their shapes are simple, definite and sure, they are naturalAchieve unity.2) master and subordinate are clear, with foil for unificationComplex buildings should be properly handled in shape designThe relation of major to subordination, emphasis, and general,A master is clear, as the main lining to obtain complete, unified.Fruit.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureUse the axis to deal with the main bodyThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureUse the axis to deal with the main body1.The use of symmetrical techniques in building can create a whole systemFirst, the appearance of the imageThe main body is made of low lining heightIn the architectural shape design, take full advantage of the building function requirements formedDepending on the height of the lower lining to control the overall handling of the handThe main body is made of low lining heightDepending on the height of the lower lining, the overall handle with high controlLaw is an effective measure to achieve complete unityThird, use image change to highlight the subjectUsing circular, polygonal or complicated contour line in the modelling of the buildingCan achieve prominent main body and control the overall situationThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture2 equilibrium and stability 2 equilibrium and stabilityThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture2 equilibrium and stability 2 equilibrium and stabilityStability: refers to the overall weight of the building between the upper and lower. Stability: refers to the overall weight of the building between the upper and lower,The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housingarchitecture1) the concept of equilibrium and stability1) the concept of equilibrium and stabilityEquilibrium: it mainly studies the parts of the building, about back and forthThe relation between the seriousness and the combination should be given to the peopleA steady feeling; a steady feeling.We should give a person with safe and reliable, the effect is as solid as rocks.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture2) to deal with the balance and stability of the building, the building shapes should be taken into accountThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture2) to deal with the balance and stability of the building, the building shapes should be taken into account2) to deal with the balance and stability of the building, the building shapes should be taken into accountThe relationship between the weight and the sense of weight.3) the characteristics of different buildings can be expressed in the form of symmetrical equilibriumA marked complete systemMarked by complete unity.4) asymmetric equilibrium is the balancing of the center to the side of the building,Make use of the balance of different volume, material, color, virtual change and so onAchieve the goal. It is lighter and more lively than symmetrical equilibrium.5) different approaches to building stabilityA characteristic formed by this regular change andThe rhythm formed by orderly repetition produces barsA characteristic formed by this regular change andThe rhythm formed by orderly repetition produces barsConsciously repeat or change these compositional elementsThe ability to make architecture, form, and detail gives a greater intensityThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture3 rhythm3 rhythm(.1) prosody: the repetition or gradual change of the elements of any object. 1) prosody: the repetition or gradual change of the elements of any objectThe rhythm formed by orderly repetition; capable of producing barsA sense of rhythm characterized by reason, repetition, and continuityBeauty is enjoyed by man.(.2) the use of many duplicate elements in buildings; 2) the use of many duplicate elements in a buildingIt can make architecture, shape and detail more intenseAnd a deep impression.Deep impression."Slight difference" means a significant difference, a weak contrast, a slight differenceDeep impression."Slight difference" means a significant difference, a weak contrast, a slight differenceThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4 contrast and slight difference 4 contrast and slight differenceContrast: refers to the significant difference between the parts of a buildingWith each other under the background role color more fresh and different. Each other against each other under the action, so that its shape and color more freshMing, such as the big, more aware of its large, small, more aware of its small, deep moreThe person who feels the depth is more aware of its light, which gives a strong feeling to the person who is deep and shallow, and feels lighter and gives a strong impression,The difference is the significant difference, that is, the slight contrast differenceYou can borrow the continuity between each other to get the harmonyThe combination of these two aspects can achieve unity.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture5 proportionThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture5 proportion5 proportion1) the concept of proportion.)Proportion refers to the length, width, height of the three directions between the size of the relationship.Either whole or local, as well as between the whole and the partEither whole or local, as well as between the whole and the partThere is a proportional relationship with the local. Good proportion of energyGive people a harmonious, perfect feeling, on the contrary, the proportion of imbalance on theGive a harmonious, perfect feeling, and vice versa,DisproportionCan't make people feel beautiful..2) the parts of a building are usually made up of definite geometric figures.2) the parts of a building are usually made up of definite geometric figuresConstitute. Therefore, conscious attention is paid to the architectural designThe similarity between geometric bodies is the ratio of deliberate harmonyThe similarity between geometrical bodies is the ratio of deliberate harmonyHelpful.The scale studies both the overall and the local components of the buildingBetween sensory size and its true sizeThe scale studies both the overall and the local components of the buildingBetween sensory size and its true sizeAnd so on, as compared to standards, by contrast with themGet a fixed sense of scaleThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture6 scale6 scale.1) the concept of scale. 