第11讲情态动词
情态动词
这类词本身虽有意义，但不完整。它们表示说话人的能力、说话人的语气或情态，如“可能”、“应当”等。这类动词有can, may, must, need, dare, could, might等。
它们不能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词（原形）一起作谓语，表示完整的意思，
例如：I can dance.（我会跳舞。）can, 能, 会
He told me I mustn’t leave until my mother came.
2)must表示推测，“一定是”、“准是”，例如：
They must be very tired. Let them have a rest.
Jack doesn’t look well. He must be ill.
注意：
➢have to表示“必须”、“不得不”，它不仅能代替must, 用于现在时和过去时以外的其他时态，表示说话人的主观看法，而且又表示客观上的需要。例如：
If we miss the last bus, we shall have to walk home.
The ship started to go down slowly. We must leave the ship.
➢在回答must的疑问句时，否定回答常用needn’t表示“不必”，例如：Must I return this book to you in two weeks?（这本书我两星期以后必须还你吗？）Yes, you must.（是的。）
No, you needn’t.（不，不必了。）
4.need
need（需要）既可作情态动词，又可作实义动词。
1) need作情态动词时，只用于否定句或疑问句。例如：
It’s warm today. You needn’t put on your coat.
Need I post your books to you?
2) need作及物动词时：
need sth ∕to do sth ∕doing sth
四．情态动词常见句型
1、Can I help you? ——Yes, please. / No, thanks.
2、Can + 主语+ 动词原形? Yes, ～can. No, ～can’t.
3、Can I borrow your book?----Yes, of course.
4、Can I write on the book? ------No, you can’t\mustn’t.
5、Could \Can you help me?---- Yes, of course.\Certainly.\ Sure.
6、Could \Can you tell me the way to the Zoo?
7、May I come in ?----- Come in, please.
8、May I sit here?----- Yes, please.\Sorry, please don’t.
9、May I have some Coke?---- Yes, of course.
10、May/ Could / Can I speak to Tom? -----Speaking. Who’s calling?
11、should 、shouldn’t 表示劝告：
1) He should get up early.
2) She shouldn’t play computer game too much.
12、Should +主语+动词原形? Yes, ～should.\ No, ～shouldn’t.
13、表示建议“你愿意…吗”
----Would you like to go shopping with me?
-----Yes, I’d love to. /I’d love to. But I’m busy now.
14、就餐用语Would you like something to eat\drink? ----Yes, I’d like…
15、shall用于第一人称(I, we), 可以表示“将”和表示建议“……好吗?”
1) Where shall we have dinner?
2) Shall we go fishing? -----All right. \OK. \Good idea.
16、Must + 主语+ 动词原形? ---Yes,～must.\No, ～needn’t.
1.情态动词的种类和主要用法；
2.各个情态动词之间的意义区分；
3.常见的含有情态动词的口语；
适当的情态动词填空:
1. Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you ________.
答案：needn’t
2. ________ I use your car? Yes, you ________.
答案：Can, can’t
3. ________ I go home now? No, you _________ stay here.
答案：Can, must
4. My mother is ill. I _________ stay at home and look after her.
答案：should
5. ________ you like some tea?
答案：Would
6. You ________ take more exercise.
答案：should
7. ________ you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park?
答案：Can
8. The clock ________ tell us the time.
答案：can
9. ________ you like to go fishing with me?
答案：Would
10. ________ we play football this afternoon?
答案：Can
This is Lucy and that is Lily. They are twins. They look 1 . They are 2 . They are new students in 3 class. They are 4 Grade One. Jim can 5 them. They are new 6 . They go to the shop(商店) . They would like something 7 and drink. Lucy
