2018-2019第二学期高二年级期中考试答题时间：100分钟，满分：150分第一部分阅读理解 (共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AFrom smart phones to electric cars, you may already be amaz ed by the technology that surrounds your daily life. If you’re a mazed because it feels like you’re already living in a sci-fi movie, just wait until you hear the following amazing tech.Virtual realityIt’s predicted that virtual reality will have its first billion-dollar year in 2018. It’s not surprising; think about all the new virtual reality tech that’s coming out these days—Oculus Rift, Samsung Gear VR, and even Google Cardboard. What makes virtual reality really amazing is the ways it’s curr ently being used. We’ve all seen how Facebook is starting touse the 360 video to create more immersive（沉浸式虚拟现实的）video content, but start-up Rukkus is taking that one step further. It is using virtual rea lity to allow people to get a virtual experience of their exact se at before buying their ticket.Genetic（基因的）testingIn 2007 it cost 1 million dollars to have your DNA sequenced （测定序列）. In 2009, that number dropped to $48,000. Today, it cost s less than $1,000 to have your DNA sequenced thanks to the fast development of this tech. Why should people have their DNA sequenced?Imagine a medical test that allows you to take a look at your f uture and see possible health risks. This gives you the ability t o fight off any issues before they ever happen. Also, it tells yo u if you are a carrier of any diseases that you could pass on t o your children.Drones（无人驾驶飞机）On the surface, it could look like drones are just another fashi on. What can you really do with them besides film or race? As of right now, that’s all you can do. However, the future of drones has much more in store. Big organizations like Amazon ar e planning to use drones for shipping purposes. Imagine buyi ng something online and having it delivered in a matter of hou rs, rather than days.1. In the author’s opinion, what makes/make virtual reality act ually surprising?A. Its billion-dollar income in 2018.B. Its new virtual reality tech.C. Gear VR and Cardboard.D. The ways it’s being used.2. What does Rukkus allow people to do?A. Play sports games virtually at home.B. Reject more immersive video content.C. Receive tickets to games without leaving home.D. Experience seat virtually before buying ticket.3. What does the author intend to show by mentioning the cos ts of DNA sequencing?A. DNA sequencing is really important.B. It’s costly to have our DNA sequenced.C. Genetic testing tech has developed fast.D. Everyone shouldn’t have their DNA sequenced.4. In the author’s opinion, in the future drones may be widely used to .A. deliver goodsB. make moviesC. compete in racesD. transport passengerBThe humpback whale（座头鲸），which can reach a length of 50 feet, is known for its long trave ls between warm water in the winter and cold water during the summer.“Humpbacks make the longest migration（迁移）of any mammal,” says mammal research biologist John Cala mbokidis, who has studied the whales since 1986. While som e humpback whales have been known to migrate from the Ant arctic Peninsula all the way to the waters off Costa Rica, they are not exactly known for their ability to swim fast.“The speed that a lot of these whales that make long migratio ns travel at is often not that impressive,” Calambokidis says. “I n other words, they can be just as slow as three to five miles an hour. But the impressive part is that they are doing that 24 hours a day. That means they can be covering 100 miles in a day. They can cover these rather long distances…in a monthor two.”According to Calambokidis, there is some scientific debate ab out why humpback whales migrate so far. It might be because they need warmer waters to reduce energy loss during the wi nter. There’s also the possibility that humpback whales migrat e as a strategy to keep away from killer whales. Calambokidis says that humpback whales are able to defend themselves a gainst killer whale attacks more easily if they are in shallow, w arm waters rather than deeper cold-water ocean regions. During their three-week to two-month migrations, humpback whales seldom eat. They live off body fat on their journey.How the humpback whales know where to travel during their migrations still has not been known. “I am not sure anyone ha s a clear answer to this,” Calambokidis says.5. The humpback whales can migrate so far because .A. they swim very fastB. they never stop in the journeyC. they travel for nearly half a yearD. they try to keep away from killer whales6. Before the migration the humpback whales have to .A. eat much to store fatB. grow as long as 50 feetC. practice swimming skillsD. teach the young how to travel7. What to do we know about Calambokidis?A. He has studied the whales for a long time.B. He followed the humpback whales in his research.C. He thinks humpback whales are safe in cold waters.D. He found humpback whales swim faster in warm waters. CObviously, most people who try to lose weight generally focus all or most of their attention on the food they eat. But what ab out their behavior? Are there habits they could be breaking th at would also help them lose weight?According to the Ohio State University Extension, which sum marized the findings, the researchers learned people who rout inely ate