1) the concept of scale.Between sensory size and its true sizeRelation.(.2) in architectural design, often with human or human activitiesSome of the constant factors, such as doors, steps, and railings, such as gates, steps, and railingsGet a certain sense of scale.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housingarchitectureNatural sense of scale: natural sense of scaleMeasure the actual size of a building with human size, thereby giving the impression of printingThe elephant and the real size of the building are often used in residential office buildings to conform to the actual size of the building. Commonly used in residential, office buildings, schoolsSchool buildingsExaggeration scaleUsing exaggeration to give people a sense of scale beyond the true size.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureNatural sense of scale: natural sense of scaleMeasure the actual size of a building with human size, thereby giving the impression of printingThe elephant and the real size of the building are often used in residential office buildings to conform to the actual size of the building. Commonly used in residential, office buildings, schoolsSchool buildingsExaggeration scaleUsing exaggeration to give people a sense of scale beyond the true size.Exaggeration is used to give a sense of scale beyond the true size.Often used in memorial buildings or large public buildings to show ZhuangA stately atmosphereA stately atmosphereGenial standardsObtain smaller than the true feeling at a smaller scale, thereby givingA pleasant and agreeable sense of scale. Used to create compact, friendly, comfortableA suitable atmosphere, as of a garden buildingThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.2 design method of building body typeThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.2 design method of building body typeThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.2.1 combination of building type, 4.2.1, building, body typeA single figureCombination body typeThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.2.1 combination of building type, 4.2.1, building, body typeA single figureCombination body typeThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1, two combinations of two treatment methods, one haplotype combination and 1 haplotype combinationsIntegrate complex inner space into a complete body shape.Such buildings are characterized by obvious master-slave and syntagmatic relationsThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1, two combinations of two treatment methods, one haplotype combination and 1 haplotype combinationsIntegrate complex inner space into a complete body shape.Such buildings are characterized by obvious master-slave and syntagmatic relationsSuch buildings are characterized by obvious master-slave and syntagmatic relations,Other unified, concise, clear outline, give people a clear and strongStrong impressionStrong impressionThe complexity of functional relations, a wide range of different usesA small room that is reasonably and effectively simplifiedIt is easy to pick up in a simple plane space formIt is easy to pick up in a simple plane space formArrange with a unified structureFlexible combination, flexible combinationThe unit combination type has the following characteristics: unit combination and body shape have the following characteristics:The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture2 unit combination type2 unit combination typeA unit combination is a unit that measures several independent volumesAssemble in a certain way. Housing, schools, medicineUnits such as units are often adopted, and units are usually combined in units.The unit itself should have a good shapeThe unit continuously repeats and forms a strong sense of rhythm, and the unit repeats continuously to form a strong sense ofrhythmThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture3 complex type 3 complex body typeComplex shapes are made up of more than two body volumesIt is rich in shape and more suitable for functional relationshipComplex buildings; complex buildings with complex shapes. Because of the complexity of the body, there is moreThe quantity of individual must exist between the volume and the volumeThe problem of mutual coordination and unification should be coordinated and unified in the combination. Should be in the combinationPay attention to the following problems:The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture3 complex type 3 complex body typeComplex shapes are made up of more than two body volumesIt is rich in shape and more suitable for functional relationshipComplex buildings; complex buildings with complex shapes. Because of the complexity of the body, there is moreThe quantity of individual must exist between the volume and the volumeThe problem of mutual coordination and unification should be coordinated and unified in the combination. Should be in the combinationPay attention to the following problems:The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureTurning and corner handling of building type in 4.2.2The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureTurning and corner handling of building type in 4.2.2The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1, such as single height treatmentUsually along the natural terrain, changes in the road, willbe a single geometryThe shape of the building is tortuous, deformed and extended, and the original shape of the building is deformed and stretched, and the original shape is maintainedHigh features, the formation of simple, smooth, natural and generous, unified integrity of the buildingApparent figure2 combined treatment of host and bodyThe combination of the main body and the auxiliary body often takes the building main body as the mainOrnamental surface, with attached body, foil main body, forming primary and secondary, clear, wrongThe appearance of an orderly figure3 focus on towerAt the intersection of roads, local volumes are often elevated to form towersThe shape of the building makes it very prominent and striking and forms a complex of buildingsThe climax of the layout controls the climax of the layout of the entire building and the surrounding roads, and controls theentire building and its surrounding roads and squares.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1, such as single height treatmentUsually along the natural terrain, changes in the road, will be a single geometryThe shape of the building is tortuous, deformed and extended, and the original shape of the building is deformed and stretched, and the original shape is maintainedHigh features, the formation of simple, smooth, natural and generous, unified integrity of the buildingApparent figure2 combined treatment of host and bodyThe combination of the main body and the auxiliary body often takes the building main body as the mainOrnamental surface, with attached body, foil main body, forming primary and secondary, clear, wrongThe appearance of an orderly figure3 focus on towerAt the intersection of roads, local volumes are often elevated to form towersThe shape of the building makes it very prominent and striking and forms a complex of buildingsThe climax of the layout controls the climax of the layout of the entire building and the surrounding roads, and controls the entire building and its surrounding roads and squares.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture423 volume connection1 direct connection2 bite, 4.2.3 volume connection, 2 bite connection3 connector connectionThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture423 volume connection1 direct connection2 bite, 4.2.3 volume connection, 2 bite connection3 connector connectionThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureFour3 elevation design of buildingThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.3 elevation design of buildingThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureScale scale processing of 4.3.1 facadeThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureScale scale processing of 4.3.1 facadeScale scale processing of 4.3.1 facadeThe proportion and scale of the facade are treated with architectural functions,Material properties and structural types are inseparableGauges are often handled by means of scales such as doors andwindows and detailsGauges are often handled by means of scales such as doors and windows, details, etc.The size of the building reflects the realWith virtual as the main, you can get light and cheerful feeling. With virtual as the main, you can get light and cheerful feeling.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureThe reality and bump of 4.3.2 facadeThe reality and bump of 4.3.2 facadeThe "void" refers to the glass, doors and windows, the porch and the porch of the facade,Such as empty corridors, corridors and other sections, can give a person with light and transparentSensation."Solid" refers to the wall, cylinder, saw, balcony, columnA solid part such as a plate. Give people a heavy, solid feeling.A solid part such as a plate. Give people a heavy, solid feeling.According to the function and structure of the building, it is skillfully handled wellThe relation between the actual situation and the image can obtain different appearance and image, and the relationship between the actual situation and the image can obtain different appearance images.To be solid, but to give people a heavy, solid feeling.Below, look at the facade of the virtual and concave and convex several treatment methodsBelow, look at the facade of the virtual and concave and convex several treatment methods4., through the building Wailimian concave convex relationship processing, can strengthen the light and shadeChange, enhance the building's sense of volume, and enrich the effect of the facade.4., through the building Wailimian concave convex relationship processing, can strengthen the light and shadeChange, enhance the building's sense of volume, and enrich the effect of the facade.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1, make full use of the functional and structural requirements, skillfully deal with the actual situation1, make full use of the functional and structural requirements, skillfully deal with the actual situationA lightweight, vivid, solid and powerful exterior image can be obtained.2, mainly virtual, virtual and more, less real handling practices can be light,2, mainly virtual, virtual and more, less real handling practices can be light,Cheerful effect. Often used in high-rise buildings, theatres, halls, restaurants,A large collection of buildings, such as a station, shop, etc.A large collection of buildings, such as a station, shop, etc.3, to the actual based, real, more virtual, less, can produce stability, dignity, maleWei effect is often used in monumental buildings and important public buildings. Often used in monumental buildings and important public buildings.Change, enhance the building's sense of volume, and enrich the。