breakfasts, lunches, and dinners tended to have mor e success losing weight than people whose eating schedules were irregular. As a bonus, they were also more likely to eat a larger quantity of fruits and vegetables.One activity that brought a disaster to people who wanted to l ose weight was watching television, particularly if they ate while watching TV—especially if they ate while watching TV after 7 p.m. People w ho did these things, including simply watching a lot of televisio n, tended to have a higher body mass index (BMI), as well as a higher intake of fat and sugars.Those who ate out a lot also tended to take in more fat and su gars, while eating fewer fruits and vegetables. For the purpos es of the study, eating away from home was defined not only as eating in restaurants but also eating food provided by an e mployer or colleagues at work, buying food at convenience st ores or gas stations, or buying food for fund-raisers. Finally, the best results were achieved by those motivated pe ople who kept writing the track of the amount and type of exer cise they did and how many calories they ate, who planned m eals, and used meal replacements. Those who did these thing s the most generally lost more weight, ate less fat and sugars, ate more fruits and vegetables, and engaged in more physica l activities.So cutting out all those high-calorie snacks will help you lose weight. If so, apparently, will change some of your habits and behavior.8. According to the researchers we can know that____.A. losing weight depends on food a person eatB. regular eating routine is good for losing weightC. fruits and vegetables can keep you healthyD. eating irregularly will leave you in a good figure9. Why did some people fail to lose weight?A. Because they had a particular love for sweetsB. Because they were fond of watching TV at nightC. Because they developed a kind of bad habitD. Because they did nothing but watch TV after 7 p.m.10. The fourth paragraph implies that____.A. the bosses like to invite his employees to dinnerB. more and more people are content to eat outC. eating away from home does harm to healthD. it is very convenient to have dinners outside11. What is the author's purpose in the passage?A. To encourage people to eat at homeB. To inspire people to take exerciseC. To advise people to refuse caloriesD. To help people get more motivationDAs the days get shorter and the cold weather rolls in, we all w ant to lie in bed until spring rolls around. But making time to get outside in the sun, even when it's cold out, could have bigg er mood benefits than you might realize.While the link between sunshine and mental health is nothing new, the most comprehensive study so far has shown that the association may be even stronger than previously realized. New research from Brigham Young University, published this month in the Journal of Affective Disorders, finds that sunlight exposure is by far the greatest weather-related factor determining mental health outcomes. In other w ords, more sunshine, more happiness.For the study, a psychologist, a physicist and a statistician fro m BYU teamed up to compare the daily environmental data fr om the university's Physics and Astronomy Weather Station w ith the emotional health data recorded by day for 16, 452 adul t patients who were being treated at the BYU Counseling and Psychological Services Center.If you're getting enough sun, your emotions should remain rel atively stable, the researchers found. But as the amount of su nlight in the day is reduced, levels of distress can shoot up. Ot her weather variables including temperature, pollution and rai n were not found to have an effect on mental health.“We were surprised that many of the weather and pollution va riables we included in the study were not significantly related to the objects' scores on the distress measure once we had ac counted for suntime,” Dr. Mark Beecher, a professor of psych ology at the university and the study's lead author, said. “Peo ple tend to associate rainy days, pollution, and other weather-related phenomena with sadness or depression, but we did n ot find that.”Exposure to sunlight is a significant factor in seasonal affectiv e disorder. Research has shown that the brain produces more of the feel-good neurotransmitter (神经传递素) on sunny days than it does on darker days. What's more, l ack of sunlight is linked with a lower vitamin D level, which in t urn has been related with depression and low energy.12. According to the research, which of the following affects o ur mental health most?A. Rain.B. Temperature.C. Pollution.D. Sunlight.13. What can we infer from Paragraphs 4 and 5?A. Two psychologists worked together to do the research.B. The researchers only studied the emotional health data of 16, 452 adult patients.C. The emotional health data of the patients were recorded 24 hours a day.D. People tend to be less happy in the evening than on a sunny day.14. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to___ ____.A. exposure to sunlightB. the brainC. vitamin DD. lack of sunlight15. What would be the best title of the passage?A. More sunlight, more happinessB. Pollution has nothing to do with your emotionsC. Seasonal affective disorderD. Sunlight gives you more vitamin D第二节(共5小题;每小题3分,满分15分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