建筑体型和立面设计知识点建筑体型和立面设计是建筑设计中重要的组成部分，对于建筑的外观美观和功能性具有重要影响。

以下是关于建筑体型和立面设计的一些知识点：一、建筑体型设计建筑体型指建筑物在三维空间中的整体形态和结构组织。

一个好的建筑体型设计可以使建筑物在空间中占有合理位置，与周围环境协调统一。

以下是一些建筑体型设计的要点：1. 比例和尺度：建筑体型设计应该合理考虑比例和尺度，使建筑物与周围环境相协调。

同时，建筑物的大小和高度也需要根据具体的用途和功能进行合理的把握。

2. 布局和平面形状：建筑体型的布局和平面形状应该根据功能和使用要求进行合理的设计。

例如，办公建筑的平面布局应该能够满足工作流程和人员流动的需要，而住宅建筑的平面形状应该能够提供舒适的居住空间。

3. 空间组织和形式：建筑体型的空间组织应该考虑不同功能和使用的需求，创造出合适的室内空间。

形式上，建筑体型的立体形状应该能够体现建筑的风格和主题，并与周围环境相协调。

二、立面设计立面指建筑物的外立面，是建筑物与外界环境的接触界面，也是建筑的重要表现形式。

良好的立面设计可以赋予建筑物独特的外观和形象，以下是一些立面设计的知识点：1. 材料和质感：立面设计使用的材料应该根据建筑物的功能和外观要求选择合适的材料，例如，商业建筑可以采用玻璃幕墙，而住宅建筑可以使用砖石或木材。

同时，材料的质感也是立面设计的重要考量因素。

2. 色彩和形象：立面设计的色彩应该能够与周围环境相协调，并符合建筑的功能和风格。

同时，立面设计的形象也应该能够展现建筑的特点和文化内涵。

3. 细部处理：立面设计的细部处理应该考虑建筑物的结构和功能，同时也要注意细节的美观和实用性。

例如，窗户设计应该能够提供足够的采光和通风，门的设计要便于进出等。

结语：建筑体型和立面设计是建筑设计中的重要环节，通过合理的设计可以创造出美观、实用和具有个性的建筑物。

一个好的建筑体型和立面设计可以使建筑物与周围环境相协调，并凸显其独特性。

第四章建筑立面设计（The fourth chapter is the buildingelevation design）The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureThe fourth chapter is building body shape and elevation designThe fourth chapter is building body shape and elevation designMaterial use requirementsSpiritual aesthetic requirements and spiritual aesthetic requirementsThe shape and elevation of the building are neither interior spacePassive direct reflection is not simply in the formPassively direct reflection is not simply in the formSurface finishing, not architectural designShape treatment after the shape of the handle.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureThe fourth chapter is building body shape and elevation designThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureThe fourth chapter is building body shape and elevation designThe fourth chapter is building body shape and elevation designArchitectural design is mainly for the overall shape of the building bodyThe determination of quantity, shape, scale, scale, etc,According to the different types of buildings, the corresponding somatotype group is adoptedCombination mode.The facade design is mainly about all aspects of the building shapeThe facade design is mainly about all aspects of the building shapeConduct in-depth characterization and processing, so that the entire image of the buildingTend to perfectionTend to perfection.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housingarchitecture4.1 building type and facade design requirementsThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1 building type and facade design requirements4.1 building type and facade design requirementsReflecting the architectural functional requirements and architectural personality characteristicsCombination of material properties, structural construction and construction technology characteristicsbuildGroup arrangement adapted to base environment and architectural planningMaster building standards and corresponding economic indicatorsMaster building standards and corresponding economic indicatorsConform to the rules of architectural modeling and facade compositionThe exterior image of the house should reflect the combination of the interior space of the building. The exterior image of the house should reflect the combination of the interior space of the buildingThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture411 reflects the architectural functional requirements and architectural personality characteristics4.1.1 reflects architectural functional requirements and architectural personality characteristicsThe exterior image of the house should reflect the combination of the interior space of the buildingFeatures and beauty problems should be closely combined with functional requirements, and aesthetic problems must be closely combined with functional requirements.Features and beauty problems must be closely combined with functional requirements.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1.2 reflects material technical conditionsThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1.2 reflects material technical conditions4.1.2 reflects material technical conditionsBuilding shape and elevation must be designed to a great extentSubject to material and technical conditions, and reflect the knotStructure, material and construction features.1. the facade of the hybrid structure2. the facade treatment of reinforced concrete frame structure3. shape treatment of spatial structure4., different construction methods have some influence on architectural modeling. 4. different construction methods have a definite influence on the architectural shape.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1.3 meets base environment and city planning requirementsThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1.3 meets base environment and city planning requirements4.1.3 meets base environment and city planning requirementsThe topography, geology, climate, orientation, and orientation of the building site,The shape, size, roads, greening, and the closing of the old buildingsAnd so on, all of which have a great influence on the exterior image of architecture.,The buildings in the natural environment should be adapted to local conditions and combined with topographyThe shape of a building, height, pitch, hierarchy, and ring The shape of a building, height, pitch, hierarchy, and ring Integration of environmentArchitectural design of buildings in urban streets and squares Buildings and architectural design in city streets and squaresWe should closely integrate the urban roads, the base environment and the surrounding buildingsThe style of the building and the requirements of the cityplanning departmentThe style of the building and the requirements of the city planning department.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1.4 conforms to social and economic conditions, and 4.1.4 conforms to social and economic conditions.Should be proposed: should be presented:The artistic beauty of a building is not based on investmentAs a decisive factor, in fact, as long as full play to the designThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1.4 conforms to social and economic conditions, and 4.1.4 conforms to social and economic conditionsIt should be proposed that it should be put forward:The artistic beauty of a building is not based on investmentAs a decisive factor, in fact, as long as full play to the designAs a decisive factor, in fact, as long as full play to the designThe subjective initiative of a person under certain economic conditions,Skillfully using material, technical means and composition rules,Efforts can be made to design, apply, and secure,,Economical and beautiful buildings to come.Architectural modeling has its inherent rules, and people need to create itThe construction of beautiful buildings must follow the law of architectural beautyArchitectural modeling has its inherent rules, and people need to create itThe construction of beautiful buildings must follow the law of architectural beautyDifferent times, different regions, different nationalities, despiteDifferent forms of architecture, despite the different views of aestheticsThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.1.5 conforms to the basic law of architectural composition4.1.5 conforms to the basic law of architectural compositionIn everyday life, people always have a problem with a building,What exactly is the impression of beauty and beauty?Construction is considered beautiful.The construction of beautiful buildings must follow the law of architectural beautySuch as unity, balance, stability, contrast, rhythm,Scale, scale, scale, scale, etc.Architectural forms vary greatly, despite aesthetic standardsNot the same, but the basic laws of beauty in these buildings areThe objective law is universally acknowledgedConsensus is the objective law universally acknowledged.Unity is in order to be neat, concise, orderly and not to be consideredA stiff and orderly figure of architecture.Unity is in order to be neat, concise, orderly and not to be consideredA stiff and orderly figure of architecture.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1 unification and changeBuildings are objectively characterized by unity and changeWhat are some of the factors that exist objectively in unity and change?The relationship between them becomes a very important relationship among the composition of the architecture, and becomes a very important part of the composition of the architectureProblemsThe so-called "multiple systems", "changes in the whole system", "change in the middle", the so-called "diversity, unity, unity, change, change in demand."A stiff and orderly figure of architecture.Unity and change are the basic laws of all forms of beauty, and they have broad popularityGenerality and generality.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1) unify by simple geometryThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1) unify by simple geometry1) finding a system in simple geometry. the cylinder, cone, cuboid, cube and sphere shapedBecause their shapes are simple, definite and sure, they are naturalAchieve unity.2) master and subordinate are clear, with foil for unificationComplex buildings should be properly handled in shape designThe relation of major to subordination, emphasis, and general,A master is clear, as the main lining to obtain complete, unified.Fruit.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureUse the axis to deal with the main bodyThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureUse the axis to deal with the main body1.The use of symmetrical techniques in building can create a whole systemFirst, the appearance of the imageThe main body is made of low lining heightIn the architectural shape design, take full advantage of the building function requirements formedDepending on the height of the lower lining to control the overall handling of the handThe main body is made of low lining heightDepending on the height of the lower lining, the overall handle with high controlLaw is an effective measure to achieve complete unityThird, use image change to highlight the subjectUsing circular, polygonal or complicated contour line in the modelling of the buildingCan achieve prominent main body and control the overall situationThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture2 equilibrium and stability 2 equilibrium and stabilityThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture2 equilibrium and stability 2 equilibrium and stabilityStability: refers to the overall weight of the building between the upper and lower. Stability: refers to the overall weight of the building between the upper and lower,The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housingarchitecture1) the concept of equilibrium and stability1) the concept of equilibrium and stabilityEquilibrium: it mainly studies the parts of the building, about back and forthThe relation between the seriousness and the combination should be given to the peopleA steady feeling; a steady feeling.We should give a person with safe and reliable, the effect is as solid as rocks.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture2) to deal with the balance and stability of the building, the building shapes should be taken into accountThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture2) to deal with the balance and stability of the building, the building shapes should be taken into account2) to deal with the balance and stability of the building, the building shapes should be taken into accountThe relationship between the weight and the sense of weight.3) the characteristics of different buildings can be expressed in the form of symmetrical equilibriumA marked complete systemMarked by complete unity.4) asymmetric equilibrium is the balancing of the center to the side of the building,Make use of the balance of different volume, material, color, virtual change and so onAchieve the goal. It is lighter and more lively than symmetrical equilibrium.5) different approaches to building stabilityA characteristic formed by this regular change andThe rhythm formed by orderly repetition produces barsA characteristic formed by this regular change andThe rhythm formed by orderly repetition produces barsConsciously repeat or change these compositional elementsThe ability to make architecture, form, and detail gives a greater intensityThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture3 rhythm3 rhythm(.1) prosody: the repetition or gradual change of the elements of any object. 1) prosody: the repetition or gradual change of the elements of any objectThe rhythm formed by orderly repetition; capable of producing barsA sense of rhythm characterized by reason, repetition, and continuityBeauty is enjoyed by man.(.2) the use of many duplicate elements in buildings; 2) the use of many duplicate elements in a buildingIt can make architecture, shape and detail more intenseAnd a deep impression.Deep impression."Slight difference" means a significant difference, a weak contrast, a slight differenceDeep impression."Slight difference" means a significant difference, a weak contrast, a slight differenceThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4 contrast and slight difference 4 contrast and slight differenceContrast: refers to the significant difference between the parts of a buildingWith each other under the background role color more fresh and different. Each other against each other under the action, so that its shape and color more freshMing, such as the big, more aware of its large, small, more aware of its small, deep moreThe person who feels the depth is more aware of its light, which gives a strong feeling to the person who is deep and shallow, and feels lighter and gives a strong impression,The difference is the significant difference, that is, the slight contrast differenceYou can borrow the continuity between each other to get the harmonyThe combination of these two aspects can achieve unity.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture5 proportionThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture5 proportion5 proportion1) the concept of proportion.)Proportion refers to the length, width, height of the three directions between the size of the relationship.Either whole or local, as well as between the whole and the partEither whole or local, as well as between the whole and the partThere is a proportional relationship with the local. Good proportion of energyGive people a harmonious, perfect feeling, on the contrary, the proportion of imbalance on theGive a harmonious, perfect feeling, and vice versa,DisproportionCan't make people feel beautiful..2) the parts of a building are usually made up of definite geometric figures.2) the parts of a building are usually made up of definite geometric figuresConstitute. Therefore, conscious attention is paid to the architectural designThe similarity between geometric bodies is the ratio of deliberate harmonyThe similarity between geometrical bodies is the ratio of deliberate harmonyHelpful.The scale studies both the overall and the local components of the buildingBetween sensory size and its true sizeThe scale studies both the overall and the local components of the buildingBetween sensory size and its true sizeAnd so on, as compared to standards, by contrast with themGet a fixed sense of scaleThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture6 scale6 scale.1) the concept of scale. 1) the concept of scale.Between sensory size and its true sizeRelation.(.2) in architectural design, often with human or human activitiesSome of the constant factors, such as doors, steps, and railings, such as gates, steps, and railingsGet a certain sense of scale.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housingarchitectureNatural sense of scale: natural sense of scaleMeasure the actual size of a building with human size, thereby giving the impression of printingThe elephant and the real size of the building are often used in residential office buildings to conform to the actual size of the building. Commonly used in residential, office buildings, schoolsSchool buildingsExaggeration scaleUsing exaggeration to give people a sense of scale beyond the true size.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureNatural sense of scale: natural sense of scaleMeasure the actual size of a building with human size, thereby giving the impression of printingThe elephant and the real size of the building are often used in residential office buildings to conform to the actual size of the building. Commonly used in residential, office buildings, schoolsSchool buildingsExaggeration scaleUsing exaggeration to give people a sense of scale beyond the true size.Exaggeration is used to give a sense of scale beyond the true size.Often used in memorial buildings or large public buildings to show ZhuangA stately atmosphereA stately atmosphereGenial standardsObtain smaller than the true feeling at a smaller scale, thereby givingA pleasant and agreeable sense of scale. Used to create compact, friendly, comfortableA suitable atmosphere, as of a garden buildingThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.2 design method of building body typeThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.2 design method of building body typeThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.2.1 combination of building type, 4.2.1, building, body typeA single figureCombination body typeThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.2.1 combination of building type, 4.2.1, building, body typeA single figureCombination body typeThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1, two combinations of two treatment methods, one haplotype combination and 1 haplotype combinationsIntegrate complex inner space into a complete body shape.Such buildings are characterized by obvious master-slave and syntagmatic relationsThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1, two combinations of two treatment methods, one haplotype combination and 1 haplotype combinationsIntegrate complex inner space into a complete body shape.Such buildings are characterized by obvious master-slave and syntagmatic relationsSuch buildings are characterized by obvious master-slave and syntagmatic relations,Other unified, concise, clear outline, give people a clear and strongStrong impressionStrong impressionThe complexity of functional relations, a wide range of different usesA small room that is reasonably and effectively simplifiedIt is easy to pick up in a simple plane space formIt is easy to pick up in a simple plane space formArrange with a unified structureFlexible combination, flexible combinationThe unit combination type has the following characteristics: unit combination and body shape have the following characteristics:The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture2 unit combination type2 unit combination typeA unit combination is a unit that measures several independent volumesAssemble in a certain way. Housing, schools, medicineUnits such as units are often adopted, and units are usually combined in units.The unit itself should have a good shapeThe unit continuously repeats and forms a strong sense of rhythm, and the unit repeats continuously to form a strong sense ofrhythmThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture3 complex type 3 complex body typeComplex shapes are made up of more than two body volumesIt is rich in shape and more suitable for functional relationshipComplex buildings; complex buildings with complex shapes. Because of the complexity of the body, there is moreThe quantity of individual must exist between the volume and the volumeThe problem of mutual coordination and unification should be coordinated and unified in the combination. Should be in the combinationPay attention to the following problems:The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture3 complex type 3 complex body typeComplex shapes are made up of more than two body volumesIt is rich in shape and more suitable for functional relationshipComplex buildings; complex buildings with complex shapes. Because of the complexity of the body, there is moreThe quantity of individual must exist between the volume and the volumeThe problem of mutual coordination and unification should be coordinated and unified in the combination. Should be in the combinationPay attention to the following problems:The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureTurning and corner handling of building type in 4.2.2The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureTurning and corner handling of building type in 4.2.2The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1, such as single height treatmentUsually along the natural terrain, changes in the road, willbe a single geometryThe shape of the building is tortuous, deformed and extended, and the original shape of the building is deformed and stretched, and the original shape is maintainedHigh features, the formation of simple, smooth, natural and generous, unified integrity of the buildingApparent figure2 combined treatment of host and bodyThe combination of the main body and the auxiliary body often takes the building main body as the mainOrnamental surface, with attached body, foil main body, forming primary and secondary, clear, wrongThe appearance of an orderly figure3 focus on towerAt the intersection of roads, local volumes are often elevated to form towersThe shape of the building makes it very prominent and striking and forms a complex of buildingsThe climax of the layout controls the climax of the layout of the entire building and the surrounding roads, and controls theentire building and its surrounding roads and squares.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1, such as single height treatmentUsually along the natural terrain, changes in the road, will be a single geometryThe shape of the building is tortuous, deformed and extended, and the original shape of the building is deformed and stretched, and the original shape is maintainedHigh features, the formation of simple, smooth, natural and generous, unified integrity of the buildingApparent figure2 combined treatment of host and bodyThe combination of the main body and the auxiliary body often takes the building main body as the mainOrnamental surface, with attached body, foil main body, forming primary and secondary, clear, wrongThe appearance of an orderly figure3 focus on towerAt the intersection of roads, local volumes are often elevated to form towersThe shape of the building makes it very prominent and striking and forms a complex of buildingsThe climax of the layout controls the climax of the layout of the entire building and the surrounding roads, and controls the entire building and its surrounding roads and squares.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture423 volume connection1 direct connection2 bite, 4.2.3 volume connection, 2 bite connection3 connector connectionThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture423 volume connection1 direct connection2 bite, 4.2.3 volume connection, 2 bite connection3 connector connectionThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureFour3 elevation design of buildingThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture4.3 elevation design of buildingThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureScale scale processing of 4.3.1 facadeThe fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureScale scale processing of 4.3.1 facadeScale scale processing of 4.3.1 facadeThe proportion and scale of the facade are treated with architectural functions,Material properties and structural types are inseparableGauges are often handled by means of scales such as doors andwindows and detailsGauges are often handled by means of scales such as doors and windows, details, etc.The size of the building reflects the realWith virtual as the main, you can get light and cheerful feeling. With virtual as the main, you can get light and cheerful feeling.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architectureThe reality and bump of 4.3.2 facadeThe reality and bump of 4.3.2 facadeThe "void" refers to the glass, doors and windows, the porch and the porch of the facade,Such as empty corridors, corridors and other sections, can give a person with light and transparentSensation."Solid" refers to the wall, cylinder, saw, balcony, columnA solid part such as a plate. Give people a heavy, solid feeling.A solid part such as a plate. Give people a heavy, solid feeling.According to the function and structure of the building, it is skillfully handled wellThe relation between the actual situation and the image can obtain different appearance and image, and the relationship between the actual situation and the image can obtain different appearance images.To be solid, but to give people a heavy, solid feeling.Below, look at the facade of the virtual and concave and convex several treatment methodsBelow, look at the facade of the virtual and concave and convex several treatment methods4., through the building Wailimian concave convex relationship processing, can strengthen the light and shadeChange, enhance the building's sense of volume, and enrich the effect of the facade.4., through the building Wailimian concave convex relationship processing, can strengthen the light and shadeChange, enhance the building's sense of volume, and enrich the effect of the facade.The fourth chapter: building block, facade design, housing architecture1, make full use of the functional and structural requirements, skillfully deal with the actual situation1, make full use of the functional and structural requirements, skillfully deal with the actual situationA lightweight, vivid, solid and powerful exterior image can be obtained.2, mainly virtual, virtual and more, less real handling practices can be light,2, mainly virtual, virtual and more, less real handling practices can be light,Cheerful effect. Often used in high-rise buildings, theatres, halls, restaurants,A large collection of buildings, such as a station, shop, etc.A large collection of buildings, such as a station, shop, etc.3, to the actual based, real, more virtual, less, can produce stability, dignity, maleWei effect is often used in monumental buildings and important public buildings. Often used in monumental buildings and important public buildings.Change, enhance the building's sense of volume, and enrich the。